Multi-station compact horizontal machining center

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-station compact horizontal machining center which comprises a lathe bed, a station storage mechanism, a station exchange mechanism, a clamping mechanism and a three-axis mechanism, the station storage mechanism is used for placing workbenches, and the station exchange mechanism is used for exchanging the workbenches between the station storage mechanism and a machining table. The clamping mechanism is used for installing a workpiece to be machined on the workbench and pushing the workbench to the station storage mechanism, the three-axis mechanism is used for controlling the machining table and the spindle box to move, automatic feeding is achieved through the clamping mechanism, and the station storage mechanism, the station exchange mechanism and the three-axis mechanism are improved, so that the occupied area is reduced, and the storage capacity is improved. The station exchange mechanism can synchronously exchange workpieces on two stations, the working efficiency is improved, the stability of overall movement can be improved through the design of the three-axis mechanism, and deviation during movement is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to processing center technical field especially relates to a multi -position compact horizontal machining center. BACKGROUND

[0002] Numerical control processing center is by mechanical equipment and numerical control system composition is applicable to the high efficiency automation machine tool of processing complex workpiece, it concentrates milling, boring, drilling, thread tapping and cutting thread function in a device, makes it have multiple process means. Processing center is provided with tool magazine, and the tool magazine stores different number of various tools or gauges, and is automatically selected and replaced by program during the processing. Numerical control processing center is one of the numerical control machine tools with the highest output and the most widely application in the world. It has strong comprehensive processing capacity, and can complete more processing contents after once clamping workpiece, and has high machining precision. For medium processing difficulty batch workpiece, its efficiency is 5-10 times of ordinary equipment, and it can complete many processing that ordinary equipment cannot complete, and is more suitable for single piece processing or small batch production of multiple varieties with complex shape and high precision.

[0003] The existing processing center has the following deficiencies: 1. The mechanical workpiece is generally placed on the storage mechanism when it is not processed, which is convenient for workers or mechanical hands to take, but the existing storage mechanism is generally horizontally arranged, which not only increases the occupied volume, but also generally stores workpieces; 2. The workpiece is taken off by the exchange mechanism when the mechanical workpiece is processed, and the unprocessed workpiece is exchanged to the machining table, but the existing exchange mechanism can only exchange individually, and cannot simultaneously exchange the workpieces on two workstations, which affects the work efficiency; 3. The existing processing center cannot realize automatic feeding when placing the workpiece into the storage mechanism, which affects the production efficiency; 4. The three-axis mechanism in the existing processing center is usually disassembled and installed on the bed body, but after a long time of use, the three axes will deviate from each other, resulting in a large matching error in the processing process and increasing the workload of later debugging; 5. The bed body and each machining body of the existing processing center are in a split type, which needs to be debugged on site when each machining body is installed on the bed body, increasing personnel consumption. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0004] The utility model aims at solving the above technical problems in the prior art, and provides a multi-station compact horizontal machining center, which realizes automatic feeding through the clamping mechanism, improves the storage capacity through the improvement of the work station storage mechanism, the work station exchange mechanism and the three-axis mechanism, reduces the occupied area, enables the exchange mechanism to simultaneously exchange the workpieces on two workstations, increases the work efficiency, and the design of the three-axis mechanism can increase the stability of the overall movement and avoid deviation during movement.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] A multi-station compact horizontal machining center, comprising

[0007] A bed body;

[0008] A machining table, the machining table is used for installing a worktable;

[0009] A spindle box, the spindle box is used for installing a tool and machining a workpiece on the worktable;

[0010] A tool changing mechanism, the tool changing mechanism is arranged on the bed body, and the tool changing mechanism is used for changing the tool on the spindle box; characterized in that further comprising:

[0011] A station storage mechanism, the station storage mechanism is used for placing the worktable;

[0012] A station exchange mechanism, the station exchange mechanism is used for transferring the worktable;

[0013] A clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism is used for installing a workpiece to be machined on the worktable and pushing the worktable to the station storage mechanism;

[0014] A three-axis mechanism, the three-axis mechanism is used for controlling the movement of the machining table and the spindle box.

[0015] Further, the station storage mechanism comprises a chain assembly, a bolt assembly and a first driving piece, the chain assembly is provided with a station positioning plate, the station positioning plate is used for limiting the installation of the worktable, the first driving piece drives the rotation of the chain assembly, the chain assembly drives the movement of the station positioning plate, the position conversion and adjustment of the worktable are realized, and the bolt assembly positions and fixes the worktable.

[0016] Further, the chain assembly comprises a sprocket, a roller, a sprocket fixing shaft and a guide disc, the sprocket and the guide disc are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, two sprockets are symmetrically fixed on the roller, the roller is fixed on the sprocket fixing shaft, the sprocket fixing shaft is connected with the first driving piece, and the sprocket and the corresponding guide disc are provided with a chain in tension therebetween; the first driving piece drives the rotation of the sprocket fixing shaft, the sprocket fixing shaft drives the synchronous rotation of the sprocket through the roller, and the chain is driven to rotate.

[0017] Further, the first driving piece comprises a rotary motor, an output end gear and a speed reduction gear one, the sprocket fixing shaft is rotationally connected with the rotary motor, the output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected with the output end gear, the speed reduction gear one is fixed on the sprocket fixing shaft, the output end gear is engaged with the speed reduction gear one, the rotary motor drives the rotation of the output end gear, the output end gear drives the rotation of the speed reduction gear one engaged therewith, and the speed reduction gear one drives the synchronous rotation of the sprocket fixing shaft fixedly connected therewith.

[0018] Further, the latch assembly comprises a mounting frame, a hydraulic cylinder, an ejection positioning pin and a displacement sensor, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the mounting frame, the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected with the ejection positioning pin through a connecting block, the displacement sensor is arranged below the connecting block, the work position positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole, the ejection positioning pin is matched with the positioning hole, the hydraulic cylinder pushes the ejection positioning pin to move and insert into the corresponding positioning hole, so as to position and fix the corresponding work position positioning plate.

[0019] Further, the work position exchange mechanism comprises a work position conversion arm, a conversion arm buckle, a second driving member and a third driving member, the conversion arm buckle is movably arranged on the work position conversion arm, the work position conversion arm is connected with the second driving member, the second driving member drives the work position conversion arm to rotate, the conversion arm buckle is connected with the third driving member, and the third driving member drives the conversion arm buckle to move along the work position conversion arm.

[0020] Further, the second driving member comprises a hydraulic motor, a motor gear and a second speed reduction gear, the hydraulic motor is connected with the motor gear, the work position conversion arm is provided with a work position conversion arm shaft, the second speed reduction gear is fixed on the work position conversion arm shaft, the motor gear is engaged with the second speed reduction gear, the hydraulic motor drives the motor gear to rotate, the motor gear drives the second speed reduction gear engaged therewith to rotate synchronously, and the second speed reduction gear drives the work position conversion arm shaft fixed therewith to rotate synchronously, so as to realize the conversion of the work position of the work position conversion arm.

[0021] Further, the third driving member comprises a rotary motor, a work position conversion arm inner shaft, a driving tooth and a rack, the work position conversion arm inner shaft is rotatably arranged in the work position conversion arm shaft, the rotary motor is fixed on the work position conversion arm shaft, one end of the work position conversion arm inner shaft is connected with the rotary motor, the other end of the work position conversion arm inner shaft is connected with the driving tooth, two racks are arranged in a staggered and symmetrical manner on the work position conversion arm, the two racks are engaged with the driving tooth, and the end portions of the two racks away from each other are fixedly provided with the conversion arm buckles; when the rotary motor drives the driving tooth to rotate through the work position conversion arm inner shaft, the two racks move towards or away from each other, so as to realize the movement of the two conversion arm buckles towards or away from each other.

[0022] Further, the clamping mechanism comprises a loading table, a turnover assembly and a pushing assembly, the turnover assembly and the pushing assembly are arranged on the loading table, the turnover assembly is used for overturning the workbench after the workpiece is installed, and the pushing assembly is used for pushing the overturned workbench to the work position storage mechanism.

[0023] Further, the turnover assembly comprises a turnover cylinder, a turnover table and a loading positioning plate, one end of the turnover cylinder is hingedly connected to the loading table, a hinge seat is hingedly connected to the piston end of the turnover cylinder, the hinge seat is connected with the turnover table, the loading positioning plate is arranged on the turnover table, and the loading positioning plate is used for positioning and placing the workbench on the turnover table; the turnover table is provided with a first guide seat, and the turnover of the turnover table and the loading positioning plate is driven by the extension and contraction of the turnover cylinder, so as to realize the turnover of the workbench.

[0024] Further, the rotating shaft is arranged on the turnover table, the loading positioning plate is fixedly connected with the top end of the rotating shaft, bearings three are arranged between the rotating shaft and the loading table, the bottom end of the rotating shaft extends into the turnover table and is fixedly connected with the clamping seat, the clamping seat is provided with a clamping hole, the bottom of the turnover table is provided with a mounting seat, the mounting seat is provided with a positioning hole, a partition seat is arranged in the turnover table and is movably clamped between the rotating shaft and the mounting seat, a partition plate is arranged in the middle of the partition seat, the turnover table is divided into an oil passage cavity one and an oil passage cavity two by the partition plate, a clamping pin is arranged through the partition plate, the tail of the clamping pin is movably clamped in the positioning hole, the head of the clamping pin is limitingly clamped in the corresponding clamping hole to position and fix the clamping seat, so as to lock the rotating shaft and the loading positioning plate, so that the workbench cannot rotate, the turnover table is provided with an oil inlet one and an oil inlet two on the side surface, the oil inlet one is communicated with the oil passage cavity one, and the oil inlet two is communicated with the oil passage cavity two.

[0025] When the workbench needs to be rotated, the pressure oil enters the oil passage cavity one from the oil inlet one and extrudes the partition plate downward, so that the partition seat drives the clamping pin to move downward, and the head of the clamping pin is released from the corresponding clamping hole to release the rotating shaft.

[0026] When the workbench is rotated to the position, the pressure oil enters the oil passage cavity two from the oil inlet two and extrudes the partition plate upward, so that the partition seat drives the clamping pin to move upward, and the head of the clamping pin is clamped into the corresponding clamping hole to lock the rotating shaft.

[0027] Further, the pushing assembly comprises a pushing cylinder, a limiting cylinder, a conveying arm one, a conveying arm two and a conveying arm base, the pushing cylinder is arranged on the loading table, the pushing cylinder is hingedly connected with the conveying arm two, the conveying arm one is hingedly connected with the conveying arm two, the conveying arm two is hingedly connected with the conveying arm base, the conveying arm base is fixedly installed on the loading table, the limiting cylinder is fixed on the conveying arm two, the piston end of the limiting cylinder is hingedly connected with the conveying arm one, the conveying arm one is provided with a pin shaft, the workbench is provided with a limiting groove, the limiting cylinder drives the conveying arm one to swing so that the pin shaft is clamped into the limiting groove, the pushing cylinder drives the conveying arm two to rotate, the conveying arm two drives the conveying arm one to move synchronously, and the conveying arm one drives the workbench to be pushed into the work position storage mechanism through the pin shaft.

[0028] Further, the three-axis mechanism comprises a column and an X-axis supporting plate, the X-axis supporting plate is slidably arranged on the column through an X-axis moving device, the X-axis moving device is used for driving the X-axis supporting plate to move along the X-axis direction, the machining table is slidably arranged on the X-axis supporting plate through a Y-axis moving device, the Y-axis moving device is used for driving the machining table to move along the Y-axis direction, and the spindle box is slidably arranged on the column through a Z-axis moving device, the Z-axis moving device is used for driving the spindle box to move along the Z-axis direction and processing the workpiece on the workbench.

[0029] Further, the X-axis moving device, the Y-axis moving device and the Z-axis moving device each comprise a screw rod, a motor, a screw nut, a sliding rail and a sliding block, the motor is connected with the screw rod, the screw nut is arranged on the screw rod, the motor drives the screw rod to rotate, the screw nut moves along the screw rod, and the sliding block and the sliding rail are matched to realize sliding.

[0030] Further, the machining center further comprises a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism comprises a water tank formed by bending the bed body and a flow passage, the flow passage is communicated with the water tank, a filter screen is arranged in the flow passage, and a water pump is arranged at the other end of the flow passage; water in the water tank is filtered through the filter screen and then pumped out by the water pump, so that the workpiece and the tool are cooled.

[0031] Further, the bottom of the bed body is provided with a socket, and the socket is used for facilitating the loading and unloading of the machining center by a forklift and facilitating transportation.

[0032] The machining center has the following beneficial effects due to the adoption of the above technical scheme.

[0033] 1. The automatic loading is realized through the clamping mechanism, the occupied area is reduced, the storage capacity is improved, the workpiece exchange mechanism can realize the synchronous exchange of the workpieces on two workstations, the work efficiency is improved, the design of the three-axis mechanism can increase the stability of the overall movement, and the deviation during movement is avoided.

[0034] 2. The workpiece storage mechanism is designed in a vertical direction, the occupied volume is reduced, the vertical placement of the workbench is also beneficial to the falling of sundries on the workbench, each workbench is placed on a workstation positioning plate, the workpiece is clamped on the workbench, the first driving member drives the workstation positioning plate to move through the chain assembly, the rotation cycle of the workbench is realized, and the plug assembly fixes the workbench after rotation, so that the workbench exchange operation of the workpiece exchange mechanism is facilitated, the whole operation process is quick and simple, the failure rate is small, the operation action is accurate and reliable, the subsequent maintenance cost is effectively reduced.

[0035] 3. The workpiece storage mechanism is provided with a plurality of workbenches, the clamping mechanism stores the workpiece on the workpiece storage mechanism after completing clamping, the workpiece exchange of the workpiece is realized through the exchange of the workbench by the workpiece exchange mechanism, so that the continuous machining of the workpiece can be realized, the machine can work for 24 hours without stopping, the worker can leave to do other processes after one-time clamping, the full-automatic machining of multiple workstations is completed, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the labor cost is saved, different tooling and different products can be clamped on the multiple workstations, so that the switching of different product machining operations is realized, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the production cost is reduced.

[0036] 4. The second driving member drives the work station conversion arm to rotate, and the third driving member drives the conversion arm buckle to move along the work station conversion arm, so that the synchronous exchange operation of the work pieces on the two work stations is realized, the work pieces on the two work stations are synchronously put in and taken out, and thus the work efficiency is effectively improved.

[0037] 5. The loading plate is arranged to rotate by the rotating shaft, so that the work staff can conveniently load the work pieces onto the workbench, after the workbench is turned over to the parallel state with the work station positioning plate by the turnover cylinder, the workbench is pushed into the work station storage mechanism by the pushing cylinder, so that the automatic feeding purpose is realized, manual operation is reduced, and the feeding efficiency is increased.

[0038] 6. The X-axis supporting plate is arranged on the column through the X-axis moving device, and the column and the supporting plate are integrally casted, so that the strength of the column is increased, the Y-axis moving device and the Z-axis moving device are arranged on the X-axis supporting plate and the supporting plate, the column is formed in a whole design, the stability of mutual movement is increased, the processability of the column is stronger, the comprehensive performance is better, the mechanical stability is good, the three axes are prevented from deviating, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

[0039] 7. The bottom of the bed body is provided with a socket, the work station storage mechanism, the work station exchange mechanism, the clamping mechanism and the three-axis mechanism are installed on the bed body, after the machining center is debugged, the machining center is integrally carried through the cooperation of the forklift and the socket, the carrying of the machining center is more convenient, the carrying amount is reduced, on-site debugging is reduced, and personnel consumption is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] The utility model will be further described in connection with the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram (one) of the utility model of a multi-station compact horizontal machining center;

[0042] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic diagram (two) of the utility model of a multi-station compact horizontal machining center;

[0043] Figure 3 It is the initial structure schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism, the work station storage mechanism and the work station exchange mechanism in the utility model;

[0044] Figure 4 It is the running state schematic diagram (one) of the clamping mechanism, the work station storage mechanism and the work station exchange mechanism in the utility model;

[0045] Figure 5 It is the running state schematic diagram (two) of the clamping mechanism, the work station storage mechanism and the work station exchange mechanism in the utility model;

[0046] Figure 6It is the running state schematic view (three) of the clamping mechanism, the work station storage mechanism and the work station exchange mechanism in the utility model;

[0047] Figure 7 It is the running state schematic view (four) of the clamping mechanism, the work station storage mechanism and the work station exchange mechanism in the utility model;

[0048] Figure 8 It is the structure schematic view (one) of the work station storage mechanism in the utility model;

[0049] Figure 9 It is the structure schematic view (two) of the work station storage mechanism in the utility model;

[0050] Figure 10 It is the structure schematic view of the first driving part and chain assembly connection in the utility model;

[0051] Figure 11 It is the structure schematic view of the bolt assembly in the utility model;

[0052] Figure 12 It is the structure schematic view of the work station positioning plate in the utility model;

[0053] Figure 13 It is the structure schematic view of the workbench in the utility model;

[0054] Figure 14 It is the structure schematic view of the work station exchange mechanism initial state in the utility model;

[0055] Figure 15 It is the structure schematic view of the work station exchange mechanism exchange state in the utility model;

[0056] Figure 16 It is the sectional view of the utility model Figure 15 ;

[0057] Figure 17 It is the structure schematic view of the third driving part and conversion arm buckle connection in the utility model;

[0058] Figure 18 It is the structure schematic view of the clamping mechanism in the utility model;

[0059] Figure 19 It is the structure schematic view of the turnover assembly in the utility model;

[0060] Figure 20 It is the structure schematic view of the push assembly in the utility model;

[0061] Figure 21 It is the sectional view of the utility model Figure 26 A-A in the utility model;

[0062] Figure 22 It is the structure schematic view of three-axis mechanism in the utility model;

[0063] Figure 23 It is the structure schematic view of X-axis moving device and Y-axis moving device in the utility model;

[0064] Figure 24 It is the structure schematic view of X-axis supporting plate and Y-axis moving device in the utility model;

[0065] Figure 25 It is the structure schematic view of main shaft box and driving device in the utility model;

[0066] Figure 26 It is the structure schematic view of driving device in the utility model;

[0067] Figure 27 It is the top view of bed body in the utility model;

[0068] Figure 28 It is the top view of cooling mechanism in the utility model.

[0069] In the drawing: 1-bed body;11-display electric box;111-operation panel;12-main electric box;13-hydraulic station;14-main processing cabin door;15-exchange central control door;151-hydraulic cylinder;16-chip removal machine;

[0070] 2-processing table;21-workbench;211-induction part;212-groove;213-workbench positioning pin;214-limiting groove;215-horizontal sliding slot;

[0071] 3-main shaft box;31-main shaft;32-driving device;321-main shaft motor;322-driving gear;323-driven gear;33-fixed part three;4-tool changing mechanism;

[0072] 5-workstation storage mechanism;51-rack body;511-fixed support;512-fixed rod;513-fixed hole;514-induction switch;515-assistant sliding slot;516-rolling groove;52-chain assembly;521-sprocket;522-roller;523-sprocket fixed shaft;524-guiding disc;525-chain;53-bolt assembly;531-mounting frame;532-hydraulic oil cylinder;533-ejecting positioning pin;534-displacement sensor;535-connecting block;54-first driving part;541-rotary motor;542-output gear;543-reduction gear one;55-workstation positioning plate;551-positioning groove;552-positioning hole;553-roller;56-workstation positioning pin;

[0073] 6 - position exchange mechanism; 61 - position conversion support; 611 - sensor one; 612 - sensor two; 613 - sensor three; 614 - position conversion arm signal collector; 615 - limit pin; 62 - position conversion arm; 621 - position conversion arm shaft; 6211 - position conversion arm rotating seat; 6212 - position conversion arm signal disc three; 6213 - bearing two; 6214 - position conversion arm motor seat; 622 - pressing strip; 623 - sliding groove; 624 - abutting block; 63 - conversion arm buckle; 64 - second driving member; 641 - hydraulic motor; 642 - motor gear; 643 - speed reduction gear two; 65 - third driving member; 651 - rotary motor; 6511 - position conversion arm signal disc two; 652 - position conversion arm inner shaft; 6521 - external thread section; 6522 - position conversion arm signal disc one; 6523 - bearing one; 653 - driving tooth; 654 - rack; 66 - auxiliary frame;

[0074] 7 - clamping mechanism; 71 - loading table; 711 - second guide seat; 712 - connecting piece; 72 - overturning assembly; 721 - overturning cylinder; 722 - overturning table; 723 - loading positioning plate; 724 - hinge seat; 725 - first guide seat; 73 - pushing assembly; 731 - pushing cylinder; 732 - limiting cylinder; 733 - conveying arm one; 734 - conveying arm two; 735 - conveying arm base; 736 - pin shaft; 74 - rotating shaft; 75 - bearing three; 76 - clamping seat; 761 - clamping hole; 77 - mounting seat; 771 - positioning hole; 78 - separation seat; 781 - separation piece; 782 - oil passage cavity one; 783 - oil passage cavity two; 784 - clamping pin; 79 - oil inlet one; 710 - oil inlet two;

[0075] 8 - three-axis mechanism; 81 - column; 811 - X-axis support plate; 8111 - fixed part one; 8112 - fixed block; 812 - fixed seat; 82 - X-axis moving device; 821 - X-axis slide rail; 822 - X-axis slide block; 823 - X-axis screw rod; 824 - X-axis motor; 825 - X-axis screw rod nut; 826 - X-axis screw rod seat; 827 - X-axis coupling; 828 - nitrogen balance cylinder; 829 - nitrogen cylinder; 8210 - piston rod; 83 - Y-axis moving device; 831 - Y-axis slide rail; 832 - Y-axis slide block; 833 - Y-axis screw rod; 834 - Y-axis motor; 835 - Y-axis screw rod nut; 836 - Y-axis screw rod seat; 837 - Y-axis coupling; 84 - Z-axis moving device; 841 - Z-axis slide rail; 842 - Z-axis slide block; 843 - Z-axis screw rod; 844 - Z-axis motor; 845 - Z-axis screw rod nut; 846 - Z-axis screw rod seat; 847 - Z-axis coupling;

[0076] 9 - cooling mechanism; 91 - water tank; 92 - flow passage; 93 - filter screen; 94 - water pump; 95 - dust collecting member; 96 - jack; 10 - spring pin. Detailed Implementation

[0077] like Figures 1 to 28 As shown, this utility model discloses a multi-station compact horizontal machining center, including a bed 1, a machining table 2, a spindle box 3, a tool changer 4, a workstation storage mechanism 5, a workstation exchange mechanism 6, a clamping mechanism 7, a three-axis mechanism 8, and a cooling mechanism 9. Through the design and improvement of the above mechanisms, automated feeding is achieved, reducing the occupied area and increasing storage capacity. Furthermore, the workstation exchange mechanism 6 enables simultaneous exchange of workpieces between two workstations, increasing work efficiency. The design of the three-axis mechanism 8 increases the overall stability of the motion and avoids slippage during movement. The offset occurs, wherein the machining table 2 is used to install the worktable 21, the spindle box 3 is used to install the cutting tool and process the workpiece on the worktable 21, and the tool changing mechanism 4 is used to replace the cutting tool on the spindle box 3 to improve the tool changing efficiency. The machining table 2 and the tool changing mechanism 4 are existing technologies. For details, please refer to the applicant's application entitled "New Horizontal Machining Table" (application publication number: CN116000654A) and "A Tool Changing Device with Chain Tool Magazine" (application publication number: CN115488676A), so they will not be described further here.

[0078] In addition, the machine bed 1 is equipped with a display box 11, a main control box 12, a hydraulic station 13, a main machining compartment door 14, a central control exchange door 15, and a chip conveyor 16. The display box 11 has an operation panel 111, through which the operating status of the machining center can be observed in real time, realizing human-machine information exchange and facilitating the operation of the machining center. The operation panel 111 can be rotated 90° so that the operator can simultaneously view the operation panel 111 while normally observing the workpiece on the worktable 21. The tool changing mechanism 4 is located above the display box 11 and the spindle box 3, facilitating the replacement of tools on the spindle box 3, improving tool changing efficiency, and reducing space waste. The main control box 12 is used to house various electrical components such as power supplies, drives, relays, circuit breakers, and transformers. The hydraulic station 13... The main machining compartment door 14 is used to provide hydraulic power for the entire machine and complete the hydraulic operation of each department. It can slide open to the left to facilitate the operator's auxiliary operation when processing workpieces. When automatic processing is required, the door can be closed for processing, which serves as a protective function. The exchange control door 15 and the main machining compartment door 14 form a processing area where workpieces are processed. The exchange control door 15 separates the workstation exchange mechanism 6 and the three-axis mechanism 8. During the exchange, the exchange control door 15 can be extended upward through the hydraulic cylinder 151 to exchange the worktable 21. After the exchange is completed, the control door is closed downward to seal the processing area. The chip conveyor 16 is used to promptly discharge the chips generated during processing from the bed 1. The chip conveyor 16 is prior art, specifically refer to application publication number: CN117047547A.

[0079] The workstation storage mechanism 5 is located between the workstation exchange mechanism 6 and the clamping mechanism 7. It is used to place the worktable 21 loaded with workpieces. The workstation storage mechanism 5 has a frame body 51. A fixed support 511 is provided at the bottom of the frame body 51. A fixed rod 512 is provided on the bottom surface of the fixed support 511. A fixed hole 513 is provided on the fixed rod 512. The workstation storage mechanism 5 is installed on the bed 1 through the fixed hole 513 on the fixed rod 512. The fixed support 511 and the frame body 51 are fixed with screws, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and ensures the structural stability after assembly. The workstation storage mechanism 5 includes a chain assembly 52, a pin assembly 53 and a first drive member 54. The chain assembly 52 is provided with a workstation positioning plate 55. The worktable 21 is limited and installed on the workstation positioning plate 55. The first drive member 54 drives the chain assembly 52 to rotate. Component 52 drives the station positioning plate 55 to move, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the workbench 21. The pin component 53 positions and fixes the workbench 21 in the correct position. The entire mechanism is designed vertically, which saves space compared to the traditional horizontal design. The vertical placement of the workbench 21 also facilitates the falling off of debris. Each workbench 21 is placed on a corresponding station positioning plate 55. The first drive component 54 drives the station positioning plate 55 to rotate through the chain component 52, realizing the rotation cycle of the workbench 21. The pin component 53 then positions and fixes the workbench 21 in the correct position, thus facilitating the exchange operation of the workbench exchange mechanism 6 on the workbench 21. The entire operation process is quick and simple, with a low failure rate, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the operation, and effectively reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0080] Specifically, the chain assembly 52 includes a sprocket 521, a roller 522, a sprocket fixing shaft 523, and a guide disc 524. The sprocket 521 and the guide disc 524 are arranged vertically correspondingly. The guide disc 524 is fixed on the frame body 51. The two sprockets 521 are symmetrically fixed on the roller 522. The roller 522 is fixed on the sprocket fixing shaft 523. The sprocket fixing shaft 523 is connected to the first driving member 54. A chain 525 is tensioned between the sprocket 521 and the corresponding guide disc 524. The first driving member 54 drives the sprocket fixing shaft 523 to rotate. Shaft 523 drives sprocket 521 to rotate synchronously via roller 522, thereby driving chain 525 to rotate. Roller 522 is connected between the two sprockets 521, and the roller 522 is then mounted onto sprocket fixed shaft 523. Sprocket fixed shaft 523 is directly rotatably connected to rotary motor 541. Ball bearings are installed inside rotary motor 541. Sprocket fixed shaft 523 is connected to ball bearings, which achieves the connection and fixation between sprocket fixed shaft 523 and rotary motor 541 without affecting the operation of drive components to drive the rotation of sprocket fixed shaft 523.

[0081] The first driving component 54 includes a rotary motor 541, an output gear 542, and a reduction gear 543. A sprocket fixing shaft 523 is rotatably connected to the rotary motor 541. The output end of the rotary motor 541 is fixedly connected to the output gear 542. The reduction gear 543 is fixedly mounted on the sprocket fixing shaft 523. The output gear 542 meshes with the reduction gear 543. The rotary motor 541 drives the output gear 542 to rotate, which in turn drives the meshed reduction gear 543 to rotate. The reduction gear 543 then drives the fixedly connected sprocket fixing shaft 523 to rotate. The shaft 523 rotates synchronously, and the rotary motor 541 provides the power source. Through the output end gear 542 and the reduction gear 543, the sprocket 521 is driven to rotate. The sprocket 521 then drives the chain 525 to rotate, realizing the rotation adjustment of the worktable 21. Through the transmission meshing of the output end gear 542 and the reduction gear 543, the sprocket fixed shaft 523 can reach the set speed, controlling the transmission speed of the chain 525, and thus controlling the rotation adjustment speed of the worktable 21. This makes the rotation adjustment process of the worktable 21 more stable, improves operational safety, and reduces the failure rate.

[0082] A station positioning pin 56 connects the two chains 525. The station positioning pins 56 are evenly distributed along the length of the chains 525. A positioning groove 551 is provided on the station positioning plate 55. The station positioning plate 55 is limited and engaged with the station positioning pin 56 through the positioning groove 551. The station positioning pin 56 connects the two chains 525, making the chain assembly 52 structure more stable and reliable. At the same time, the engagement between the station positioning pin 56 and the positioning groove 551 on the station positioning plate 55 realizes the locking and fixing of the station positioning plate 55 on the chain assembly 52, which is convenient for installation. After the station positioning plate 55 is engaged with the station positioning pin 56, it can further limit and stabilize the two chains 525, making the operation of the chain assembly 52 more stable and reducing the failure rate.

[0083] The pin assembly 53 includes a mounting bracket 531, a hydraulic cylinder 532, an ejector positioning pin 533, and a displacement sensor 534. The hydraulic cylinder 532 is fixed on the mounting bracket 531. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 532 is connected to the ejector positioning pin 533 through a connecting block 535. The displacement sensor 534 is located below the connecting block 535. The workstation positioning plate 55 is provided with a positioning hole 552. The ejector positioning pin 533 matches the positioning hole 552. The hydraulic cylinder 532 pushes the ejector positioning pin 533 to move and insert it into the corresponding positioning hole 552, thereby positioning and fixing the required worktable 21, which facilitates the subsequent exchange operation of the workstation exchange mechanism 6 on the worktable 21. At the same time, during the pushing process of the hydraulic cylinder 532, the displacement sensor 534 senses the pushing displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 532 to ensure that the ejector positioning pin 533 moves to the correct position, thereby improving the reliability of the entire operation process.

[0084] A sensor switch 514 is provided on the frame body 51, and a sensor part 211 is provided on the worktable 21. The sensor part 211 is provided with grooves 212. The sensor switch 514 detects the change in the number of grooves 212 to identify the worktable 21. Multiple worktables 21 are provided, and the number of grooves 212 on the sensing part 211 of each worktable 21 is variable. For example, the sensing part 211 of worktable 21 has one groove 212, the sensing part 211 of worktable 21 has two grooves 212, and so on. Due to the change in the number of grooves 212, the induction switch 514 can sense each worktable 21. When a certain worktable 21 is needed, the mechanism starts to rotate until the induction switch 514 senses that the corresponding worktable 21 has moved into place. Then, the worktable 21 is stopped in the exchangeable position, realizing the precise positioning of the worktable 21 and the pin assembly 53. Then, the pin assembly 53 is used to fix the corresponding worktable 21, which facilitates the subsequent exchange operation of the worktable 21 by the workstation exchange mechanism 6.

[0085] A workbench positioning pin 213 is provided on the back of the workbench 21, and an auxiliary slide 515 is provided on the frame body 51. The workbench positioning pin 213 is slidably engaged in the auxiliary slide 515. The workbench positioning pin 213 facilitates the exchange operation of the workbench 21 by the workstation exchange mechanism 6. The design of the auxiliary slide 515 in conjunction with the workbench positioning pin 213 facilitates the placement of the workbench 21. At the same time, during the rotation and adjustment process of the workbench 21 driven by the chain assembly 52, the workbench positioning pin 213 always moves synchronously along the auxiliary slide 515, improving the stability and reliability of the rotation and adjustment process of the workbench 21.

[0086] The workstation positioning plate 55 is equipped with rollers 553, and the frame body 51 is equipped with a rolling groove 516. The rollers 553 slide and engage with the rolling groove 516. The rollers 553 and the rolling groove 516 work together to achieve the rolling engagement of the workstation positioning plate 55 on the frame body 51. As the chain assembly 52 drives the workstation positioning plate 55 to rotate cyclically, the rollers 553 slide synchronously along the rolling groove 516, which further improves the stability and reliability of the worktable 21 during cyclic rotation and reduces the failure rate.

[0087] The workstation exchange mechanism 6 is located between the workstation storage mechanism 5 and the three-axis mechanism 8. It is used to transfer the worktable 21. Specifically, it can exchange the worktable 21 loaded with unprocessed workpieces on the workstation storage mechanism 5 to the three-axis mechanism 8 for workpiece processing, or it can exchange the worktable 21 loaded with processed workpieces on the three-axis mechanism 8 to the workstation storage mechanism 5, or it can exchange both simultaneously. This achieves the purpose of installing the worktable 21 loaded with unprocessed workpieces onto the processing table 2 and placing the worktable 21 loaded with processed workpieces into the workstation storage mechanism 5. Workpieces are installed on the worktable 21. By exchanging the worktable 21, the workstation of the workpieces can be exchanged, thereby enabling continuous processing of workpieces. At the same time, different workpiece products can be placed on the worktable 21, thereby enabling switching between processing operations of different products, greatly improving efficiency and reducing production costs. During the exchange of the worktable 21, there is no need to disassemble or assemble the tooling. The tooling, workpieces, and corresponding worktables 21 are exchanged together, eliminating the workpiece processing and debugging process. After successful exchange, processing operations can be started directly, thereby effectively improving the processing speed.

[0088] The workstation exchange mechanism 6 includes a workstation conversion arm 62, a conversion arm latch 63, a second drive component 64, and a third drive component 65. The workstation conversion arm 62 is equipped with a workstation conversion arm shaft 621, which is rotatably mounted on a workstation conversion support 61. The conversion arm latch 63 is movably mounted on the workstation conversion arm 62. The workstation conversion arm 62 is connected to the second drive component 64, which drives the workstation conversion arm 62 to rotate. The conversion arm latch 63 is connected to the third drive component 65, which drives the conversion arm latch 63 to move along the workstation conversion arm 62. By driving the workstation conversion arm 62 to rotate through the second drive component 64 and by driving the conversion arm latch 63 to move along the workstation conversion arm 62 through the third drive component 65, the workstation conversion arm 62 can be synchronously exchanged between two workstations. The workstations at the two workstations can be synchronously entered and exited, thereby effectively improving work efficiency. The structure is simple and reasonable, highly practical, small in size, widely applicable, easy to operate, and ensures accurate and reliable operation.

[0089] The second driving component 64 includes a hydraulic motor 641, a motor gear 642, and a reduction gear 643. The hydraulic motor 641 is fixed on the workstation conversion support 61 and is connected to the motor gear 642. The workstation conversion arm 62 is provided with a workstation conversion arm shaft 621, and the reduction gear 643 is fixed on the workstation conversion arm shaft 621. The motor gear 642 meshes with the reduction gear 643. The hydraulic motor 641 drives the motor gear 642 to rotate, and the motor gear 642 drives the meshed reduction gear 643 to rotate synchronously. The second speed gear 643 then drives the synchronous rotation of the station conversion arm shaft 621 fixed thereto, realizing the conversion of the station position of the station conversion arm 62. The hydraulic motor 641 provides the power source, which drives the station conversion arm shaft 621 to rotate through the motor gear 642 and the second speed gear 643, thereby driving the station conversion arm 62 to rotate. Moreover, the motor gear 642 and the second speed gear 643 enable the station conversion arm shaft 621 to reach the set speed, controlling the rotation speed of the station conversion arm shaft 621, making the entire exchange operation process more stable and safe.

[0090] The third driving component 65 includes a rotary motor 651, an inner shaft 652 of a workstation conversion arm, a drive gear 653, and a rack 654. The inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm is rotatably mounted inside the workstation conversion arm shaft 621. The rotary motor 651 is fixed on the workstation conversion arm shaft 621. One end of the inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm is connected to the rotary motor 651, and the other end of the inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm is connected to the drive gear 653. Two racks 654 are symmetrically and staggered on the workstation conversion arm 62. Both racks 654 mesh with the drive gear 653. A conversion arm latch 63 is fixedly provided at the far ends of the two racks 654. When the rotary motor 651 drives the drive gear 653 to rotate through the inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm, the two racks 654 move towards or away from each other, thereby realizing the opposite movement of the two conversion arm latches 63. A rotary motor 651 provides a power source, driving the inner shaft 652 of the workstation switching arm to rotate. The inner shaft 652 of the workstation switching arm drives the drive gear 653 to rotate. The drive gear 653 drives the two racks 654 meshing with it to move in opposite directions, thereby realizing the opposite movement of the switching arm latches 63 on the two racks 654. The switching arm latches 63 are also engaged with the corresponding worktables 21. Thus, the exchange operation of the two worktables 21 is realized by the movement of the two switching arm latches 63. The worktables 21 also have corresponding tooling on them. By exchanging the two worktables 21, the workstation exchange operation between the two workpieces can be realized. The whole operation process is smooth and simple.

[0091] Two pressure strips 622 are provided on the workstation conversion arm 62, forming a sliding groove 623 between the two pressure strips 622 and the workstation conversion arm 62. The conversion arm buckle 63 is set in the sliding groove 623. The two pressure strips 622 correspond to two racks 654, and the pressure strips 622 limit and press against the side of the corresponding racks 654. The pressure strips 622 and the workstation conversion arm 62 have pre-drilled holes, which, with the help of screws, can be detached and installed, facilitating the disassembly, assembly, and maintenance of the internal racks 654 and the conversion arm buckle 63. The pressure strips 622 limit and press against the side of the racks 654. The rack 654 is fitted with a sliding engagement mechanism on its side, which, in conjunction with the conversion arm latch 63, slides within the groove 623. This allows the rack 654 to move only along the direction of the corresponding pressure bar 622. Simultaneously, the rack 654 drives the corresponding conversion arm latch 63 to move synchronously along the groove 623, effectively improving the structural stability and reliability of the assembled structure. This makes the workstation exchange process safer and smoother. Both sides of the workstation conversion arm 62 are equipped with oil passages, which facilitate the addition of lubricating oil to lubricate the rack 654.

[0092] A bearing 6523 is installed between the inner shaft 652 and the shaft 621 of the workstation transfer arm. The bearing 6523 is located at both ends of the inner shaft 652, and the rotation between the inner shaft 652 and the shaft 621 is achieved through the bearing 6523. When the rotary motor 651 is started, it drives the inner shaft 652 to rotate within the bearing 6523 in the shaft 621. The bearing 6523 enables the rotation between the inner shaft 652 and the shaft 621, reduces friction and wear between them, and is more conducive to the rotation of the inner shaft 652.

[0093] An external thread section 6521 is provided at the end of the inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm that connects to the rotary motor 651. A workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522 is screwed onto the external thread section 6521. A sensor 611 and a sensor 612 are provided on the workstation conversion support 61. The sensor 611 and the sensor 612 are distributed on the left and right sides of the workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522. When the rotary motor 651 drives the inner shaft 652 of the workstation conversion arm to rotate, the workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522 moves synchronously left and right along the external thread section 6521. The rotary motor 651 drives the inner shaft 652 of the station conversion arm to rotate, realizing the opposite or forward movement of the two conversion arm latches 63. Through the cooperation of the station conversion arm signal disk 6522 and the sensors 611 and 612, it is similar to setting two limit switches. When the station conversion arm signal disk 6522 touches the sensor 611 or the sensor 612, it means that the set limit switch position has been reached, indicating that the corresponding action of the rotary motor 651 is correct and in place. This accurately controls whether the action of the rotary motor 651 is in place, ensuring that the conversion arm latches 63 are moved into place, thereby improving the smoothness, efficiency and safety of the exchange operation.

[0094] A second signal disk 6511 for a station conversion arm is installed on the outer side of the rotary motor 651, and a third sensor 613 is installed on the station conversion support 61, located directly below the second signal disk 6511. The third sensor 613 is used to detect the signal from the second signal disk 6511. When the station conversion arm 62 is in its initial vertical position, the third sensor 613 corresponds to the groove 212 on the second signal disk 6511. This arrangement facilitates subsequent control of the accuracy of the rotary motor 651's reset, ensuring that the hydraulic motor 641's reset action is correct and in place. During the entire workstation exchange process, the rotary motor 651 rotates synchronously with the rotation of the workstation switching arm shaft 621 and the workstation switching arm 62. The workstation switching arm shaft 621 and the workstation switching arm 62 are driven to rotate by the hydraulic motor 641. After the entire exchange operation is completed, the hydraulic motor 641 drives the workstation switching arm 62 to rotate and reset, and at the same time, the rotary motor 651 also rotates and resets synchronously. When the sensor 3 613 senses the groove 212 on the workstation switching arm signal disk 2 6511, it indicates that the rotary motor 651 has reset to the correct position, and the hydraulic motor 641 has correctly completed its reset action. Sensors 1 611, 2 612, and 3 613 are all mounted on an auxiliary frame 66, which is fixedly connected to the workstation switching support 61. The design is reasonable and effectively ensures the secure installation of the sensors.

[0095] A station conversion arm rotating seat 621 is provided on the station conversion arm shaft 621. The station conversion arm rotating seat 6211 is connected to the station conversion arm shaft 621 by a key, and the station conversion arm rotating seat 6211 is locked and fixed to the station conversion arm shaft 621 by a lock nut, which effectively ensures the installation is firm and reliable. A station conversion arm motor seat 6214 is fixedly connected to the station conversion arm rotating seat 6211, and a rotary motor 651 is fixedly installed on the station conversion arm motor seat 6214. The motor mount 6214 of the workstation conversion arm has a slot to facilitate the installation of the workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522 and the motor mount 6214. A guide rod is also installed within the slot, passing through the workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522. This guide rod assists in guiding and limiting the movement of the workstation conversion arm signal disk 6522, making its movement more stable and reliable. The motor mount 6214 and the workstation conversion arm rotating seat 6211 are fixedly connected by screws, as is the rotary motor 651 and the motor mount 6214. This design is reasonable, easy to install and disassemble, and ensures the structural stability after assembly.

[0096] A workstation switching arm signal disk 6212 is fixed on the workstation switching arm shaft 621, and a workstation switching arm signal collector 614 is provided on the workstation switching support 61. The workstation switching arm signal collector 614 is located directly above the workstation switching arm signal disk 6212. When the workstation switching arm shaft 621 drives the workstation switching arm signal disk 6212 to rotate, the workstation switching arm signal collector 614 senses the change of the signal teeth on the workstation switching arm signal disk 6212. By combining the workstation changer arm signal collector 614 with the workstation changer arm signal disk 6212, the rotation angle of the workstation changer arm shaft 621 can be precisely controlled, ensuring the accuracy of the workstation change position of the workstation changer arm 62. The workstation changer arm 62 is equipped with abutment protrusions 624, and the workstation change support 61 is equipped with limit pins 615. The limit pins 615 are located on both sides of the workstation changer arm shaft 621. The design of the abutment protrusions 624 and the two limit pins 615 can be used for mechanical limiting after the failure of the workstation changer arm signal disk 6212 and the workstation changer arm signal collector 614, preventing the workstation changer arm shaft 621 from rotating excessively and improving operational safety.

[0097] A second bearing 6213 is installed between the workstation transfer arm shaft 621 and the workstation transfer support 61. The second bearing 6213 is distributed at both ends of the workstation transfer arm shaft 621, and the rotation between the workstation transfer arm shaft 621 and the workstation transfer support 61 is achieved through the second bearing 6213. When the hydraulic motor 641 is started, it drives the workstation transfer arm shaft 621 to rotate in the second bearing 6213 within the workstation transfer support 61. The installation of the second bearing 6213 enables the rotation between the workstation transfer arm shaft 621 and the workstation transfer support 61, reduces friction and wear between the two, and thus facilitates the workstation transfer operation of the workstation transfer arm 62.

[0098] In its initial state, the workstation switching mechanism 6 has the workstation switching arm 62 perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Then, the hydraulic motor 641 starts, causing the workstation switching arm 62 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, making it parallel to the horizontal plane. The two switching arm latches 63 on the workstation switching arm 62 then engage with the corresponding two worktables 21, each worktable 21 having a workpiece mounted on it. Next, the rotary motor 651 starts, driving the drive gear 653 to rotate. The drive gear 653 drives two racks 654 to move towards each other, and the racks 654 drive the switching arm latches 63 to move synchronously towards each other, thus dragging the worktable 21 engaged with the switching arm latches 63 to the worktable. In the middle of the position conversion arm 62, the worktable 21 drives the workpiece to detach from the corresponding workstation. Then, the hydraulic motor 641 continues to drive the position conversion arm 62 to rotate 180° clockwise, exchanging the positions of the two worktables 21. Then, the rotary motor 651 is started to drive the two racks 654 to move in opposite directions. The racks 654 drive the corresponding worktable 21 to move outward through the conversion arm latch 63, exchanging and installing the two worktables 21 to the corresponding other workstation, realizing the exchange operation between the worktables 21 on the two workstations. Finally, the hydraulic motor 641 drives the position conversion arm 62 to rotate 90° counterclockwise, returning to the original position to wait for the next exchange operation.

[0099] The clamping mechanism 7 is located on one side of the workstation storage mechanism 5. It is used to install the workpiece to be processed onto the worktable 21 and push the worktable 21 onto the workstation storage mechanism 5. The clamping mechanism 7 includes a loading platform 71, a flipping component 72, and a pushing component 73. Specifically, the loading platform 71 is located on the bed 1. The workpiece is loaded onto the worktable 21 through the loading platform 71. The loading platform is connected to the fixed support 511 through the connector 712 and screws to increase the fixing strength of the loading platform 71 and facilitate the disassembly and assembly between the loading platform 71 and the fixed support 511. The flipping component 72 and the pushing component 73 are both located on the loading platform 71. The flipping component 72 is used to flip the worktable 21 after the workpiece is installed, and the pushing component 73 is used to push the flipped worktable 21 onto the workstation storage mechanism 5.

[0100] The flipping assembly 72 includes a flipping cylinder 721, a flipping table 722, and a loading positioning plate 723. One end of the flipping cylinder 721 is hinged to the loading table 71. The piston end of the flipping cylinder 721 is hinged to a hinge seat 724, which is connected to the flipping table 722. The loading positioning plate 723 is located on the flipping table 722 and is used for positioning the worktable 21 on the flipping table 722. A first guide seat 711 is provided on the flipping table 722. The extension and retraction of the flipping cylinder 721 drives the flipping table 722 and the loading positioning plate 723 to flip, thereby driving the worktable 21 to flip 90°, so that the worktable 21 is parallel to the workstation positioning plate 55 on the workstation storage mechanism 5.

[0101] A rotating shaft 74 is rotatably mounted on the tilting table 722. A loading positioning plate 723 is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft 74. A bearing 75 is provided between the rotating shaft 74 and the loading table 71. The bottom end of the rotating shaft 74 extends into the tilting table and is fixedly connected to the locking seat 76. The rotating shaft 74 and the locking seat 76 are integral structures, and the locking seat 76 is provided with a locking hole 761. A mounting base 77 is provided at the bottom of the tilting table 722, and the mounting base 77 is provided with a positioning hole 771. A partition seat 78 is provided inside the tilting table. The partition seat 78 is movably engaged between the rotating shaft 74 and the mounting base 77. A partition piece 7 is provided in the middle of the partition seat 78. 81. The partition plate 781 divides the interior of the tilting table 722 into oil passage cavity one 782 and oil passage cavity two 783. A locking pin 784 is provided through the partition plate 781. The tail of the locking pin 784 is movably engaged in the positioning hole 771, and the head of the locking pin 784 is limited and engaged in the corresponding locking hole 761 to position and fix the locking seat 76, thereby locking the rotating shaft 74 and the loading positioning plate 723, so that the worktable 21 cannot rotate. The side of the tilting table 722 is provided with oil inlet one 79 and oil inlet two 710. Oil inlet one 79 is connected to oil passage cavity one 782, and oil inlet two 710 is connected to oil passage cavity two 783.

[0102] When the worktable 21 needs to be rotated, pressurized oil enters the oil passage cavity 782 from the oil inlet 79 and presses the separator 781 downward, causing the separator seat 78 to drive the locking pin 784 to move downward. The head of the locking pin 784 disengages from the corresponding locking hole 761 to release the rotating shaft 74. After the worktable 21 is rotated to the correct position, pressurized oil enters the oil passage cavity 783 from the oil inlet 710 and presses the separator 781 upward, causing the separator seat 78 to drive the locking pin 784 to move upward. The head of the locking pin 784 then engages with the corresponding locking hole 761 to lock the rotating shaft 74. In this embodiment, four locking holes 761 are evenly arranged circumferentially. When a workpiece is loaded, the worktable 21 can be rotated 90° each time, which facilitates the loading of the workpiece.

[0103] The pushing assembly 73 includes a pushing cylinder 731, a limiting cylinder 732, a first conveying arm 733, a second conveying arm 734, and a conveying arm base 735. The pushing cylinder 731 is mounted on the loading platform 71 and is hinged to the second conveying arm 734. The first conveying arm 733 is hinged to the second conveying arm 734, and the second conveying arm 734 is hinged to the conveying arm base 735. The conveying arm base 735 is fixedly mounted on the loading platform 71. The limiting cylinder 732 is fixed to the second conveying arm 734, and the piston end of the limiting cylinder 732 is hinged to the first conveying arm 733. The worktable is equipped with a pin 736 and a limit groove 214. When the tilting cylinder 721 tilts the worktable 90° so that the worktable 21 is parallel to the workstation positioning plate 55 locked on the workstation storage mechanism 5, the limit cylinder 732 pushes the first conveyor arm 733 to swing so that the pin 736 is engaged in the limit groove 214. Then the push cylinder 731 pushes the second conveyor arm 734 to rotate. The second conveyor arm 734 drives the first conveyor arm 733 to move synchronously. The first conveyor arm 733 drives the worktable 21 to be pushed into the workstation storage mechanism 5 through the pin 736.

[0104] The workbench 21 is equipped with a horizontal slide groove 215, which allows it to slide and engage with the workstation positioning plate 55 and the loading positioning plate 723, preventing the workbench 21 from detaching from them. A second guide seat 711 is also provided on the loading table 71. The workbench 21 slides from the second guide seat 711 onto the loading positioning plate 723. After loading is completed on the loading positioning plate 723 and flipped by the flipping assembly, it slides into the workstation storage mechanism 5 under the guidance of the first guide seat 725. The first guide seat 725 and the second guide seat 725... The two guide seats 711 guide the worktable 21, preventing misalignment between the worktable 21 and the workstation storage mechanism 5 during the pushing process of the pushing component 73. Through the guidance of the first guide seat 725 and the second guide seat 711, the pushing process of the entire worktable 21 is made more stable and reliable, improving operational safety. Both the workstation positioning plate 55 and the loading positioning plate 723 are equipped with spring pins 10, and the back of the worktable 21 has a limiting hole. The end of the spring pin 10 is locked into the limiting hole, achieving the positioning and fixation of the worktable 21 on the workstation positioning plate 55. The spring pin 10 has a spring, so that the end of the spring pin 10 is locked into the limiting hole under the action of elasticity, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the worktable 21's placement on the workstation positioning plate 55 and mounted on the positioning plate 723.

[0105] In this embodiment, the workstation storage mechanism 5 is equipped with a workbench 21 with 10 workstations. During operation, the clamping mechanism 7 clamps the workpiece and stores it on the workstation storage mechanism 5. The workstations of the workpieces are exchanged by the workstation exchange mechanism 6, thereby enabling continuous processing of the workpieces and allowing the machine to run 24 hours a day. After one clamping is completed, the worker can leave to perform other processes, completing fully automatic processing of multiple workstations, which greatly improves production efficiency and saves labor costs. At the same time, the multiple workstations can also clamp different tooling and different products, thereby enabling processing of different products.

[0106] The three-axis mechanism 8 is used to control the movement of the machining table 2 and the spindle box 3, thereby realizing the automatic machining of the workpiece by the tool. The three-axis mechanism 8 includes a column 81 and an X-axis support plate 811. The bottom of the column 81 is provided with a limiting groove 214 and a fixing hole 513. The limiting groove 214 and the fixing hole 513 are used to install the column 81 onto the bed 1. The surface of the column 81 is provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the strength of the column 81 and ensure the service life of the column 81. The X-axis support plate 811 is slidably mounted on the column 81 through an X-axis moving device 82. The X-axis moving device 82 is used to drive the X-axis support plate 811 to move along the X-axis direction. The machining table 2 is slidably mounted on the X-axis support plate 811 through a Y-axis moving device 83. The Y-axis moving device 83 is used to drive the machining table 2 to move along the Y-axis direction. The spindle box 3 is slidably mounted on the support plate 812 through a Z-axis moving device 84. The Z-axis moving device 84 is used to drive the spindle box 3 to move along the Z-axis direction and to machine the workpiece on the worktable.

[0107] The X-axis moving device 82, Y-axis moving device 83, and Z-axis moving device 84 all include a lead screw, a motor, a lead screw nut, a slide rail, and a slider. The motor is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is mounted on the lead screw. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the lead screw nut to move along the lead screw, and it slides in conjunction with the slider and slide rail.

[0108] Specifically, the X-axis moving device 82 includes an X-axis slide rail 821, an X-axis slider 822, an X-axis lead screw 823, an X-axis motor 824, and an X-axis lead screw nut 825. The X-axis slide rail 821 is fixed to the column 81, and the X-axis support plate 811 is fixed to the X-axis slider 822. The X-axis support plate 811 is slidably mounted on the X-axis slide rail 821 via the X-axis slider 822. Two X-axis slide rails 821 are provided to ensure the stability of the X-axis support plate 811 during movement. The column 81 is provided with an X-axis lead screw seat 826, and the X-axis lead screw 823 is rotatably mounted in the X-axis lead screw seat 826 via an X-axis lead screw bearing. The X-axis lead screw seat 826 is mounted on the column 81 to improve its strength. To ensure the stability of the X-axis lead screw 823's movement, the X-axis motor 824 is connected to the X-axis lead screw 823 via the X-axis coupling 827. This simple structure reduces kinetic energy loss. The X-axis lead screw nut 825 is mounted on the X-axis lead screw 823. The X-axis support plate 811 has a fixing part 8111, which is fixed to the X-axis lead screw nut 825. During operation, the X-axis motor 824 drives the X-axis lead screw 823 to rotate, thereby causing the X-axis lead screw nut 825 to move on the X-axis lead screw 823. Simultaneously, since the fixing part 8111 is fixed to the X-axis lead screw nut 825, the X-axis support plate 811 moves along the X-axis lead screw 823 with the X-axis lead screw nut 825.

[0109] The X-axis moving device 82 also includes a nitrogen balance cylinder 828, which is connected to a nitrogen cylinder 829. The column 81 is provided with a fixed seat 813, and the nitrogen balance cylinder 828 is mounted on the fixed seat 813 to fix the nitrogen balance cylinder 828. The nitrogen balance cylinder 828 is provided with a piston rod 8210, and the X-axis support plate 811 is provided with a fixed block 8112. The piston rod 8210 is connected to the fixed block 8112, and the piston rod 8210 moves along the X-axis lead screw 823 with the X-axis support plate 811. The nitrogen balance cylinder 828 provides assistance for the movement of the X-axis support plate 811, avoiding the load caused by excessive load on the X-axis support plate 811 and ensuring the stability of the movement of the X-axis support plate 811.

[0110] The Y-axis moving device 83 includes a Y-axis slide rail 831, a Y-axis slider, a Y-axis lead screw 833, a Y-axis motor 834, and a Y-axis lead screw nut 835. The Y-axis slider is fixed on the X-axis support plate 811, and the Y-axis slide rail 831 is fixed on the machining table 2. Three Y-axis slide rails 831 are provided, two located at the bottom of the machining table 2 and one at the side, making the machining table 2 more stable during movement. The machining table 2 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis slider via the Y-axis slide rails 831. The X-axis support plate 811 has a Y-axis lead screw seat 836, and the Y-axis lead screw 833 is rotatably mounted on the Y-axis lead screw via a Y-axis lead screw bearing. In the base 836, the Y-axis motor 834 is connected to the Y-axis lead screw 833 via the Y-axis coupling 837. The Y-axis lead screw nut 835 is mounted on the Y-axis lead screw 833. The machining table 2 is provided with a second fixing part, which is the same as the first fixing part 8111 and the third fixing part 33. The machining table 2 is fixed to the Y-axis lead screw nut 835 via the second fixing part. In the Y-axis moving device 83, the Y-axis slider is in a fixed state. When the Y-axis motor 834 drives the machining table 2 to move, the Y-axis slide rail 831 slides on the Y-axis slider, which is the opposite of the X-axis moving device 82. This design can improve the rigidity of the machining table 2 when it is suspended.

[0111] The Z-axis moving device 84 includes a Z-axis slide rail 841, a Z-axis slider 842, a Z-axis lead screw 843, a Z-axis motor 844, and a Z-axis lead screw nut 845. The Z-axis slide rail 841 is fixed on the support plate 812, and the spindle box 3 is fixed on the Z-axis slider 842. There are three Z-axis slide rails 841. The spindle box 3 is slidably mounted on the Z-axis slide rail 841 via the Z-axis slider 842. The support plate 812 is provided with a Z-axis lead screw seat 846. The Z-axis lead screw 843 is rotatably mounted in the Z-axis lead screw seat 846 via a Z-axis lead screw bearing. The Z-axis motor 844 is connected to the Z-axis lead screw 843 via a Z-axis coupling 847. The Z-axis lead screw nut 845 is mounted on the Z-axis lead screw 843. The spindle box 3 is provided with a fixing part 33, and the spindle box 3 is fixed to the Z-axis lead screw nut 845 via the fixing part 33. The Z-axis moving device 84 moves on the same principle as the X-axis moving device 82.

[0112] The spindle box 3 contains a spindle 31, which is used to mount CNC cutting tools. The spindle 31 is connected to a drive device 32, which includes a spindle motor 321. The spindle motor 321 is fixed on the spindle box 3. The output end of the spindle motor 321 is provided with a drive gear 322, and the spindle 31 is provided with a driven gear 323. The spindle motor 321 achieves the rotation of the spindle 31 through the drive gear 322 and the driven gear 323 combined with a belt. The spindle motor 321 drives the spindle 31 to rotate, thereby providing power to the CNC cutting tools clamped on the spindle 31 to complete cutting and other work. The design structure of the drive gear 322 and the driven gear 323 is simple.

[0113] During operation, the X-axis moving device 82 controls the X-axis support plate 811 to move along the X-axis, the Y-axis moving device 83 controls the machining table 2 to move along the Y-axis, and since the workpiece to be processed is mounted on the worktable 21, the position of the workpiece to be processed is adjusted. The Z-axis moving device 84 controls the spindle box 3 to move along the Z-axis, driving the CNC tool to process the workpiece to be processed, thus realizing the three-axis motion in the processing process.

[0114] The cooling mechanism 9 is used to cool the workpiece and cutting tool during workpiece processing. The cooling mechanism 9 includes a water tank 91 formed by bending the bed 1 and a flow channel 92. The flow channel 92 is connected to the water tank 91 and contains a filter screen 93. A water pump 94 is located at the other end of the flow channel 92. Water in the water tank 91 flows from the right side of the bed to the left side. After passing through three filters 93 at the left corner to fully filter impurities, the water is pumped out by the water pump 94 to the outlet, thus cooling the workpiece and cutting tool. The bed 1 is entirely made of bent material, which facilitates processing, shortens processing time, and reduces weld seams, improving the process. The water tank 91 formed by bending the bed 1 reduces the risk of leakage. Additionally, a dust collection device is located above the water tank 91. 95. The chip conveyor 16 is located between the water tank 91 and the dust collection unit 95. The chips generated during machining fall into the chip conveyor 16 through the dust collection unit 95 and are finally discharged from the machine bed 1 through the chip conveyor 16. The water flow that cools the workpiece and tool during machining returns to the water tank 91 through the dust collection unit 95 to achieve water resource reuse. Three sockets 96 are provided at the bottom of the machine bed 1. Before leaving the factory, the station storage mechanism 5, station exchange mechanism 6, clamping mechanism 7 and three-axis mechanism 8 are first installed on the machine bed 1. Then the machining center is debugged. After the debugging is completed, the machining center is transported as a whole by the cooperation of forklift and sockets 96, which makes the transportation of the machining center more convenient, reduces the amount of transportation, reduces on-site debugging, and avoids personnel consumption.

[0115] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the technical features of this utility model are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions, or modifications made based on this utility model to solve essentially the same technical problems and achieve essentially the same technical effects are all covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center, comprising: Bed frame; A processing table, wherein the processing table is used to mount a workbench; A spindle box, which is used to mount cutting tools and to process workpieces on the worktable; A tool changing mechanism is mounted on the machine bed and is used to replace the tools on the spindle box. Its features Also includes: A workstation storage mechanism, wherein the workstation storage mechanism is used to place the workbench; A workstation exchange mechanism, wherein the workstation exchange mechanism is used to transfer the worktable; A clamping mechanism is used to mount the workpiece to be processed onto the worktable and push the worktable onto the workstation storage mechanism; A three-axis mechanism is used to control the movement of the machining table and the spindle box.

2. The multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workstation storage mechanism includes a chain assembly, a pin assembly, and a first driving component. The chain assembly is equipped with a workstation positioning plate, which is used to limit the worktable. The first driving component drives the chain assembly to rotate, and the chain assembly drives the workstation positioning plate to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the adjustment and conversion of the worktable position. The pin assembly positions and fixes the worktable.

3. The multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chain assembly includes a sprocket, a roller, a sprocket fixing shaft, and a guide disc. The sprocket and the guide disc are arranged vertically and correspondingly. Two sprockets are symmetrically fixed on the roller. The roller is fixed on the sprocket fixing shaft, which is connected to the first driving member. A chain is tensioned between the sprocket and the corresponding guide disc. The first driving member drives the sprocket fixing shaft to rotate, and the sprocket fixing shaft drives the sprocket to rotate synchronously through the roller, thereby driving the chain to rotate.

4. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first driving component includes a rotary motor, an output gear, and a first reduction gear. The sprocket fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the rotary motor, the output end of the rotary motor is fixedly connected to the output gear, the first reduction gear is fixed on the sprocket fixed shaft, the output gear meshes with the first reduction gear, the rotary motor drives the output gear to rotate, the output gear drives the first reduction gear meshing with it to rotate, and the first reduction gear then drives the sprocket fixed shaft fixedly connected to it to rotate synchronously.

5. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pin assembly includes a mounting bracket, a hydraulic cylinder, an ejector positioning pin, and a displacement sensor. The hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the mounting bracket, and the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the ejector positioning pin via a connecting block. The displacement sensor is located below the connecting block. The workstation positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole, and the ejector positioning pin matches the positioning hole. The hydraulic cylinder pushes the ejector positioning pin to move and insert it into the corresponding positioning hole, thereby positioning and fixing the corresponding workstation positioning plate.

6. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workstation exchange mechanism includes a workstation conversion arm, a conversion arm latch, a second drive component, and a third drive component. The conversion arm latch is movably mounted on the workstation conversion arm. The workstation conversion arm is connected to the second drive component, which drives the workstation conversion arm to rotate. The conversion arm latch is connected to the third drive component, which drives the conversion arm latch to move along the workstation conversion arm.

7. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second driving component includes a hydraulic motor, a motor gear, and a second reduction gear. The hydraulic motor is connected to the motor gear. The workstation conversion arm is provided with a workstation conversion arm shaft. The second reduction gear is fixed on the workstation conversion arm shaft. The motor gear meshes with the second reduction gear. The hydraulic motor drives the motor gear to rotate, and the motor gear drives the second reduction gear to rotate synchronously. The second reduction gear then drives the workstation conversion arm shaft to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the conversion of the workstation position of the workstation conversion arm.

8. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third driving component includes a rotary motor, an inner shaft of a workstation conversion arm, driving gears, and racks. The inner shaft of the workstation conversion arm is rotatably mounted inside the workstation conversion arm shaft. The rotary motor is fixed on the workstation conversion arm shaft. One end of the inner shaft of the workstation conversion arm is connected to the rotary motor, and the other end is connected to the driving gears. Two racks are symmetrically and staggered on the workstation conversion arm, and both racks mesh with the driving gears. Each rack has a conversion arm latch fixedly mounted at its far-away ends. When the rotary motor drives the driving gears to rotate through the inner shaft of the workstation conversion arm, the two racks move towards or away from each other, thereby realizing the opposite movement of the two conversion arm latches.

9. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a loading platform, a flipping component, and a pushing component. Both the flipping component and the pushing component are disposed on the loading platform. The flipping component is used to flip the worktable after the workpiece is installed, and the pushing component is used to push the flipped worktable onto the workstation storage mechanism.

10. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The flipping assembly includes a flipping cylinder, a flipping table, and a loading positioning plate. One end of the flipping cylinder is hinged to the loading table, and a hinge seat is hinged to the piston end of the flipping cylinder. The hinge seat is connected to the flipping table. The loading positioning plate is disposed on the flipping table and is used for positioning the worktable on the flipping table. A first guide seat is provided on the flipping table. The flipping cylinder's extension and retraction drive the flipping table and the loading positioning plate to flip, thereby realizing the flipping of the worktable.

11. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 10, characterized in that: A rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the tilting platform. The loading positioning plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the rotating shaft. A bearing is provided between the rotating shaft and the loading platform. The bottom end of the rotating shaft extends into the tilting platform and is fixedly connected to a locking seat. The locking seat has locking holes. A mounting base is provided at the bottom of the tilting platform. The mounting base has positioning holes. A partition seat is provided inside the tilting platform. The partition seat is movably engaged between the rotating shaft and the mounting base. A partition plate is provided in the middle of the partition seat. The partition plate divides the interior of the tilting table into an oil passage cavity one and an oil passage cavity two. A locking pin is provided through the partition plate. The tail of the locking pin is movably engaged in the positioning hole, and the head of the locking pin is limited and engaged in the corresponding locking hole to limit and fix the locking seat, thereby locking the rotating shaft and the loading positioning plate, so that the worktable cannot rotate. The side of the tilting table is provided with an oil inlet one and an oil inlet two. The oil inlet one is connected to the oil passage cavity one, and the oil inlet two is connected to the oil passage cavity two. When the worktable needs to be rotated, pressurized oil enters the oil passage cavity from the oil inlet and squeezes the partition plate downward, causing the partition seat to drive the locking pin to move downward, and the head of the locking pin disengages from the corresponding locking hole to release the rotating shaft. When the worktable rotates to the correct position, pressurized oil enters the oil passage cavity from the second oil inlet and pushes the separator upward, causing the separator seat to move the locking pin upward, so that the head of the locking pin engages with the corresponding locking hole to lock the rotating shaft.

12. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pushing assembly includes a pushing cylinder, a limiting cylinder, a first conveyor arm, a second conveyor arm, and a conveyor arm base. The pushing cylinder is mounted on the loading platform and is hinged to the second conveyor arm. The first conveyor arm is hinged to the second conveyor arm, and the second conveyor arm is hinged to the conveyor arm base. The conveyor arm base is fixedly mounted on the loading platform. The limiting cylinder is fixed to the second conveyor arm and its piston end is hinged to the first conveyor arm. The first conveyor arm has a pin, and a limiting groove is provided on the worktable. The limiting cylinder pushes the first conveyor arm to swing, causing the pin to engage in the limiting groove. The pushing cylinder then pushes the second conveyor arm to rotate, and the second conveyor arm drives the first conveyor arm to move synchronously. The first conveyor arm, through the pin, pushes the worktable to the workstation storage mechanism.

13. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-axis mechanism includes a column and an X-axis support plate. The X-axis support plate is slidably mounted on the column via an X-axis moving device, which drives the X-axis support plate to move along the X-axis direction. The machining table is slidably mounted on the X-axis support plate via a Y-axis moving device, which drives the machining table to move along the Y-axis direction. The spindle box is slidably mounted on the column via a Z-axis moving device, which drives the spindle box to move along the Z-axis direction and to process the workpiece on the worktable.

14. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 13, characterized in that: The X-axis moving device, the Y-axis moving device, and the Z-axis moving device each include a lead screw, a motor, a lead screw nut, a slide rail, and a slider. The motor is connected to the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is disposed on the lead screw. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, causing the lead screw nut to move along the lead screw and slide in conjunction with the slider and the slide rail.

15. A multi-station compact horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machining center also includes a cooling mechanism, which includes a water tank and a flow channel formed by bending the bed. The flow channel is connected to the water tank and is equipped with a filter screen. A water pump is provided at the other end of the flow channel. The water in the water tank is filtered by the filter screen and then pumped out by the water pump to cool the workpiece and the cutting tool.

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