Liquid hydrogen supply system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a liquid hydrogen supply system and a vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, the liquid hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen storage bottle, a hydrogen supply pump arranged on the hydrogen storage bottle, and a driving oil way and a hydrogen supply branch which are connected with the hydrogen supply pump; the hydrogen supply pump is partially located in the hydrogen storage bottle, liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage bottle can flow into the hydrogen supply pump in a one-way mode, and under driving of the driving oil way, the hydrogen supply pump can pressurize the inflowing liquid hydrogen and then output the liquid hydrogen to the hydrogen supply branch in a one-way mode; a liquid hydrogen vaporization part and a pressure stabilizing part are arranged on the hydrogen supply branch, the liquid hydrogen vaporization part is used for vaporizing liquid hydrogen, and the pressure stabilizing part is used for carrying out pressure stabilizing adjustment on the vaporized hydrogen. According to the liquid hydrogen supply system disclosed by the utility model, the hydrogen supply pump part is arranged in the hydrogen storage bottle, so that the pressurizing efficiency of liquid hydrogen is improved; the liquid hydrogen flows into the hydrogen supply pump in a one-way mode, backflow of the liquid hydrogen is avoided, the pressurizing efficiency of the liquid hydrogen is improved, and the conversion efficiency and the conveying stability of the hydrogen are improved through the liquid hydrogen vaporization part and the pressure stabilizing part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a liquid hydrogen supply system; it also relates to a vehicle equipped with the liquid hydrogen supply system. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen, liquid hydrogen offers advantages such as high hydrogen storage density, low storage and transportation costs, low storage pressure, and higher safety, making it a promising candidate for application. Traditional on-board liquid hydrogen supply solutions involve extending pipelines from a hydrogen storage tank to the external environment. After heat exchange with the external environment, the liquid hydrogen returns to the storage tank, where it is vaporized and pressurized. However, this approach is not only structurally complex and costly but also suffers from low pressurization efficiency, thus affecting the performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Furthermore, the stability and reliability of the hydrogen output from traditional liquid hydrogen supply solutions are poor, further impacting the performance of hydrogen fuel cells. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a liquid hydrogen supply system to improve the pressurization efficiency of liquid hydrogen and to improve the stability of the output hydrogen.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A liquid hydrogen supply system includes a hydrogen storage cylinder, a hydrogen supply pump disposed on the hydrogen storage cylinder, and a drive oil circuit and a hydrogen supply branch connected to the hydrogen supply pump.

[0006] The hydrogen supply pump is located inside the hydrogen storage tank. The liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank can flow into the hydrogen supply pump in one direction. Under the drive of the drive oil circuit, the hydrogen supply pump can pressurize the inflowing liquid hydrogen and output it to the hydrogen supply branch in one direction.

[0007] The hydrogen supply branch is equipped with a liquid hydrogen vaporization section and a pressure stabilization section. The liquid hydrogen vaporization section is used to vaporize the liquid hydrogen, and the pressure stabilization section is used to regulate the pressure of the vaporized hydrogen.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydrogen supply pump is a plunger pump, with one end of the plunger pump located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive oil circuit includes an oil storage section, an oil pump, and a reversing section connected to the upper and lower chambers of the hydrogen supply pump; the oil pump can pressurize and deliver the oil in the oil storage section to the reversing section, and the reversing section can selectively introduce the oil into the upper or lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump to drive the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump to reciprocate.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a heat dissipation unit disposed on the drive oil circuit; the heat dissipation unit is disposed on the return oil circuit between the reversing part and the oil storage part, and is used to cool the oil discharged from the reversing part.

[0011] Furthermore, a high-pressure buffer filter section is provided on the hydrogen supply branch, and along the airflow direction, the high-pressure buffer filter section is located downstream of the pressure stabilizing section; the high-pressure buffer filter section is used to filter impurities and buffer the pressure of the hydrogen output from the pressure stabilizing section.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure relief and recovery unit is connected to the hydrogen supply branch, and the pressure relief and recovery unit is located at the end of the hydrogen supply branch that is connected to the hydrogen-using device; the pressure relief and recovery unit has a first outlet connected to the outside and a second outlet connected to the inside of the hydrogen storage cylinder through a recovery pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, the first outlet is provided with an exhaust gas treatment section, which is used to purify the exhaust gas discharged from the first outlet; and / or, the recovery pipeline is provided with a filter section, which is used to filter the hydrogen gas in the recovery pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, a temperature detection unit and / or a first pressure detection unit are provided on the hydrogen supply branch, and the temperature detection unit and / or the first pressure detection unit are located downstream of the pressure stabilizing unit along the hydrogen supply direction within the hydrogen supply branch.

[0015] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage cylinder is provided with a liquid level detection unit for detecting the liquid level inside the hydrogen storage cylinder, and / or a second pressure detection unit for detecting the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] The liquid hydrogen supply system of this invention, by placing the hydrogen supply pump part inside the hydrogen storage tank, shortens the path of liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen supply pump and allows the liquid hydrogen to be pressurized more quickly, thereby improving the pressurization efficiency of liquid hydrogen. The system also features unidirectional liquid hydrogen flow into the hydrogen supply pump, and under the drive of the oil circuit, the pump pressurizes the incoming liquid hydrogen and outputs it unidirectionally to the hydrogen supply branch, preventing backflow and further improving the pressurization efficiency. Furthermore, by including a liquid hydrogen vaporization section for vaporizing liquid hydrogen and a pressure stabilizing section for regulating the pressure of the vaporized hydrogen, the system improves the conversion efficiency of liquid hydrogen to hydrogen gas and the stability of the hydrogen during transportation.

[0018] Secondly, the plunger pump offers superior high-pressure output and high stability, which benefits the conversion efficiency of liquid hydrogen and the stability of hydrogen delivery. The oil reservoir, as the source of the hydraulic fluid, provides a continuous and stable supply of fluid to the entire drive system. The oil pump pressurizes the fluid in the reservoir and delivers it to the reversing section. By increasing the fluid pressure, it provides powerful drive to the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump. The reversing section can selectively direct the fluid into the upper or lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump, achieving precise control of the plunger's reciprocating motion and preventing abnormalities such as jamming or stalling during plunger movement. A cooling section is installed between the reversing section and the oil reservoir to cool the fluid, reducing the temperature of the returning fluid and thus improving the safety of the liquid hydrogen supply system.

[0019] Furthermore, by installing a high-pressure buffer filter section downstream of the pressure stabilizing section on the hydrogen supply branch, the purity of the hydrogen is improved while the hydrogen pressure is buffered, thus preventing cavitation in the hydrogen supply branch and further enhancing the stability of the hydrogen. By installing a pressure relief and recovery section with a first and second outlet, hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen-using device can be discharged to the outside through the first outlet, or transported to the hydrogen storage cylinder through the second outlet, according to usage requirements. This not only facilitates the recycling of hydrogen but also improves the safety of the liquid hydrogen supply system. The exhaust gas treatment section treats the exhaust gas discharged from the first outlet, improving the safety of exhaust gas emissions; the filtration section filters the hydrogen in the recovery pipeline, improving the cleanliness of the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen storage cylinder and enhancing the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system.

[0020] Furthermore, by installing a temperature detection unit to monitor the temperature on the hydrogen supply branch and a first pressure detection unit to monitor the pressure on the hydrogen supply branch, the temperature and / or pressure of the hydrogen can be monitored in real time, which helps improve the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system. The liquid level detection unit can accurately detect the liquid hydrogen level in the storage tank in real time, serving as a reference for whether to replenish liquid hydrogen, thus improving the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system; and the second pressure detection unit, which detects the pressure inside the storage tank, allows personnel to obtain the pressure information.

[0021] In addition, another objective of this invention is to provide a vehicle equipped with the liquid hydrogen supply system described above.

[0022] The vehicle described in this utility model, by setting up the liquid hydrogen supply system as described above, can meet the hydrogen supply requirements of hydrogen-using devices such as hydrogen fuel cells in the vehicle, and has the advantages of high efficiency and high stability, thereby improving the driving performance of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model. The illustrative embodiments of the utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation of the utility model. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid hydrogen supply system described in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Hydrogen storage tank; 2. Hydrogen supply pump; 3. Drive oil circuit; 4. Hydrogen supply branch circuit; 5. Hydrogen consumption device; 6. Recovery pipeline; 7. Engine; 8. ECU;

[0027] 101. Liquid level detection unit; 102. Pressure display unit; 103. Filling port; 104. Air outlet; 105. First shut-off valve; 106. Second shut-off valve; 107. First safety valve; 108. Second pressure detection unit; 109. Liquid level display unit;

[0028] 201. Fourth check valve; 202. Second safety valve;

[0029] 301. Oil reservoir; 302. Oil pump; 303. Reversing section; 304. Return oil circuit; 3041. Cooling section; 305. Bypass valve;

[0030] 401. Liquid hydrogen vaporization section; 402. Pressure stabilizing section; 403. High-pressure buffer filtration section; 404. Pressure relief and recovery section; 4041. Tail gas treatment section; 405. Temperature detection section; 406. First pressure detection section; 407. First check valve; 408. Second check valve; 409. Third safety valve;

[0031] 601. Filter section; 602. Third check valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in light of the specific circumstances.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] This embodiment relates to a liquid hydrogen supply system to solve the problems of low pressurization efficiency and poor stability in existing liquid hydrogen supply systems.

[0038] In terms of overall structure, the liquid hydrogen supply system of this embodiment includes a hydrogen storage cylinder 1, a hydrogen supply pump 2 disposed on the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, and a drive oil circuit 3 and a hydrogen supply branch circuit 4 connected to the hydrogen supply pump 2. The hydrogen supply pump 2 is partially located inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1. The liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 can flow unidirectionally into the hydrogen supply pump 2, and under the drive of the drive oil circuit 3, the hydrogen supply pump 2 can pressurize the flowing liquid hydrogen and output it unidirectionally to the hydrogen supply branch circuit 4. The hydrogen supply branch circuit 4 is provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401 and a pressure stabilizing section 402. The liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401 is used to vaporize the liquid hydrogen, and the pressure stabilizing section 402 is used to stabilize and regulate the pressure of the vaporized hydrogen.

[0039] The liquid hydrogen supply system described in this embodiment, by placing a portion of the hydrogen supply pump 2 inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, shortens the path of liquid hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen supply pump 2 and allows the liquid hydrogen to be pressurized more quickly, thereby improving the pressurization efficiency of the liquid hydrogen. The system also features unidirectional liquid hydrogen flow into the hydrogen supply pump 2, and under the drive of the oil circuit 3, the hydrogen supply pump 2 pressurizes the flowing liquid hydrogen and outputs it unidirectionally to the hydrogen supply branch 4, which helps avoid backflow of liquid hydrogen and further improves the pressurization efficiency. Furthermore, by including a liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401 for vaporizing liquid hydrogen and a pressure stabilizing section 402 for regulating the pressure of the vaporized hydrogen, the system improves the conversion efficiency of liquid hydrogen to hydrogen gas and the stability of the hydrogen during transportation.

[0040] Based on the above overview, an exemplary structure of the liquid hydrogen supply system described in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown in the image.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen supply pump 2 is a plunger pump, with one end of the plunger pump located inside the hydrogen storage tank 1. The plunger pump offers good high-pressure output and high output stability, which is beneficial for improving the conversion efficiency and delivery stability of liquid hydrogen. Compared to traditional hydrogen supply systems, liquid hydrogen does not need to be transported through long pipelines into the pump body, reducing energy loss and pressure loss during the flow process. At the same time, by positioning one end of the plunger pump inside the hydrogen storage tank 1, the liquid hydrogen supply system structure becomes more compact, thus reducing the space required.

[0042] In this embodiment, the plunger pump can be a submersible plunger pump as in the prior art. The initial pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 1 is not required to be too high. The initial pressure of the hydrogen storage tank 1 only needs to meet 0.1MPa. The plunger pump can pressurize the liquid hydrogen inside the liquid hydrogen tank from 0.1MPa to the pressure required by the fuel-electric system or even higher through hydraulic oil.

[0043] In terms of specific structure, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the plunger pump on the hydrogen storage tank 1 is tilted, with one end inside the hydrogen storage tank 1 positioned lower and the other end outside the hydrogen storage tank 1 positioned higher. This allows the liquid hydrogen to flow continuously under gravity, which helps to reduce the accumulation and retention of liquid hydrogen inside the hydrogen supply pump 2.

[0044] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drive oil circuit 3 includes an oil storage section 301, an oil pump 302, and a reversing section 303 connected to the upper and lower chambers of the hydrogen supply pump 2. The oil pump 302 can pressurize and deliver the oil in the oil storage section 301 to the reversing section 303. The reversing section 303 can selectively introduce the oil into the upper or lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump 2 to drive the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump 2 to reciprocate.

[0045] The oil storage section 301 serves as the oil storage source, providing a continuous and stable supply of oil to the entire drive oil circuit 3 system. The oil pump 302 pressurizes the oil in the oil storage section 301 and delivers it to the reversing section 303. By increasing the oil pressure, it provides strong power to drive the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump 2. The reversing section 303 can selectively introduce oil into the upper or lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump 2, achieving precise control of the reciprocating motion of the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump 2. This allows the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump 2 to reciprocate at the appropriate time, which helps to avoid abnormal situations such as jamming and stalling during the plunger's movement.

[0046] Specifically, the oil storage section 301 can be an oil tank with oil storage function, and the reversing section 303 can be a reversing valve in the prior art. The reversing valve works closely with the hydrogen supply pump 2, and by precisely controlling the timing and flow rate of oil entering the upper or lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump 2, it achieves the regulation of the operating frequency and stroke of the plunger pump. The principle of the reversing valve will be explained below in conjunction with the upward and downward movement of the plunger in the plunger pump.

[0047] When the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump 2 needs to move upward, the valve core of the reversing valve actuates. Oil from the oil pump 302, driven by the oil pump 302, flows into the lower chamber through one port of the reversing valve, pushing the plunger upward. Simultaneously, the oil in the upper chamber of the hydrogen supply pump 2 flows back to the oil storage section 301 through the other port of the reversing valve. Since one end of the plunger pump is located inside the hydrogen storage tank 1, when the plunger moves upward, the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 1 is drawn into the plunger pump chamber under the pressure difference, preparing for the subsequent pressurization process.

[0048] When the plunger needs to move downwards, the directional valve actuates again and changes the valve core position. At this time, oil from the oil pump 302 flows into the upper chamber through one port of the directional valve, driven by the oil pump 302. Simultaneously, oil in the lower chamber flows back to the oil reservoir 301 through the directional valve, thereby pushing the plunger downwards. During the plunger's downward movement, the liquid hydrogen in the plunger pump chamber is compressed, the pressure increases, and then it is output unidirectionally to the hydrogen supply branch 4 through the outlet of the hydrogen supply pump 2. As usage demands change, the directional valve continuously switches the oil flow direction, causing the plunger of the plunger pump to continuously reciprocate, stably providing pressurized liquid hydrogen to the hydrogen supply branch 4.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the liquid hydrogen supply system of this example further includes a heat dissipation unit 3041 disposed on the drive oil circuit 3. The heat dissipation unit 3041 is disposed on the return oil circuit 304 between the reversing unit 303 and the oil storage unit 301, and is used to cool the oil discharged from the reversing unit 303. Here, by providing a heat dissipation unit 3041 between the reversing unit 303 and the oil storage unit 301 to cool the oil, it is beneficial to ensure that the temperature of the returned oil is not too high, thereby improving the safety of the liquid hydrogen supply system.

[0050] Still refer to Figure 1 As shown, the heat dissipation unit 3041 can employ a hydraulic fan, a technology already in use. The hydraulic fan, with its powerful cooling performance, can rapidly reduce the oil temperature, preventing problems such as decreased oil viscosity and deteriorated lubrication performance due to high temperatures. Of course, in addition to using a hydraulic fan, other heat dissipation products capable of cooling oil temperatures can also be used.

[0051] like Figure 1As shown in the diagram, in this embodiment, a bypass valve 305 is also provided between the outlet of the oil pump 302 and the oil storage section 301. That is, the bypass valve 305 is connected to the oil storage section 301 in the form of a branch on the main oil line between the oil pump 302 and the reversing valve. Thus, when the bypass valve 305 is in the closed state, the oil flowing out of the oil pump 302 flows into the reversing valve. When the bypass valve 305 is in the open state, part of the oil flowing out of the oil pump 302 flows into the reversing valve, and the other part flows back to the oil storage section 301 directly through the bypass valve 305.

[0052] When the system is under low load or does not require high flow, if the entire flow of the oil pump 302 is forced through components such as the directional valve, these components may be subjected to excessive pressure and flow surges, thus affecting their service life. The bypass valve 305 can divert excess oil back to the oil reservoir 301 when the system does not require high flow, reducing the working pressure on system components, decreasing their wear, extending their service life, and improving the reliability and stability of the system.

[0053] To ensure that the liquid hydrogen pressurized by the hydrogen supply pump 2 can be unidirectionally delivered to the hydrogen supply branch 4, a first one-way valve 407 is installed at the oil inlet of the hydrogen supply branch 4. The first one-way valve 407 works closely with the hydrogen supply pump 2 to jointly ensure the effective delivery of liquid hydrogen. The hydrogen supply pump 2 is responsible for pressurizing the liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, while the first one-way valve 407 is responsible for safely and stably introducing the pressurized liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen supply branch 4. The coordinated operation of the two helps to optimize the delivery effect of liquid hydrogen.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401 is located upstream of the pressure stabilizing section 402. This allows the pressure of the unstable hydrogen gas after vaporization to be adjusted by the pressure stabilizing section 402, thereby improving the stability of hydrogen delivery in the hydrogen supply branch 4. Furthermore, a second one-way valve 408 can be provided between the liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401 and the pressure stabilizing section 402.

[0055] The liquid hydrogen vaporization unit 401 can employ a vaporizer as used in existing technology. After entering the vaporizer, the liquid hydrogen exchanges heat with heat from a heat medium (such as hot water or steam) or the environment. As the liquid hydrogen absorbs heat, its temperature gradually increases, changing from a liquid state to a gaseous state. The pressure stabilizing unit 402 in this embodiment can be a pressure regulating valve, which has excellent pressure regulation accuracy and can precisely control the pressure of hydrogen in the hydrogen supply branch 4, facilitating the output of a stable hydrogen pressure, which is crucial for the normal operation of the hydrogen-using device 5.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, a high-pressure buffer filter section 403 is provided on the hydrogen supply branch 4, and along the airflow direction, the high-pressure buffer filter section 403 is located downstream of the pressure stabilizing section 402. The high-pressure buffer filter section 403 is used to filter impurities and buffer the pressure of the hydrogen output from the pressure stabilizing section 402. By providing a high-pressure buffer filter section 403 downstream of the pressure stabilizing section 402 on the hydrogen supply branch 4, the purity of the hydrogen is improved, and the hydrogen pressure is also buffered, thereby further improving the stability of the hydrogen and facilitating the efficient and reliable operation of the liquid hydrogen supply system. In particular, when the consumption of hydrogen in the hydrogen-using device 5 suddenly increases, the high-pressure buffer filter section 403 helps to prevent cavitation in the hydrogen supply branch 4 through buffering, thus ensuring the performance of the hydrogen supply branch 4.

[0057] In practical implementation, the high-pressure buffer filtration unit 403 can adopt a high-pressure buffer filter from the prior art. A high-pressure buffer filter typically consists of a filter element, a buffer chamber, and inlet / outlet connection components. The filter element is the core component of the high-pressure buffer filter for impurity filtration, and generally uses high-precision filter screens or filter cartridges. These filter materials have a tiny and uniform pore structure, and their pore size is customized according to the system's requirements for hydrogen purity.

[0058] The pressure buffer chamber of the high-pressure buffer filter is the fundamental structure for pressure buffering. When the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen supply branch 4 suddenly increases, the buffer chamber can temporarily store a portion of the hydrogen. As the incoming hydrogen is dispersed within the chamber, the pressure is buffered, preventing a sharp increase in pressure from damaging system components. Conversely, when the hydrogen demand of the hydrogen-using unit 5 suddenly increases and the pressure in the hydrogen supply branch 4 drops rapidly, the pre-stored hydrogen in the buffer chamber is gradually released to replenish the hydrogen supply branch 4, maintaining relative pressure stability. This chamber volume-based regulation method effectively mitigates large pressure fluctuations, ensuring the smooth operation of the hydrogen supply system.

[0059] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, a pressure relief and recovery unit 404 is connected to the hydrogen supply branch 4, located at the end of the hydrogen supply branch 4 connected to the hydrogen-using device 5. The pressure relief and recovery unit 404 has a first outlet connected to the outside and a second outlet connected to the inside of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 through a recovery pipeline 6. By setting up the pressure relief and recovery unit 404 with the first and second outlets, the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen-using device 5 can be discharged to the outside through the first outlet according to usage requirements, and the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen-using device 5 can be transported to the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 through the second outlet. This not only facilitates the recycling of hydrogen but also improves the safety of the liquid hydrogen supply system.

[0060] Specifically, the pressure relief and recovery unit 404 helps prevent excessive pressure in the hydrogen supply branch 4. When the pressure exceeds the set value, the pressure relief and recovery valve opens, releasing some of the gas and reducing the system pressure to a safe range, protecting the equipment and components in the system from damage due to excessive pressure. During the pressure relief process, the pressure relief and recovery unit 404 recovers and stores the discharged fluid for reuse when needed by the system, improving the system's energy efficiency and reducing energy consumption. In this embodiment, the pressure relief and recovery unit 404 can adopt a pressure relief and recovery valve from the prior art. For example, a pressure relief and recovery valve can be composed of a valve body, valve core, spring, adjusting device, and recovery chamber.

[0061] In addition, an exhaust gas treatment unit 4041 is provided at the first outlet, which is used to purify the exhaust gas discharged from the first outlet. This helps to improve emission safety. In specific implementation, the exhaust gas treatment unit 4041 can adopt an exhaust gas processor in the prior art, which can remove pollutants in the exhaust gas through adsorption, filtration and other methods.

[0062] In addition, a filter section 601 is provided on the recovery pipeline 6 to filter the hydrogen gas in the recovery pipeline 6. By using the filter section 601 to filter the hydrogen gas in the recovery pipeline 6, the cleanliness of the hydrogen flowing into the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is improved, which also enhances the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system. The filter section 601 here can be a recovery filter from the prior art. Recovery filters typically employ a combination of multiple filtration technologies to effectively intercept impurities in the recovered hydrogen gas and purify it. Furthermore, a third one-way valve 602 is provided on the hydrogen supply branch 4, located downstream of the recovery filter section 601, to prevent reverse flow of hydrogen gas in the hydrogen supply branch 4.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen supply branch 4 is equipped with a temperature detection unit 405 and a first pressure detection unit 406, located downstream of the pressure stabilizing unit 402 along the hydrogen supply direction within the hydrogen supply branch 4. Here, by setting the temperature detection unit 405 to detect the temperature on the hydrogen supply branch 4 and the first pressure detection unit 406 to detect the pressure on the hydrogen supply branch 4, the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen can be monitored in real time, which helps to improve the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system.

[0064] As one possible implementation method, refer to Figure 1As shown, two temperature detection units 405 are provided between the high-pressure buffer filter section 403 and the pressure stabilizing section 402. The upstream temperature detection unit 405 is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen flowing out of the pressure stabilizing section 402, and the downstream temperature detection unit 405 is used to detect the temperature of the hydrogen at the inlet of the high-pressure buffer filter section 403. The two temperature detection units 405 work together to improve the accuracy of temperature detection and to improve the efficiency, stability and reliability of the liquid hydrogen supply system. In specific implementations, the temperature detection units 405 can be temperature sensors.

[0065] In this embodiment, the first pressure detection unit 406 can be a pressure sensor, and one or more can be provided to meet the usage requirements. It should be noted that, in specific implementations, only the temperature detection unit 405 or the first pressure detection unit 406 can be provided, or both the temperature detection unit 405 and the first pressure detection unit 406 can be provided simultaneously, as long as the usage requirements are met.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is equipped with a liquid level detection unit 101 for detecting the liquid level inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and a second pressure detection unit 108 for detecting the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1. The liquid level detection unit 101 can accurately detect the liquid hydrogen level inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 in real time, serving as a reference for whether to replenish hydrogen, thereby improving the performance of the liquid hydrogen supply system. The second pressure detection unit 108 facilitates the acquisition of the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 by the operator.

[0067] In specific implementation, the liquid level detection unit 101 can adopt a liquid level sensor from the prior art, which can detect the liquid level in the hydrogen storage tank 1 and has high detection accuracy. The second pressure detection unit 108 can adopt a pressure sensor from the prior art. Furthermore, a liquid level display unit 109 connected to the liquid level detection unit 101 can also be provided, and the liquid level value detected by the liquid level detection unit 101 can be displayed through the liquid level display unit 109. The liquid level display unit 109 here can adopt a liquid level indicator or the like from the prior art. It is understood that a solution that only sets up the liquid level detection unit 101 or the second pressure detection unit 108 is also feasible.

[0068] In addition, to intuitively obtain the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, a pressure display unit 102 connected to the second pressure detection unit 108 can be provided to display the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1. In this embodiment, the pressure display unit 102 can be a pressure gauge from the prior art, allowing operators to directly read the pressure inside the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, providing good ease of use. Of course, besides a pressure gauge, other products capable of displaying pressure can also be used.

[0069] like Figure 1As shown, to improve the efficiency of liquid hydrogen flow into the hydrogen supply pump 2, a fourth check valve 201 is provided at the inlet end of the hydrogen supply pump 2. The fourth check valve 201 ensures that liquid hydrogen can only flow in the forward direction from the inlet of the hydrogen supply pump 2 to the pump body, completely preventing reverse flow of liquid hydrogen. In addition, to further enhance the safety of the liquid hydrogen supply system, a first safety valve 107 is provided on the hydrogen supply pump 2, and a second safety valve 202 is provided on the hydrogen supply branch 4, located between the pressure stabilizing section 402 and the high-pressure buffer section.

[0070] The first safety valve 107 opens immediately when it detects that the pressure inside the hydrogen supply pump 2 exceeds a preset safety threshold, releasing some of the high-pressure liquid hydrogen to reduce the pressure inside the pump 2 and prevent serious damage such as rupture or deformation of the pump body due to overpressure. This not only protects the hydrogen supply pump 2 itself, preventing the risk of liquid hydrogen leakage caused by equipment failure, but also ensures the continuity of the entire hydrogen supply system, preventing hydrogen supply interruption due to damage to the hydrogen supply pump 2 and affecting the normal operation of the downstream hydrogen-using unit 5. The second safety valve 202 opens rapidly when it detects an abnormal increase in pressure on the hydrogen supply branch 4, releasing the excessively high-pressure hydrogen to prevent safety accidents such as pipe rupture or joint leakage in the hydrogen supply branch 4 due to overpressure.

[0071] To facilitate the addition of liquid hydrogen to hydrogen storage cylinder 1, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is equipped with a filling port 103 and a vent port 104. A first shut-off valve 105, which controls the connection between the filling port 103 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, is provided between the vent port 104 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, and a second shut-off valve 106, which also controls the connection between the two, is provided between the vent port 104 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 1. Furthermore, a third safety valve 409 can be further provided to allow for release in case of overpressure during filling, ensuring safety during the filling process.

[0072] The following description uses the hydrogen fuel cell in the vehicle as an example to illustrate the function of the liquid hydrogen supply system. To improve performance, the aforementioned reversing unit 303, detection units, bypass valve 305, and valve components are all connected to the vehicle's ECU8 (Electronic Control Unit).

[0073] When adding liquid hydrogen to the hydrogen storage tank, drive the vehicle to the liquid hydrogen refueling station. Connect the refueling nozzle to the refueling port 103 and the return gas nozzle to the return gas port. First, open the second shut-off valve 106 to release pressure and return gas, then open the first shut-off valve 105 to fill with liquid hydrogen. During the filling process, as liquid hydrogen gradually enters, the liquid level gradually rises. The liquid level detection unit 101 monitors the changes in liquid level at any time and feeds back to the ECU 8. The third safety valve 409 can be opened at any time to release pressure in case of overpressure, ensuring the safety of the filling process. After filling is completed, close the first shut-off valve 105 and the second shut-off valve 106, and pull out the refueling nozzle and the return gas nozzle, thus completing the filling of liquid hydrogen into the hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0074] In this embodiment, when the hydrogen supply pump 2 is in use, the ECU8 controls the switching of the reversing section 303, causing the plunger to reciprocate upward and downward. Specifically, when the bypass valve 305 is not open, the oil inlet path when the plunger moves upward is: oil reservoir 301 → oil pump 302 → reversing section 303 → lower chamber of hydrogen supply pump 2, and the return path is: upper chamber of hydrogen supply pump 2 → reversing section 303 → return oil path 304 → oil reservoir 301. When the plunger moves downward, the oil inlet path is: oil reservoir 301 → oil pump 302 → reversing section 303 → upper chamber of hydrogen supply pump 2, and the return path is: lower chamber of hydrogen supply pump 2 → reversing section 303 → return oil path 304 → oil reservoir 301.

[0075] When the bypass valve 305 is open, the oil path is the same as described above. The difference is that at this time, a portion of the oil flowing out of the oil pump 302 bypasses the reversing section 303 and flows directly back to the oil reservoir 301 through the bypass valve 305. That is, oil reservoir 301 → oil pump 302 → bypass valve 305 → oil reservoir 301.

[0076] The heat dissipation unit 3041 on the return oil circuit 304 cools the returning hydraulic oil. Specifically, the plunger pump pressurizes the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen cylinder, drawing in low-pressure liquid hydrogen through the third one-way valve 602 and discharging high-pressure liquid hydrogen through the first one-way valve 407. The first safety valve 107 can open at any time to discharge in case of overpressure, ensuring safety during the pressurization process. In this embodiment, the plunger pump pressurization method can achieve rapid pressurization of liquid hydrogen with high efficiency, which can meet the working pressure requirements of high-power fuel cell stacks or hydrogen internal combustion engines.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the hydrogen supply branch 4 is in use, the liquid hydrogen is first vaporized and heated to room temperature by the vaporizer, and then the vaporized hydrogen is stabilized and regulated by the pressure stabilizer 402 before flowing into the hydrogen fuel cell. The hydrogen is then used to drive the engine 7 by generating electricity, or it can be replaced by a hydrogen internal combustion engine that directly draws in gaseous hydrogen to burn and generate power.

[0078] Because of the hydrogen loss during hydrogen consumption, the ECU8 can determine, based on the feedback from the pressure relief and recovery valve, whether the hydrogen flowing out of the hydrogen fuel cell is directly discharged to the outside through the exhaust gas treatment section 4041, or flows into the return gas filter and then flows back to the hydrogen storage tank 1 through the fourth one-way valve 201.

[0079] During hydrogen supply, the liquid level detection unit 101, the first pressure detection unit 406, and the two temperature detection units 405 perform real-time monitoring and feed back the corresponding detection information to the ECU 8. When the liquid level detection unit 101 detects that the liquid level in the hydrogen storage tank 1 is lower than the first preset threshold (e.g., 20% of the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 1), the liquid level detection unit 101 transmits the detected liquid level information to the ECU 8, and the ECU 8 displays a yellow warning indicating insufficient liquid level in the hydrogen storage tank 1 on the vehicle's display screen. When the liquid level detection unit 101 detects that the liquid level in the hydrogen storage tank 1 is lower than the second preset threshold (e.g., 10% of the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 1), the ECU 8 displays a red warning indicating insufficient liquid level in the hydrogen storage tank 1 on the display screen, at which point liquid hydrogen needs to be refilled immediately. It is understood that in this embodiment, the first preset threshold, the second preset threshold, and the third preset threshold can all be adaptively adjusted according to usage requirements.

[0080] When the temperature detection unit 405 detects that the temperature of the hydrogen supply branch 4 is below -40℃ or above 65℃, the temperature detection unit 405 will transmit the detection information to the ECU8. The ECU8 will then display a red warning for low or high hydrogen supply temperature on the vehicle's display screen. When the first pressure detection unit 406 detects that the pressure of the hydrogen supply branch 4 exceeds a preset threshold, it can send the detection information to the ECU8. The ECU8 will then open the second safety valve 202 to release pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the hydrogen supply branch 4.

[0081] The liquid hydrogen supply system described in this embodiment, by incorporating the hydrogen supply pump 2 within the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, eliminates the need for an external liquid hydrogen valve compared to traditional external pressurization methods. This simplifies the overall system structure, resulting in high pressurization efficiency and speed, while simultaneously meeting the operating pressure requirements of high-power fuel cell stacks and hydrogen internal combustion engines. Furthermore, this liquid hydrogen supply system does not require the on-board hydrogen storage cylinder 1 to be designed to match the operating pressure of the fuel cell system, thus reducing the cylinder's weight and consequently lowering the manufacturing cost of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1.

[0082] Furthermore, by optimizing the hydrogen supply branch 4 and incorporating a liquid hydrogen vaporization section 401, a pressure stabilizing section 402, a high-pressure buffer filter section 403, and a pressure relief and recovery section 404, the stability, reliability, and safety of the hydrogen supply are improved. Additionally, the inclusion of a reversing section 303, a return oil line 304, and a bypass valve 305 ensures the continuous and stable operation of the hydrogen supply pump 2 and enhances the overall performance of the high-liquid-hydrogen supply system.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] This embodiment relates to a vehicle equipped with the liquid hydrogen supply system described in Embodiment 1.

[0085] Specifically, the liquid hydrogen supply system is used to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen fuel cells in vehicles, thereby improving the performance of the hydrogen fuel cells to meet the power requirements of the vehicles. It also has the advantages of high efficiency and high stability, which helps to improve the drivability of the vehicles.

[0086] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: comprising a hydrogen storage bottle (1), a hydrogen supply pump (2) arranged on the hydrogen storage bottle (1), and a driving oil circuit (3) and a hydrogen supply branch (4) connected with the hydrogen supply pump (2); the hydrogen supply pump (2) is partially located in the hydrogen storage bottle (1), the liquid hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage bottle (1) can flow into the hydrogen supply pump (2) in one direction, and under the driving of the driving oil circuit (3), the hydrogen supply pump (2) can pressurize the inflowing liquid hydrogen and output it to the hydrogen supply branch (4) in one direction; the hydrogen supply branch (4) is provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporization part (401) and a pressure stabilizing part (402), the liquid hydrogen vaporization part (401) is used for vaporizing the liquid hydrogen, and the pressure stabilizing part (402) is used for pressure stabilizing and adjusting the vaporized hydrogen.

2. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen supply pump (2) is a plunger pump, and one end of the plunger pump is located in the hydrogen storage bottle (1).

3. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the driving oil circuit (3) comprises a oil storage part (301), an oil pump (302), and a reversing part (303) connected with upper and lower chambers of the hydrogen supply pump (2); the oil pump (302) can pressurize and deliver the oil in the oil storage part (301) to the reversing part (303), and the reversing part (303) can selectively guide the oil into the upper chamber or the lower chamber of the hydrogen supply pump (2) to drive the plunger of the hydrogen supply pump (2) to reciprocate.

4. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: further comprising a heat dissipation part (3041) arranged on the driving oil circuit (3); the heat dissipation part (3041) is arranged on an oil return circuit (304) between the reversing part (303) and the oil storage part (301), and is used for cooling the oil discharged from the reversing part (303).

5. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen supply branch (4) is provided with a high-pressure buffer filter part (403), and along the gas flow direction, the high-pressure buffer filter part (403) is located downstream of the pressure stabilizing part (402); the high-pressure buffer filter part (403) is used for impurity filtering and pressure buffering of the hydrogen gas output by the pressure stabilizing part (402).

6. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen supply branch (4) is connected with a pressure relief recovery part (404), and the pressure relief recovery part (404) is located at the end of the hydrogen supply branch (4) connected with a hydrogen-using device (5); the pressure relief recovery part (404) has a first outlet connected with the outside, and a second outlet in communication with the inside of the hydrogen storage bottle (1) through a recovery pipeline (6).

7. The liquid hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the first outlet is provided with a tail gas treatment part (4041), and the tail gas treatment part (4041) is used for purifying the tail gas discharged from the first outlet; and / or, ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The recovery pipeline (6) is provided with a filter (601) for filtering hydrogen in the recovery pipeline (6). 8.The liquid hydrogen hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply branch (4) is provided with a temperature detection part (405) and / or a first pressure detection part (406), and the temperature detection part (405) and / or the first pressure detection part (406) are located downstream of the pressure stabilizing part (402) in the hydrogen supply direction of the hydrogen supply branch (4). 9.The liquid hydrogen hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage bottle (1) is provided with a liquid level detection part (101) for detecting the liquid level in the hydrogen storage bottle (1), and / or a second pressure detection part (108) for detecting the pressure in the hydrogen storage bottle (1). 10.A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is provided with the liquid hydrogen hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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