Slit coating die head and coating machine
By designing a slit coating die and coating machine, the simultaneous coating of two solutions was achieved, solving the cost and time problems of the two-step preparation of large-area perovskite solar cells, improving production efficiency and reducing costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423127088.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-01-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing slot coating methods can only coat one solution at a time, which cannot meet the two-step preparation requirements of large-area perovskite solar cells, resulting in a waste of cost and time.
A slot coating die head was designed, comprising a first die and a second die, with an air duct and an inclined surface, capable of coating two solutions simultaneously, and controlling the airflow direction through the air duct to avoid solution interference, thus forming a double-layer film.
It enables the simultaneous coating of two solutions, improving production efficiency and reducing costs, and is suitable for small-scale laboratories and large-scale industrial production.
Smart Images
Figure CN223818988U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to coating device technical field especially is related to a kind of slit coating die and coating machine. BACKGROUND
[0002] Due to Pb-based perovskite has long carrier migration, easy to crystallize control and other advantages, the performance of solar cell device with Pb-based halide perovskite as main component is continuously broken through, and perovskite battery preparation method is changeable, and preparation cost is low. In the preparation of perovskite battery, the performance of perovskite absorption layer determines the performance of the battery. In order to improve the conversion efficiency, the spin coating method included in the current preparation process can make the formed perovskite film uniformity better, the existing preparation process of perovskite film pre-coats MAI of different concentrations on hole transport layer, forms halide concentration gradient, realizes halide concentration gradient perovskite film, and forms gradual energy band level, but its coating mode is spin coating, pre-coats a layer of MAI on the hole transport layer, then coats the precursor solution of perovskite, simple spin coating and doctor blade coating mode are suitable for small size laboratory research and development, and limit large size batch production, and at present, the main coating mode of large area is slit coating, and it is suitable for one-step coating mode, and only one solution can be coated at a time, if two slit coaters are used for the coating mode of this method, large cost and manufacturing time are needed. SUMMARY
[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is that the current simple spin coating and doctor blade coating mode are suitable for small size perovskite battery laboratory research and development, and limit large size perovskite battery batch production, and the main coating mode of large area is slit coating, and it is suitable for one-step coating mode, and only one solution can be coated at a time, cannot solve the problem of two-step method for preparing large area perovskite battery, and if two slit coaters are used for the coating mode of this method, large cost and manufacturing time are needed.
[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a kind of slit coating die, including first die and second die, the first die has first slit coating runner, first feed port and first discharge port, the first feed port is communicated with the first discharge port by the first slit coating runner, the second die has second slit coating runner, second feed port and second discharge port, the second feed port is communicated with the second discharge port by the second slit coating runner, the first die and the second die have air duct between them, the air outlet of the air duct has inclined surface close to the side of the first discharge port, and the side of the inclined surface towards the first discharge port is inclined.
[0005] Further, the inclined surface is arc-shaped.
[0006] Further, the first slot coating flow channel, the second slot coating flow channel and the air duct are arranged in parallel.
[0007] Further, the height of the first discharge port is substantially flush with the height of the second discharge port, and the height of the air outlet is substantially flush with the height of the first discharge port.
[0008] Further, the first die includes a first die body and a second die body, the first die body is connected with the second die body and defines the first slot coating flow channel, the second die body has the inclined surface on a side away from the first die body, one end of the first die body has a first die lip, one end of the second die body has a first knife lip, the first die lip and the first knife lip jointly define the first discharge port, and the other end of the first die body and the other end of the second die body define the first feeding port.
[0009] Further, the second die body includes a first side, the first side, the inclined surface and the first knife lip are connected in sequence, and the connection between the inclined surface and the first side and the first knife lip is smoothly connected.
[0010] Further, the second die includes a third die body and a fourth die body, the third die body is connected with the fourth die body and defines the second slot coating flow channel, one end of the third die body has a second die lip, one end of the fourth die body has a second knife lip, the second die lip and the second knife lip jointly define the second discharge port, and the other end of the third die body and the other end of the fourth die body define the second feeding port.
[0011] The utility model further provides a kind of coating machine, including workbench, moving device, first material bucket, second material bucket, heating device, fan, conveying piece, control unit and as described above slit coating die head, the slit coating die head is suspended on the workbench by the moving device, the first material bucket is communicated with the first feeding port by a conveying piece, the second material bucket is communicated with the second feeding port by another conveying piece, the fan is communicated with the air duct, the heating device is installed on the workbench, the control unit is electrically connected with the heating device, the moving device and fan.
[0012] Further, it further includes flow rate control unit, and the control unit is electrically connected with the fan by the flow rate control unit.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the slit coating die head and the coating machine of the utility model embodiment have the following beneficial effects:
[0014] The die head can simultaneously coat two kinds of perovskite solutions, form double-layer film layers, and avoid interference between the two kinds of coating solutions during coating, which can improve production efficiency and reduce production cost, is not only suitable for small-scale preparation in a laboratory, but also suitable for large-scale continuous coating in industrial production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a structure schematic diagram of the slit coating die head provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 is a coating schematic diagram of the slit coating die head provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 is a front view coating schematic diagram of the slit coating die head provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] In the figure, 1, first die; 11, first slit coating flow channel; 12, first feeding port; 13, first discharging port; 14, first die body; 141, first die lip; 15, second die body; 151, first knife lip; 152, first side; 2, second die; 21, second slit coating flow channel; 22, second feeding port; 23, second discharging port; 24, third die body; 241, second die lip; 25, fourth die body; 251, second knife lip; 3, air duct; 4, inclined surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The specific embodiments of the utility model are described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.
[0020] The utility model provides a kind of coating machine, including workbench, moving device, first material bucket, second material bucket, heating device, fan, conveying piece, control unit and slit coating die head, provide a stable platform, for placing substrate material, slit coating die head is suspended on workbench by moving device, for controlling the movement of slit coating die head on workbench, ensure uniform coating, first material bucket is used to store first solution (i.e. MAI solution), first material bucket is communicated with first feeding port 12 by a conveying piece, second material bucket is used to store second solution (i.e. perovskite solution), second material bucket is communicated with second feeding port 22 by another conveying piece, fan is communicated with air duct 3, provide airflow, help to remove solvent in first layer solution, form stable film surface, heating device is installed on workbench, to heating temperature, control unit is electrically connected with heating device, moving device and fan, to control the whole coating process, including the operation of moving device, heating device and fan.
[0021] As Figure 1As shown, the slit coating die comprises a first die 1 and a second die 2, the first die 1 has a first slit coating flow channel 11, a first feeding port 12 and a first discharging port 13, the first feeding port 12 and the first discharging port 13 are communicated through the first slit coating flow channel 11, the second die 2 has a second slit coating flow channel 21, a second feeding port 22 and a second discharging port 23, the second feeding port 22 and the second discharging port 23 are communicated through the second slit coating flow channel 21, the first die 1 and the second die 2 have an air duct 3, the air outlet of the air duct 3 has an inclined surface 4 close to the first discharging port 13, and the inclined surface 4 is inclined to the side of the first discharging port 13.
[0022] Based on the above structure, the first solution is injected through the first feeding port 12 of the first die 1, the solution flows to the first discharging port 13 through the first slit coating flow channel 11, and finally coats on the substrate to form a first layer of film. When the first layer of solution starts to be coated, the fan is started to blow the air flow of the air duct 3 to blow away the excess solvent in the first layer of solution and accelerate the formation of the first layer of film. The inclined surface 4 of the air outlet of the embodiment ensures that the air flow does not directly impact the solution flowing out of the first discharging port 13, but guides the air flow to the rear and the bottom, reducing the influence of the air flow on the flow of the first layer of solution, thereby ensuring the uniformity and stability of the first layer of film; the second solution enters through the second feeding port 22 of the second die 2, passes through the second slit coating flow channel 21, and flows out from the second discharging port 23, and is coated on the first film layer that has been formed. Due to the arrangement of the air duct 3, the second layer of solution can be more accurately coated on the first layer of film, avoiding the mixing of the two solutions at the junction, and ensuring the clear division and good interface quality between the two layers of film.
[0023] The die provided by the embodiment can coat two solutions at the same time to form a double-layer film layer, and avoid interference between the two coating solutions during coating, which can improve production efficiency and reduce production cost, and is not only suitable for small-scale preparation in the laboratory, but also suitable for large-scale continuous coating in industrial production.
[0024] Further, the inclined surface 4 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped inclined surface 4 can more smoothly guide the air flow, reduce the turbulence phenomenon of the air flow at the air outlet, make the air flow more stable, reduce the interference to the first layer of solution, at the same time, the arc-shaped inclined surface 4 can reduce the direct impact of the air flow on the first layer of solution, thereby reducing the generation of air bubbles, avoiding the influence of air bubbles on the transparency and uniformity of the film, and further affecting the performance of the final product.
[0025] Further, the first and second slit coating channels 11, 21 are arranged in parallel with the air channel 3. It can be understood that the parallel arrangement of the first and second slit coating channels 11, 21 can ensure that the solutions flow out at the same speed and pressure during the coating process, thereby ensuring the stability and uniformity of the coating. The parallel arrangement of the air channel 3 with the first and second slit coating channels 11, 21 can ensure that the air flow is uniformly distributed across the entire coating width, which helps to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent in the first layer of solution, forming a uniform film surface, while avoiding direct interference of the air flow on the solution flowing out of the second slit coating channel 21.
[0026] Further, the height of the first outlet 13 is substantially flush with the height of the second outlet 23, ensuring that the starting points of the coating of the two solutions on the substrate are on the same horizontal line, which helps to form a uniform multi-layer film and avoids uneven film thickness caused by height differences. The height of the air outlet is substantially flush with the height of the first outlet 13 to ensure that the air flow is uniformly distributed across the entire coating width, which helps to accelerate the evaporation of the solvent in the first layer of solution, forming a uniform film surface. In addition, the uniform height structure makes the structure of the entire coating die more compact, reducing the volume and complexity of the equipment.
[0027] Further, the first die 1 includes a first die body 14 and a second die body 15. The first die body 14 is connected to the second die body 15 and defines the first slit coating channel 11 to form a channel path for the solution to flow. The second die body 15 has an inclined surface 4 on the side facing away from the first die body 14 to guide the air flow and reduce the direct impact of the air flow on the solution, ensuring that the air flow is uniformly distributed above the first layer of solution, accelerating the evaporation of the solvent and forming a uniform film surface. One end of the first die body 14 has a first die lip 141, and one end of the second die body 15 has a first knife lip 151. The first die lip 141 and the first knife lip 151 together define the first outlet 13 to ensure the outflow of the solution. The other end of the first die body 14 and the other end of the second die body 15 define the first inlet 12 for the solution to flow into the first slit coating channel 11.
[0028] Further, the second die body 15 includes a first side 152, which is connected in sequence to the inclined surface 4 and the first knife lip 151. The connection between the inclined surface 4 and the first side 152 and the first knife lip 151 is smooth, ensuring the smoothness of the air flow, so that the outflow of the gas can reduce the direct impact of the air flow on the first layer of solution, thereby reducing the generation of air bubbles, more uniformly covering the surface of the first layer of film, accelerating the evaporation of the solvent, and avoiding uneven film surface caused by excessive local air flow.
[0029] Further, the second die 2 comprises a third die body 24 and a fourth die body 25, the third die body 24 is connected with the fourth die body 25 and defines the second slot coating flow channel 21 to form a flow channel path for the solution to flow, one end of the third die body 24 is provided with a second die lip 241, one end of the fourth die body 25 is provided with a second knife lip 251, the second die lip 241 and the second knife lip 251 jointly define the second discharge port 23 to ensure the outflow of the solution, the other end of the third die body 24 and the other end of the fourth die body 25 define the second inlet port 22 to allow the solution to flow into the second slot coating flow channel 21.
[0030] Further, the coating machine further comprises a flow rate control unit, the control unit is electrically connected with the air blower through the flow rate control unit, and the gas flow rate can be adjusted according to different solution formulations to ensure appropriate purging.
[0031] The working principle is as follows: the prepared N IO x The film is placed on the workbench of the coating machine and is fixed, the temperature of the workbench is set, then the MAI solution and the perovskite precursor solution are respectively prepared and placed in the first material barrel and the second material barrel, and then the two coating solutions are delivered to the first inlet port 12 and the second inlet port 22 of the slot coating die head through pressure, are pre-coated on the roller, the thickness and speed of coating are adjusted, and then the two solutions are uniformly coated on the surface of the substrate in sequence through the movement of the slot coating die head, meanwhile, the air blower is started to blow N2, the N2 flow rate is set, the excess solvent in the MAI solution is removed through N2 blowing to form a film layer, the MAI and the perovskite solution are prevented from being disturbed when being laminated to cause film defects, the MAI solution forms a film on the bottom, the perovskite solution is coated on the MAI film layer, the MAI dried by air meets the solvent in the perovskite solution and combines with Pb I2 in the solvent to neutralize the excess Pb I2.
[0032] The excess Pb I2 at the interface of the perovskite layer and the N IO x prepared by the double-layer coating is neutralized by the MAI, and the appropriate amount of Pb I2 is left, and the Pb I2 at the interface without pre-coated MAI is excessive, which will affect the performance of the perovskite solar cell. In addition, the concentration of halides of the perovskite layer changes in a gradient, the halide concentration at the bottom is larger, and the halide concentration at the top is smaller, so that the performance of the PSCS can be further enhanced.
[0033] In summary, the slot coating die head and the coating machine provided by the embodiments of the present application can coat two solutions at the same time, form a double-layer film layer, and avoid interference between the two coating solutions during coating, which can improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost, and is not only suitable for small-scale preparation in a laboratory, but also suitable for large-scale continuous coating in industrial production.
[0034] The above merely is the preferred implementation form of the present application, and it should be noted that, for the ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present application, a number of improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A slit coating die, characterized in that, The device includes a first mold and a second mold. The first mold has a first slit coating channel, a first inlet, and a first outlet. The first inlet and the first outlet are connected through the first slit coating channel. The second mold has a second slit coating channel, a second inlet, and a second outlet. The second inlet and the second outlet are connected through the second slit coating channel. An air duct is provided between the first mold and the second mold. The air outlet of the air duct has an inclined surface on the side near the first outlet, and the inclined surface is inclined toward the side of the first outlet.
2. The slit coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined surface is arc-shaped.
3. The slit coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first slit coating channel, the second slit coating channel, and the air duct are arranged parallel to each other.
4. The slit coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the first discharge port is approximately the same as the height of the second discharge port, and the height of the air outlet is approximately the same as the height of the first discharge port.
5. The slit coating die head according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first mold includes a first mold body and a second mold body. The first mold body is connected to the second mold body and defines the first slit coating channel. The second mold body has the inclined surface on the side opposite to the first mold body. One end of the first mold body has a first mold lip, and one end of the second mold body has a first cutting lip. The first mold lip and the first cutting lip together define the first discharge port. The other end of the first mold body and the other end of the second mold body define the first feed port.
6. The slit coating die head according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second mold body includes a first side, an inclined surface and a first blade lip connected in sequence, and the inclined surface is smoothly connected to the first side and the first blade lip at the connection point.
7. The slit coating die head according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The second mold includes a third mold body and a fourth mold body. The third mold body is connected to the fourth mold body and defines the second slit coating channel. One end of the third mold body has a second mold lip, and one end of the fourth mold body has a second blade lip. The second mold lip and the second blade lip together define the second discharge port. The other end of the third mold body and the other end of the fourth mold body define the second inlet port.
8. A coating machine, characterized in that, The device includes a workbench, a moving device, a first material bin, a second material bin, a heating device, a fan, a conveying component, a control unit, and a slot coating die as described in any one of claims 1-7. The slot coating die is suspended on the workbench via the moving device. The first material bin is connected to the first feed inlet via one of the conveying components, and the second material bin is connected to the second feed inlet via another conveying component. The fan is connected to the air duct. The heating device is installed on the workbench. The control unit is electrically connected to the heating device, the moving device, and the fan.
9. The coating machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a flow rate control unit, which is electrically connected to the fan via the flow rate control unit.