High-speed data transmission device based on free space optical communication

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of optical signal transmission, and particularly relates to a high-speed data transmission device based on free space optical communication, which comprises a plug insulator and an insulating sleeve, optical modules are arranged in the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve, each optical module comprises a transmitting end and / or a receiving end, the transmitting end comprises a laser and a diverging lens, and the receiving end comprises a receiving end. The receiving end comprises a photoelectric detector and a converging lens, and after the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are oppositely inserted, the transmitting end of the optical module on one side is aligned with the receiving end of the optical module on the other side; wherein the optical module on one side is provided with a positioning protrusion, the optical module on the other side is provided with a positioning groove, and when the plug insulator is inserted into the insulating sleeve, the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove; and the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are locked through a quick locking mechanism after being plugged in each other. Contact abrasion can be avoided, the speed bottleneck is broken through, the alignment process is simplified, and connection convenience and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of optical signal transmission technology, specifically relating to a high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern communications and data transmission, high-speed data transmission technology is a critical infrastructure, widely used in data centers, industrial automation, consumer electronics, and aerospace. Traditional high-speed data transmission primarily relies on electrical connectors (such as USB, HDMI, and PCIe), transmitting electrical signals through metal contacts and supporting various data transmission rates. However, with the continuous increase in data transmission demands, the limitations of electrical connectors have gradually become apparent.

[0003] The limitations of electrical connectors can be summarized as follows:

[0004] Contact wear: After prolonged use of electrical connectors, the metal contact points wear down, leading to unstable signal transmission.

[0005] Transmission rate bottleneck: At ultra-high speeds (such as 25Gbps), the requirements are difficult to meet due to signal attenuation and crosstalk.

[0006] Electromagnetic interference: Electrical signals are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, which affects the quality of data transmission.

[0007] Connection complexity: Some high-speed connectors require precise alignment, and the plugging and unplugging process is not convenient.

[0008] Free-space optical communication (FSO) is a communication technology that uses light to transmit data in free space, offering advantages such as high speed, low latency, and resistance to electromagnetic interference. While FSO technology has been successfully applied in long-distance communication scenarios (such as satellite communication and inter-ground station communication), it has not yet become widespread in short-distance, high-speed connections (such as data transmission between devices). Existing short-range FSO applications often rely on complex optical alignment systems (such as lenses and mirrors), which increases cost and design complexity.

[0009] In recent years, some technologies have attempted to apply FSO (Fiber Optic Sockets) to short-range communications, such as optical communication systems for mobile terminals, using magnetic alignment for connection and infrared sensors for data transmission. However, these technologies still have limitations in terms of alignment accuracy, transmission rate, and application scenarios. For example, relying solely on magnetic alignment may lead to unstable connections, and the transmission rate of infrared sensors is insufficient to meet ultra-high-speed requirements, failing to fully achieve the goals of high speed, reliability, and ease of use.

[0010] The shortcomings of FSO technology in short-range applications are summarized as follows:

[0011] Alignment difficulties: Precise optical alignment is required, and traditional methods are complex and costly; while existing magnetic alignment schemes simplify alignment, they are susceptible to external interference and have limited accuracy.

[0012] Unstable connection: Lacking a simple and reliable connection mechanism, it is susceptible to vibration or movement.

[0013] Application limitations: FSO is mostly used for long-distance communication and is not optimized for short-distance high-speed connections. Utility Model Content

[0014] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned FSO technology in short-distance applications, this invention provides a high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication.

[0015] The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication, according to this utility model, includes a plug insulator and an insulating sleeve that can be interlocked. Optical modules are installed inside both the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve. Each optical module includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transmitter includes a laser and a diverging lens that collimates the light signal emitted by the laser. The receiver includes a photodetector and a converging lens that focuses the received light signal onto the photodetector. After the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are interlocked, the transmitter of one optical module is aligned with the receiver of the other optical module. A positioning protrusion is provided on one optical module, and a positioning groove is provided on the other optical module. When the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are interlocked, the positioning protrusion inserts into the positioning groove. The plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are locked together by a quick-locking mechanism after interlocking.

[0016] Furthermore, the laser and photodetector are mounted on corresponding printed circuit boards, which are housed inside plug insulators or insulating sleeves, and a connector is mounted on the other side of the printed circuit board.

[0017] Furthermore, the optical module includes an optical module housing, a printed circuit board fixed on the optical module housing, the optical module housing fixed inside a plug insulator or an insulating sleeve, and a transmitter and / or receiver are disposed inside the optical module housing.

[0018] Furthermore, the optical module housing is provided with a bracket for positioning the laser and the corresponding diverging lens or for positioning the photodetector and the corresponding converging lens.

[0019] Furthermore, the optical module housing is provided with positioning protrusions or positioning grooves.

[0020] Furthermore, one outer wall of the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve is provided with a plug quick-lock structure, and the other outer wall is provided with a quick-lock hole extending forward and backward. The plug quick-lock structure is an elastic cantilever extending forward, and the end of the plug quick-lock structure is provided with barbs. When the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are inserted together, the plug quick-lock structure passes through the quick-lock hole and is locked in the quick-lock hole by the barbs.

[0021] Furthermore, one of the outer walls of the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve has a quick-lock protrusion, and the other outer wall has a socket quick-lock structure. The front side of the quick-lock protrusion has a plug quick-lock structure, and the barbs on the plug quick-lock structure form a groove with the quick-lock protrusion. The quick-lock hole is set on the socket quick-lock structure. After the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are inserted, the side wall of the quick-lock hole is locked in the groove.

[0022] Furthermore, the rear edge of the quick-lock hole is provided with a sharp corner, which can be caught on the barb.

[0023] Furthermore, the end of the plug quick-lock structure is provided with a pressing bevel I, and the edge of the quick-lock hole is provided with a pressing bevel II. When the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve are inserted, the pressing bevel II presses the pressing bevel I to deform the plug quick-lock structure so that it can be inserted into the quick-lock hole.

[0024] Furthermore, one of the plug insulator and the insulating sleeve is provided with a guide groove extending forward and backward, and the other is provided with a wall that can be inserted into the guide groove when plugged in.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0026] 1) Avoid contact wear by using free-space optical communication. Data is transmitted through optical signals, eliminating the need for metal contact points and completely solving the wear problem.

[0027] 2) Overcome the rate bottleneck and utilize the high bandwidth of laser devices to achieve high-speed transmission in a single channel.

[0028] The array scheme of lasers and photodetectors can realize multi-channel parallel transmission, so that the total bandwidth increases with the number of channels, far exceeding the traditional infrared transmission capability.

[0029] 3) The alignment process is simplified. The concave-convex contact alignment (i.e., the matching of the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove) realizes the docking of the optical path through the mechanical structure, ensuring the alignment of the optical path. It has high precision and is not affected by magnetic field interference, which is superior to the alignment method that relies solely on magnetic attraction.

[0030] The laser is homogenized by a diverging lens in front of it, and the photodetector is expanded by a converging lens in front of it, thus increasing the alignment tolerance.

[0031] 4) Improve connection convenience and stability. The quick-lock mechanism achieves mechanical locking and stable connection, ensuring that it does not loosen in a vibration environment and achieving reliable connection.

[0032] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this utility model. In order to better understand the technical means of this utility model and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the purpose, features and advantages of this utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the following are preferred embodiments, and detailed descriptions are provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of a high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram from another perspective;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view at point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A side view from another perspective;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Sectional view at point B.

[0039] Figure label:

[0040] 1-Plug insulator, 101-Guide groove, 102-Plug quick-lock structure, 103-Card slot, 104-Plug cavity, 105-Quick-lock protrusion, 106-Barb, 107-Extrusion bevel I.

[0041] 2-Printed circuit board.

[0042] 3-Plug optical module housing, 31-Positioning protrusion, 32-Bracket.

[0043] 4-Screw I, 5-Screw II.

[0044] 6-Laser, 7-Photodetector, 8-Diverging lens, 9-Converging lens, 10-Connector.

[0045] 11-Insulating sleeve, 111-Socket quick-lock structure, 112-Socket cavity, 113-Quick-lock hole, 114-Sharp corner, 115-Extrusion bevel II.

[0046] 12-Socket optical module housing, 121-Positioning groove. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0048] This utility model discloses an embodiment of a high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication, such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the device includes a plug end and a socket end, and the description will focus on the plug end and the socket end that are connected to each other.

[0049] The plug includes a plug insulator 1 and a plug optical module disposed within the plug insulator 1. The plug insulator 1 has a plug cavity 104 inside, which is open to the front. The plug optical module is disposed on the rear wall of the plug cavity 104 and includes a printed circuit board 2, a plug optical module housing 3, a laser 6, a photodetector 7, a diverging lens 8, a converging lens 9, and a connector 10.

[0050] The printed circuit board 2 is disposed on the rear side wall of the plug cavity 104, and the plug optical module housing 3 is disposed on the front side of the printed circuit board 2. In this embodiment, the printed circuit board 2 is fixed to the plug optical module housing 3 by screw I 4; the plug optical module housing 3 is fixed to the rear side wall of the plug cavity 104 by screw II 5.

[0051] A bracket 32 ​​is installed inside the cavity formed by the printed circuit board 2 and the plug optical module housing 3. The rear end of the bracket 32 ​​is stopped on the printed circuit board 2, and the outer wall of the front end of the bracket 32 ​​is stopped on the step of the inner wall of the plug optical module housing 3, thereby fixing the bracket 32.

[0052] In this embodiment, the plug optical module has the function of transmitting and receiving optical signals. Therefore, a laser 6 and a photodetector 7 are disposed on the printed circuit board 2. In this embodiment, one laser 6 and one photodetector 7 are disposed on the printed circuit board 2. In this embodiment, the laser 6 uses an existing laser device with a wavelength of 850nm, 1310nm, or 1550nm.

[0053] Both the laser 6 and the photodetector 7 are mounted on their respective supports 32, located at the rear end of the supports 32. Lenses are mounted at the front end of the supports 32; specifically, a diverging lens 8 is mounted at the front end of the support 32 corresponding to the laser 6, and a converging lens 9 is mounted at the front end of the support 32 corresponding to the photodetector 7. The supports 32 allow for the positioning of the laser 6 with its corresponding diverging lens 8, and the positioning of the photodetector 7 with its corresponding converging lens 9.

[0054] The diverging lens 8 is used to homogenize the light, making the beam emitted by the laser 6 more uniformly distributed; the converging lens 9 is used to converge the light signal, expand the receiving range, and improve the alignment deviation redundancy.

[0055] The laser 6, the diverging lens 8, and the corresponding bracket 32 ​​form the transmitting end of the plug optical module, and the photodetector 7, the converging lens 9, and the corresponding bracket 32 ​​form the receiving end of the plug optical module.

[0056] The printed circuit board 2 drives the laser 6 to emit an optical signal. The emitted optical signal is collimated by the diverging lens 8 to obtain a parallel optical signal, which is then transmitted. The parallel optical signal received by the receiving end is focused onto the photodetector 7 by the converging lens 9, completing the signal reception.

[0057] A connector 10 is provided on the rear side of the printed circuit board 2. The connector 10 can transmit external electrical signals to the printed circuit board 2 for processing, and then transmit them to the laser 6 to convert the electrical signals into optical signals and emit them. The photodetector 7 receives the optical signals and converts them into electrical signals. The electrical signals are processed by the printed circuit board 2 and then transmitted to the connector 10, and then transmitted to the outside through the connector 10.

[0058] The socket includes an insulating sleeve 11 and a socket optical module disposed within the insulating sleeve 11. The insulating sleeve 11 has a socket cavity 112 inside, which is open to the front. The socket optical module is disposed on the rear side wall of the socket cavity 112.

[0059] The socket optical module and the plug optical module have similar structures, but the difference lies in the following: the socket optical module includes a socket optical module housing 12. The socket optical module housing 12 differs from the plug optical module housing 3 in that its front end face has a positioning groove 121, while the front end face of the plug optical module housing 3 has a positioning protrusion 31. When the plug end and socket end are inserted, the positioning protrusion 31 inserts into the positioning groove 121. The other structural features of the socket optical module are the same as those of the corresponding plug optical module and will not be described further here.

[0060] Due to manufacturing errors and other reasons, the position of the plug optical module on the plug insulator 1 and the position of the socket optical module on the insulating sleeve 11 may deviate, causing them to not align perfectly during insertion. The positioning protrusion 31 and the positioning groove 121 both have chamfered front ends, allowing the materials of the plug insulator 1 and the insulating sleeve 11 to undergo slight elastic deformation. When the plug and socket ends are inserted, the positioning protrusion 31 and the positioning groove 121 align. Guided by the chamfer, the plug optical module floats within the corresponding plug insulator 1, and the socket optical module floats within the corresponding insulating sleeve 11, causing slight elastic deformation of the plug insulator 1 and the insulating sleeve 11, ultimately ensuring accurate insertion of the plug and socket optical modules.

[0061] Positioning protrusions 31 are distributed on the front surface of the plug optical module housing 3, and positioning grooves 121 are distributed on the front surface of the socket optical module housing 12. Alignment is achieved through a point-contact method (i.e., the positioning protrusions 31 and positioning grooves 121 are aligned) to ensure precise connection of the optical communication path. Both the positioning protrusions 31 and positioning grooves 121 are designed as cylinders to facilitate self-alignment during insertion. The materials at the points of contact (i.e., where the positioning protrusions 31 and positioning grooves 121 are located) are made of wear-resistant materials (such as ceramics or high-strength plastics) to ensure that the accuracy meets requirements after long-term use.

[0062] Both the plug optical module and the socket optical module are equipped with an array of lasers 6 and photodetectors 7. The lasers 6 on the plug optical module and the photodetectors 7 on the socket optical module form a data transmission channel, and each channel can transmit data independently, realizing the data transmission and reception function.

[0063] The outer wall of the front end of the plug insulator 1 has a protruding quick-lock protrusion 105. The front side of the quick-lock protrusion 105 has a plug quick-lock structure 102. In this embodiment, the plug quick-lock structure 102 is a forward-extending elastic cantilever. The end of the plug quick-lock structure 102 has an upward-extending barb 106, forming a groove 103 between the barb 106 and the quick-lock protrusion 105. The front end of the plug quick-lock structure 102 has a pressing slope I 107, causing the thickness of the plug quick-lock structure 102 to gradually decrease. The pressing slope I 107 faces outwards. The wall of the front end of the plug insulator 1 has a guide groove 101 extending rearwards from the front end. The guide groove 101 is located inside the plug quick-lock structure 102.

[0064] The front end of the insulating sleeve 11 has a protruding wall with a quick-locking structure 111, and the quick-locking structure 111 has a quick-locking hole 113 extending forward and backward. The outer edge of the front end of the quick-locking hole 113 has a pressing bevel II 115, and the outer edge of the rear end of the quick-locking hole 113 has a sharp corner 114.

[0065] When the plug and socket are inserted, the front end of the plug insulator 1 is inserted into the socket cavity 112 of the insulating sleeve 11. Simultaneously, the wall of the front end of the insulating sleeve 11 is inserted into the guide groove 101. The pressing bevel II 115 on the outer edge of the front end of the quick-lock hole 113 presses the pressing bevel I 107 on the front end of the plug quick-lock structure 102, causing the plug quick-lock structure 102 to undergo elastic deformation, thus allowing the plug quick-lock structure 102 to insert into the quick-lock hole 113. Once the barb 106 at the end of the plug quick-lock structure 102 passes through the quick-lock hole 113, the plug quick-lock structure 102 returns to its original shape, and the outer wall of the quick-lock hole 113 is locked in the slot 103, enhancing connection stability. The sharp corner 114 can be locked onto the barb 106, preventing the plug insulator 1 from detaching from the insulating sleeve 11. This embodiment uses a quick-lock mechanism (including the plug quick-lock structure 102 and the socket quick-lock structure 111) to achieve a fast and reliable connection.

[0066] The insulating sleeve 11 is inserted into the plug insulator 1. First, it is guided through the guide groove 101 for primary guidance. Then, the positioning protrusion 31 on the plug optical module housing 3 is inserted into the positioning groove 121 on the socket optical module housing 12 to complete the secondary guidance. At the same time, the plug quick-lock structure 102 is inserted into the quick-lock hole 113 and the outer wall of the quick-lock hole 113 is locked into the slot 103 to achieve quick locking.

[0067] This invention provides a high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication, designed to replace traditional electrical connectors and achieve high-speed, reliable, and easy-to-connect data transmission. The device supports unidirectional, bidirectional, or multi-channel communication, with single-channel transmission rates reaching 10Gbps or 25Gbps. Employing an array of lasers 6 and photodetectors 7, the device enables multi-channel parallel data transmission, significantly increasing communication bandwidth and achieving high-speed communication. The optical module at the plug end (plug optical module) and the optical module at the socket end (socket optical module) have the same structure, facilitating mass production. During assembly, the optical modules are inserted into the plug insulator 1 and insulating sleeve 11 in the same orientation to avoid incorrect installation. When the plug and socket ends are interlocked, the transmitting end of the plug optical module on the plug end side is aligned with the receiving end of the socket optical module on the socket end side, and the receiving end of the plug optical module is aligned with the transmitting end of the socket optical module. The transmitting and receiving ends within the optical module (plug optical module housing 3 or socket optical module housing 12) are integrated and installed together, providing protection for the optical module.

[0068] This utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art in the following ways:

[0069] 1) Avoid contact abrasion:

[0070] Using free-space optical communication, data is transmitted via optical signals, eliminating the need for metal contact points and completely solving the wear and tear problem.

[0071] 2) Breaking through the speed bottleneck:

[0072] Using laser devices with wavelengths of 850nm, 1310nm, or 1550nm, and taking advantage of the high bandwidth of the laser devices, high-speed transmission of 10Gbps or 25Gbps in a single channel can be achieved.

[0073] The array scheme of laser 6 and photodetector 7 can realize multi-channel parallel transmission, so that the total bandwidth increases with the number of channels, far exceeding the traditional infrared transmission capability.

[0074] 3) Simplify the alignment process:

[0075] The concave-convex contact alignment achieves optical path alignment through mechanical structure, ensuring high precision and immunity to magnetic field interference, which is superior to alignment methods that rely solely on magnetic attraction.

[0076] The light is homogenized by the diverging lens 8 in front of the laser 6, and the receiving range is expanded by the converging lens 9 in front of the photodetector 7, thus increasing the alignment tolerance.

[0077] 4) Improve connectivity convenience and stability:

[0078] The quick-lock mechanism achieves mechanical locking and stable connection, ensuring that it does not loosen in a vibrating environment and thus ensuring the reliability of the connection.

[0079] In other embodiments, improvements are made based on the above embodiments. The plug optical module can be equipped with two or more transmitters and two or more receivers. Correspondingly, the socket optical module can be equipped with a number of receivers corresponding to the number of transmitters in the plug optical module and a number of transmitters corresponding to the number of receivers in the plug optical module, thus realizing an array of multiple transmitters and receivers in the optical module, thereby achieving multi-channel, bidirectional optical signal transmission. Alternatively, one of the plug optical module and the socket optical module can be equipped with several transmitters, and the other with a corresponding number of receivers, achieving unidirectional optical signal transmission.

[0080] In other embodiments, improvements are made based on the above embodiments. The plug optical module housing 3 and the socket optical module housing 12 can be removed. The printed circuit board 2 is fixed in the corresponding plug insulator 1 and insulating sleeve 11. The transmitting end and the receiving end are fixed in the corresponding plug insulator 1 and insulating sleeve 11 through the corresponding brackets 32. The bracket 32 ​​of the transmitting end is provided with a positioning protrusion 31, and the bracket 32 ​​of the receiving end is provided with a matching positioning groove 121. When the positioning protrusion 31 is inserted into the positioning groove 121, mechanical alignment is achieved. Alternatively, the bracket 32 ​​of the transmitting end is provided with a positioning groove 121, and the bracket 32 ​​of the receiving end is provided with a matching positioning protrusion 31. When the positioning protrusion 31 is inserted into the positioning groove 121, mechanical alignment is achieved.

[0081] In other embodiments, improvements are made based on the above embodiments, and the quick-lock mechanism in the above embodiments can be replaced with a mechanical buckle or a spring lock.

[0082] In other embodiments, improvements are made based on the above embodiments, and the positioning protrusion 31 can be provided at the socket end, and correspondingly, the positioning groove 121 can be provided at the plug end.

[0083] In other embodiments, improvements are made based on the above embodiments. The quick-lock protrusion 105 and the plug quick-lock structure 102 can be provided at the socket end, and correspondingly, the socket quick-lock structure 111 can be provided at the plug end.

[0084] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication, comprising interlocking plug insulators (1) and insulating sleeves (11), characterized in that: Optical modules are provided inside both the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11). The optical modules include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transmitter includes a laser (6) and a diverging lens (8) that collimates the light signal emitted by the laser (6). The receiver includes a photodetector (7) and a converging lens (9) that focuses the received light signal onto the photodetector (7). After the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted, the transmitter of one side of the optical module is aligned with the receiver of the other side of the optical module. A positioning protrusion (31) is provided on one side of the optical module, and a positioning groove (121) is provided on the other side of the optical module. When the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted, the positioning protrusion (31) is inserted into the positioning groove (121). After the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted, they are locked by a quick-locking mechanism.

2. The high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser (6) and photodetector (7) are mounted on the corresponding printed circuit board (2), which is located inside the plug insulator (1) or insulating sleeve (11). A connector (10) is mounted on the other side of the printed circuit board (2).

3. The high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical module includes an optical module housing, a printed circuit board (2) fixed on the optical module housing, the optical module housing fixed inside a plug insulator (1) or an insulating sleeve (11), and a transmitter and / or receiver are provided inside the optical module housing.

4. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical module housing is provided with a bracket (32) for positioning the laser (6) and the corresponding diverging lens (8) or for positioning the photodetector (7) and the corresponding converging lens (9).

5. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: The optical module housing is provided with a positioning protrusion (31) or a positioning groove (121).

6. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the outer walls of the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) is provided with a plug quick-lock structure (102), and the other outer wall is provided with a quick-lock hole (113) extending forward and backward. The plug quick-lock structure (102) is an elastic cantilever extending forward. The end of the plug quick-lock structure (102) is provided with a barb (106). When the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted, the plug quick-lock structure (102) passes through the quick-lock hole (113) and is locked in the quick-lock hole (113) by the barb (106).

7. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 6, characterized in that: One of the outer walls of the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) has a quick-lock protrusion (105) and the other outer wall has a socket quick-lock structure (111). The front side of the quick-lock protrusion (105) has a plug quick-lock structure (102). The barbs (106) on the plug quick-lock structure (102) and the quick-lock protrusion (105) form a groove (103). The quick-lock hole (113) is set on the socket quick-lock structure (111). After the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted, the side wall of the quick-lock hole (113) is locked in the groove (103).

8. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rear edge of the quick-lock hole (113) is provided with a sharp corner (114), which can be locked onto the barb (106).

9. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the plug quick-lock structure (102) is provided with a pressing slope I (107), and the front edge of the quick-lock hole (113) is provided with a pressing slope II (115). When the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) are inserted into each other, the pressing slope II (115) presses the pressing slope I (107) to deform the plug quick-lock structure (102) so that it can be inserted into the quick-lock hole (113).

10. A high-speed data transmission device based on free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the plug insulator (1) and the insulating sleeve (11) is provided with a guide groove (101) extending forward and backward, and the other is provided with a wall that can be inserted into the guide groove (101) when plugged in.

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