Supporting and monitoring system special for treating tunnel settlement

Abstract

The utility model discloses a supporting and monitoring system specially used for treating tunnel settlement, which comprises a double-end anchor rod structure and a plurality of groups of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices, the double-end anchor rod structure replaces an original tunnel primary support anchor rod, and two embedded anchor rods are arranged at the position of the original primary support anchor rod as a group; each group of double-end anchor rod structures are connected through an external steel frame; the surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices are installed in a mode of being attached to a tunnel secondary lining, and the surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices are connected through connecting pipelines. A moving device is installed on the top of the tunnel, the connecting pipeline is connected with the moving device, a pulley is arranged at the end of the moving device, and a displacement adjusting rod is arranged outside the pulley. The double-end anchor rod structure is utilized and combined with a real-time surrounding rock pressure monitoring device, so that the strength of the supporting structure at the corresponding position can be adjusted in time according to the abnormal numerical value of the surrounding rock pressure, and the aim of meeting the supporting capacity requirement is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tunnel engineering monitoring technical field especially relates to a support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the high difficulty of design and construction of tunnel engineering and the complexity of the environment of the engineering, settlement, structure damage and even collapse and other problems are more likely to occur, especially in recent years with the rapid development of the number of tunnel construction in China, the inherent problems of tunnel engineering are gradually revealed, if not controlled and solved, it will greatly affect the service life of tunnel engineering, at the same time, it will hinder the further development of the transportation field in China. The reason of most of the tunnel engineering accidents is that the supporting structure is damaged or the surrounding rock pressure is suddenly abnormal, the supporting structure cannot provide enough bearing capacity, and then the structure strength is damaged, resulting in settlement, collapse and other problems of the tunnel. Due to the complexity of the geographical environment of the tunnel engineering, it is difficult to carry out many monitoring and prevention work, which is time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, if the monitoring data shows that the surrounding rock pressure value of a certain position is abnormal, it is very difficult to handle and maintain. Therefore, it is very important to provide a method or structure which can monitor the tunnel surrounding rock pressure in time and adjust the supporting structure according to the monitoring data to improve the supporting capacity. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the short board and deficiency of tunnel prevention supporting structure damage and tunnel settlement problem, the utility model provides a support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement, and adjusts the supporting structure at the position according to the surrounding rock pressure value analysis result to meet the supporting capacity requirement structure and method, in addition, it can also solve the short board that there is no tunnel supporting structure at present which can strengthen a point of the tunnel without damaging the whole structure of the tunnel.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0005] The application discloses a supporting and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement, which comprises a double-end anchor rod structure and a plurality of groups of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices, the double-end anchor rod structure replaces original tunnel primary support anchor rods, two embedded anchor rods are installed at the positions of the original primary support anchor rods as a group, external steel frames are connected between each group of double-end anchor rod structures, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices are installed on the tunnel secondary lining, each surrounding rock pressure monitor is connected through a connecting pipeline, a moving device is installed on the top of the tunnel, the connecting pipeline is connected with the moving device, a pulley is arranged at the end of the moving device, a displacement adjusting rod is arranged outside the pulley, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can be separated from the tunnel secondary lining through the displacement adjusting rod, two guide rails are installed on the top of the tunnel, and the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can be moved to other section areas of the tunnel through the pulley and the guide rails after being separated from the tunnel secondary lining, and a controller is further arranged and connected with the double-end anchor rod structure through wires.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the double-end anchor rod structure is in an inverted trapezoidal structure and is internally composed of two symmetrically distributed anchor rods; each anchor rod is internally composed of a plurality of combined structures and two sub-anchor rods; the first anchor rod is an initial anchor rod and is directly embedded and installed in the inverted trapezoidal structure and is a bearing body of the second anchor rod and the third anchor rod; the top position of the first anchor rod is higher than the inverted trapezoidal device, and the top of the anchor rod is designed in an outwardly expanding inverted trapezoidal shape; the second anchor rod is located in the first anchor rod, and an electrically controlled hydraulic device is arranged at the bottom of the second anchor rod; the third anchor rod is installed in the second anchor rod, and an electrically controlled hydraulic device is also arranged at the bottom of the third anchor rod and is connected with the second anchor rod through the electrically controlled hydraulic device; two reserved anchor channels are reserved at the end of the double-end anchor rod structure, which mainly serve to reduce the surrounding rock resistance that the second anchor rod and the third anchor rod suffer when being extended and also serve to protect the anchor rods and the motors in the anchor rods from external erosion.

[0007] As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the inverted trapezoidal structure is a bearing device of the double-end anchor rod structure, is mainly composed of light foam concrete, has light weight and high strength, can form a reinforced concrete structure in combination with the anchor rod, greatly improves the supporting capacity of the double-end anchor rod structure, and also reduces the erosion of water in the rock and soil on the anchor rod.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the electrically controlled hydraulic device is electrically driven, two electrically controlled hydraulic devices are arranged on each anchor rod, one of the two electrically controlled hydraulic devices is arranged between the bottom of the second anchor rod and the first anchor rod and does not contact the first anchor rod, the other electrically controlled hydraulic device is arranged between the bottom of the third anchor rod and the bottom of the second anchor rod and directly contacts the second anchor rod, the electrically controlled hydraulic devices can control the lifting and lowering of the anchor rods and can also serve to fix the anchor rods.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is provided with 7 groups, which are respectively installed at the tunnel arch foot, side wall, hance and arch top where the surrounding rock pressure is large, and are connected through connecting pipelines; the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is installed in contact with the tunnel secondary lining, and can be separated from the secondary lining through the displacement adjusting rod located at the arch top; the displacement adjusting rod is located on the end pulley of the moving device.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, two rails are arranged on the secondary lining at the tunnel arch top, and the moving device is connected with the rails through the pulley; the pulleys at the two ends of the displacement device are connected with the connecting pipelines of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices located at the two sides of the arch top; after the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is separated from the secondary lining through the displacement adjusting rod, it can be moved to any section of the tunnel for monitoring through the pulley and the rail.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the controller is located between the tunnel secondary lining and the primary support, and is connected with the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device through a wire; the controller is responsible for the control task of the three groups of double-end anchor rod structures; the controller can accept the feedback information from the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device, and can also be directly controlled by an external control system.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is composed of a bottom power supply, a power supply, a data analyzer and a plurality of pressure sensors; the pressure sensor is composed of a contact module and a reading module, the contact module is located at the top of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device and is directly arranged in contact with the secondary lining; the reading module is located below the contact module and can read the measured values of the contact module; the power supply is located on both sides of the pressure sensor and is responsible for the power supply of the pressure sensor and the data analyzer; each power supply is connected with the bottom power supply through three conductive pipes.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the data analyzer is located below the pressure sensor and constitutes a value analysis and feedback system with the pressure sensor; each surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is provided with three data analyzers, and a plurality of pressure sensors at the top are divided into three groups, one data analyzer is connected with one group of pressure sensors, and the reading values of the pressure sensors in the group are averaged; each data analyzer stores the designed value of the surrounding rock pressure at the position, and when the monitored value deviates greatly from the designed value, the data feedback value is fed back to the controller and the background control room.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is provided with three groups of value analysis and feedback systems at the arch foot, side wall and hance, and six groups of value analysis and feedback systems at the arch top.

[0015] The utility model discloses beneficial effect: the utility model utilizes double -end anchor rod structure, and this structure is combined with real -time surrounding rock pressure monitoring device, realizes can in time according to surrounding rock pressure abnormal value and then adjusts the support structure intensity of corresponding position to meet the target of support ability requirement. Double -end anchor rod structure is installed in light -weight foam concrete, and light -weight foam concrete can form reinforced concrete structure with anchor rod itself, provides great support ability, when surrounding rock pressure monitoring system finds data anomaly, can adjust the quantity and length of double -end anchor rod through feedback instruction, can utilize electric control hydraulic device and insert more anchor rod into deeper rock and soil interior, and then provide higher support ability, prevent tunnel from surrounding rock pressure anomaly and produce subsidence problem. In addition, surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can move through being located tunnel top guide rail, can monitor the surrounding rock pressure of multiple sections, and then separately handles the problem section.

[0016] The utility model still realizes can adjust the support structure inside section under the condition of not destroying tunnel section structure, greatly improves the structure safety degree and service life of tunnel engineering, has certain reference meaning to future tunnel engineering construction and construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is tunnel section view;

[0018] Figure 2 It is tunnel plan;

[0019] Figure 3 It is double -end anchor rod structure diagram;

[0020] Figure 4 It is surrounding rock pressure monitoring device elevation;

[0021] Figure 5 It is surrounding rock pressure monitoring device side view.

[0022] In the drawing, 1, foundation;2, connecting pipeline;3, surrounding rock pressure monitoring device;31, bottom power supply;32, power supply;33, conducting pipe;34, reading module;35, contact module;36, data analyzer;37, numerical analysis, feedback system;4, external steel frame;5, double -end anchor rod structure;51, electric control hydraulic device;52, No. 2 anchor rod;53, anchor rod electric control device;54, No. 3 anchor rod;55, No. 1 anchor rod;56, reserved anchor way, 6, pulley;7, displacement adjusting rod;8, moving device;9, controller;10, guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Clearly, the described embodiments are merely a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0024] Please refer to Figures 1-5 A support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement, comprising double-head anchor rod structures 5 and multiple groups of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices 3, the double-head anchor rod structures 5 replace original anchor rods and are installed at the same positions as the original anchor rods, with two embedded anchor rods as a group installed at the original primary support anchor rod positions; the double-head anchor rod structures are connected by external steel frames 4; the double-head anchor rod structure 5 base is a reversed trapezoidal light-weight foam concrete, which can form a reinforced concrete structure with the anchor rods and has higher supporting capacity; the base has a No. 1 anchor rod 55, a No. 2 anchor rod 52 and a No. 3 anchor rod 54; the double-head anchor rod structure 5 can automatically adjust the number and length of the anchor rods according to the information fed back by the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3; under normal circumstances, the double-head anchor rod structure 5 base can provide sufficient supporting capacity, when the surrounding rock pressure at a certain position is abnormal, the double-head anchor rod structure 5 can extend the No. 2 anchor rod 52 and the No. 3 anchor rod 54 and extend into the rock mass to provide more supporting capacity; the surrounding rock pressure monitoring system is installed on the tunnel secondary lining, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3 has 7, which are installed at the tunnel springing, sidewall, haunch and vault, can monitor the surrounding rock pressure at the 7 positions in real time, compare and analyze the monitoring data with the design value, when the monitoring value is abnormal, can feed back the instruction to the double-head anchor rod structure 5, which can adjust according to the instruction; the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can be separated from the secondary lining through the displacement adjusting rod 7 on the moving device 8, and then can be moved through the guide rail 10 at the top of the tunnel to realize monitoring of the whole tunnel.

[0025] The double-head anchor rod structure 5 of the embodiment replaces the original anchor rod structure and is installed outside the tunnel, the double-head anchor rod structure 5 is in a reversed trapezoidal shape, the main part is composed of light-weight foam concrete, and two symmetrically distributed No. 2 anchor rods 52 and No. 3 anchor rods 54 are embedded; the foam concrete base forms a reinforced concrete structure with the anchor rods, has higher bearing capacity and supporting capacity compared with the original single anchor rod structure, at the same time, the foam concrete can protect the anchor rods from erosion by underground water in the surrounding rock and soil, increase the strength and service life of the anchor rods; the reversed trapezoidal shape design also enables the double-head anchor rod structure 5 to have a larger contact area with the rock and soil and higher friction, further improving the supporting effect.

[0026] Further, in the embodiment, the double-end anchor rod 5 can be extended and retracted by the anchor rod electric control device 53. In general, the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54 are in the retracted state. When the surrounding rock pressure is abnormal, the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54 can be controlled separately to extend into the rock mass, thereby improving the supporting capacity. The anchor rod electric control device 53 is installed in the middle of the inverted trapezoidal structure and is connected to the controller 9 through wires. After receiving the instruction from the controller 9, the anchor rod electric control device 53 can control the electric hydraulic device inside the anchor rod to press the anchor rod into the rock mass.

[0027] Further, in the embodiment, two telescopic anchor rods and a main anchor rod are installed in each anchor rod. The main anchor rod is the first anchor rod 55, which is a reinforced concrete structure cast with foamed concrete. The top of the first anchor rod 55 is higher than the foamed concrete base, and the top of the first anchor rod 55 is designed as an outwardly expanding inverted trapezoidal shape. This makes it easier for the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54 to be pressed into the rock mass by the electric hydraulic device 51. At the same time, it can also increase the contact area between the first anchor rod 55 and the rock mass, thereby improving the supporting capacity. The electric hydraulic device 51 is installed at the bottom of the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54. The electric hydraulic device 51 at the bottom of the second anchor rod 52 does not contact the first anchor rod 55. The electric hydraulic device 51 at the bottom of the third anchor rod 54 directly contacts the second anchor rod 52. When the electric hydraulic device 51 at the bottom of the second anchor rod 52 works, it will inadvertently push the third anchor rod 54 and the electric hydraulic device 51 at the bottom of the third anchor rod 54 to move together, ensuring that the position of the third anchor rod 54 is always above the second anchor rod 52. The electric hydraulic device 51 is directly connected to the anchor rod electric control device 53 through wires and is directly controlled by the anchor rod electric control device 53. When the supporting capacity of the second anchor rod 52 is still insufficient when it extends to the limit, the third anchor rod 54 will continue to extend to increase its supporting capacity.

[0028] Further, in the embodiment, the top of each first anchor rod 55 is installed with a reserved anchor channel 56. This can make it easier for the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54 to be pushed into the rock mass, and also reduce the erosion of groundwater on the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54. It is worth noting that the reserved anchor channel 56 is a hollow cylinder, and the second anchor rod 52 extends almost in contact with the reserved anchor channel 56 to maximize the effective supporting capacity provided by the second anchor rod 52 and the third anchor rod 54.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is located inside the second lining of the tunnel and is installed in contact with the second lining. The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device has 7 groups, and each group of monitoring devices is connected through connecting pipes 2. The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3 is mainly installed in the areas where the surrounding rock pressure is easily concentrated and the value is large, such as the tunnel springer, side wall, haunch, and vault, to ensure that the surrounding rock pressure in these areas is monitored in real time.

[0030] Further, in the embodiment, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3 can be moved by the moving device 8; the moving device 8 is installed at the top of the tunnel, and both ends of the moving device 8 are pulleys 6, which are directly connected with the connecting pipes 2 at both ends of the top of the tunnel; below the pulleys 6 are displacement adjusting rods 7, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can be separated from the secondary lining through the displacement adjusting rods 7, and is hung in the tunnel chamber by the moving device 8 to wait for movement; two guide rails 10 are symmetrically installed at the positions of the secondary lining at the top of the tunnel, the pulleys 6 of the moving device 8 are directly in contact with the guide rails 10, and the surrounding rock pressure monitoring system can be moved to any section of the tunnel through the pulleys 6 and the guide rails 10 to monitor, so as to ensure the comprehensiveness of the monitoring.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3 mainly comprises a bottom power supply 31, a power supply 32, a conductive pipe 33, a reading module 34, a contact module 35 and a data analyzer 36, the reading module 34, the contact module 35 and the data analyzer 36 constitute a numerical analysis and feedback system 37, the numerical analysis and feedback system 37 is located in the middle of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3, and is internally provided with a plurality of reading modules 34, contact modules 35 and three data analyzers 36; the reading module 34 and the contact module 35 can monitor the surrounding rock pressure at the position through the pressure change, and upload the surrounding rock pressure value to the data analyzer 36; the numerical analysis and feedback system 37 is provided with electric energy by the power supplies 32 located at both sides, the power supplies 32 are connected with the bottom power supply 31 through the conductive pipe 33, and the bottom power supply 31 can be disassembled and replaced, so as to ensure the normal operation of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3.

[0032] Further, in the embodiment, the reading module 34 and the contact module 35 are located at the top of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3, are directly in contact with the secondary lining, and are very sensitive; when the surrounding rock pressure changes, the contact module 35 can sense the slight value difference, and then the reading module 34 can read the value in time and upload the data to the data analyzer 36.

[0033] Further, in the present embodiment, the 3 data analyzers 36 can divide the several reading modules 34, contact modules 35 into 3 groups, 1 data analyzer 36 corresponding to 1 group of reading modules 34, contact modules 35, the data analyzer 36 can accept the surrounding rock pressure values sensed by the same group of reading modules 34, contact modules 35, and automatically average the values of each pressure sensor in the group to obtain more realistic surrounding rock pressure data. In addition, the data analyzer 36 can also record the values of each reading module 34, contact module 35 in order to process more subtly for a certain position; the data analyzer 36 can compare the measured surrounding rock pressure value with the design value, when the measured data is found to be abnormal, the data analyzer 36 can feedback the information to the controller 9 and the background system, the controller 9 and the background can control the double-end anchor rod structure 5 at the problem position in time according to the feedback information, adjust the anchor rod quantity and length to meet the latest support capacity requirements.

[0034] Further, in the present embodiment, one surrounding rock pressure monitoring device 3 is provided with 3 groups of value analysis and feedback systems 37, and 6 groups are provided at the vault position to maximize the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0035] As a preferred embodiment, the controller 9 is installed between the initial support and the secondary lining of the tunnel, and is connected to the double-end anchor rod structure 5 through a wire; each controller 9 controls 3 double-end anchor rod structures 5; the controller 9 can accept the feedback instructions issued by the data analyzer 36, and control the anchor rod electric control device 53 located in the middle of the double-end anchor rod structure 5 according to the instructions to realize the adjustment of the anchor rod quantity and length, when the anchor rod quantity and length are adjusted to the appropriate value, the data analyzer 36 will receive the normal surrounding rock pressure value, and will issue a stop adjusting instruction according to the value, when the controller 9 receives the stop adjusting instruction, it will control the anchor rod electric control device 53 to stop adjusting the electric hydraulic device 51, so that the anchor rod maintains the current quantity and length.

[0036] Further, in the present embodiment, the controller 9 can also be controlled by the background, the background can also receive the data feedback by the data analyzer 36, when fine adjustment is needed, the controller 9 can be directly controlled by the background to make one of the double-end anchor rod structures 5 to stretch and retract, which can more accurately and finely solve the phenomenon of abnormal surrounding rock pressure at a certain position.

[0037] The working principle of the tunnel settlement treatment system of the present embodiment is as follows:

[0038] The movable surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is installed outside the second lining of the tunnel and adheres to the second lining, and 7 groups of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices 3 are respectively located at the arch springing, sidewall, haunch and vault positions of the tunnel. Each group of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices 3 is composed of a plurality of reading modules 34, a contact module 35 and three data analyzers 36, the reading module 34 and the contact module 35 analyze the surrounding rock pressure at the position by the pressure change at the position, and the data of other pressure sensors in the same group are input into the data analyzer 36, the data analyzer 36 compares the surrounding rock pressure monitoring value with the design value, and finds whether the surrounding rock pressure is in an abnormal state, when in the abnormal state, the data analyzer 36 feeds back the data to the controller 9 through the instruction, the controller 9 receives the instruction and can control the anchor rod electric control device 53 to adjust the electric control hydraulic device 51, so as to adjust the number and length of the double-end anchor rod structure 5, so as to meet the latest supporting capacity needs, in addition, the data analyzer 36 can also feed back the data to the background control system, and the background control system controls the anchor rod electric control device 53 to adjust the number and length of the anchor rod, more subtly and accurately solves the surrounding rock pressure abnormality on site, prevents the tunnel from sinking, collapsing and the supporting structure from being damaged and the like.

[0039] The above only describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalently replace some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A support and monitoring system specifically designed to address tunnel settlement, comprising a double-headed anchor structure and multiple sets of surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices, characterized in that: The double-headed anchor structure replaces the original tunnel initial support anchor, with two embedded anchors installed as a group at the original initial support anchor position; each group of double-headed anchor structures is connected by an external steel frame. The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is installed close to the secondary lining of the tunnel, and each surrounding rock pressure monitor is connected to the other via a connecting pipe. A moving device is installed at the top of the tunnel, and the connecting pipe is connected to the moving device. The end of the moving device is equipped with a pulley, and the outside of the pulley is equipped with a displacement adjustment rod. The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device can be detached from the secondary lining of the tunnel via the displacement adjustment rod. Two guide rails are installed at the top of the tunnel. After the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is detached from the secondary lining of the tunnel, it can be moved to other cross-sectional areas of the tunnel via the pulley and the guide rails. It also includes a controller, which is connected to the double-headed anchor structure via wires.

2. The support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-headed anchor structure is an inverted trapezoidal structure, consisting of two symmetrically distributed anchors. Each anchor consists of multiple combined structures and two sub-anchors. Anchor No. 1 is the initial anchor, directly embedded inside the inverted trapezoidal structure, and serves as the support for Anchors No. 2 and No.

3. The top of Anchor No. 1 is higher than the inverted trapezoidal device, and its top has an outward-expanding inverted trapezoidal design. Anchor No. 2 is located inside Anchor No. 1, and an electro-hydraulic device is installed at its bottom. Anchor No. 3 is installed inside Anchor No. 2, and an electro-hydraulic device is also installed at its bottom, connecting it to Anchor No. 2 via the electro-hydraulic device. Two pre-reserved anchor channels are left at the ends of the double-headed anchor structure.

3. The support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inverted trapezoidal structure is the load-bearing device of the double-headed anchor structure. The inverted trapezoidal structure is mainly composed of lightweight foamed concrete. The anchor control motor is installed in the middle of the inverted trapezoidal structure and is connected to the electro-hydraulic press and controller through wires. The lifting and lowering control of the same group of anchors can be realized through the instructions from the controller.

4. The support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electro-hydraulic device is electrically driven. Two electro-hydraulic devices are installed on each anchor bolt. One device is installed between the bottom of anchor bolt No. 2 and anchor bolt No. 1, without contacting anchor bolt No.

1. The other device is installed between the bottom of anchor bolt No. 3 and the bottom of anchor bolt No. 2, and is in direct contact with anchor bolt No.

2.

5. The support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device consists of 7 sets, which are installed at locations with high surrounding rock pressure distribution, such as the tunnel arch foot, sidewall, arch waist, and arch crown. The sets are connected by connecting pipes. The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is installed close to the tunnel secondary lining and can be detached from the secondary lining by the displacement adjustment rod located at the arch crown. The displacement adjustment rod is located on the pulley at the end of the moving device.

6. The support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two guide rails are laid at the tunnel arch, which are in close contact with the secondary lining. The moving device can be connected to the guide rails via pulleys. The pulleys at both ends of the displacement device are connected to the connecting conduits of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring devices located on both sides of the arch. After the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is detached from the secondary lining via the displacement adjustment rod, it can be moved to any section of the tunnel via pulleys and guide rails for monitoring.

7. A support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The controller is located between the secondary lining and the primary support of the tunnel and is connected to the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device via a wire. The controller is responsible for controlling the three sets of double-headed anchor bolt structures. The controller can receive information from the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device and can also be directly controlled by an external control system.

8. A support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device consists of a bottom power supply, a power supply unit, a data analyzer, and several pressure sensors. Each pressure sensor consists of a contact module and a reading module. The contact module is located at the top of the surrounding rock pressure monitoring device and is directly attached to the secondary lining. The reading module is located below the contact module and can read the values ​​measured by the contact module. The power supply unit is located on both sides of the pressure sensor and is responsible for supplying power to the pressure sensor and the data analyzer. Each power supply unit is connected to three conductive pipes and is connected to the bottom power supply unit through the conductive pipes.

9. A support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The data analyzer is located below the pressure sensor and forms a numerical analysis and feedback system with the pressure sensor. Each surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is equipped with three data analyzers and divides the several pressure sensors located at the top into three groups. One data analyzer is connected to one group of pressure sensors and averages the readings of that group of pressure sensors. Each data analyzer stores the design value of the surrounding rock pressure at that location. When a large discrepancy is found between the monitored value and the design value, the data feedback value controller is connected to the back-end control room.

10. A support and monitoring system for treating tunnel settlement according to claim 8, characterized in that: The surrounding rock pressure monitoring device is equipped with three sets of numerical analysis and feedback systems at the arch foot, sidewall, and arch waist, and six sets of numerical analysis and feedback systems at the arch crown.

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