Cathode wire gradient utilization efficient electric dust remover
By setting barbed wire, needle wire, and spherical wire in different electric fields within the electrostatic precipitator, the problems of low dust removal efficiency and dust escape in traditional electrostatic precipitators are solved, achieving a highly efficient dust collection effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520283563.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-21
AI Technical Summary
When traditional electrostatic precipitators use a single type of barbed wire or needle wire as the cathode wire, the dust removal efficiency is low, and dust easily encapsulates the cathode wire, leading to corona sealing and escape problems.
Different types of cathode wires are set in different electric fields within the electrostatic precipitator, including barbed wires in the front electric field, needle wires in the middle electric field, and spherical wires in the final electric field. The stepped design improves dust charging and collection efficiency.
It significantly improves the dust removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, reduces dust escape and cathode wire ash accumulation, and enhances the dust collection effect of the electric field.
Smart Images
Figure CN223862023U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection equipment technology, specifically to a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator that utilizes cathode wire cascades. Background Technology
[0002] As a crucial part of energy supply, the smoke and dust emissions generated during the production process of coal-fired power plants have always been a key concern in the field of environmental protection. To effectively purify the smoke and dust emitted from coal-fired boilers, electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are widely used in coal-fired power plants. ESPs achieve corona charging and dust collection by matching corona wires to the anode. The cathode wire typically uses a single barbed or needle-like wire, which, together with the anode plate, forms an electric field to charge and collect the smoke and dust.
[0003] However, when traditional electrostatic precipitators use a single type of barbed wire or needle wire as the cathode wire, the dust removal efficiency is often low. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator that utilizes cathode wire cascades. By improving upon traditional electrostatic precipitators, the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is significantly increased.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wires in a cascade manner, comprising an anode plate, a front electric field, a middle electric field, and a final electric field distributed sequentially along the flue gas direction. The front electric field is provided with a first type of cathode wire, the middle electric field is provided with a second type of cathode wire, and the final electric field is provided with a third type of cathode wire. The first type of cathode wire is a barbed wire, the second type of cathode wire is a needle-punched wire, and the third type of cathode wire is a spherical wire.
[0006] By adopting the technical solution of this application, different types of cathode wires are set in different electric fields within the electrostatic precipitator, thereby significantly improving the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator.
[0007] Optionally, the intermediate electric field includes a first-class field segment and a second-class field segment, wherein the first-class field segment is closer to the front electric field than the second-class field segment;
[0008] The distance between the discharge tip of the second-class cathode line located in the first-class field section and the corresponding anode plate is less than the distance between the discharge tip of the second-class cathode line located in the second-class field section and the corresponding anode plate.
[0009] Optionally, the second type of field section includes at least two sub-segments, and each sub-segment is also provided with the second type of cathode wire;
[0010] The discharge tip of the type II cathode line located within each of the sub-segments is equidistant from the anode plate on the corresponding side.
[0011] Optionally, two type II cathode wires are disposed between two adjacent anode plates within the type I field section.
[0012] Optionally, two type II cathode wires are disposed between two adjacent anode plates within the type II field section.
[0013] Optionally, a cathode wire of the first type is disposed between two adjacent anode plates in the front electric field.
[0014] Optionally, the cathode wire has a corona end that is shaped like an "8".
[0015] Optionally, the three types of cathode wires have corona ends, which are spherical in shape.
[0016] Optionally, the discharge tips of each cathode wire are distributed forward and backward along the direction perpendicular to the flue gas flow.
[0017] Other features and advantages of this specification will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of this specification and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of this specification.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution inside the electrostatic precipitator in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a type of cathode wire in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical line in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0023] Figure label:
[0024] 100 - Front electric field; 200 - Middle electric field; 201 - Class I field section; 202 - Class II field section; 202a - Sub-segment; 300 - Final electric field; 401 - Class I cathode wire; 402 - Class II cathode wire; 403 - Class III cathode wire; 500 - Corona discharge end; 600 - Anode plate. Detailed Implementation
[0025] This invention provides a high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator that utilizes cathode wire cascades. By improving the electrostatic precipitator, the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator is significantly increased.
[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] Relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between the components.
[0028] In traditional electrostatic precipitators, each electric field typically uses a single barbed wire or needle-punched wire as the cathode wire to corona charge the flue dust. Under the influence of the electric field, the charged dust is driven to the anode plate and then falls into the ash hopper for collection. However, because the flue dust entering the electrostatic precipitator contains ammonium bisulfate, which has strong adhesive properties, the dust easily coats the cathode wire, weakening the discharge performance and, in severe cases, causing corona blockage.
[0029] In electrostatic precipitators, barbed wire and needle-punched wire, used as cathode wires, do indeed possess strong discharge capabilities, contributing to the charging of dust particles. However, when the electric field path is short, the residence time of dust particles in the electric field is correspondingly shortened. This may cause some charged dust particles to escape from the electric field before reaching the anode plate, thus affecting dust removal efficiency. The electric field path refers to the path length of dust particles from the inlet to the outlet in the electric field. Residence time is the duration of time dust particles reside in the electric field, equal to the ratio of the electric field length to the electric field velocity. When the electric field path is short, the residence time of dust particles in the electric field decreases, which may cause some dust particles to be discharged from the electric field before they are fully charged or before reaching the anode plate in time.
[0030] In other words, traditional electrostatic precipitators mostly use a single barbed wire or needle wire as the cathode wire for charging the flue gas. However, this single cathode wire can cause problems such as dust entrapment and dust escape, resulting in low dust removal efficiency of traditional electrostatic precipitators.
[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the electric field distribution inside the electrostatic precipitator in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a type of cathode wire in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Top view; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spherical line in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0032] As shown in the figure, the cathode wire cascade high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator includes a flue gas inlet, an anode plate 600, and a front electric field 100, a middle electric field 200, and a final electric field 300 distributed sequentially along the flue gas direction. The flue gas enters the front electric field 100, the middle electric field 200, and the final electric field 300 sequentially after entering the flue gas inlet before exiting the electrostatic precipitator. That is, the front electric field 100 is the first area through which the flue gas flows after entering the electrostatic precipitator, then the flue gas enters the middle electric field located behind the front electric field 100, and finally exits the electrostatic precipitator through the final electric field 300.
[0033] Within the front electric field 100, a type I cathode wire 401 is installed, which is a barbed wire. Within the middle electric field 200, a type II cathode wire 402 is installed, which is a needle-like wire. Within the final electric field 300, a type III cathode wire 403 is installed, which is a spherical wire.
[0034] By adopting the technical solution of this application, different types of cathode wires are set in different electric fields within the electrostatic precipitator, thereby significantly improving the dust removal efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator. Specifically, since the front electric field 100 is directly connected to the flue gas inlet, the flue dust entering the front electric field 100 contains a relatively high content of ammonium bisulfate. By setting barbed wires within the front electric field 100, the degree to which high-concentration dust and ammonia escape encapsulate the cathode wires can be reduced, mitigating or preventing corona sealing of the cathode wires. This is due to the special structural design of the barbed wires; the corona end 500 of the barbed wires can effectively prevent dust encapsulation. In addition, the barbed wires have the characteristics of low corona initiation voltage and very strong corona discharge, which can be well adapted to the environment within the front electric field 100.
[0035] The barbed wire has a corona-tipped end 500, which is shaped like an "8". This effectively prevents the corona-tipped end 500 from being wrapped. In addition, the barbed wire can also be a serrated barbed wire, a V-shaped barbed wire, a cross-shaped barbed wire, or a wound tube type barbed wire, etc. Those skilled in the art can choose the type of barbed wire in this application as needed.
[0036] By using spherical wires in the final electric field 300, the problem of comprehensive dust collection from all charged dust particles in the preceding electric field is solved. This increases the dust collection capacity of the anode plate 600, making a final effort for dust collection in the electrostatic precipitator and ultimately achieving the best emission performance. The Class III cathode wire 403 has a corona end 500, which is spherical in structure. Using cathode wires with this structure significantly increases the dust collection effect within the final electric field 300, further improving its dust removal performance.
[0037] In an alternative approach, to further increase the dust collection efficiency of the final electric field 300, the flow velocity of the flue gas within the final electric field 300 can be reduced. To reduce the flow velocity of the flue gas within the final electric field 300, the number of electrode plates 600 can be reduced.
[0038] The intermediate electric field 200 is located in the middle of the front electric field 100 and the final electric field 300. Setting the needle wire in the intermediate electric field 200 can reduce or solve the phenomenon that the front electric field 100 does not charge the dust sufficiently, and some dust flows into the final electric field 300 before it has a chance to be charged, which increases the charging pressure of the final electric field 300.
[0039] In some alternative implementations, the intermediate electric field 200 includes a first-class field section 201 and a second-class field section 202, with the first-class field section 201 being closer to the front electric field 100 than the second-class field section 202. That is, the first-class field section 201 is connected to the front electric field 100, and the second-class field section 202 is connected to the final electric field 300. In the flue gas flow direction, the first-class field section 201 is located upstream of the second-class field section 202.
[0040] The first distance s1 between the discharge tip of the Class II cathode wire 402 disposed in Class I field section 201 and the corresponding anode plate 600 is less than the second distance s2 between the discharge tip of the Class II cathode wire 402 disposed in Class II field section 202 and the corresponding anode plate 600. In other words, the discharge tip of the cathode wire disposed in Class I field section 201 is closer to the corresponding anode plate 600 than the discharge tip of the cathode wire disposed in Class II field section 202. Here, the discharge tip of the cathode wire refers to the sharp portion of the cathode wire used to generate corona discharge, i.e., the discharge position of the aforementioned corona end 500.
[0041] In another example, the Class II field section 202 includes at least two sub-sections 202a, each of which is also provided with a Class II cathode line 402. The discharge tip of the Class II cathode line 402 located in each sub-section 202a is equidistant from the anode plate 600 on the corresponding side.
[0042] Of course, a Class I field segment 201 can also include one or more sub-segments 202a. In addition to having two sub-segments 202a, a Class II field segment 202 can also have one or more sub-segments 202a.
[0043] Therefore, based on the electric field charge intensity requirements of different areas of the electric field 200, the step-type arrangement of Class II cathode wires 402 can effectively charge and collect dust, preventing dust from escaping without being charged.
[0044] Specifically, two Class II cathode wires 402 are arranged between two adjacent anode plates 600 within the Class I field section 201. Two Class II cathode wires 402 are also arranged between two adjacent anode plates 600 within the Class II field section 202. This ensures the discharge area range and guarantees the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector.
[0045] Optionally, a type I cathode wire 401 is disposed between two adjacent anode plates 600 within the front electric field 100. The type I cathode wire 401 forms two discharge tips for one anode plate 600, which can also reduce the cost of the dust collector.
[0046] In the above embodiment, the discharge tips of each cathode wire are distributed forward and backward along a direction perpendicular to the flue gas flow. This ensures the dust removal efficiency of the dust collector.
[0047] The dust removal system, which includes the aforementioned high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire cascades, also includes a desulfurization and denitrification device. The flue gas inlet of the high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire cascades is connected to the flue gas outlet of the desulfurization and denitrification device.
[0048] By adopting the technical solution in this application, efficient collection of dust in flue gas can be achieved.
[0049] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire cascades, characterized in that, It includes an anode plate (600), a front electric field (100), a middle electric field (200) and a final electric field (300) distributed sequentially along the flue gas direction. The front electric field (100) is provided with a first-class cathode wire (401), the middle electric field (200) is provided with a second-class cathode wire (402), and the final electric field (300) is provided with a third-class cathode wire (403). The first-class cathode wire (401) is a barbed wire, the second-class cathode wire (402) is a needle-punched wire, and the third-class cathode wire (403) is a spherical wire.
2. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wires in a cascade manner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate electric field (200) includes a first-class field segment (201) and a second-class field segment (202), wherein the first-class field segment (201) is closer to the front electric field (100) than the second-class field segment (202); The first distance (s1) between the discharge tip of the second-class cathode line (402) disposed in the first-class field section (201) and the corresponding side of the anode plate (600) is smaller than the second distance (s2) between the discharge tip of the second-class cathode line (402) disposed in the second-class field section (202) and the corresponding side of the anode plate (600).
3. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire in a cascade manner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second type of field section (202) includes at least two sub-sections (202a), and each sub-section (202a) is also provided with the second type of cathode line (402); The discharge tip of the second type of cathode line (402) located within each of the sub-segments (202a) is equidistant from the anode plate (600) on the corresponding side.
4. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wires in a cascade manner according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two type II cathode wires (402) are disposed between two adjacent anode plates (600) within the type I field section (201).
5. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire in a cascade manner according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two Class II cathode wires (402) are disposed between two adjacent anode plates (600) within the Class II field section (202).
6. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wires in a cascade manner according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cathode wire (401) is disposed between two adjacent anode plates (600) within the front electric field (100).
7. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire in a cascade manner according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The cathode wire (401) has a corona end (500) which is shaped like an "eight".
8. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire in a cascade manner according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The three types of cathode wires (403) have a corona end (500), which is a spherical structure.
9. The high-efficiency electrostatic precipitator utilizing cathode wire in a cascade manner according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The discharge tips of each cathode wire are distributed forward and backward along the direction perpendicular to the flue gas flow.