Spectrometer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a spectrograph which comprises a detection unit and a filtering reflection unit, the filtering reflection unit is arranged between a light source and the detection unit, a path through which light rays emitted by the light source pass is a light path, and the light path passes through the filtering reflection unit and the detection unit; one end, far away from the filtering and reflecting unit, of the detection unit is used for approaching or extending into an object to be detected, the other end of the detection unit and the filtering and reflecting unit are arranged at an interval, the detection unit comprises a light guide part and a photoelectric detector, and the photoelectric detector is far away from the filtering and reflecting unit relative to the light guide part; light emitted by the light source can penetrate through the light guide piece and is received by the photoelectric detector after reaching an object to be detected; the filtering reflection unit is used for focusing light emitted by a light source and then reflecting the light to the light inlet end of the light guide part. According to the utility model, the filtering reflection unit and the detection unit are separately arranged, the heat dissipation and easy maintenance are improved, the process complexity is reduced by collecting light, and the utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of reconstruction spectrometer technology, and specifically to a spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] Reconstructive spectrometers approximate or "reconstruct" the spectral information of incident light through computation, extracting the frequency content of unknown spectra from the device's response to illumination using computational algorithms. This technique does not rely on traditional dispersive elements, thus enabling the miniaturization and portability of spectrometers. Reconstructive spectrometers typically utilize mathematical algorithms, such as inversion algorithms or sparse representation methods, to infer complete spectral information from limited spectral data. This data may originate from low-resolution or partially obscured measurements. After processing, the spectral data allows the system to reconstruct high-resolution or complete spectra, enabling analysis of the sample's composition and structure.

[0003] In reconstructive spectrometers based on waveguide filter structures, the filter and photodetector are separately configured and integrated via coupling. To ensure stable spectral characteristics, the filter typically employs a small numerical aperture, which introduces significant losses to the front-end coupling. Existing technologies independently place the filter between the light-emitting diode and the photodetector, utilizing mechanical structures to operate the filter and achieve the detection of the object under test.

[0004] However, the complex mechanical and optical structures in existing solutions result in a large overall size of the spectrometer, which cannot meet the requirements for easy insertion and removal in insertion or immersion detection scenarios. Furthermore, the integrated design of optical components, which are embedded in the object under test, is not conducive to heat dissipation and debugging and maintenance during the process, and has high requirements for the reliability of the packaging. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention aims to address one of the technical problems in related technologies to a certain extent. To this end, this invention provides a spectrometer that has the advantages of reduced manufacturing complexity, improved heat dissipation, and ease of maintenance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A spectrometer for performing spectral analysis on an object under test includes a light source, characterized in that it further includes a detection unit and a filtering and reflection unit, wherein the filtering and reflection unit is disposed between the light source and the detection unit, the path of light emitted from the light source is an optical path, the optical path passes through the filtering and reflection unit and the detection unit; the filtering and reflection unit is spaced apart at one end of the detection unit, the detection unit includes a light guide and a photodetector, the photodetector is located away from the filtering and reflection unit relative to the light guide, the light emitted from the light source can pass through the light guide and be received by the photodetector after reaching the object under test; the filtering and reflection unit is used to focus the light emitted from the light source and reflect it to the light-incident end of the light guide. By spacing the filtering and reflection unit and the detection unit apart, the filtering and reflection unit is prevented from entering the object under test and affecting heat dissipation, thus improving heat dissipation performance. The filtering and reflection unit includes a filter and a focusing mirror, spaced apart. The focusing mirror is part of an arc; light emitted from the light source passes through the filter and enters the focusing mirror, where it is reflected and converged to the detection unit for spectral analysis. Reducing the number of focusing mirror surfaces lowers manufacturing complexity and improves maintainability. The photodetector is positioned at the end of the detection unit closest to the object under test, allowing light entering the object to diffusely reflect into the photodetector. Simultaneously, the focusing mirror improves light source utilization and detection accuracy.

[0008] The filtering and reflecting unit includes a focusing mirror and a filter. The filter is located between the light source and the focusing mirror. The light path enters the light guide through the filter and the focusing mirror. The filter and the light source are located around the detection unit. The light emitted from the light source is filtered out in a specific range by the filter to obtain the required light source for detection. Then, it enters the detection unit through the focusing mirror. This arrangement separates the filtering and reflecting unit and the detection unit into two parts. During detection, it is not necessary to embed the entire spectrometer into the object under test, reducing the volume of the spectrometer embedded in the object. This meets the need for easy plugging and unplugging in embedded or immersion detection scenarios and facilitates heat dissipation of the spectrometer. By externalizing the light source, the heat dissipation effect is improved, thus enhancing the reliability of the packaging.

[0009] Optionally, multiple filters are used, uniformly distributed around the detection unit, with each filter allowing light to pass through at a different wavelength. The filters achieve better relative error performance and a wider spectral reconstruction range for the spectrometer while reducing the number of filters, thereby reducing the spectrometer's size and improving its reconstruction accuracy. By controlling different combinations of the material, thickness, and number of layers on the filters, each filter can generate a specific spectral curve with a wide wavelength range during spectral reconstruction.

[0010] Optionally, the light emitted by the light source forms a first angle with the filter above the light source, the first angle being greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°. When the first angle is 90°, the light loss due to refraction and reflection is minimal when passing through the filter, resulting in the best detection effect.

[0011] Optionally, the filter can rotate around the detection unit, and the center-to-center distance difference between the filter and the light source is 0. That is, both the filter and the light source are arranged around the detection unit, and the filter and the light source are located on the same annular track. From a top-down view, the filter and the light source coincide, reducing the risk of misalignment during rotation and improving the reliability of the spectrometer.

[0012] Optionally, the focal point of the reflector is located at the center of the top of the light guide. Light passes through the filter and enters the reflector; due to reflection and convergence by the reflector, the light converges at the focal point located at the top of the light guide, thus entering the light guide and improving light utilization.

[0013] Optionally, there may be multiple light sources, which are uniformly distributed around the detection unit. Multiple light sources can each provide different wavelengths, thus broadening the wavelength range of light entering the detection unit and obtaining more accurate measurement results.

[0014] Optionally, each of the light sources emits light of a different wavelength, and the wavelengths of light emitted by multiple light sources cover a continuous spectrum, wherein the minimum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is greater than or equal to 800 nm, and the maximum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is less than or equal to 2400 nm. A single light source can only provide a limited range of spectral wavelengths. Currently, the best results are achieved when the average wavelength coverage of a single light source in existing spectrometers is 100 nm. Using multiple light sources to cover wavelengths in the 800-2400 nm range can cover the near-infrared spectral region, with a wide range of applications, including spectral analysis in fields such as materials characterization, botany, the food industry, and environmental monitoring. Similarly, multiple light sources can provide different types of light sources, such as different color temperatures or different brightness levels, to meet different testing needs.

[0015] Optionally, the detection unit further includes a housing that encloses and forms a receiving space. The light guide and the photodetector are disposed within the receiving space, with the photodetector positioned near the bottom of the detection unit. The photodetector is positioned at the bottom to extend into the object under test for measurement, resulting in more accurate measurement results and reduced errors.

[0016] Optionally, the detection unit is hermetically sealed and filled with inert gas. Filling the detection unit with inert gas creates a high-temperature, high-pressure environment, resulting in better airtightness and extended service life.

[0017] Optionally, the bottom surface of the detection unit forms a second angle with the height direction of the detection unit, and the second angle is less than 90°. The bottom of the detection unit is configured as an inclined surface forming a second angle with the height direction. Because of the inclined surface, when the detection unit is inserted into the object to be measured, the pressure at the tip of the inclined surface is greater than that at other parts, which facilitates the bottom of the detection unit to be inserted into the object to be measured for measurement, reduces the difficulty of operation, and improves the testing efficiency.

[0018] These features and advantages of this utility model will be disclosed in detail in the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The preferred embodiments or means of this utility model will be shown in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but are not intended to limit the technical solutions of this utility model. In addition, each of these features, elements and components appearing in the following text and drawings is multiple and is labeled with different symbols or numbers for convenience, but all represent parts with the same or similar structure or function. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spectrometer according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a top view of a spectrometer according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the spectrometer detection unit of this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10. Light source, 20. Detection unit, 21. Light guide, 22. Photodetector, 23. Housing, 30. Filtering and reflecting unit, 31. Filter, 32. Focusing mirror, 40. Optical path. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described are intended to explain this utility model and should not be construed as limiting it.

[0025] The terms "an embodiment," "example," or "trademark" used in this specification refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment itself that may be included in at least one embodiment disclosed in this utility model. The phrase "in an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a spectrometer is provided for spectral analysis of an object under test. It includes a light source 10, a detection unit 20, and a filtering and reflection unit 30. The filtering and reflection unit 30 is disposed between the light source 10 and the detection unit 20. The light emitted from the light source 10 travels along a light path 40, passing through the filtering and reflection unit 30 and the detection unit 20. One end of the detection unit 20 is spaced apart from the filtering and reflection unit 30. The detection unit 20 includes a light guide 21 and a photodetector 22. The photodetector 22 is located away from the filtering and reflection unit 30 relative to the light guide 21. The light emitted from the light source 10 can pass through the light guide 21 and be received by the photodetector 22 after reaching the object under test. The filtering and reflection unit 30 is used to focus the light emitted from the light source 10 and reflect it to the light-incident end of the light guide 21. By spacing the filter reflection unit 30 and the detection unit 20, the filter reflection unit 30 is prevented from entering the interior of the object under test and affecting heat dissipation, thus improving heat dissipation performance. The filter reflection unit 30 includes a filter 31 and a focusing mirror 32, which are spaced apart. The focusing mirror 32 is part of an arc. Light emitted from the light source 10 passes through the filter 31 and enters the focusing mirror 32, where it is reflected and focused onto the detection unit 20 for spectral analysis. Reducing the number of faces of the focusing mirror 32 lowers the manufacturing complexity and improves maintainability. The photodetector 22 is positioned at the end of the detection unit 20 closest to the object under test, allowing light entering the object to enter the photodetector 22 through diffuse reflection. Simultaneously, the focusing mirror 32 improves the utilization rate of the light source 10 and enhances detection accuracy.

[0027] The filtering and reflecting unit 30 further includes a filter 31, which is located between the light source 10 and the focusing mirror 32. The optical path 40 enters the light guide 21 through the filter 31 and the focusing mirror 32. The filter 31 and the light source 10 are located around the detection unit 20. The light emitted from the light source 10 is filtered out in a specific range by the filter 31 to obtain the required light from the light source 10 for detection. Then, it enters the detection unit 20 through the focusing mirror 32. With the above arrangement, the filtering and reflecting unit 30 and the detection unit 20 are divided into two parts. During detection, it is not necessary to bury the entire spectrometer into the object under test, reducing the volume of the spectrometer buried in the object under test. This meets the need for easy plugging and unplugging in buried or immersion detection scenarios, and also facilitates heat dissipation of the spectrometer. That is, by making the light source 10 external, the heat dissipation effect is improved, and the reliability of the package is improved.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple filters 31, which are uniformly distributed around the detection unit 20. Each filter 31 allows light to pass through in a different wavelength band. The filters 31 achieve better relative error performance and a larger spectral reconstruction range for the spectrometer while reducing the number of filters 31, thereby reducing the size of the spectrometer and improving its reconstruction accuracy. By controlling different combinations of the material, thickness, and number of layers on each film layer of the filter 31, each filter 31 can generate a specific spectral curve with a wide wavelength range during spectral reconstruction.

[0029] The light emitted by the light source 10 forms a first angle with the filter 31 above the light source 10. The first angle is greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°. When the first angle is 90°, the light loss due to refraction and reflection is minimal when passing through the filter 31, resulting in the best detection effect.

[0030] The filter 31 is rotatable around the detection unit 20, and the center distance difference between the filter 31 and the light source 10 is 0. That is, both the filter 31 and the light source 10 are arranged around the detection unit 20, and the filter 31 and the light source 10 are located on the same circular track. When viewed from above, the filter 31 and the light source 10 coincide, reducing the risk of misalignment during rotation and improving the reliability of the spectrometer.

[0031] The focal point of the reflector is located at the top of the light guide 21. The light path 40 passes through the filter 31 and enters the reflector. Due to the reflection and convergence of the reflector to the focal point located at the top of the light guide 21, the light then enters the light guide 21, improving the utilization rate of the light.

[0032] The number of light sources 10 is multiple, and the light sources 10 are evenly distributed around the detection unit 20. The multiple light sources 10 can each provide different wavelengths, so that the wavelength range of the light entering the detection unit 20 is wider, thereby obtaining more accurate measurement results.

[0033] Each of the light sources 10 emits light of a different wavelength, and the wavelengths of light emitted by multiple light sources 10 cover a continuous spectrum, wherein the minimum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is greater than or equal to 800 nm, and the maximum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is less than or equal to 2400 nm. A single light source 10 can only provide a limited range of spectral wavelengths. In existing spectrometers, the optimal effect is achieved when the average wavelength coverage of a single light source 10 is 100 nm. Using multiple light sources 10 to cover wavelengths in the 800-2400 nm range can cover the near-infrared spectral region, broadening its application range and enabling spectral analysis in fields such as materials characterization, botany, food industry, and environmental monitoring. Similarly, multiple light sources 10 can provide different types of light sources 10, such as different color temperatures or different brightness levels, to meet different testing needs.

[0034] The detection unit 20 also includes a housing 23, which encloses and forms a receiving space. The light guide 21 and the photodetector 22 are disposed in the receiving space, with the photodetector 22 positioned near the bottom of the detection unit 20. The photodetector 22 is positioned at the bottom to extend into the object to be measured, thereby obtaining more accurate measurement results and reducing errors.

[0035] The detection unit 20 is hermetically sealed and filled with inert gas. Filling the detection unit 20 with inert gas creates a high-temperature, high-pressure environment, resulting in better airtightness and extended service life.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom surface of the detection unit 20 forms a second angle with the height direction of the detection unit 20, and the second angle is less than 90°. The bottom of the detection unit 20 is set as an inclined surface that forms a second angle with the height direction. Because of the inclined surface, when it is inserted into the object to be measured, the pressure at the tip of the inclined surface is greater than that at other parts, which facilitates the bottom of the detection unit 20 to be inserted into the object to be measured for measurement, reduces the difficulty of operation, and improves the testing efficiency.

[0037] In practical use, different LEDs are first used as light sources 10. The LEDs used can cover the spectrum to be measured. The light emitted by the LEDs is filtered by the filter 31 along the optical path 40 and then enters the focusing mirror 32. After being reflected by the focusing mirror 32, it enters the light guide 21 and then the object under test. After entering the object under test, some of the light is reflected back from the object under test to the light guide 21 due to scattering and diffuse reflection, and then enters the photodetector 22 to complete the acquisition of spectral information. The photodetector 22 outputs the first current information. Then, the filter 31 is rotated, so that the filter 31 corresponding to the LED changes, and the light is illuminated again, and the second current information output by the photodetector 22 is obtained again. After all the LEDs are measured in sequence with different filters 31, the current information received by the photodetector 22 under different conditions is obtained by collecting the current information received by the photodetector 22. The current information is calculated uniformly to complete the spectral reconstruction, thereby realizing the composition analysis of the object under test and completing the detection task.

[0038] The above are merely specific embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model includes, but is not limited to, the contents described in the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments above. Any modifications that do not depart from the functional and structural principles of this utility model will be included within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A spectrometer for performing spectral analysis on an object to be measured, comprising a light source (10), characterized in that, It also includes a detection unit (20) and a filtering and reflection unit (30). The filtering and reflection unit (30) is disposed between the light source (10) and the detection unit (20). The path of the light emitted by the light source (10) is the light path (40), which passes through the filtering and reflection unit (30) and the detection unit (20). One end of the detection unit (20) is spaced apart from the filter reflection unit (30). The detection unit (20) includes a light guide (21) and a photodetector (22). The photodetector (22) is located away from the filter reflection unit (30) relative to the light guide (21). The light emitted by the light source (10) can pass through the light guide (21) and be received by the photodetector (22) after reaching the object to be tested. The filter and reflection unit (30) is used to focus the light emitted by the light source (10) and reflect it to the light-incident end of the light guide (21).

2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtering and reflecting unit (30) includes a focusing mirror (32) and a filter (31). The filter (31) is located between the light source (10) and the focusing mirror (32). The light path (40) enters the light guide (21) through the filter (31) and the focusing mirror (32). The filter (31) and the light source (10) are located around the detection unit (20).

3. The spectrometer according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are multiple filters (31), which are evenly distributed around the detection unit (20), and each filter (31) allows a different wavelength of light to pass through.

4. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The light emitted by the light source (10) forms a first angle with the filter (31) above the light source (10), the first angle being greater than or equal to 80° and less than or equal to 100°.

5. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The filter (31) is rotatable around the detection unit (20), and the center distance difference between the filter (31) and the light source (10) is 0.

6. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The focal point of the reflector is located at the center of the top of the light guide (21).

7. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of light sources (10) is multiple, and the light sources (10) are evenly distributed around the detection unit (20); Each of the light sources (10) emits light of a different wavelength, and the wavelengths of the light emitted by the multiple light sources (10) cover a continuous spectrum, wherein the minimum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is greater than or equal to 800 nm and the maximum wavelength of the continuous spectrum is less than or equal to 2400 nm.

8. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection unit (20) also includes a housing (23), which surrounds and forms a receiving space. The light guide (21) and the photodetector (22) are disposed in the receiving space, and the photodetector (22) is disposed near the bottom of the detection unit (20).

9. The spectrometer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The detection unit (20) is hermetically sealed and filled with inert gas.

10. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The bottom surface of the detection unit (20) forms a second angle with the height direction of the detection unit (20), and the second angle is less than 90°.

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