System for monitoring tube explosion of dry quenching boiler in real time
By installing a pressure sensor interlocking system in key parts of the dry quenching coke boiler, the problem of untimely detection of furnace tube leaks has been solved, enabling timely alarm and handling, and reducing accident losses and safety hazards.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520255531.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-09
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-18
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, boiler shutdown and maintenance accidents caused by leakage of furnace tubes in dry quenching coke boilers occur frequently, and it is impossible to make timely and accurate judgments and take effective measures, which poses a great explosion safety hazard.
By installing five pressure sensors at key locations in the dry quenching coke boiler, pressure changes are monitored and interlocked with the circulating fan and audible and visual alarm. When three pressure sensors simultaneously detect a sudden increase in pressure, the circulating fan automatically stops operating, an alarm is issued, and staff are alerted to handle furnace tube leaks.
It enables timely detection of boiler tube leaks, reduces losses caused by leaks, lowers the risk of explosion, and improves safety and equipment reliability.
Smart Images
Figure CN223782824U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of dry quenching coke boiler technology, specifically relating to a system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in dry quenching coke boilers. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, dry quenching equipment plays an important role in waste heat recovery, energy conservation and environmental protection in the coking industry. However, in actual operation, shutdown and maintenance accidents caused by boiler tube leakage occur frequently. Given the special nature of the dry quenching process, once the boiler tubes leak, the circulation system can be filled with flammable and explosive circulating flue gas rich in hydrogen and carbon monoxide within 30 seconds, causing a great explosion safety hazard.
[0003] In existing technologies, relying solely on individual operational experience is insufficient to promptly and accurately identify and take effective measures to prevent accidents from occurring. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can monitor in real time whether leaks occur in the furnace tubes of dry quenching coke boilers and quickly take measures to contain them. Utility Model Content
[0004] Based on the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in dry quenching coke boilers. By monitoring the pressure values of 5 pressure measuring points in real time, when 3 of the pressure sensors simultaneously detect a sudden increase in pressure, an audible and visual alarm is triggered, and the circulating fan is automatically stopped. This allows staff to promptly detect boiler tube leaks and quickly handle boiler tube rupture faults.
[0005] The specific technical solution is as follows:
[0006] A system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching boiler includes a boiler feedwater pipeline, an economizer, a dry quenching boiler drum, a low-temperature superheater, a high-temperature superheater, a main steam pipeline, an evaporator, and a water-cooled wall. It also includes: a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor, a fifth pressure sensor, a PLC, a circulating fan, and an audible and visual alarm. The boiler feedwater pipeline, economizer, dry quenching boiler drum, low-temperature superheater, high-temperature superheater, and main steam pipeline are sequentially connected, and the evaporator and water-cooled wall form two sets of circulating evaporation systems with the dry quenching boiler drum. The first and second pressure sensors are respectively located at both ends of the low-temperature superheater, the third and fourth pressure sensors are respectively located at both ends of the high-temperature superheater, and the fifth pressure sensor is located at the main steam pipeline. The PLC's I / O interfaces are connected to the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth pressure sensors, the circulating fan, and the audible and visual alarm.
[0007] In addition, the system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler provided by this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:
[0008] The above technical solution also includes: a water spray desuperheater; the water spray desuperheater is installed between the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater.
[0009] In the above technical solution, the water-cooled wall is a membrane water-cooled wall.
[0010] The above technical solution also includes: a first flow sensor and a second flow sensor; the first flow sensor and the second flow sensor are respectively installed at the boiler feedwater pipeline and the main steam pipeline.
[0011] This utility model discloses a system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in dry quenching coke boilers. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this system are as follows:
[0012] By monitoring the pressure at both ends of the low-temperature superheater, both ends of the high-temperature superheater, and the main steam pipeline, and interlocking the five pressure sensors with the circulating fan and audible and visual alarms, when three of the pressure sensors simultaneously detect a sudden pressure increase, the audible and visual alarms will sound and the circulating fan will automatically stop operating. This allows staff to promptly detect boiler tube leaks and quickly handle boiler tube rupture faults, thereby reducing losses caused by boiler tube leaks. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler according to the present invention;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the PLC control structure of this utility model;
[0016] in, Figures 1 to 3 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:
[0017] 10 Boiler feedwater pipeline, 11 Economizer, 12 Dry quenching coke boiler drum, 13 Low temperature superheater, 14 High temperature superheater, 15 Main steam pipeline, 16 Evaporator, 17 Water-cooled wall, 18 First pressure sensor, 19 Second pressure sensor, 20 Third pressure sensor, 21 Fourth pressure sensor, 22 Fifth pressure sensor, 23 Circulating fan, 24 PLC, 25 Audible and visual alarm, 26 Spray desuperheater, 27 First flow sensor, 28 Second flow sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The following are specific implementation cases and appendices. Figure 1-3The present invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0019] A system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in dry quenching coke boilers, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the system includes a boiler feedwater pipe 10, an economizer 11, a dry quenching boiler drum 12, a low-temperature superheater 13, a high-temperature superheater 14, a main steam pipe 15, an evaporator 16, and a water-cooled wall 17. It also includes: a first pressure sensor 18, a second pressure sensor 19, a third pressure sensor 20, a fourth pressure sensor 21, a fifth pressure sensor 22, a PLC 24, a circulating fan 23, and an audible and visual alarm 25. The boiler feedwater pipe 10, economizer 11, dry quenching boiler drum 12, low-temperature superheater 13, high-temperature superheater 14, and main steam pipe 15 are connected sequentially, and the evaporator 16... 6 and water-cooled wall 17 form two sets of circulating evaporation systems with the steam drum 12 of the dry quenching coke boiler, respectively; the first pressure sensor 18 and the second pressure sensor 19 are respectively set at both ends of the low-temperature superheater 13, the third pressure sensor 20 and the fourth pressure sensor 21 are respectively set at both ends of the high-temperature superheater 14, and the fifth pressure sensor 22 is set at the main steam pipe 15; the IO interface of PLC 24 is respectively connected to the first pressure sensor 18, the second pressure sensor 19, the third pressure sensor 20, the fourth pressure sensor 21, the fifth pressure sensor 22, the circulating fan 23 and the audible and visual alarm 25.
[0020] By adopting the above structure, the pressure at both ends of the low-temperature superheater 13, both ends of the high-temperature superheater 14, and the main steam pipe 15 are monitored respectively. The five pressure sensors are interlocked with the circulating fan 23 and the audible and visual alarm 25. When three of the pressure sensors detect a sudden increase in pressure at the same time, the audible and visual alarm 25 will sound an alarm and automatically stop the operation of the circulating fan 23. This allows the staff to be informed of boiler tube leaks in a timely manner and to quickly deal with boiler tube rupture faults, thereby reducing the losses caused by boiler tube leaks.
[0021] Specifically, when the boiler superheater leaks, the flue gas pressure rapidly rises from negative to positive. Since the superheater and evaporator 16 have different locations and different leakage characteristics in the boiler tubes, two interlocking conditions can be set based on the different changes in flue gas pressure measurement data. This allows different interlocking mechanisms to be triggered under different levels of fault conditions. Specifically, when three pressure sensors simultaneously and instantaneously rise to 100 Pa for more than 2 seconds, it is determined that the superheater tube has ruptured or that the evaporator 16 has leaked extensively. The audible and visual alarm 25 sounds an alarm and automatically stops the circulating fan 23. When three pressure sensors simultaneously and instantaneously rise to 200 Pa, it is determined that there is a minor leak on the heating surface of the superheater or evaporator 16. The audible and visual alarm 25 sounds an alarm, reminding personnel to check the equipment.
[0022] Specifically, the pressure sensor, flow sensor, and audible and visual alarm 25 used in the embodiments of this utility model are all conventionally used sensor and alarm models.
[0023] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, it also includes: a water spray desuperheater 26; the water spray desuperheater 26 is disposed between the low-temperature superheater 13 and the high-temperature superheater 14.
[0024] By installing a water spray desuperheater 26 between the low-temperature superheater 13 and the high-temperature superheater 14, the temperature of the steam discharged from the low-temperature superheater 13 is adjusted to a specified temperature before it enters the high-temperature heat exchanger for heat exchange and temperature increase.
[0025] In an embodiment of this utility model, the water-cooled wall 17 is a membrane water-cooled wall 17.
[0026] In embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes: a first flow sensor 27 and a second flow sensor 28; the first flow sensor 27 and the second flow sensor 28 are respectively installed at the boiler feedwater pipe 10 and the main steam pipe 15.
[0027] The steam volume of the main steam pipe 15 and the water supply volume of the boiler feedwater pipe 10 are monitored by the first flow sensor 27 and the second flow sensor 28, respectively. When the water supply volume is significantly greater than the steam volume, it is determined that the evaporator 16 is leaking.
[0028] Implementation process:
[0029] The 104°C boiler feedwater, deoxygenated by the deaerator, first enters the economizer 11. After heat exchange in the economizer 11, it enters the dry quenching boiler drum 12. Part of the boiler water enters the evaporator 16 through the downcomer. The saturated water absorbs heat and vaporizes in the evaporator 16. The steam-water mixture enters the dry quenching boiler drum 12 under thermal pressure. The other part of the boiler water enters the membrane water-cooled wall 17 through the downcomer. After absorbing heat, it enters the drum under thermal pressure. The steam-water mixture is separated by a gas-water separator in the drum to produce saturated steam. The saturated steam enters the low-temperature superheater 13 through the manifold. In the low-temperature superheater 13, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature inert circulating gas, raising the steam temperature to a certain level. Then, it passes through the spray desuperheater 26 to adjust the steam temperature to the specified temperature before entering the high-temperature superheater 14. Through heat exchange, the steam is finally discharged at the required temperature.
[0030] When the boiler superheater leaks, the flue gas pressure rapidly rises from negative to positive. Due to the different locations and leakage characteristics of the superheater and evaporator 16, two interlocking conditions can be set based on the different changes in flue gas pressure measurement data. This allows different interlocking mechanisms to be triggered under different levels of fault conditions. Specifically, when three pressure sensors simultaneously and instantaneously rise to 100 Pa for more than 2 seconds, it is determined that the superheater tube has ruptured or there is a large-area leak in the evaporator 16. The audible and visual alarm 25 sounds an alarm and automatically stops the circulating fan 23. When three pressure sensors simultaneously and instantaneously rise to 200 Pa, it is determined that there is a minor leak on the heating surface of the superheater or evaporator 16. The audible and visual alarm 25 sounds an alarm, reminding personnel to check the equipment. This allows personnel to promptly detect boiler tube leaks and quickly handle boiler tube rupture faults, thereby reducing losses caused by boiler tube leaks.
[0031] In the description of this utility model, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this utility model, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0033] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler, comprising boiler feedwater pipes, economizer, dry quenching coke boiler drum, low-temperature superheater, high-temperature superheater, main steam pipes, evaporator, and water-cooled walls, characterized in that, Also includes: First pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, third pressure sensor, fourth pressure sensor, fifth pressure sensor, PLC, circulating fan and audible and visual alarm; The boiler feedwater pipeline, economizer, dry quenching boiler drum, low-temperature superheater, high-temperature superheater and main steam pipeline are connected in sequence, and the evaporator and water-cooled wall form two sets of circulating evaporation systems with the dry quenching boiler drum respectively. The first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively installed at both ends of the low-temperature superheater, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are respectively installed at both ends of the high-temperature superheater, and the fifth pressure sensor is installed at the main steam pipe; The PLC's I / O interfaces are respectively connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, the fourth pressure sensor, the fifth pressure sensor, the circulating fan, and the audible and visual alarm.
2. The system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A water-spray desuperheater is disposed between the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater.
3. A system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water-cooled wall is a membrane water-cooled wall.
4. A system for real-time monitoring of tube rupture in a dry quenching coke boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A first flow sensor and a second flow sensor are respectively installed at the boiler feedwater pipe and the main steam pipe.