Upsetting device for soft magnetic part
By designing the mold hole structure of the upsetting device and the multi-step shaping and punching process, the problem of low precision in cold upsetting molds for soft magnetic parts was solved, achieving high-precision and high-efficiency production of soft magnetic parts and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423011883.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-30
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-06
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the cold heading die for soft magnetic parts has low processing precision, resulting in a large deviation between the diameter of the small diameter section after diameter reduction and the expected diameter, as well as low material utilization and processing efficiency.
The first preforming mold using an upsetting device is designed with a combination of large-diameter die hole sections, fixed-diameter die hole sections, gradient die hole sections, and small-diameter die hole sections. The small-diameter cylindrical section of the target diameter is formed by upsetting. The gradual shaping and punching of multiple molds improves processing accuracy and material utilization.
It improves the cold heading precision of soft magnetic parts, reduces material waste, lowers production costs, and increases processing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN223733749U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application relates to the technical field of soft magnetic material processing, in particular to a upsetting device for a soft magnetic part. BACKGROUND
[0002] The soft magnetic part is a core component of an electromagnetic valve, and part of the soft magnetic part comprises a large-diameter cylindrical section and a small-diameter cylindrical section arranged along an axial direction. At present, most of the soft magnetic parts are generally machined, that is, the soft magnetic bar material is cut according to the product length size, and then a numerical control machine tool is used to machine the soft magnetic bar material. When the soft magnetic part is produced by machining, the material yield of the raw material is about 40%, that is, most of the raw material needs to be processed and removed, and the material loss leads to a relatively high cost, and in addition, the machining efficiency is relatively low.
[0003] The inventor knows that the cold upsetting process for processing the soft magnetic material can effectively improve the utilization rate of the soft magnetic material, but part of the soft magnetic part has a large-diameter section and a small-diameter section, and the raw material needs to be processed by reducing the diameter. When the diameter is reduced, the machining precision of the existing cold upsetting die is low, and the diameter of the small-diameter section after the diameter is reduced is greatly deviated from the expected diameter of the small-diameter section. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL
[0004] The purpose of the application is to improve the cold upsetting machining precision of the soft magnetic part. In order to achieve this purpose, the application provides a upsetting device for a soft magnetic part.
[0005] The application provides a upsetting device for a soft magnetic part, which comprises a first preforming die. The first preforming die comprises a die body, and the die body is provided with a die hole. The die hole of the first preforming die comprises at least a large-diameter die hole section, a constant-diameter die hole section, a gradually-changing die hole section, and a small-diameter die hole section arranged along an axial direction. The gradually-changing die hole section connects the constant-diameter die hole section and the small-diameter die hole section, and the constant-diameter die hole section connects the gradually-changing die hole section and the large-diameter die hole section. The inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section is greater than the inner diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section, the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section is greater than the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section, and the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section is greater than the inner diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section.
[0006] The upsetting device for a soft magnetic part provided by the above technical solution is used for upsetting the soft magnetic material in the die hole of the first preforming die. The soft magnetic material can be reduced in diameter and enter the gradually-changing die hole section and the small-diameter die hole section under the constraint of the side wall of the constant-diameter die hole section. The gradually-changing die hole section and the constant-diameter die hole section are arranged in cooperation to form a small-diameter cylindrical section with a target diameter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0007] Figure 1 The first preforming die of the upsetting device for a soft magnetic part provided by an embodiment of the application is shown in the schematic view.
[0008] Figure 2 The first preforming die of the upsetting device for a soft magnetic part provided by an embodiment of the application is shown in the schematic view. Figure 1 The first preforming die of the upsetting device for a soft magnetic part provided by an embodiment of the application is shown in the schematic view.
[0009] Figure 3 for Figure 1 a schematic view of a product formed by the first preforming die in
[0010] Figure 4 a schematic view of a piercing die of the upsetting device for soft magnetic pieces provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0011] Figure 5 for Figure 3 a schematic view of a product in Figure 4 after being pierced by the piercing die in
[0012] Figure 6 a schematic view of a first sizing die of the upsetting device for soft magnetic pieces provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0013] Figure 7 for Figure 3 a schematic view of a product in Figure 6 after being sized by the first sizing die in
[0014] Figure 8 a schematic view of a second sizing die of the upsetting device for soft magnetic pieces provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0015] Figure 9 for Figure 3 a schematic view of a product in Figure 8 after being sized by the second sizing die in
[0016] Figure 10 a schematic view of a third sizing die of the upsetting device for soft magnetic pieces provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0017] Figure 11 for Figure 3 a schematic view of a product in Figure 10 after being sized by the third sizing die in
[0018] Figure 12 a schematic view of a second preforming die of the upsetting device for soft magnetic pieces provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0019] Figure 13 for a soft magnetic bar in Figure 12 after being preformed in the second preforming die in
[0020] The reference signs are explained as follows:
[0021] 100 second preforming die, A1 large-diameter preforming hole section, A2 chamfered preforming hole section, A3 small-diameter preforming hole section;
[0022] 200 first preforming die, B1 large-diameter die hole section, B2 chamfered hole section, B3 sizing die hole section, B4 gradual change die hole section, B5 small-diameter die hole section;
[0023] 300 third sizing die, C1 third large-diameter sizing hole section, C2 third chamfered sizing hole section, C3 third small-diameter sizing hole section;
[0024] 400 second sizing die, D1 second large-diameter sizing hole section, D2 second chamfered sizing hole section, D3 second small-diameter sizing hole section;
[0025] 500 first sizing die, E1 first large-diameter sizing hole section, E2 first chamfered sizing hole section, E3 first small-diameter sizing hole section;
[0026] 600 piercing die, F1 large-diameter hole section, F2 chamfered hole section, F3 small-diameter hole section;
[0027] 11 upper die body, 12 lower die body, 13 first upsetting rod, 14 second upsetting rod.
[0028] 01 large-diameter cylindrical section, 02 small-diameter cylindrical section, 03 chamfered section, 04 valve seat hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.
[0030] Reference Figure 1 The upsetting device for the soft magnetic piece provided by the present application comprises a first preforming die 200, and the first preforming die 200 comprises a die body, a first upsetting rod 13 and a second upsetting rod 14, and the die body is provided with a die hole. In the illustrated embodiment, the die body of the first preforming die 200 comprises an upper die body 11 and a lower die body 12, the lower surface of the upper die body 11 and the upper surface of the lower die body 12 are attached, and the die hole penetrates from the upper surface of the upper die body 11 to the lower surface of the lower die body 12.
[0031] As Figure 1As shown, the die hole of the first preforming die 200 at least includes a large-diameter die hole section B1, a constant-diameter die hole section B3, a gradual-change die hole section B4, and a small-diameter die hole section B5 arranged along the axial direction, wherein the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1 is larger than that of the small-diameter die hole section B5, the diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section B3 is smaller than that of the small-diameter die hole section B5, the gradual-change die hole section B4 connects the constant-diameter die hole section B3 and the small-diameter die hole section B5, and the constant-diameter die hole section B3 connects the gradual-change die hole section B4 and the large-diameter die hole section B1; the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1 is larger than that of the constant-diameter die hole section B3, the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1 is larger than that of the small-diameter die hole section B5, and the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5 is larger than that of the constant-diameter die hole section B3. In the present application, “connection” includes “direct connection” and “indirect connection”. In addition, the “cold upsetting” in the present application can include non-heating upsetting, appropriate heating upsetting to the recrystallization temperature of the raw material or below, and is not limited to non-heating upsetting.
[0032] As shown in detail, Figure 2 As shown in detail, the gradual-change die hole section B4 has a first end B41 and a second end B42 along the axial direction, the inner diameter of the first end B41 is smaller than that of the second end B42; the constant-diameter die hole section B3 connects the first end B41 of the gradual-change die hole section B4, and the small-diameter die hole section B5 connects the second end B42 of the gradual-change die hole section B4; the large-diameter die hole section B1 connects one end of the constant-diameter die hole section B3 away from the gradual-change die hole section B4; at least part of the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1 is larger than that of the constant-diameter die hole section B3, and at least part of the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5 is larger than that of the constant-diameter die hole section B3. In the illustrated embodiment, a chamfered forming hole section B2 is further arranged between the large-diameter die hole section B1 and the constant-diameter die hole section B3, the diameter of the chamfered forming hole section B2 gradually decreases from the large-diameter die hole section B1 to the constant-diameter die hole section B3, and the chamfered forming hole section B2 is not limited to the illustrated arc-shaped hole section. In the illustrated embodiment, a gradual-expansion lead-in hole section is further arranged at one end of the large-diameter die hole section B1 away from the constant-diameter die hole section B3 and at one end of the small-diameter die hole section B5 away from the constant-diameter die hole section B3 to guide the first upsetting rod 13 and the second upsetting rod 14 into the large-diameter die hole section B1 and the small-diameter die hole section B5, respectively.
[0033] The first upsetting rod 13 of the first preforming die 200 includes a first fitting section (indicated by M1 in the figure) adapted to the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the first preforming die 200 includes a second fitting section (indicated by N1 in the figure) adapted to the small-diameter die hole section B5. Specifically, the difference between the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1 and the diameter of the first fitting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 mm±0.01, and the difference between the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5 and the diameter of the second fitting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 mm±0.01.
[0034] The upsetting device can produce a soft magnetic blank, and the specific process is that the first upsetting rod 13 and the second upsetting rod 14 of the first preforming die 200 upset the preheated soft magnetic material in the die hole of the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After the upsetting production, finishing is performed, so that compared with the machining production of the soft magnetic part, the material loss is reduced, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the processing efficiency is improved.
[0035] The upsetting device of the soft magnetic part is provided with the sizing die hole section B3 between the large-diameter die hole section B1 and the small-diameter die hole section B5 of the first preforming die 200, the diameter of the sizing die hole section B3 is smaller than that of the small-diameter die hole section B5, the sizing die hole section B3 and the small-diameter die hole section B5 are provided with the gradual change die hole section B4, the diameter of the gradual change die hole section B4 gradually increases from the sizing die hole section B3 to the small-diameter die hole section B5, and the soft magnetic material in the die hole of the first preforming die 200 is upset. The soft magnetic material can be reduced in diameter under the constraint of the side wall of the sizing die hole section B3 and gradually enter the small-diameter die hole section B5 along the side wall of the gradual change die hole section B4, and then gradually form the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 (see Figure 3 ) under the constraint of the side wall of the small-diameter die hole section B5. The cold contraction diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 is basically the same as the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5, and the cold contraction diameter is basically the same as the diameter of the sizing die hole section B3. In this way, the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 with the target diameter is formed, avoiding the problem that the formed small-diameter cylindrical section 02 is smaller than the target diameter due to cold contraction, and improving the processing precision of cold upsetting and reducing diameter.
[0036] Specifically, the end of the sizing die hole section B3 connected to the large-diameter die hole section B1 can be provided with a round corner R, so that the material can smoothly pass through the end of the sizing die hole section B3 close to the large-diameter die hole section B1 during upsetting, avoiding that the material is scratched by the end of the sizing die hole section B3 close to the large-diameter die hole section B1. Specifically, the radius of the round corner R should not be too large, otherwise it is not conducive to material forming. It is appropriate that the radius is less than or equal to 1mm.
[0037] The upsetting device is mainly used for upsetting soft magnetic parts. The soft magnetic part has at least a large-diameter cylindrical section 01 and a small-diameter cylindrical section 02, and the outer diameter of the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 is larger than that of the small-diameter cylindrical section 02. Even in the cold upsetting process of the soft magnetic valve seat with multiple sections of different outer diameters. For soft magnetic parts with multiple sections of different outer diameters, the blank needs to be reduced in diameter during cold upsetting. As described above, the gradual change die hole section B4 cooperates with the sizing die hole section B3, which can realize the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 with a small difference from the expected diameter during the reduction in diameter, and improve the processing precision.
[0038] Specifically, the axial height of the sizing die hole section B3 is preferably less than the axial height of the small-diameter die hole section B5. More specifically, the ratio X of the axial height of the sizing die hole section B3 to the diameter of the sizing die hole section B3 is preferably in the range of 10%≤X≤13.5%. In this range, the side wall of the sizing die hole section B3 is prevented from being deformed by stress during the upsetting process, and the soft magnetic material is prevented from adhering to the side wall of the sizing die hole section B3 to affect the product quality.
[0039] Specifically, the diameter of the gradual change die hole section B4 gradually increases from the sizing die hole section B3 to the small-diameter die hole section B5, and the angle a of the side wall of the gradual change die hole section B4 to the central axis of the gradual change die hole section B4 is preferably in the range of 4°≤a≤7°. If a is too large, the product is not easy to demold, and the preset allowance is too large. If a is too small, the preset allowance cannot be achieved, and a needs to be set according to the diameter of the sizing die hole section B3 to preset the cold shrinkage allowance of the blank and achieve a small difference in diameter from the sizing die hole section B3.
[0040] Specifically, the second upsetting rod 14 of the first preforming die 200 is provided with a second centering cone section (indicated by T5 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole. The diameter of the second centering cone section gradually decreases in the direction close to the die hole, which can improve the coaxiality of the upset product.
[0041] In some embodiments, the upsetting device includes the first preforming die 200 and further includes a punching die 600. In this case, the product formed by the first preforming die 200 can be punched by the punching die 600.
[0042] As shown in Figure 4 , the die hole of the punching die 600 at least includes a large-diameter hole section F1 and a small-diameter hole section F3 arranged in the axial direction. The diameter of the large-diameter hole section F1 is greater than the diameter of the small-diameter hole section F3. Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the diameter of the large-diameter hole section F1 is greater than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the diameter of the small-diameter hole section F3 is greater than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5. In this way, the blank after the upsetting of the first preforming die 200 can be punched while the diameter is adjusted, further improving the cold upsetting processing precision. In the illustrated embodiment, a chamfer hole section F2 is further provided between the large-diameter hole section F1 and the small-diameter hole section F3. The diameter of the chamfer hole section F2 gradually decreases from the large-diameter hole section F1 to the small-diameter hole section F3. The chamfer hole section F2 is not limited to the illustrated conical hole section. In the illustrated embodiment, a gradual expansion guide hole section is further provided at the end of the large-diameter hole section F1 away from the small-diameter hole section F3 and at the end of the small-diameter hole section F3 away from the large-diameter hole section F1 to guide the first upsetting rod 13 and the second upsetting rod 14 to enter the large-diameter hole section F1 and the small-diameter hole section F3, respectively.
[0043] The first upsetting rod 13 of the piercing die 600 comprises a piercing section (indicated by M2 in the figure) with a diameter smaller than that of the large-diameter hole section F1, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the piercing die 600 comprises a fitting section (indicated by N2 in the figure) fitted to the small-diameter hole section F3, and in particular, the difference between the diameter of the small-diameter hole section F3 and the diameter of the fitting section fitted thereto can be controlled within a range of 0.1 mm ± 0.01.
[0044] In particular, the first upsetting rod 13 of the piercing die 600 is provided with a first centering taper section (indicated by S1 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole, and the diameter of the first centering taper section gradually decreases along the direction close to the die hole. The second upsetting rod 14 of the piercing die 600 is provided with a second centering taper section (indicated by T1 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole, and the diameter of the second centering taper section gradually decreases along the direction close to the die hole. The first upsetting rod 13 and the second upsetting rod 14 of the piercing die 600 can improve the coaxiality of the punched hole structure and the solid structure by being provided with the first centering taper section and the second centering taper section.
[0045] In some embodiments, the upsetting device comprises the first preforming die 200 and the piercing die 600 described above, and further comprises a first sizing die 500. The product formed by the first preforming die 200 can be sized by the first sizing die 500 before being punched by the piercing die 600.
[0046] As shown in Figure 6 the first sizing die 500, the die hole of the first sizing die 500 comprises at least a first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 and a first small-diameter sizing hole section E3 arranged along the axial direction, and the diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 is greater than that of the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3. In the illustrated embodiment, a first chamfered sizing hole section E2 is further arranged between the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 and the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3, and the diameter of the first chamfered sizing hole section E2 gradually decreases from the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 to the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3, and the first chamfered sizing hole section E2 is not limited to the illustrated conical hole section. The included angle β between the side wall of the first chamfered sizing hole section E2 and the central axis of the first chamfered sizing hole section E2 is smaller than the included angle β between the side wall of the chamfered hole section F2 and the central axis of the chamfered hole section F2. The diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 is greater than that of the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the diameter of the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3 is greater than that of the small-diameter die hole section B5. In this way, the reduced-diameter blank is sized before being punched by the first sizing die 500, and the punching position is pre-positioned, avoiding hole eccentricity, which can improve the punching precision and improve the coaxiality of the valve seat.
[0047] The first upsetting rod 13 of the first sizing die 500 comprises a first fitting section (indicated by M3 in the figure) which is fitted to the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the first sizing die 500 comprises a second fitting section (indicated by N3 in the figure) which is fitted to the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3. Specifically, the difference between the diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1 and the diameter of the first fitting section fitted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 mm ± 0.01, and the difference between the diameter of the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3 and the diameter of the second fitting section fitted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 mm ± 0.01.
[0048] Specifically, the first upsetting rod 13 of the first sizing die 500 can be provided with a first centering taper section (indicated by S2 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole, the diameter of the first centering taper section gradually decreases along the direction close to the die hole, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the first sizing die 500 is provided with a second centering taper section (indicated by T2 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole, the diameter of the second centering taper section gradually decreases along the direction close to the die hole, so as to improve the coaxiality of the upsetting hole structure and the solid structure.
[0049] In some embodiments, the upsetting device at least comprises the first preforming die 200, the punching die 600 and the first sizing die 500, and further comprises a second sizing die 400. Before the product formed by the first preforming die 200 is sized by the first sizing die 500, the product formed by the first preforming die 200 can be sized by the second sizing die 400.
[0050] As shown in Figure 8 the second sizing die 400, the die hole of the second sizing die 400 at least comprises a second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 and a second small-diameter sizing hole section D3 arranged along the axial direction, the diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 is greater than the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3. In the illustrated embodiment, a second chamfered sizing hole section D2 is further arranged between the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 and the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3, the diameter of the second chamfered sizing hole section D2 gradually decreases from the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 to the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3, and the second chamfered sizing hole section D2 is not limited to the illustrated conical hole section. The included angle β between the side wall of the second chamfered sizing hole section D2 and the central axis of the second chamfered sizing hole section D2 is smaller than the included angle β° between the side wall of the first chamfered sizing hole section E2 and the central axis of the first chamfered sizing hole section E2. The diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 is greater than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3 is greater than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5. The diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 is smaller than the diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section E1, and the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3 is smaller than the diameter of the first small-diameter sizing hole section E3.
[0051] The first upsetting rod 13 of the second sizing die 400 comprises a first adapting section (indicated by M4 in the figure) adapted to the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the second sizing die 400 comprises a second adapting section (indicated by N4 in the figure) adapted to the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3. Specifically, the difference between the diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1 and the diameter of the first adapting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1±0.01 mm, and the difference between the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3 and the diameter of the second adapting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1±0.01 mm.
[0052] Specifically, the second upsetting rod 14 of the second sizing die 400 can be provided with a second centering cone section (indicated by T3 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole. The diameter of the second centering cone section gradually decreases along the direction close to the die hole, so as to improve the coaxiality of the upset product.
[0053] Specifically, compared with the first sizing die 500, Figure 6 and Figure 8 , the axial height of the upper die body of the first sizing die 500 can be less than the axial height of the upper die body of the second sizing die 400, and the axial height of the lower die body of the first sizing die 500 can be equal to the axial height of the lower die body of the second sizing die 400.
[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 10 , the upsetting device at least comprises the first preforming die 200, the piercing die 600, the first sizing die 500 and the second sizing die 400, and further comprises a third sizing die 300. Before the product formed by the first preforming die 200 is sized by the second sizing die 400, the product formed by the first preforming die 200 can be sized by the third sizing die 300 first.
[0055] As shown in Figure 10As shown, the die hole of the third sizing die 300 at least includes a third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 and a third small-diameter sizing hole section C3 arranged in an axial direction, the diameter of the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 is larger than the diameter of the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3. In the illustrated embodiment, a third chamfered sizing hole section C2 is further arranged between the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 and the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3, the diameter of the third chamfered sizing hole section C2 gradually decreases from the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 to the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3, and the third chamfered sizing hole section C2 is not limited to a conical hole section. The included angle β between the side wall of the third chamfered hole section C2 and the central axis of the third chamfered hole section is smaller than the included angle β between the side wall of the second chamfered sizing hole section D2 and the central axis of the second chamfered sizing hole section D2. The diameter of the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 is larger than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the diameter of the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3 is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5. The diameter of the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 is smaller than the diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section D1, and the diameter of the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3 is smaller than the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section D3.
[0056] The first upsetting rod 13 of the third sizing die 300 includes a first fitting section (indicated by M5 in the figure) adapted to the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1, and the second upsetting rod 14 of the third sizing die 300 includes a second fitting section (indicated by N5 in the figure) adapted to the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3. Specifically, the difference between the diameter of the third large-diameter sizing hole section C1 and the diameter of the first fitting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 mm ± 0.01, and the difference between the diameter of the third small-diameter sizing hole section C3 and the diameter of the second fitting section adapted thereto can be controlled within the range of 0.1 ± 0.01 mm.
[0057] Specifically, the second upsetting rod 14 of the third sizing die 300 can be provided with a second centering cone section (indicated by T4 in the figure) at the end close to the die hole, and the diameter of the second centering cone section gradually decreases in the direction gradually close to the die hole, so as to improve the coaxiality of the upset product.
[0058] Specifically, in comparison Figure 1 and Figure 10 , the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the third sizing die 300 can be smaller than the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the first preforming die 200, and the axial height of the lower die body 12 of the third sizing die 300 is smaller than the axial height of the lower die body 12 of the first preforming die 200. In comparison Figure 8 and Figure 10 , the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the second sizing die 400 can be smaller than the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the third sizing die 300, and the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the second sizing die 400 can be greater than the axial height of the upper die body 11 of the third sizing die 300.
[0059] In some embodiments, asFigure 12 As shown, the upsetting device also includes a second preforming mold 100. The soft magnetic material can be preformed using the second preforming mold 100 before the first preforming mold 200 is used to form the soft magnetic material.
[0060] like Figure 12 As shown, the mold hole of the second preforming mold 100 includes at least a large-diameter preforming hole section A1 and a small-diameter preforming hole section A3 arranged axially, with the diameter of the large-diameter preforming hole section A1 being larger than the diameter of the small-diameter preforming hole section A3. In the illustrated embodiment, a chamfered preforming hole section A2 is further provided between the large-diameter preforming hole section A1 and the small-diameter preforming hole section A3. The diameter of the chamfered preforming hole section A2 gradually decreases from the large-diameter preforming hole section A1 to the small-diameter preforming hole section A3, and the chamfered preforming hole section A2 is not limited to the conical hole section shown in the illustration. (Comparison) Figure 1 and Figure 12 The diameter of the large-diameter pre-forming hole section A1 is smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section B1, and the diameter of the small-diameter pre-forming hole section A3 is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section B5.
[0061] The first upsetting bar 13 of the second preforming mold 100 includes a first adapter section (indicated by M6 in the figure) adapted to the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, and the second upsetting bar 14 of the second preforming mold 100 includes a second adapter section (indicated by N6 in the figure) adapted to the small-diameter preforming hole section A3. Specifically, the difference between the diameter of the large-diameter preforming hole section A1 and the diameter of the first adapter section adapted to it can be controlled within the range of 0.1±0.01 mm, and the difference between the diameter of the small-diameter preforming hole section A3 and the diameter of the second adapter section adapted to it can be controlled within the range of 0.1±0.01 mm.
[0062] Specifically, the axial height of the upper mold body 11 of the second preforming mold 100 can be less than the axial height of the upper mold body 11 of the first preforming mold 200, and the axial height of the lower mold body 12 of the second preforming mold 100 can be greater than the axial height of the lower mold body 12 of the first preforming mold 200.
[0063] In some embodiments, the upsetting device includes the second preforming mold 100, the first preforming mold 200, the first shaping mold 500, the second shaping mold 400, the third shaping mold 300, and the punching mold 600. In this case, preforming, shaping, multiple shaping, and punching can be performed first, so that the material deformation rate at each step will not be too high, avoiding product cracking. The specific steps are as follows:
[0064] First, the soft magnetic material is upset and pre-formed using the second pre-forming mold 100. In this step, the material deformation rate can be controlled to around 5%. After this step, the product... Figure 13As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0065] Then the product upset by the second preforming die 100 is formed by the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After this step, the product is as shown in Figure 3 As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0066] Then the product upset by the second preforming die 100 is formed by the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After this step, the product is as shown in Figure 11 As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0067] Then the product upset by the second preforming die 100 is formed by the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After this step, the product is as shown in Figure 9 As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0068] Then the product upset by the second preforming die 100 is formed by the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After this step, the product is as shown in Figure 7 As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0069] Then the product upset by the second preforming die 100 is formed by the first preforming die 200, and the material deformation rate can be controlled at about 39%. After this step, the product is as shown in Figure 5 As shown, wherein the large-diameter cylindrical section 01 of the product is formed in the large-diameter preforming hole section A1, the chamfered section 03 of the product is formed in the chamfered preforming hole section A2, and the small-diameter cylindrical section 02 of the product is formed in the small-diameter preforming hole section A3.
[0070] In some embodiments, the second preforming die 100 and the first preforming die 200 are arranged adjacently, the third shaping die 300 is arranged on the side of the first preforming die 200 away from the second preforming die 100, the second shaping die 400 is arranged on the side of the third shaping die 300 away from the first preforming die 200, the first shaping die 500 is arranged on the side of the second shaping die 400 away from the second shaping die 400, and the punching die 600 is arranged on the side of the first shaping die 500 away from the second shaping die 400. The cold heading forming is performed by using the continuous six dies, so that the deformation of the blank is relatively gentle, the processing defects are reduced, and the internal microstructure of the soft magnetic material is more uniform.
[0071] The above describes the principles and implementation manners of the present application by using specific examples, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present application, the present application can be improved and modified in many ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A device for upsetting a soft magnetic piece, characterized in that The upsetting device comprises a first preforming die (200), the first preforming die (200) comprises a die body provided with a die hole, the die hole of the first preforming die (200) at least comprises a large-diameter die hole section (B1), a constant-diameter die hole section (B3), a gradual change die hole section (B4), a small-diameter die hole section (B5) arranged in the axial direction, the gradual change die hole section (B4) connects the constant-diameter die hole section (B3) and the small-diameter die hole section (B5), and the constant-diameter die hole section (B3) connects the gradual change die hole section (B4) and the large-diameter die hole section (B1); the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1) is greater than the inner diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section (B3), the inner diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1) is greater than the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5), and the inner diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5) is greater than the inner diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section (B3).
2. The soft magnetic part upsetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The constant-diameter die hole section (B3) is provided with a fillet at one end of the large-diameter die hole section (B1), and the soft magnetic part at least has a large-diameter cylindrical section (01) and a small-diameter cylindrical section (02), the outer diameter of the large-diameter cylindrical section (01) is greater than the outer diameter of the small-diameter cylindrical section (02).
3. The soft magnetic part upsetting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The ratio of the axial height of the constant-diameter die hole section (B3) to the diameter of the constant-diameter die hole section (B3) is X, and X ranges from 10% to 13.5%.
4. The soft magnetic member upsetting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by The gradual change die hole section (B4) is a conical hole section, the diameter of the gradual change die hole section (B4) gradually increases from the constant-diameter die hole section (B3) to the small-diameter die hole section (B5), the included angle between the side wall of the gradual change die hole section (B4) and the central axis of the gradual change die hole section (B4) is α, and α ranges from 4° to 7°.
5. A device for upsetting a soft magnetic piece according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that The upsetting device comprises a punching die (600), the die hole of the punching die (600) at least comprises a large-diameter hole section (F1) and a small-diameter hole section (F3) arranged in the axial direction, and the first upsetting rod of the punching die comprises a punching section with a diameter smaller than the large-diameter hole section (F1).
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the soft magnetic member is a ring-shaped member. The upsetting device comprises a first sizing die (500), the die hole of the first sizing die (500) at least comprises a first large-diameter sizing hole section (E1) and a first small-diameter sizing hole section (E3) arranged in the axial direction, the diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section (E1) is greater than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1), and the diameter of the first small-diameter sizing hole section (E3) is greater than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5).
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the soft magnetic member is a ring-shaped member. The upsetting device comprises a second sizing die (400), the die hole of the second sizing die at least comprises a second large-diameter sizing hole section (D1) and a second small-diameter sizing hole section (D3) arranged in the axial direction, the diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section (D1) is smaller than the diameter of the first large-diameter sizing hole section (E1) and greater than the diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1), and the diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section (D3) is smaller than the diameter of the first small-diameter sizing hole section (E3) and greater than the diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5).
8. The soft magnetic part upsetting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein The upsetting device comprises a third sizing die (300), a die hole of the third sizing die at least comprising a third large-diameter sizing hole section (C1) and a third small-diameter sizing hole section (C3) arranged in an axial direction, a diameter of the third large-diameter sizing hole section (C1) being smaller than a diameter of the second large-diameter sizing hole section (D1) and larger than a diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1), and a diameter of the third small-diameter sizing hole section (C3) being smaller than a diameter of the second small-diameter sizing hole section (D3) and larger than a diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5).
9. The soft magnetic part-upsetting device according to claim 8, wherein An end of the first upsetting rod of the first sizing die (500) and the piercing die (600) close to the die hole is provided with a first centering cone section, a diameter of the first centering cone section gradually decreasing in a direction gradually close to the die hole, and an end of the second upsetting rod of the first preforming die (200), the first sizing die (500), the second sizing die (400), the third sizing die (300) and the piercing die (600) close to the die hole is provided with a second centering cone section, a diameter of the second centering cone section gradually decreasing in a direction gradually close to the die hole.
10. The device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9, characterized in that The upsetting device comprises a second preforming die (100), a die hole of the second preforming die (100) at least comprising a large-diameter preforming hole section (A1) and a small-diameter preforming hole section (A3) arranged in an axial direction, a diameter of the large-diameter preforming hole section (A1) being smaller than a diameter of the large-diameter die hole section (B1), and a diameter of the small-diameter preforming hole section (A3) being larger than a diameter of the small-diameter die hole section (B5).