Locomotive handle seat

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locomotive handle seat which belongs to the field of locomotive accessories and comprises a base and a gear switch arranged in the base, the gear switch comprises a switch seat, a gear sliding block, a gear block, a conducting strip and a gear rod, the gear block and the switch seat form a gear groove, the gear sliding block slides in the gear groove, a containing cavity is formed in the gear sliding block in the axis direction, and the conducting strip is arranged in the containing cavity. The end, close to the switch base, of the containing cavity is provided with a ball, a gear spring is arranged in the containing cavity, one end of the gear spring abuts against the ball, the other end of the gear spring abuts against the conducting strip, and the end face of the end, close to the ball, of the gear groove is provided with a wave groove used for sliding of the ball. When the gear sliding block slides in the gear groove, the containing cavity drives the ball to move to the top of the wave groove to enable the gear spring to be compressed, and when the ball crosses the top end, the spring provides acceleration for falling of the ball, gear shifting is smoother, gear sound is clearer, blocking of the gear switch during gear shifting can be reduced, and the service life of the gear switch is prolonged. And the gear shifting smoothness is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of locomotive parts, specifically to a locomotive handlebar seat. Background Technology

[0002] The locomotive handlebars typically consist of a base body, a turn signal controller module integrated into the base body, and an embedded horn button assembly, among other core components.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent publication number "CN216793523U" discloses a multi-functional turn signal switch assembly. The turn signal switch assembly includes a mounting base on a housing, a cover that cooperates with the mounting base, a slider on the mounting base, a conductive plate on the bottom of the slider that is linked to it, and a toggle element for moving the slider. The mounting base has a mounting groove that cooperates with the slider to slide. The bottom wall of the mounting groove has a stationary contact. The conductive plate has a moving contact corresponding to the stationary contact. The slider is moved by the toggle element to control the on / off state of the corresponding moving contact and the stationary contact, thereby realizing the activation and deactivation of the turn signal.

[0004] However, the aforementioned turn signal switch still has the following drawbacks:

[0005] First, when shifting gears, the switch assembly makes it difficult to accurately determine whether the gear shift was successful through switch feedback, which seriously affects the driving experience. At the same time, the switch assembly does not have an anti-accidental contact structure, and the toggle is prone to accidental contact, causing the turn signal to be turned on or off accidentally. This may cause other road users to misunderstand the driving intention, thereby causing traffic accidents and posing a threat to driving safety.

[0006] Secondly, the turn signal switch assembly uses a toggle as a support point to drive the slider to move. By pushing the toggle to move, the gear shift is driven. When shifting gears, the toggle swings for a large distance and has a long lever arm. In frequent gear shifting operations, gear positioning deviation is likely to occur. This results in a long shifting distance and low operating accuracy. In addition, the toggle is prone to breakage due to uneven force during displacement, which can damage the switch.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to improve upon the aforementioned shortcomings. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a motorcycle handlebar seat with a smaller swing amplitude of the gear lever, smoother gear shifting, clearer gear sound, and light and convenient operation, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a locomotive handlebar seat, including a base and a gear switch disposed within the base. The gear switch includes a switch seat, a gear slider disposed on the switch seat, a gear block linked to the gear slider, a conductive sheet linked to the gear slider, and a lever for sliding the gear slider. The gear block and the switch seat form a gear groove, and the gear slider slides within the gear groove. A receiving cavity is provided in the axial direction of the gear slider. A ball is provided at one end of the receiving cavity near the switch seat. A gear spring is provided inside the receiving cavity. One end of the gear spring abuts against the ball, and the other end abuts against the conductive sheet. A wave groove for the ball to slide is provided on the end face near the ball of the gear groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution: the gear switch shifts gears via a gear lever. When the gear slider slides in the gear slot, the receiving cavity drives the ball to move to the top of the wave groove, compressing the gear spring. When the ball passes the top, the spring provides acceleration for the ball's descent, making the shifting smoother. The collision between the ball and the switch seat is more obvious, and the gear sound is clearer. Furthermore, the wave groove, through the cooperation of the top and bottom, ensures that the ball stays stably at each gear position, achieving precise positioning of the gear slider, avoiding misoperation during gear shifting, and allowing the gear slider to smoothly transition between different gears. This reduces the jamming during gear shifting and improves the smoothness of gear shifting.

[0011] The aforementioned locomotive handlebars can be further configured as follows: the switch base is provided with a hinge block, the hinge block has a hinge hole, limit blocks are provided at intervals above the gear slider, and a limit groove is formed between the interval limit blocks, the middle of the gear lever is provided with a mounting part, the mounting part has a mounting hole, and a hinge bolt passes through the mounting hole and the hinge hole, the gear lever is divided into a short guide rod and a long guide rod on both sides of the mounting part, the end of the short guide rod is provided in the limit groove, and the end of the long guide rod is provided with a push block for rotating the gear lever.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution: the middle part of the gear lever is detachably connected to the gear switch through a hinge hole, and the end of the short guide rod of the gear lever is fixed in the limiting groove between the limiting blocks, so that the gear lever and the gear slider are linked. With the support point of the installation part, the long guide rod is pushed by the push block to make the short guide rod rotate. Compared with the method of directly pushing the gear lever to drive the gear slider to move, the swing amplitude of the gear lever is smaller, and the operation is more convenient and easy when riding.

[0013] The aforementioned locomotive handlebars can be further configured such that: the gear shift slider has a placement groove, a conductive sheet passes through the placement groove, the gear shift block has several spaced stationary contacts, and the conductive sheet has a moving contact that can abut and connect with any two adjacent stationary contacts.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution: the conductive sheet is inserted into the placement groove to make the moving contact and the gear slider work together. Multiple stationary contacts enable the gear switch to switch between various gears, improving the versatility and adaptability of the gear switch. The spacing between the moving contacts and the stationary contacts on the conductive sheet is the same. When the gear slider slides to a specific gear, the moving contact can contact the stationary contact to form a circuit and complete the gear switching. This can effectively prevent gear errors caused by misoperation or incomplete gear shifting, and improve the accuracy and safety of gear shifting.

[0015] The above-mentioned locomotive handlebar seat can be further configured as follows: the base is divided into an upper base and a lower base, and handlebar holes for the handlebar to pass through are opened at both ends of the base at the edge connection of the upper base and the lower base. A through groove for the gear lever to pass through is opened on the side wall of the upper base. Several fixing posts are provided inside the upper base. The switch seat is provided with fixing blocks riveted to the fixing posts. A stop block for restricting the movement of the switch seat is provided inside the upper base at the edge of the gear switch.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the base is divided into two parts. During assembly, the gear switch can be assembled as a whole and then quickly installed into the upper base using the fixing block. It is then combined and fixed with the lower base, facilitating more precise component installation and adjustment, and improving the assembly efficiency of the base. Furthermore, the stop block effectively limits the movement range of the switch base on the upper base, preventing positional displacement due to external forces or vibrations. Combined with the fixing column and fixing block, this further enhances the stability of the gear switch within the base.

[0017] The above-mentioned locomotive handlebars can be further configured as follows: the upper base is provided with several first connecting posts, the lower base is provided with second connecting posts corresponding to the connecting posts, the second connecting posts have connecting holes in the middle, and connecting bolts for connecting the upper base and the lower base are inserted through the connecting holes. The lower base is provided with several positioning blocks at the connection point with the upper base. The positioning blocks are slightly higher than the edge of the lower base and can contact the inner wall of the upper base.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution: the positioning block provides a positioning basis for the assembly of the upper base and the lower base, enabling the upper base and the lower base to be assembled quickly. In addition, the first connecting post is only located inside the upper base, while the connecting hole on the second connecting post of the lower base passes through the lower base, allowing the connecting bolt to be assembled quickly. Furthermore, the connecting bolt is hidden at the bottom of the base, making the overall exterior of the base smoother and improving the aesthetics of the handle.

[0019] The aforementioned locomotive handlebars can be further configured as follows: a brake lever seat is provided on the outside of the lower base, a movable groove is provided on the side of the brake lever seat, a brake handle is hinged in the movable groove, and a wire groove for installing brake cables is provided between the handle and the brake lever seat.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the brake lever seat and the lower base are integrally molded, making the structure of the seat more stable. The movable groove on the side of the brake lever seat makes the assembly of the brake lever more convenient. The end of the brake lever is inserted into the movable groove and the hinge hole is aligned with the hinge opening of the brake lever seat. Then, the hinge of the brake lever and the seat is completed by the hinge bolt, which improves the convenience of installing the seat and the brake lever. In addition, the brake cable is linked to the brake lever through the cable groove, which improves the function of the seat.

[0021] The locomotive handlebars can be further configured such that: a push-button switch is provided on the side of the lower base, the push-button switch includes a button base, a button contact plate, a button spring and a button block, one end of the button block abuts against the button block and the other end abuts against the button contact plate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, a button switch is installed on the side of the lower base, allowing the driver to conveniently use the button switch to activate other functions such as the horn while shifting gears. This improves the convenience and continuity of operation. The button spring ensures that the button block can rebound stably, effectively resisting vibration and impact, preventing loosening or failure, and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the button switch. At the same time, it prevents accidental contact between the button block and the button contact plate, ensuring the response speed and reliability of the button switch.

[0023] The locomotive handlebars can be further configured such that several drainage holes are provided on the end wall of the lower base on the side opposite to the upper base.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the drainage holes opened on the end wall of the lower base can promptly drain rainwater or water that may enter the locomotive handlebars, preventing liquid from accumulating inside the handlebars and keeping the inside of the handlebars dry.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0026] First, by linking the middle of the gear lever with the switch base and the short guide rod with the gear slider, the swing amplitude of the gear lever is smaller, and the gear switching of the gear switch is more convenient and easier. At the same time, the receiving cavity in the middle of the gear slider is equipped with a ball bearing that matches the wave groove on the switch base. When the gear slider slides, the ball bearing is forced to slide in the wave groove and compress the gear spring. When it passes the top of the wave groove, the spring provides force for gear switching, which can not only prevent gear misoperation, but also make gear switching smoother and the gear sound clearer.

[0027] Secondly, the base is divided into an upper base and a lower base. During assembly, the gear switch can be assembled as a whole and then quickly installed into the upper base using the fixing block. It is then combined and fixed with the lower base, facilitating more precise component installation and adjustment, and improving the assembly efficiency of the base. Furthermore, the stop block effectively limits the movement range of the switch base within the upper base, preventing positional shifts due to external forces or vibrations. Combined with the fixing post and fixing block, this further enhances the stability of the gear switch within the base.

[0028] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the handle of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled handle of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a disassembled schematic diagram of the gear switch of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the switch base and the stop block of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper base structure of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the lower base structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a disassembled schematic diagram of the push button switch of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the lower base and the brake lever of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the symmetrically arranged handle structure of this utility model;

[0038] Labeling notes: Base 1, Upper base 11, Through slot 111, Fixing post 112, Stop block 113, First connecting post 114, Lower base 12, Second connecting post 121, Connecting hole 122, Connecting bolt 123, Positioning block 124, Drain hole 125, Handlebar hole 13, Gear switch 2, Switch base 21, Wave groove 211, Hinge block 212, Hinge hole 213, Fixing block 214, Gear slider 22, Receiving cavity 221, Ball bearing 222, Gear spring 223, Limiting block; 224, Limiting groove; 225, Placement groove; 226, Gear block; 23, Stationary contact; 231, Conductive sheet; 24, Moving contact; 241, Gear lever; 25, Mounting part; 251, Mounting hole; 252, Hinge bolt; 253, Short guide rod; 254, Long guide rod; 255, Push block; 256, Gear groove; 26, Brake lever seat; 3, Movable groove; 31, Brake handle; 32, Wire groove; 33, Button switch; 4, Button seat; 41, Button contact plate; 42, Button spring; 43, Button block; 44. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8The locomotive handlebar shown includes a base 1 and a gear switch 2 disposed within the base 1. The gear switch 2 includes a switch seat 21, a gear slider 22 disposed on the switch seat 21, a gear block 23 linked to the gear slider 22, a conductive sheet 24 linked to the gear slider 22, and a lever 25 for sliding the gear slider 22. The gear block 23 and the switch seat 21 form a gear groove 26. The gear slider 22 slides within the gear groove 26. A receiving cavity 221 is provided along the axial direction of the gear slider 22. A ball bearing 222 is provided at one end of the receiving cavity 221 near the switch seat 21. A gear spring 223 is provided within the receiving cavity 221. One end of the gear spring 223 abuts against the ball bearing 222, and the other end abuts against the conductive sheet 24. A wave groove 211 for sliding the ball bearing 222 is provided on the end face near the ball bearing 222. The gear switch 2 shifts gears via the gear lever 25. When the gear slider 22 slides within the gear slot 26, the receiving cavity 221 moves the ball 222 to the top of the wave groove 211, compressing the gear spring 223. When the ball 222 passes the top, the spring provides acceleration for the ball 222 as it falls, making the shifting smoother and the gear sound clearer. Furthermore, the shape and position of the wave groove 211 ensure that the ball 222 stays stably at each gear position, achieving precise positioning of the gear slider 22, avoiding misoperation during shifting, and allowing the gear slider 22 to smoothly transition between different gear positions. This reduces the stuttering during gear shifting and improves the smoothness of gear shifting.

[0041] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The switch base 21 shown is provided with a hinge block 212, and the hinge block 212 has a hinge hole 213. The stop slider 22 is provided with a limit block 224 spaced apart, and a limit groove 225 is formed between the limit blocks 224. The stop lever 25 is provided with a mounting part 251 in the middle, and the mounting part 251 has a mounting hole 252. A hinge bolt 253 passes through the mounting hole 252 and the hinge hole 213. The stop lever 25 is divided into a short guide rod 254 and a long guide rod 255 on both sides of the mounting part 251. The end of the short guide rod 254 is located in the limit groove 225, and the end of the long guide rod 255 is provided with a push block 256 for rotating the stop lever 25. The middle part of the gear lever 25 is detachably connected to the gear switch 2 through the hinge hole 213, and the end of the short guide rod 254 of the gear lever 25 is fixed in the limiting groove 225 between the gear blocks 23, so that the gear lever 25 and the gear slider 22 are linked. With the mounting part 251 as the support point, the long guide rod 255 is pushed by the push block 256 to make the short guide rod 254 rotate. Compared with the method of directly pushing the gear lever 25 to drive the gear slider 22 to move, the swing amplitude of the gear lever 25 is smaller, making it easier and more convenient to operate while riding.

[0042] The gear shift slider 22 has a placement groove 226, and the conductive sheet 24 passes through the placement groove 226. The gear shift block 23 has several spaced stationary contacts 231, and the conductive sheet 24 has a moving contact 241 that can contact and connect with any two adjacent stationary contacts 231. The conductive sheet 24 passes through the placement groove 226, which makes the moving contact 241 linked with the gear shift slider 22. The multiple stationary contacts 231 enable the gear shift switch 2 to switch between various gears, improving the versatility and adaptability of the gear shift switch 2. The spacing between the moving contacts 241 on the conductive sheet 24 is the same as the spacing between the stationary contacts 231. When the gear shift slider 22 slides to a specific gear, the moving contact 241 can contact the stationary contacts 231 to form a path and complete the gear shift. This can effectively prevent gear errors caused by misoperation or incomplete gear shifting, and improve the accuracy and safety of gear shifting.

[0043] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 The base 1 shown is divided into an upper base 11 and a lower base 12. Handlebar holes 13 are provided at both ends of the base 1 at the junction of the upper and lower bases 11 and 12 for the handlebar to pass through. A through-slot 111 for the shift lever 25 is provided on the side wall of the upper base 11. Several fixing posts 112 are provided inside the upper base 11. A fixing block 214 is provided on the switch base 21 to be riveted to the fixing posts 112. A stop block 113 is provided inside the upper base 11 at the edge of the shift switch 2 to limit the movement of the switch base 21. The base 1 is divided into two parts. During assembly, the shift switch 2 can be assembled as a whole and then quickly installed into the upper base 11 using the fixing block 214, and then combined and fixed with the lower base 12. This facilitates more precise installation and adjustment of components and improves the assembly efficiency of the handlebar base. In addition, the stop block 113 can effectively limit the movement range of the switch base 21 on the upper base 1, and prevent the position of the switch base 21 from shifting due to external force or vibration. Together with the fixing column 112 and the fixing block 214, it can further improve the stability of the gear switch 2 in the base 1.

[0044] The upper base 11 is provided with several first connecting posts 114, and the lower base 12 is provided with second connecting posts 121 corresponding to the connecting posts. A connecting hole 122 is opened in the middle of the second connecting post 121, and a connecting bolt 123 for connecting the upper base 11 and the lower base 12 passes through the connecting hole 122. Several positioning blocks 124 are provided at the connection point between the lower base 12 and the upper base 11. The positioning blocks 124 are slightly higher than the edge of the lower base 12 and can contact the inner wall of the upper base 11. The positioning blocks 124 provide a positioning basis for the assembly of the upper base 11 and the lower base 12, enabling quick assembly. Furthermore, the first connecting posts 114 are only located inside the upper base 11, while the connecting holes 122 on the second connecting posts 121 of the lower base 12 extend through the lower base 12, allowing for quick assembly of the connecting bolt 123. The connecting bolt 123 is also hidden at the bottom of the base 1, making the overall exterior of the base 1 smoother and improving the aesthetics of the handlebar.

[0045] The lower base 12 has several drainage holes 125 on the end wall of the side opposite to the upper base 11. The drainage holes 125 on the end wall of the lower base 12 can drain rainwater or water that may enter the locomotive handlebars in a timely manner, preventing liquid from accumulating inside the handlebars and keeping the inside of the handlebars dry.

[0046] A push-button switch 4 is located on the side of the lower base 12, such as... Figure 7 The push-button switch 4 shown includes a button base 41, a button contact plate 42, a button spring 43, and a button block 44. One end of the button block 44 abuts against the button base 42, and the other end abuts against the button contact plate 42. The push-button switch 4 is located on the side of the lower base 12, allowing the driver to conveniently use the push-button switch 4 to activate other functions such as the horn while shifting gears, improving operational convenience and continuity. The button spring 43 ensures stable rebound of the button block 44, effectively resisting vibration and impact, preventing loosening or failure, and ensuring long-term stable operation of the push-button switch 4. It also prevents accidental contact between the button block 44 and the button contact plate 42, guaranteeing the response speed and reliability of the push-button switch 4.

[0047] like Figure 8 The lower base 12 shown has a brake lever seat 3 on its exterior. A movable groove 31 is provided on the side of the brake lever seat 3, and a brake handle 32 is hinged within the movable groove 31. A cable groove 33 for installing the brake cable is provided between the handle and the brake lever seat 3. The brake lever seat 3 and the lower base 12 are integrally formed, making the structure of the lever seat more stable. The movable groove 31 on the side of the brake lever seat 3 makes the assembly of the brake handle 32 more convenient. The end of the brake handle 32 is inserted into the movable groove 31, and the hinge hole 213 aligns with the hinge opening of the brake lever seat 3. Then, the hinge of the brake handle 32 and the lever seat is completed by the hinge bolt, improving the ease of installation of the lever seat and the brake handle 32. In addition, the brake cable is linked to the brake handle 32 through the cable groove 33, perfecting the function of the lever seat.

[0048] like Figure 9 The image shows a locomotive handlebar seat, which is similar to... Figure 1 The locomotive handlebars shown are symmetrically arranged, including a base 1 and a gear switch 2 disposed within the base 1. The gear switch 2 shifts gears via a gear lever 25. When the gear slider 22 slides within the gear slot 26, the receiving cavity 221 moves the ball bearing 222 to the top of the wave groove 211, compressing the gear spring 223. As the ball bearing 222 passes the top, the spring provides acceleration for its descent, resulting in smoother gear shifting and clearer gear sounds. Furthermore, the shape and position of the wave groove 211 ensure that the ball bearing 222 remains stably in each gear, achieving precise positioning of the gear slider 22, avoiding misoperation during gear shifting, and allowing the gear slider 22 to smoothly transition between different gears. This reduces the jerking during gear shifting by the gear switch 2 and improves shifting smoothness. Additionally, other functional modules can be added to enhance the functionality of the locomotive handlebars, improving their versatility.

Claims

1. A locomotive handlebar seat, comprising a base and a gear position switch disposed within the base, the gear position switch comprising a switch base, a gear position slider disposed on the switch base, a gear position block disposed at the end of the switch base, a conductive sheet linked to the gear position slider, and a lever for sliding the gear position slider, characterized in that: The gear block and the switch base form a gear groove. The gear slider slides in the gear groove. The gear slider has a receiving cavity along the axial direction. A ball is provided at one end of the receiving cavity near the switch base. A gear spring is provided in the receiving cavity. One end of the gear spring abuts against the ball and the other end abuts against the conductive sheet. A wave groove is provided on the end face of the gear groove near the ball.

2. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch base is provided with a hinge block, and the hinge block has a hinge hole. Several limit blocks are provided at intervals above the gear slider, and the intervals between the limit blocks form a limit groove. The middle part of the gear lever is provided with a mounting part, and the mounting part has a mounting hole. A hinge bolt passes through the mounting hole and the hinge hole. The gear lever is divided into a short guide rod and a long guide rod on both sides of the mounting part. The end of the short guide rod is located in the limit groove, and the end of the long guide rod is provided with a push block for rotating the gear lever.

3. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gear slider has a placement groove, the conductive sheet passes through the placement groove, the gear block has a number of stationary contacts spaced apart, and the conductive sheet has a moving contact that can abut and connect with any two adjacent stationary contacts.

4. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is divided into an upper base and a lower base. The two ends of the base are provided with handlebar holes for the handlebar to pass through at the connection of the upper base and the lower base. The side wall of the upper base is provided with a through groove for the gear lever to pass through. The upper base is provided with several fixing posts. The switch base is provided with fixing blocks riveted to the fixing posts. The upper base is provided with a stop block at the edge of the gear switch to restrict the movement of the switch base.

5. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper base is provided with a plurality of first connecting posts, and the lower base is provided with second connecting posts corresponding to the connecting posts. A connecting hole is opened in the middle of the second connecting post, and a connecting bolt for connecting the upper base and the lower base passes through the connecting hole. The lower base is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks at the connection point with the upper base. The positioning blocks are slightly higher than the edge of the lower base and can contact the inner wall of the upper base.

6. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower base is provided with a brake lever seat on the outside. The side of the brake lever seat is provided with a movable groove. A brake handle is hinged in the movable groove. A wire groove for installing the brake cable is provided between the handle and the brake lever seat.

7. The locomotive handlebar seat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower base is provided with a button switch on its side. The button switch includes a button base, a button contact plate, a button spring, and a button block. One end of the button block abuts against the button block, and the other end abuts against the button contact plate.

8. The locomotive handlebar seat according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The lower base has several drainage holes on the end wall on the side opposite to the upper base.

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