Device for prolonging service life of laser processing lens and machine tool thereof

Abstract

A device for prolonging the service life of a laser processing lens comprises a first type of holes, a second type of holes and a third type of holes. The first type of holes are used for inputting gas, and the second type of holes are used for discharging gas, are communicated with the first type of holes, and are used for delivering the gas input from the first type of holes to a processing surface where the laser spots are located. And the third type of holes are used for sucking environment gas and are communicated with the second type of holes. The total area of the first-class holes is larger than or equal to two times of the total area of the second-class holes, one second-class hole is at least directly communicated with one third-class hole, and the total area of the third-class holes is larger than the area of the second-class holes directly communicated with the third-class holes. After the device is assembled on a five-axis or six-axis laser processing machine tool, residual dust, smoke and metal slag are effectively prevented from approaching a laser lens, and the service life of the lens is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of devices for implementing machining, especially a kind of device assembly in laser processing device, it is beneficial to remove the damage or adhesion of splashed material chips to lens, improve service life, and the laser processing machine tool of assembly this device. BACKGROUND

[0002] It is known that in various laser processing such as: laser welding, laser cutting and laser marking process, high temperature generated by laser beam will melt and gasify the workpiece locally to produce dust, smoke and small particulate matter such as material (such as: metal) slag, which is difficult to remove from the interface and environment of laser processing, resulting in reduced laser processing efficiency, and even more adhered to the optical elements of the laser lens, resulting in lens damage or obstruction (also known as: pollution, contaminated lens or lens contaminated), unable to continue to be used for laser processing, so that the actual service life of the lens is greatly discounted, also affecting the continuity of processing.

[0003] In order to protect the laser lens during laser processing and increase the actual service life of the lens, the following methods are usually used: 1) laser equipment integrated filter and ventilation system, using vacuum device to suck small particulate matter generated by laser processing from the processing interface and collect it in the dust collection box; 2) install external dust collector, which has built-in filter material to separate small particles and appropriately contain harmful smoke generated by laser processing; 3) use fume hood, a ventilation system installed on the top of the equipment, directly above the laser cutting machine, which can effectively remove toxic smoke in the working space. However, such means are not always safe and reliable, and these dust, smoke and metal slag generated by laser processing cannot be completely collected, and part of the residual particles are scattered to pollute and even damage the laser lens above, which can only be used for laser processing occasions with low precision requirements.

[0004] For laser precision machining, such as five-axis laser equipment processing, the above-mentioned methods are almost ineffective in practice. On the one hand, these methods are usually far away from the laser spot, making it difficult to remove small particles or molten material near the laser spot, on the other hand, when close to the laser spot, it is difficult to meet the requirements of five-axis laser processing due to interference with the laser motion trajectory.

[0005] That is, in five-axis laser equipment processing, in order to effectively improve the pollution of small particles generated by processing to the laser lens, the dust removal equipment needs to be close to the laser spot to significantly improve the dust removal effect and improve the service life of the lens; at the same time, the dust removal equipment needs to be far away from the laser spot to avoid interference with the motion path of each shaft system, causing processing failure. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0006] The utility model discloses a purpose in providing a kind of device for prolonging laser processing lens life, to improve the removal ability of the tiny particulate matter generated by laser processing, and improve the actual service life of lens.

[0007] Another purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of device for prolonging laser processing lens life, for multi-axis linkage laser processing equipment, improve the removal ability of the tiny particulate matter generated by laser processing, avoid interference with processing shaft system locus.

[0008] Still another purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of machine tool, meet the demand of using laser to implement precision machining to workpiece.

[0009] Still another purpose of the utility model is to provide a kind of machine tool, meet the demand of using laser to implement five-axis or six-axis precision machining to workpiece.

[0010] Generally understood laser is the light that atom radiates due to excitation, and the energy released in the form of photon when the electron in atom absorbs energy and jumps from low energy level to high energy level and then falls back from high energy level to low energy level.Laser can be divided into continuous laser and pulse laser.According to the pulse width characteristics of laser, it can be divided into thermal laser and cold laser.

[0011] Laser generator, such as but not limited to nanosecond, femtosecond or picosecond laser, generates laser, such as infrared, infrared, blue light, green light, violet light or extreme ultraviolet.

[0012] Ultrafast laser refers to pulse laser with pulse width less than tens of nanoseconds, i.e.pico-second level or less than pico-second level.Ultrafast laser involves core components including oscillator, stretcher, amplifier and compressor.

[0013] Optical axis refers to the center line of light beam (light column) or the symmetry axis of optical system.The light beam should not have any change in optical characteristics when rotating around the axis.

[0014] After being emitted by laser generator, laser beam needs to be focused by focusing mirror and then emitted, at which time the emitted laser converges at one place, i.e.laser spot, with the highest energy and is used by people, such as cutting.Laser emitted from focusing mirror to spot area is working laser as claimed in the utility model.

[0015] In machining, the material or workpiece referred to is usually material or semi-finished product for manufacturing parts or components, which is machining object in machining process, i.e.after machining workpiece, product meeting machining or design requirements is obtained, such as hole machining cutter and milling cutter.Workpiece for cutter machining usually includes an axis, and the length in axial direction is greater than the length in radial direction.

[0016] Precision machining refers to machining technology with extremely high machining precision and surface quality. For example, in tool machining, the size, straightness, profile, surface roughness, blade tip arc radius, and machining precision are all higher than micron level.

[0017] Machining equipment (or machining center) is machining equipment with multiple motion axes. That is, in a right-handed Cartesian coordinate system, X, Y, and Z axes moving in linear directions, and A, B, and C axes rotating around X, Y, and Z axes, respectively. For example, a numerical control machine tool is usually loaded with various control software to receive and issue various instructions in code form to implement automatic machining on a workpiece. For example, the method for forming the machining tool drill tip provided by the utility model forms a control code, which can be automatically implemented on the machining equipment and obtain a product meeting the machining or design requirements.

[0018] A device for prolonging the service life of a laser machining lens, used for laser machining with a focusing lens diameter of 40 mm or more, comprising:

[0019] A first type of hole for inputting gas (such as air);

[0020] A second type of hole for discharging gas, in communication with the first type of hole and delivering the input gas from the first type to a machining surface where a laser spot is located;

[0021] A third type of hole for inhaling ambient gas, in communication with the second type of hole;

[0022] The total area of the first type of hole is greater than or equal to twice the total area of the second type of hole;

[0023] One second type of hole is in direct communication with at least one third type of hole, and the total area of the third type of hole is greater than the area of the second type of hole in direct communication therewith, or the total area of the third type of hole is greater than the area of the second type of hole in direct communication therewith and less than the total area of the first type of hole, so that ambient gas is inhaled, discharged through the second type, and the purpose of enhancing gas flow is achieved.

[0024] Another device for laser machining, comprising:

[0025] A first interface for defining the range of working laser, one side being the working laser and the other side being the working environment of the working laser;

[0026] A second interface located at the outer edge of the working laser and facing a machining surface where a laser spot is located, the surface of which is provided with a plurality of second type of holes;

[0027] A third interface located at the outer edge of the working laser and intersecting the second interface, the surface of which is provided with a plurality of third type of holes;

[0028] The connecting seat is arranged on the third interface and comprises an end surface and a first cavity, and the first type holes are arranged on the end surface and connected with the first cavity;

[0029] The second cavity communicates each second type hole with the first cavity;

[0030] The third cavity directly communicates one second type hole with at least one third type hole.

[0031] The total area of the first type holes is greater than or equal to twice the total area of the second type holes.

[0032] The total area of the third type holes is greater than the area of the second type holes directly communicated with the third type holes, or the total area of the third type holes is greater than the area of the second type holes directly communicated with the third type holes and less than the total area of the first type holes.

[0033] The device for prolonging the service life of a laser processing lens, the intersection of the first interface and the second interface is taken as one outer contour of the device.

[0034] The first interface not only defines the range of the working laser, but also serves as one working surface of the device distinguishing from other objects, for example, the first interface serves as the assembly interface of the device and a working laser emitting component.

[0035] Another device for laser processing comprises:

[0036] The first interface is in the form of a ring-shaped vertical surface and is used for defining the range of the working laser, and the working laser is arranged in the ring.

[0037] The second interface is located at the outer edge of the working laser, is in the form of a ring-shaped spread, faces the processing surface where the laser spot is located, and a plurality of second type holes are distributed on the second interface.

[0038] The third interface is located at the outer edge of the working laser, intersects with each part of the second interface, and a plurality of third type holes are distributed on the third interface.

[0039] The connecting seat is arranged on the third interface and comprises an end surface and a first cavity, and the first type holes are arranged on the end surface and connected with the first cavity;

[0040] The second cavity communicates each second type hole with the first cavity;

[0041] The third cavity directly communicates one second type hole with at least one third type hole.

[0042] The total area of ​​the first type of holes is ≥ twice the total area of ​​the second type of holes;

[0043] One type II hole is directly connected to at least one type III hole. The total area of ​​the type III holes is greater than the area of ​​the type II holes directly connected to them, or the total area of ​​the type III holes is greater than the area of ​​the type II holes directly connected to them, but less than the total area of ​​the type I holes.

[0044] Various devices for extending the life of laser processing lenses according to this utility model shall have at least one or more third-type holes arranged around one second-type hole.

[0045] The device of this invention is assembled with the working laser emission component of a machine tool (five-axis or six-axis), for example, on the outer periphery of a focusing lens (e.g., a field lens) with a diameter of 40mm or more, defining the working laser processing area and the non-processing area, and maintaining a clearance (also called processing distance) of at least 50mm between the lower edge of the device (e.g., the second interface) and the workpiece. While the working laser processes the workpiece, second-type holes distributed on the second interface discharge pressurized gas to the processing surface where the laser spot is located, purging the processing surface and removing the tiny particles generated by the laser processing from the laser processing area. Simultaneously, molten material at the laser spot is also removed from the processing surface.

[0046] The airflow discharged from the second type of holes distributed on the second interface forms an air curtain that moves toward the laser spot processing surface, keeping the working laser processing area clean and preventing residual dust, smoke, and molten metal slag from approaching the laser lens (e.g., focusing lens), thereby effectively extending the life of the laser lens. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the device for extending the life of laser processing lenses according to this utility model;

[0048] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the device shown;

[0049] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of another part of the device shown;

[0050] Figure 4 A partial view of an embodiment of the device for extending the life of laser processing lenses according to this utility model applied to a laser five-axis machine tool. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the utility model are described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The embodiments of the utility model are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model but not to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the utility model can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the utility model, and all of them should be covered in the scope of the claims of the utility model.

[0052] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of an embodiment of the device of the utility model, Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is a partial sectional view of the device, Figure 3 It is Figure 1 It is another partial sectional view of the device. As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the device of the utility model is used for laser processing, comprising a first type of hole 100 for receiving external gas (such as air), and a second type of hole 200 in communication with the first type of hole 100 for discharging the gas input from the first type of hole 100 and delivering the gas to the processing surface where the laser spot is located. A third type of hole 300 is also provided in communication with the second type of hole 200 for inhaling ambient gas to increase the speed and pressure of the gas discharged from the second type of hole 200, and at least one second type of hole 200 is directly communicated with one third type of hole 300. Therefore, the total area of the first type of hole is greater than or equal to twice the total area of the second type of hole, and the total area of the third type of hole 300 is greater than the area of the second type of hole 200 directly communicated therewith, or the total area of the third type of hole 300 is greater than the area of the second type of hole 200 directly communicated therewith and less than the total area of the first type of hole 300.

[0053] Figure 4 It is a partial view of an embodiment of the device of the utility model applied to a laser five-axis machine tool. The device of this embodiment is assembled on a working laser emitter 71, and the working laser 72 is focused by a lens to form a spot 73 acting on a workpiece 80 to implement laser five-axis processing, and the range of the laser beam is the laser processing area 74, which generally has a clearance of more than 50 mm. In combination with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 , in this embodiment, the second type of hole 200 is arranged on the second interface 20, the second interface 20 faces the processing surface where the laser spot 73 is located (including the planar area extending to the periphery), and the second type of hole 200 is distributed on the second interface 20, which is beneficial to forming an air curtain at the outer edge of the laser processing area 74 to avoid small particles such as residual dust, smoke and metal slag from approaching the laser lens (such as focusing mirror).

[0054] The first interface 10 and the third interface 30 intersect with the second interface 20. The first interface 10 defines the range of the working laser, one side of which is the working laser processing area 74, and the other side is the non-processing area of the working laser (i.e. the working environment). It also serves as a working surface of the device in this embodiment to distinguish it from other objects, and is used as an assembly interface for assembling with the working laser emitting component, such as the outer periphery of the focusing mirror (e.g. the field lens) with a diameter of 40 mm or more. Its shape is, for example, annular, which encloses the working laser 72 within the ring.

[0055] The second interface 20 intersecting with the first interface 10 is also an annular surface, and maintains a clearance (also known as processing distance) of 50 mm or more with the workpiece 80. The second type of holes 200 are uniformly distributed along the annular surface. When the second interface 20 is arranged to face the processing surface where the laser spot is located (including the flat area extending to the periphery), the high-speed and high-pressure gas discharged from the second type of holes 200 is directed to the processing surface, which blows away the tiny particulate matter and molten material generated during processing and excludes them from the spot processing area.

[0056] The intersection line 40 formed by the intersection of the first interface 10 and the second interface 20 serves as one outer contour of the device in this embodiment. The second interface 20 extends to the non-processing area side of the first interface 10 and intersects with the annular third interface 30, forming an intersection line 50 which serves as another outer contour of the device in this embodiment. In this way, the first interface 10 and the third interface 30 both serve as 2 vertical surfaces of the device in this embodiment, arranged on both sides of the device, with the first interface 10 close to the processing area 74 and the third interface 30 away from the processing area 74.

[0057] The third type of holes 300 are arranged on the third interface 30, and the third type of holes 300 are communicated with the second type of holes 200 through the third channels 600. At least one second type of hole 200 is directly communicated with at least one third type of hole 300, and at least one third type of hole 300 is arranged around each second type of hole 200 to improve the effect of the third type of hole 300 absorbing gas in the environment.

[0058] The third interface 30 is further provided with a connecting seat 60, which comprises an end surface 61 and a first cavity 400. The end surface is provided with the first holes 100, and the first cavity 400 is in communication with the first holes 100. A second cavity 500 is in communication with each second hole 200 and the first cavity 400, so that the gas entering from the first holes 100 is distributed to each second hole 200 and discharged through the second holes 200. When the gas is discharged, the sum of the areas of the first (gas inlet) holes 100 is greater than the sum of the areas of all the second (gas outlet) holes 200, so that the gas flow is sprayed at a very high speed. At the same time, the third holes 300 near and directly connected to the second holes 200 generate a low pressure phenomenon, forming an adsorption effect, so that the surrounding air is also sucked into the third (flow increasing) holes 300 and gathered in the second holes 200 for spraying, further enhancing the pressure and speed of the impact gas flow, significantly increasing the gas outlet amount, forming a downward pressure type air curtain flowing at a high speed from top to bottom, thereby effectively preventing residual dust, smoke and metal slag from approaching the laser lens, significantly reducing the accumulation of fine particulate matter on the laser lens, and prolonging the service life of the laser lens. Under the same workpiece processing conditions, compared with the service life of 2-3 days, the laser lens using the device of the embodiment can maintain normal use for at least one month, the service life of the lens is significantly prolonged, and the processing efficiency is significantly improved.

Claims

1. A device for prolonging the life of a laser processing lens, for focusing a laser processing mirror with a diameter of 40 mm or more, characterized in that It comprises: The first type of hole is used for inputting gas; The second type of hole is used for discharging gas, which is in communication with the first type of hole and delivers the gas input from the first type to the machining surface where the laser spot is located; The third type of hole is used for inhaling ambient gas, which is in communication with the second type of hole; The total area of the first type of hole is greater than or equal to twice the total area of the second type of hole; One second type of hole is directly connected to at least one third type of hole, and the total area of the third type of hole is greater than the area of the second type of hole directly connected to it, or the total area of the third type of hole is greater than the area of the second type of hole directly connected to it and less than the total area of the first type of hole.

2. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes a first interface for defining the range of the working laser, one side of which is the working laser and the other side is the working environment of the working laser.

3. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein It also includes a second interface located at the outer edge of the working laser and facing the machining surface where the laser spot is located, and a plurality of second type of holes are arranged on the surface.

4. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein It also includes a third interface located at the outer edge of the working laser and intersecting the second interface, and a plurality of third type of holes are arranged on the surface.

5. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein It also includes a connecting seat arranged on the third interface, including an end face and a first cavity, and the first type of hole is arranged on the end face and connected to the first cavity.

6. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein A second cavity is arranged to communicate each second type of hole with the first cavity.

7. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein A third cavity is arranged to directly communicate at least one second type of hole with at least one third type of hole.

8. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein At least one more third type of hole is arranged around one second type of hole.

9. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein The gas flow discharged by the second type of hole forms an air curtain moving towards the machining surface of the laser spot.

10. The device for prolonging the life of a laser machining lens of claim 1, wherein It also includes: The first interface is a ring-shaped vertical surface for defining the range of the working laser, and the working laser is arranged inside the ring; The second interface is located at the outer edge of the working laser and is ring-shaped, and a plurality of second type of holes are arranged on the surface facing the machining surface where the laser spot is located; The third interface is located at the outer edge of the working laser and intersects the second interface, and a plurality of third type of holes are arranged on the surface; The connecting seat is arranged on the third interface, including an end face and a first cavity, and the first type of hole is arranged on the end face and connected to the first cavity; The second cavity is arranged to communicate each second type of hole with the first cavity; The third cavity is arranged to directly communicate at least one second type of hole with at least one third type of hole.

11. A machine tool, characterized by The device for prolonging the service life of the laser processing lens of claim 1, wherein the machine tool simultaneously implements laser processing by five or six axes.

12. Machine tool according to claim 11, characterized in that The device for prolonging the service life of the laser processing lens is assembled with the emitter of the working laser, and the gas flow discharged by the second type of hole forms an air curtain moving towards the machining surface of the laser spot.

13. The machine tool of claim 11, wherein The device for prolonging the service life of the laser processing lens is assembled on the outer periphery of the focusing lens with a diameter of 40mm or more.

14. Machine tool according to claim 13, characterized in that The device for prolonging the service life of the laser processing lens is assembled on the focusing lens, and the lower edge thereof maintains a clearance of 50mm or more from the workpiece.

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