Brake, axle and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a brake, an axle and a vehicle. The brake comprises a shaft piece, a shell piece, a friction piece, a piston and an elastic piece. The shell is rotationally arranged on the shaft in a sleeving mode, an inner cavity is defined by the shell and the shaft, and a first oil hole and a second oil hole are formed in the shell; the friction piece is arranged in the inner cavity; the piston is located in the inner cavity and arranged on the shaft piece in a sleeving mode. The elastic piece is connected between the piston and the shell piece; a first oil cavity is defined by the side, facing the friction piece, of the piston and the shell piece and communicates with the first oil hole, a second oil cavity is defined by the side, deviating from the friction piece, of the piston and the shell piece, and the second oil cavity communicates with the second oil hole. Through the arrangement of the first oil hole and the first oil cavity, the piston can be driven to move through oil pressure and restoring force of the elastic piece to achieve traveling braking of a vehicle. Therefore, service braking is more active and direct, braking lag is avoided, the moving speed of the piston can be increased by increasing oil pressure, and service braking can be completed faster. Therefore, the reliability of the brake can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electronics, in particular to a brake, an axle and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] The brake is a device for stopping or decelerating or keeping the wheels of a vehicle static. In the related art, the brake comprises a hub shaft, a shell sleeved on the hub shaft, a friction piece arranged in the shell, a piston and a spring. The friction piece comprises a friction plate connected with the hub shaft and a steel sheet connected with the shell. When the vehicle is static, the deformation recovery force of the spring pushes the piston to compress the friction piece, so that the steel sheet and the friction plate abut against each other, thereby increasing the resistance of the hub shaft to rotation, so that the hub shaft is static, and thus the wheels connected with the hub shaft are static. When the vehicle starts, oil is supplied to the piston, so that the oil pushes the piston to further compress the spring, thereby increasing the distance between the piston and the friction piece, so that a gap is formed between the steel sheet and the friction plate. In this way, the wheels rotate under the drive of the power.

[0003] When the vehicle brakes, the oil acting on the piston is reduced, so that the recovery force of the spring against the piston is reduced, thereby causing the piston to move towards the friction piece under the action of the recovery force of the spring, so that the friction plate and the steel sheet contact and form friction, thereby increasing the damping of the wheel rotation. In this way, the vehicle is decelerated or braked.

[0004] However, the reliability of the brake is low when the vehicle brakes, because the brake relies on the deformation recovery force of the spring. Content of the utility model

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a brake, which improves the reliability of the brake to at least solve the above technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to the first aspect of the present application, a brake is provided, which comprises a shaft piece, a shell piece, a friction piece, a piston and an elastic piece; the shell piece is rotatably sleeved on the shaft piece and defines an inner cavity with the shaft piece, and the shell piece is provided with a first oil hole and a second oil hole; the friction piece is arranged in the inner cavity, and a part of the friction piece is connected with the shell piece and another part is connected with the shaft piece; the piston is located in the inner cavity and is sleeved on the shaft piece, and the piston is located on one side of the friction piece along the axial direction of the shaft piece; the two ends of the elastic piece are connected with the piston and the shell piece respectively; wherein a part of the surface of the side of the piston facing the friction piece and a part of the inner wall of the shell piece define a first oil cavity, the first oil cavity is communicated with the first oil hole, and a part of the surface of the side of the piston away from the friction piece and a part of the inner wall of the shell piece define a second oil cavity, the second oil cavity is communicated with the second oil hole.

[0007] Optionally, along the axial direction of the shaft, the piston has a first surface facing the friction member, the first surface is convexly provided with a first end ring, the shell has a second surface facing the piston, the second surface is provided with a first ring groove; an end of the first end ring away from the first surface is inserted into the first ring groove; wherein the first end ring and the inner wall of the first ring groove define a first oil cavity.

[0008] Optionally, two first sealing rings are arranged between the inner wall of the first ring groove and the first end ring, and the first oil hole is in communication with a portion between the two first sealing rings and the first ring groove.

[0009] Optionally, a first sealing ring is arranged between the outer circumferential groove wall of the first ring groove and the outer circumferential surface of the first end ring, and another first sealing ring is arranged between the inner circumferential groove wall of the first ring and the inner circumferential surface of the first end ring.

[0010] Optionally, along the axial direction of the shaft, the piston has a third surface facing away from the friction member, the third surface is provided with a second ring groove, the shell is convexly provided with a second end ring at a portion facing the second ring groove, and the second end ring is inserted into the second ring groove; wherein the inner wall of the second ring groove and the second end ring define a second oil cavity.

[0011] Optionally, the second ring groove is a stepped groove, the second ring groove is arranged at the outer peripheral edge of the third surface, the second oil hole is in communication with the outer circumferential side of the second ring groove; and / or a first sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the shell, and the first sealing ring seals the inner circumferential side and the outer circumferential side of the second ring groove.

[0012] Optionally, the brake further comprises an oil injection plug, an oil injection hole is arranged on the shell, the oil injection hole is in communication with the inner cavity, and the oil injection plug is installed in the oil injection hole.

[0013] Optionally, the brake further comprises an air permeation plug, an air permeation hole is arranged on the shell, the air permeation hole is in communication with the inner cavity, and the air permeation plug is installed in the air permeation hole.

[0014] Optionally, the shell comprises an outer shell and a rear cover; the outer shell is rotatably sleeved on the shaft; the rear cover is rotatably sleeved on the shaft and connected with the outer shell, and the inner cavity is defined between the outer shell, the rear cover and the shaft; wherein the piston is located between the friction member and the rear cover, a side of the piston facing the friction member defines the first oil cavity with the outer shell, and a side of the piston away from the friction member defines the second oil cavity with the rear cover and a portion of the outer shell between the piston and the rear cover; the friction member is connected with the outer shell.

[0015] Optionally, the brake further comprises two rotary sealing rings, both of which are sleeved on the shaft, one rotary sealing ring is located between the shaft and the outer shell and is arranged away from the rear cover, and the other rotary sealing ring is located between the shaft and the rear cover; and / or one or more rotary bearings are arranged between the outer shell and the shaft, and the inner ring and the outer ring of the rotary bearing are rotatably connected with the shaft and the outer shell, respectively.

[0016] Optionally, the brake further comprises a retaining ring, an outer periphery of the retaining ring is clamped to an inner wall of the housing, an outer periphery of the rear cover is inserted into the housing, and an inner periphery of the retaining ring is clamped to the rear cover.

[0017] Optionally, the shaft member comprises a hub shaft, a shaft sleeve, and a lock nut, the shaft sleeve is sleeved on the hub shaft, and one end of the shaft sleeve abuts against the hub shaft; the lock nut is threadedly sleeved on the hub shaft, and one end of the lock nut abuts against the other end of the shaft sleeve; the shell member is rotatably sleeved on the hub shaft, and the friction member is connected to the shaft sleeve.

[0018] Optionally, the shaft member further comprises a lock screw, a rod portion of the lock screw is threadedly connected to the shaft sleeve after penetrating through the lock nut; and / or, the shaft sleeve is splined to the hub shaft.

[0019] Optionally, the friction member comprises a plurality of first friction plates and a plurality of second friction plates, the first friction plates are connected to the shell member, the second friction plates are connected to the shaft member, and the first friction plates and the second friction plates are sequentially arranged along an axial direction of the shaft member.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of strip-shaped grooves are arranged on an inner wall of the shell member facing the friction plates, an extension direction of the strip-shaped grooves is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft member, a side of the first friction plate close to the shell member is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the plurality of protrusions are respectively inserted into the plurality of strip-shaped grooves; and / or, the second friction plates are splined to the shaft member.

[0021] Optionally, the elastic member is a disc spring, an inner periphery of the elastic member abuts against the shell member, and an outer periphery of the elastic member abuts against the piston.

[0022] Optionally, a convex stopper is arranged on a side of the shell member facing the elastic member, and an inner ring of the elastic member is sleeved on the convex stopper.

[0023] Optionally, a rib is arranged on an outer peripheral surface of the shell member; and / or, the brake further comprises two pipe joints, and the two pipe joints are respectively arranged in the first oil hole and the second oil hole.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present application, a vehicle axle is provided, the vehicle axle comprising an axle housing, two half shafts, and the aforementioned brakes, the two half shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the axle housing; the two brakes are respectively arranged at the two ends of the axle housing, and the shell members are connected to the axle housing; wherein one end of each of the half shafts away from the axle housing is arranged in the shaft member of the brake adjacent to the half shaft, and is connected to the shaft member.

[0025] Optionally, the axle housing comprises a main body and two sleeves, the two sleeves are respectively arranged at two ends of the main body, one end of each of the sleeves is sleeved on the main body, and the other end of each of the sleeves is connected to the shell member of the brake adjacent to the sleeve.

[0026] Optionally, an outer peripheral surface of one end of the main body close to the sleeve and an outer peripheral surface of one end of the sleeve close to the main body jointly define a third annular groove, and the third annular groove is configured to mount a forklift mast.

[0027] Optionally, the axle further comprises two extension flanges, each of which is connected to an end of the outer circumferential surface of the axle housing and extends along the radial direction of the axle housing.

[0028] According to a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, which comprises the above-mentioned brake or the above-mentioned axle.

[0029] In the brake of the embodiments of the present application, the first oil hole and the first oil cavity are arranged, so that the piston is driven to move by the oil pressure and the restoring force of the elastic member together to realize the service brake of the vehicle. In this way, the service brake is more active and direct, and brake lag is avoided, and the piston moving speed can be improved by increasing the oil pressure to complete the service brake faster. In this way, the reliability of the brake can be improved.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0032] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings, wherein the same reference numerals in the following description represent the same parts.

[0033] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the brake provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the brake provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure; Figure 1 is a sectional view of A-A in

[0035] Figure 3 is a side view of the brake provided in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 4 is a sectional view of B-B in Figure 3

[0037] is a sectional view of B-B in Figure 5 Figure 3

[0038] Figure 6 is an enlarged view of D in Figure 2

[0039] Figure 7 ​​​is a structural schematic view of a first friction plate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0040] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of a housing provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of a second friction plate provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 10 is a structural schematic view of an axle provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 11 is a structural schematic view of an internal structure of an axle provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 12 is a structural schematic view of a housing provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 13 is a structural schematic view of an internal structure of a housing provided in the exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0047] 100 - brake; 11 - shaft; 111 - hub shaft; 112 - shaft sleeve; 113 - lock nut; 114 - lock screw;

[0048] 12 - housing; 121 - first oil hole; 122 - second oil hole; 123 - second surface; 124 - first ring groove; 125 - second end ring; 126 - housing; 1261 - convex stopper; 1262 - rib;

[0049] 127 - rear cover; 128 - strip-shaped groove; 129 - inner cavity;

[0050] 13 - friction member; 131 - first friction plate; 1311 - convex portion; 132 - second friction plate;

[0051] 14 - piston; 141 - first surface; 142 - first end ring; 143 - third surface; 144 - second ring groove;

[0052] 15 - elastic member;

[0053] 161 - first oil cavity; 162 - second oil cavity; 17 - first sealing ring; 18 - oil injection plug; 181 - oil injection hole; 19 - air permeation plug; 191 - air permeation hole;

[0054] 20 - rotary sealing ring; 21 - rotary bearing; 22 - retainer; 23 - pipe joint;

[0055] 300-Axle; 31-Axle housing; 311-Body; 312-Sleeve; 313-Third annular groove; 32-Half shaft; 33-Extension flange; 34-Flange; 35-Tire bolt; 36-Tire nut; 37-Connecting screw. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0057] The following combination Figures 1 to 13 The present application provides a detailed description of a brake 100, an axle 300, and a vehicle, as provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Please see Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Sectional view of AA, Figure 3 This is a side view of the brake 100 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view of BB, Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of CC. In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a brake 100. The brake 100 includes a shaft 11, a housing 12, a friction element 13, a piston 14, and an elastic element 15. The housing 12 is rotatably sleeved on the shaft 11 and defines an inner cavity 129 with the shaft 11. A first oil hole 121 and a second oil hole 122 are provided on the housing 12. The friction element 13 is disposed in the inner cavity 129, with a portion connected to the housing 12 and another portion connected to the shaft 11. The piston 14 is located in the inner cavity 129 and sleeved on the shaft 11. The piston 14 is located on one side of the friction element 13 along the axial direction of the shaft 11. Both ends of the elastic element 15 are connected to the piston 14 and the housing 12, respectively. A portion of the surface of the piston 14 facing the friction element 13 and a portion of the inner wall of the housing 12 define a first oil cavity 161. The first oil cavity 161 communicates with the first oil hole 121. A portion of the surface of the piston 14 facing away from the friction element 13 and a portion of the inner wall of the housing 12 define a second oil chamber 162. The second oil chamber 162 communicates with the second oil hole 122.

[0059] Specifically, the outer peripheral side of the piston 14 facing the surface of the friction member 13 and a portion of the inner wall of the housing 12 define a first oil chamber 161, and the outer peripheral side of the piston 14 away from the surface of the friction member 13 and a portion of the inner wall of the housing 12 define a second oil chamber 162.

[0060] It is understood that the friction element 13 includes a plurality of first friction plates 131 and a plurality of second friction plates 132. The first friction plates 131 are connected to the housing 12, and the second friction plates 132 are connected to the shaft 11. The first friction plates 131 and the second friction plates 132 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the shaft 11.

[0061] It is understood that the elastic element 15 can be a spring, such as a cylindrical helical compression spring, a disc spring, or a circular spring.

[0062] It is understood that when the brake 100 is applied to a vehicle, the half-shaft 32 is connected to the axle 11, and the wheel is connected to the half-shaft 32. The drive unit drives the half-shaft 32 to rotate through the reduction gearbox, thereby driving the axle 11 and the wheel to rotate.

[0063] It is understood that when the elastic element 15 is located on the side of the piston 14 away from the friction element 13, the elastic element 15 is in a compressed state under the vehicle's parking brake state. At this time, the connection between the two ends of the elastic element 15 and the piston 14 and the housing 12 is abutment. The deformation restoring force of the elastic element 15 pushes the piston 14 to press against the friction element 13, so that the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 press against each other, thereby increasing the resistance to the rotation of the shaft 11, thus preventing the half-shaft 32 connected to the shaft 11 from driving the wheel to rotate, thereby achieving parking brake.

[0064] It is understood that when the elastic element 15 is located on the side of the piston 14 near the friction element 13, the elastic element 15 is in a stretched state under the vehicle's parking brake condition. At this time, the connection between the two ends of the elastic element 15 and the piston 14 and the housing 12 is specifically a fixed connection. The deformation restoring force of the elastic element 15 pulls the piston 14 to press against the friction element 13, causing the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 to press against each other, thereby increasing the resistance to the rotation of the shaft 11, thus preventing the half-shaft 32 connected to the shaft 11 from driving the wheel to rotate, thereby achieving parking brake.

[0065] Specifically, the elastic element 15 is disposed on the side of the piston 14 away from the friction element 13. In this way, the elastic element 15 and the friction element 13 are disposed on both sides of the piston 14, so that each has sufficient arrangement space and the design difficulty of the brake 100 can be reduced.

[0066] It is understood that the first oil hole 121 and the second oil hole 122 are connected to the pipeline of the hydraulic control system. The hydraulic control system sends pressurized oil to the first oil chamber 161 and the second oil chamber 162 through the first oil hole 121 and the second oil hole 122, respectively. Alternatively, the oil in the first oil chamber 161 and the oil in the second oil chamber 162 can flow back to the oil tank of the hydraulic control system through the first oil hole 121 and the second oil hole 122, respectively.

[0067] When the vehicle changes from a parked state to a moving state, the parking brake is released first. Specifically, the hydraulic control system configured for the brake 100 supplies oil through the first oil hole 121. The oil enters the first oil chamber 161 through the first oil hole 121, thereby pushing the piston 14 away from the friction member 13. A gap is created between the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 of the friction member 13, thereby removing the resistance to the rotation of the axle, allowing the half-shaft 32 to drive the wheel and the axle to rotate. As the piston 14 moves away from the friction member 13, the volume of the second oil chamber 162 decreases, and the oil inside flows back to the oil tank of the hydraulic control system through the second oil hole 122.

[0068] When service braking is required, the hydraulic control system supplies oil through the second oil port 122. The oil enters the second oil chamber 162 through the second oil port 122, pushing the piston 14 towards the friction member 13. At this time, under the combined action of oil pressure and the restoring force of the elastic member 15, the piston 14 moves towards the friction member 13, causing the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 of the friction member 13 to press against each other. The speed of the shaft 11 decreases until it can no longer rotate. In this way, service braking deceleration and stopping are achieved. During braking, the driver can control the oil pressure and oil flow rate at the second oil port 122 by adjusting the pressure of the pedal, thereby controlling the degree of service braking. As the piston 14 moves towards the friction member 13, the volume of the first oil chamber 161 decreases, and the oil inside flows back to the oil tank of the hydraulic control system through the first oil port 121.

[0069] In this embodiment, by providing the first oil hole 121 and the first oil chamber 161, the piston 14 can be moved by the combined hydraulic pressure and the restoring force of the elastic element 15 to achieve vehicle service braking. This makes the service braking more proactive and direct, avoiding braking lag, and also allows for faster braking by increasing the piston 14's movement speed through increased hydraulic pressure. This improves the reliability of the brake 100, thereby enhancing driving safety.

[0070] Furthermore, when braking is achieved through hydraulic pressure, the driver can intuitively feel the strength and degree of braking through the pedal, thus improving the vehicle's handling.

[0071] In addition, in this embodiment, if the elastic element 15 fails, the vehicle can still be braked by hydraulic pressure, which is more reliable.

[0072] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4 In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft 11, the piston 14 has a first surface 141 facing the friction member 13. A first end ring 142 protrudes from the first surface 141. The housing 12 has a second surface 123 facing the piston 14. The second surface 123 is provided with a first annular groove 124. One end of the first end ring 142, away from the first surface 141, is inserted into the first annular groove 124. A first oil cavity 161 is defined between the first end ring 142 and the inner wall of the first annular groove 124.

[0073] Specifically, the first end ring 142 is disposed on the side of the first surface 141 away from the shaft 11, and the first annular groove 124 is disposed on the side of the second surface 123 away from the shaft 11. In this way, the first annular groove 124 and the first end ring 142 can have a large circumferential dimension, which is conducive to increasing the oil intake of the first oil chamber 161, thereby helping to improve the speed of service braking and reduce the service braking response time.

[0074] In this embodiment, by defining the first oil chamber 161 as described above, the fit structure between the housing 12 and the piston 14 is simple and easy to manufacture, and the oil flow is smooth, making it easy to control the movement of the piston 14.

[0075] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4 In some embodiments, two first sealing rings 17 are provided between the inner wall of the first annular groove 124 and the first end ring 142. The first oil hole 121 communicates with the portion of the first annular groove 124 located between the two first sealing rings 17. In this way, the first oil cavity 161 can be sealed by the first sealing rings 17, and the sealing cost is low and it is easy to assemble.

[0076] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4 In some embodiments, a first sealing ring 17 is disposed between the outer peripheral groove wall of the first annular groove 124 and the outer peripheral surface of the first end ring 142. Another first sealing ring 17 is disposed between the inner peripheral groove wall of the first ring and the inner peripheral surface of the first end ring 142. This allows for a larger space in the first oil chamber 161 formed between the piston 14 and the housing 12, which facilitates increasing the oil intake of the first oil chamber 161, thereby improving the speed of vehicle braking and shortening the vehicle braking response time.

[0077] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4In some embodiments, along the axial direction of the shaft 11, the piston 14 has a third surface 143 facing away from the friction member 13. The third surface 143 is provided with a second annular groove 144. The housing 12 has a second end ring 125 protruding from the portion facing the second annular groove 144. The second end ring 125 is inserted into the second annular groove 144. A second oil cavity 162 is defined between the inner wall of the second annular groove 144 and the second end ring 125.

[0078] Specifically, the second annular groove 144 is disposed on the side of the first surface 141 away from the shaft 11, and the second end ring 125 is disposed on the side of the second surface 123 away from the shaft 11. This allows the second annular groove 144 and the second end ring 125 to have larger circumferential dimensions, which helps to reduce the radial and axial dimensions of the second oil cavity 162, thereby controlling the structural dimensions of the brake 100 and facilitating its miniaturization design.

[0079] In this embodiment, by defining the second oil chamber 162 as described above, the fit structure between the housing 12 and the piston 14 is simple and easy to manufacture, and the oil flow is smooth, making it easy to control the movement of the piston 14.

[0080] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4 In some embodiments, the second annular groove 144 is a stepped groove. The second annular groove 144 is disposed on the outer periphery of the third surface 143. The second oil hole 122 communicates with the outer periphery of the second annular groove 144. In this way, the structure of the second annular groove 144 is simple, thereby reducing the machining difficulty of the piston 14 and improving the machining efficiency of the piston 14.

[0081] Please see Figure 3 or Figure 4 A first sealing ring 17 is provided between the piston 14 and the housing 12, sealing the inner and outer circumferential sides of the second annular groove 144. Thus, the second oil chamber 162 can be sealed by the first sealing ring 17, with low sealing cost and easy assembly.

[0082] Specifically, the outer peripheral wall of the first annular groove 124 is coplanar with the outer peripheral surface of the second end ring 125, that is, the side of the second annular groove 144 away from the shaft body is connected to the first annular groove 124. In this way, the first sealing ring 17 provided on the outer peripheral wall of the first annular groove 124 can seal both the outer peripheral side of the first oil cavity 161 and the outer peripheral side of the first oil cavity 161, thereby reducing the number of sealing rings in the brake 100 and reducing the component cost of the brake 100.

[0083] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2In some embodiments, the brake 100 further includes an oil filler plug 18. An oil filler hole 181 is provided on the housing 12. The oil filler hole 181 communicates with the inner cavity 129. The oil filler plug 18 is installed in the oil filler hole 181.

[0084] In this way, lubricating oil can be added to the inner cavity 129 through the oil injection hole 181 to facilitate the normal operation of the friction component 13.

[0085] It is understood that the housing 12 is fitted with the shaft 11 through the rotating bearing 21. Adding lubricating oil to the inner cavity 129 can also improve the lubricity of the rotating bearing 21, enabling the rotating bearing 21 to work stably for a long time.

[0086] Specifically, the oil filling plug 18 is a screw plug, which is threadedly connected to the oil filling hole 181.

[0087] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the brake 100 further includes a vent plug 19. A vent hole 191 is provided on the housing 12. The vent hole 191 communicates with the inner cavity 129. The vent plug 19 is installed in the vent hole 191.

[0088] It is understandable that the shaft 11 will rotate at high speed relative to the housing 12, thereby generating frictional heat. Frictional heat is also generated when the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 of the friction element 13 rub against each other. This will cause the oil in the inner cavity 129 to vaporize, increasing the pressure in the inner cavity 129.

[0089] Based on this, in this embodiment, a vent plug 19 is provided so that when there is a lot of gas in the inner cavity 129 and the pressure increases, hot gas can be discharged through the vent plug 19 to balance the pressure in the inner cavity 129 and improve the reliability of the brake 100.

[0090] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the housing 12 includes an outer shell 126 and a rear cover 127. The outer shell 126 is rotatably sleeved on the shaft 11. The rear cover 127 is rotatably sleeved on the shaft 11 and connected to the outer shell 126. An inner cavity 129 is defined between the outer shell 126, the rear cover 127, and the shaft 11. A piston 14 is located between the friction member 13 and the rear cover 127. The side of the piston 14 facing the friction member 13 and the outer shell 126 defines a first oil chamber 161. The side of the piston 14 away from the friction member 13 and the portion of the rear cover 127 and the outer shell 126 located between the piston 14 and the rear cover 127 define a second oil chamber 162. The friction member 13 is connected to the outer shell 126. This design makes the overall structure of the housing 12 simple and easy to assemble.

[0091] It is understood that the first friction plate 131 of the friction component 13 is connected to the outer casing 126.

[0092] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, the brake 100 further includes a rotary seal 20. There are two rotary seals 20. Both rotary seals 20 are fitted onto the shaft 11. One rotary seal 20 is located between the shaft 11 and the housing 126, and is disposed away from the rear cover 127. The other rotary seal 20 is located between the shaft 11 and the rear cover 127.

[0093] In this embodiment, by providing a rotary sealing ring 20, good sealing performance can be achieved between the outer casing 126 and the shaft 11, and between the rear cover 127 and the shaft 11. This also reduces wear and friction when the shaft 11 rotates relative to the outer casing 126 and the rear cover 127. Thus, the reliability of the brake 100 can be improved.

[0094] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, one or more rotary bearings 21 are provided between the housing 126 and the shaft 11. The inner and outer rings of the rotary bearings 21 are rotatably engaged with the shaft 11 and the housing 126, respectively. In this way, the housing 126 can be radially fixed relative to the shaft 11, and the frictional force during relative rotation between the housing 126 and the shaft 11 can be reduced.

[0095] For example, there are two rotating bearings 21, which can improve the stress state between the housing 126 and the shaft 11 and improve the uniformity of stress distribution.

[0096] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the brake 100 further includes a retaining ring 22. The outer peripheral side of the retaining ring 22 is snapped onto the inner wall of the housing 126. The outer peripheral side of the rear cover 127 is inserted into the housing 126. The inner peripheral side of the retaining ring 22 is snapped into the rear cover 127. This makes the connection structure between the rear cover 127 and the housing 126 simple and easy to operate.

[0097] Specifically, the retaining ring 22 is an open elastic retaining ring 22.

[0098] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 6 , Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view at point D. In some embodiments, the shaft 11 includes a hub shaft 111, a bushing 112, and a locking nut 113. The bushing 112 is fitted onto the hub shaft 111. One end of the bushing 112 abuts against the hub shaft 111. The locking nut 113 is threaded onto the hub shaft 111. One end of the locking nut 113 abuts against the other end of the bushing 112. The housing 12 is rotatably fitted onto the hub shaft 111. The friction element 13 is connected to the bushing 112. Thus, the portion of the shaft 11 that connects to the half-shaft 32 and the portion that connects to the friction element 13 are separately provided, allowing for separate processing, thereby reducing processing difficulty and improving manufacturing efficiency.

[0099] It is understandable that the second friction plate 132 of the friction component 13 is connected to the bushing 112.

[0100] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the shaft 11 further includes a locking screw 114. The end of the shank of the locking screw 114 passes through the locking nut 113 and is threaded into the bushing 112. This improves the stability of the locking nut 113, effectively preventing the locking nut 113 from rotating and loosening, thereby improving the structural stability of the brake 100 and enhancing its reliability.

[0101] In some embodiments, the bushing 112 is splinedly connected to the hub shaft 111. This increases the load that can be transmitted between the bushing 112 and the hub shaft 111, and also increases the transmission efficiency between the bushing 112 and the hub shaft 111.

[0102] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the friction element 13 includes a plurality of first friction plates 131 and a plurality of second friction plates 132. The first friction plates 131 are connected to the housing 12. The second friction plates 132 are connected to the shaft 11. The first friction plates 131 and the second friction plates 132 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the shaft 11. This makes the friction element 13 simple in structure and easy to manufacture.

[0103] Specifically, the first friction plate 131 is a steel plate, and the second friction plate 132 is a plate with anti-slip texture on its surface, such as an asbestos board, a metal fiber and graphite composite plate, etc.

[0104] Specifically, the first friction plate 131 is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 126, and the second friction plate 132 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the bushing 112.

[0105] It is understandable that, during use, the parking braking force can be adjusted by selecting different numbers of the first friction plate 131 and the second friction plate 132 as needed.

[0106] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first friction plate 131 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the housing 126 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. In some embodiments, a plurality of strip grooves 128 are provided on the inner wall of the housing 12 facing the friction pad. The extending direction of the strip grooves 128 is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft 11. A plurality of protrusions 1311 are provided on the side of the first friction pad 131 near the housing 12. The plurality of protrusions 1311 are respectively inserted into the plurality of strip grooves 128. In this way, the first friction pad 131 can be detachably connected to the housing 12, which is beneficial to improve assembly efficiency and subsequent maintenance, and the first friction pad 131 can be fixed to the housing 12 in the circumferential direction.

[0107] Specifically, the strip groove 128 is provided on the inner wall of the outer casing 126.

[0108] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second friction plate 132 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the second friction plate 132 is splinedly connected to the shaft 11. In this way, the load that can be transmitted between the second friction plate 132 and the shaft 11 can be increased, thereby improving the synchronization between the shaft 11 and the second friction plate 132.

[0109] Specifically, the second friction plate 132 is splinedly connected to the bushing 112 of the shaft 11.

[0110] Please see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the elastic element 15 is a disc spring. The inner peripheral side of the elastic element 15 abuts against the housing 12. The outer peripheral side of the elastic element 15 abuts against the piston 14.

[0111] It is understandable that disc springs have small axial dimensions, stable stiffness, and good overall integrity. The preload of a disc spring during assembly can be fully converted into parking braking force, resulting in high braking efficiency.

[0112] It is understandable that, during use, the parking braking force can be adjusted by selecting disc springs of different stiffness and in different numbers, as needed.

[0113] Please see Figure 6 In some embodiments, the housing 12 has a raised stop 1261 on the side facing the elastic member 15. The inner ring of the elastic member 15 is fitted into the raised stop 1261. This increases the mating surface between the housing 12 and the elastic member 15, thereby radially positioning the elastic member 15 and improving the coaxiality of the elastic member 15 relative to the piston 14, thus improving the force symmetry between the housing 12 and the piston 14.

[0114] Specifically, the convex stop 1261 is provided on the side of the rear cover 127 facing the inner cavity 129.

[0115] Please see Figure 1In some embodiments, ribs 1262 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 12. In this way, on the one hand, the structural strength of the housing 12 can be improved, which is conducive to improving the load-bearing capacity of the brake 100; on the other hand, the surface area of ​​the housing 12 can be increased by the ribs 1262, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the brake 100.

[0116] Specifically, the rib 1262 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 126.

[0117] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, the brake 100 further includes two pipe joints 23. The two pipe joints 23 are respectively disposed in the first oil hole 121 and the second oil hole 122. It is understood that the end of the pipe joint 23 away from the housing 126 is connected to the pipeline of the hydraulic control system.

[0118] In this embodiment, by providing the pipe joint 23, the ease of operation of the pipeline connection between the brake 100 and the hydraulic control system and the convenience of subsequent maintenance can be improved.

[0119] Please see Figure 10 and Figure 11 , Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axle 300 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the axle 300 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide an axle 300. The axle 300 includes an axle housing 31, half-shafts 32, and the aforementioned brakes 100. There are two half-shafts 32. The two half-shafts 32 are respectively disposed at both ends of the axle housing 31. There are two brakes 100. The two brakes 100 are respectively disposed at both ends of the axle housing 31. A housing 12 is connected to the axle housing 31. The end of the half-shaft 32 away from the axle housing 31 passes through the shaft 11 of the adjacent brake 100 and is connected to the shaft 11.

[0120] Specifically, the half-shaft 32 passes through the hub shaft 111 and is splinedly connected to the hub shaft 111. The end of the connecting screw 37 passes through the flange 34 of the half-shaft 32 and is threadedly connected to the flange 34 at the end of the hub shaft 111.

[0121] The wheel-side reduction mechanism of the axle 300 provided in the embodiments of this application has few parts, simple structure, easy processing and low cost, and will not produce phenomena such as oil dirt and high oil temperature caused by iron filings due to gear transmission wear, making it especially suitable for small tonnage forklifts.

[0122] The axle 300 includes the aforementioned brake 100, and the axle 300 has all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned brake 100, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] Please see Figure 12 and Figure 13 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bridge housing 31 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the axle housing 31 provided in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the axle housing 31 includes a body 311 and two sleeves 312. The two sleeves 312 are respectively disposed at both ends of the body 311. One end of the sleeve 312 is sleeved with the body 311, and the other end is connected to the housing 12 of the adjacent brake 100. In this way, when the axle housing 31 is configured as multiple segments, each part can be processed separately, thereby reducing the processing difficulty of the axle housing 31 and improving processing efficiency.

[0124] In addition, the sleeve 312 is fitted onto the body 311, which allows the sleeve 312 to bear the tire's reaction force and the brake torque of the brake 100, thereby reducing the stress on the body 311 and improving the structural load-bearing capacity of the axle housing 31.

[0125] Specifically, the bridge shell 31 is a cast steel welded component.

[0126] For example, the sleeve 312 has a flange 34 at the end near the brake 100, and the housing 126 has a flange 34 at the end near the sleeve 312. The two flanges 34 are connected by bolts, thereby fixing the housing 126 to the sleeve 312.

[0127] Please see Figure 13 In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the body 311 near the sleeve 312 and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 312 near the body 311 together define a third annular groove 313. The third annular groove 313 is configured to mount the forklift mast. In this way, the weight of the forklift mast is borne by the sleeve 312, thereby reducing the stress on the body 311 and improving the structural load-bearing capacity of the axle housing 31.

[0128] Please see Figure 12 In some embodiments, the axle 300 further includes extension flanges 33. There are two extension flanges 33, each connected to one end of the outer peripheral surface of the axle housing 31 and extending radially along the axle housing 31. This allows for the installation of high-power, long motors on the axle 300, facilitating the fulfillment of heavy-load requirements for the vehicle.

[0129] According to a third aspect of this application, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle including the aforementioned brake 100 or the aforementioned axle 300.

[0130] The vehicle can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, etc., and this disclosure does not specifically limit it. It is understood that the brake 100 can also be installed separately on the frame to realize the braking of the non-drive front wheels of rear-axle driven forklifts or other industrial vehicles.

[0131] For example, the vehicle is a forklift.

[0132] Specifically, a raised stop 1261 is provided at the end of the wheel hub 111 near the tire, and a portion of the tire is fitted onto the raised stop 1261. The end of the shank of the tire bolt 35 passes through the flange 34 at the end of the wheel hub 111 and the tire, and is threaded to the tire nut 36, thereby fixing the tire to the side of the brake 100 away from the axle housing 31.

[0133] The vehicle uses a brake 100 that has both parking brake and service brake functions. When there is no intervention, the brake 100 automatically enters the parking brake state, which can avoid the danger of forgetting to operate the parking brake. When driving, the brake can be automatically released, which is safe and reliable.

[0134] In addition, the brake 100 used in this vehicle is significantly smaller in size than the drum brake 100, allowing for the installation of small-diameter wheels. This lowers the vehicle's center of gravity and reduces the forklift's front overhang, thus improving the forklift's overall performance.

[0135] The largest vehicle includes the aforementioned axle 300 or the aforementioned brake 100, and the vehicle has all the beneficial effects of the aforementioned axle 300 and brake 100, which will not be repeated here.

[0136] In the description of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0137] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0138] The embodiments, implementation methods, and related technical features of this application can be combined and substituted for each other without conflict.

[0139] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this application without departing from the scope of the technical solution of this application shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this application.

Claims

1. A brake (100), characterized in that, include: Shaft (11); The shell (12) is rotatably sleeved on the shaft (11) and defines an inner cavity (129) with the shaft (11). The shell (12) is provided with a first oil hole (121) and a second oil hole (122). A friction element (13) is disposed in the inner cavity (129), a part of the friction element (13) is connected to the shell (12), and another part is connected to the shaft (11); A piston (14) is located in the inner cavity (129) and sleeved on the shaft (11); and, The elastic element (15) is connected at both ends to the piston (14) and the shell (12) respectively; The piston (14) has a portion of its surface facing the friction member (13) and a portion of the inner wall of the housing (12) defining a first oil cavity (161), which is connected to the first oil hole (121). The piston (14) has a portion of its surface facing away from the friction member (13) and a portion of the inner wall of the housing (12) defining a second oil cavity (162), which is connected to the second oil hole (122).

2. The brake (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the shaft (11), the piston (14) has a first surface (141) facing the friction member (13), the first surface (141) is provided with a first end ring (142), and the housing (12) has a second surface (123) facing the piston (14), the second surface (123) is provided with a first annular groove (124); The end of the first end ring (142) away from the first surface (141) is inserted into the first ring groove (124); The first oil cavity (161) is defined by the inner walls of the first end ring (142) and the first ring groove (124).

3. The brake (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two first sealing rings (17) are provided between the inner wall of the first annular groove (124) and the first end ring (142), and the first oil hole (121) is connected to the part of the first annular groove (124) located between the two first sealing rings (17).

4. The brake (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that, One of the first sealing rings (17) is disposed between the outer peripheral groove wall of the first ring groove (124) and the outer peripheral surface of the first end ring (142), and the other of the first sealing rings (17) is disposed between the inner peripheral groove wall of the first end ring and the inner peripheral surface of the first end ring (142).

5. The brake (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the shaft (11), the piston (14) has a third surface (143) facing away from the friction member (13), the third surface (143) is provided with a second annular groove (144), and the housing (12) has a second end ring (125) protruding towards the second annular groove (144), the second end ring (125) being inserted into the second annular groove (144); The inner wall of the second annular groove (144) and the second end ring (125) define the second oil cavity (162).

6. The brake (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second annular groove (144) is a stepped groove, and is located on the outer periphery of the third surface (143). The second oil hole (122) communicates with the outer periphery of the second annular groove (144); and / or, A first sealing ring (17) is provided between the piston (14) and the housing (12), and the first sealing ring (17) seals the inner and outer circumferential sides of the second annular groove (144).

7. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The brake (100) also includes an oil filler plug (18), and an oil filler hole (181) is provided on the housing (12). The oil filler hole (181) communicates with the inner cavity (129), and the oil filler plug (18) is installed in the oil filler hole (181).

8. The brake (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that, The brake (100) also includes a vent plug (19), and a vent hole (191) is provided on the housing (12). The vent hole (191) communicates with the inner cavity (129), and the vent plug (19) is installed in the vent hole (191).

9. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The housing (12) includes: The outer casing (126) is rotatably fitted onto the shaft (11); and, The rear cover (127) is rotatably sleeved on the shaft (11) and connected to the outer shell (126). The inner cavity (129) is defined between the outer shell (126), the rear cover (127) and the shaft (11). The piston (14) is located between the friction member (13) and the rear cover (127). The side of the piston (14) facing the friction member (13) and the outer shell (126) define the first oil chamber (161). The side of the piston (14) away from the friction member (13) and the portion of the rear cover (127) and the outer shell (126) located between the piston (14) and the rear cover (127) define the second oil chamber (162). The friction element (13) is connected to the outer shell (126).

10. The brake (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The brake (100) further includes two rotary sealing rings (20), both of which are sleeved on the shaft (11). One rotary sealing ring (20) is located between the shaft (11) and the outer casing (126), and is positioned away from the rear cover (127). The other rotary sealing ring (20) is located between the shaft (11) and the rear cover (127); and / or, One or more rotary bearings (21) are provided between the outer shell (126) and the shaft (11), and the inner and outer rings of the rotary bearings (21) are respectively rotatably engaged with the shaft (11) and the outer shell (126).

11. The brake (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that, The brake (100) also includes a retaining ring (22), the outer peripheral side of which is engaged with the inner wall of the housing (126), the outer peripheral side of the rear cover (127) is inserted into the housing (126), and the inner peripheral side of the retaining ring (22) is engaged with the rear cover (127).

12. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The shaft (11) includes a hub shaft (111), a bushing (112), and a locking nut (113). The bushing (112) is sleeved on the hub shaft (111), and one end of the bushing (112) abuts against the hub shaft (111). The locking nut (113) is threaded onto the hub shaft (111), and one end of the locking nut (113) abuts against the other end of the bushing (112). The shell (12) is rotatably sleeved on the hub shaft (111), and the friction element (13) is connected to the bushing (112).

13. The brake (100) according to claim 12, characterized in that, The shaft (11) further includes a locking screw (114), the end of which passes through the locking nut (113) and is threadedly connected to the bushing (112); and / or, The bushing (112) is splinedly connected to the hub shaft (111).

14. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The friction element (13) includes a plurality of first friction plates (131) and a plurality of second friction plates (132). The first friction plates (131) are connected to the housing (12), and the second friction plates (132) are connected to the shaft (11). The first friction plates (131) and the second friction plates (132) are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the shaft (11).

15. The brake (100) according to claim 14, characterized in that, A plurality of strip grooves (128) are provided on the inner wall of the housing (12) facing the friction plate. The extending direction of the strip grooves (128) is parallel to the axial direction of the shaft (11). A plurality of protrusions (1311) are provided on the side of the first friction plate (131) near the housing (12). The plurality of protrusions (1311) are respectively inserted into the plurality of strip grooves (128); and / or, The second friction plate (132) is splinedly connected to the shaft (11).

16. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The elastic element (15) is a disc spring. The inner circumference of the elastic element (15) abuts against the shell (12), and the outer circumference of the elastic element (15) abuts against the piston (14).

17. The brake (100) according to claim 16, characterized in that, The shell (12) has a protruding stop (1261) on the side facing the elastic member (15), and the inner ring of the elastic member (15) is fitted onto the protruding stop (1261).

18. The brake (100) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Ribs (1262) are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shell (12); and / or, The brake (100) also includes two pipe joints (23), which are respectively disposed in the first oil hole (121) and the second oil hole (122).

19. An axle (300), characterized in that, include: Bridge shell (31); Two half-shafts (32) are respectively inserted at both ends of the bridge housing (31); and, The brake (100) as described in any one of claims 1-18, wherein there are two brakes (100), the two brakes (100) are respectively disposed at both ends of the axle housing (31), and the housing (12) is connected to the axle housing (31); The half-shaft (32) is located away from the bridge housing (31) at one end, which is inserted into the shaft (11) of the adjacent brake (100) and connected to the shaft (11).

20. The axle (300) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The bridge housing (31) includes a body (311) and two sleeves (312). The two sleeves (312) are respectively disposed at both ends of the body (311). One end of the sleeve (312) is sleeved with the body (311), and the other end is connected to the housing (12) of the adjacent brake (100).

21. The axle (300) according to claim 20, characterized in that, The outer peripheral surface of the body (311) near the end of the sleeve (312) and the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve (312) near the end of the body (311) together define a third annular groove (313), which is configured to mount a forklift mast.

22. The axle (300) according to claim 19, characterized in that, The axle (300) also includes two extension flanges (33), which are respectively connected to the two ends of the outer peripheral surface of the axle housing (31) and extend radially along the axle housing (31).

23. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the brake (100) as described in any one of claims 1-18 or the axle (300) as described in any one of claims 19-22.

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