Pre-boosting device, shield pressure maintaining system and shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a pre-boosting device, a shield pressure maintaining system and a shield tunneling machine, and belongs to the technical field of shield tunneling machines. The pre-boosting device comprises a force application piece, a control assembly and a pressure regulating assembly; the force application part is used for applying preset force to a water-soil layer on one side, deviating from the target part, of the target surface; a first pressure detection part and a second pressure detection part of the pressure adjusting assembly and the control assembly are electrically connected with the control part, and the first pressure detection part is used for detecting the pressure change of the water and soil layer when the force application part applies the preset force to the water and soil layer; the second pressure detection piece is used for detecting the pressure change of the target piece; the control part is used for controlling the pressure adjusting assembly to supply and adjust pressure to the target part according to detection information of the first pressure detection part and detection information of the second pressure detection part so that the target part can be balanced with the pressure of the water and soil layer. According to the pre-boosting device, collapse or arching of the tunnel face caused by large pressure deviation of the two sides of the tunnel face can be avoided, and the stability of the tunnel face can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel boring machine technology, and in particular to a pre-pressurization device, a tunnel boring machine pressure holding system, and a tunnel boring machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) play an important role in tunnel construction as tunnel excavation and lining equipment.

[0003] In related technologies, before tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, the pressure holding system of the TBM needs to undergo a pre-pressurization operation. The purpose of this operation is to establish a stable excavation environment and ensure that the tunnel face does not become unstable due to sudden excavation.

[0004] However, when the pressure holding system relies on itself to perform pre-pressurization, its slow response speed makes it unable to adapt to pressure changes in the soil and water layers on one side of the tunnel face. This results in an imbalance of pressure on both sides of the tunnel face, affecting its stability. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a pre-pressurization device, a shield pressure holding system, and a shield machine to address the shortcomings of related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a pre-pressurization device, including a force-applying component, a control component, and a pressure-regulating component. The force-applying component is used to apply a preset force to the soil and water layer on the side of the target surface away from the target component. The control component includes a control component, a first pressure detection component, and a second pressure detection component. Both the first and second pressure detection components are electrically connected to the control component. The first pressure detection component is used to detect pressure changes in the soil and water layer when the force-applying component applies the preset force to the soil and water layer. The second pressure detection component is used to detect pressure changes in the target component. The pressure-regulating component is electrically connected to the control component. The control component is used to control the pressure-regulating component to supply and regulate pressure to the target component based on the detection information of the first and second pressure detection components, so as to balance the pressure between the target component and the soil and water layer.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application includes a pressure regulating component comprising an air supply component, an exhaust component, and a control valve. The air supply component is used to communicate with the target component through the control valve and to supply compressed air into the target component. The exhaust component is used to discharge the compressed air from the target component. Both the control valve and the exhaust component are electrically connected to a control component. The control component is used to adjust the opening degree of the control valve and control the opening and closing of the exhaust component based on the detection information of the first pressure detection component and the detection information of the second pressure detection component, so that the air supply component and the exhaust component supply and regulate pressure for the target component.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application further includes an air inlet pipe in the pressure regulating component, and the air supply component includes an air supply component body and a delivery pump; the air supply component body is used to be connected in sequence with the delivery pump, control valve and target component through the air inlet pipe, and the delivery pump is used to pump the compressed air in the air supply component body into the target component through the air inlet pipe.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application has an exhaust component that is either an exhaust pump or an exhaust valve.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application further includes a sealing member with a sealing portion on its periphery. The sealing member is used to be embedded into the target surface so that the sealing portion abuts against the inner wall of the periphery of the target surface.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application uses an electrically controlled high-speed switching valve, an electrically controlled proportional valve, or a pneumatically controlled proportional valve as the control valve.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the pre-pressurization device provided in this application has a first pressure detection element that is a strain gauge sensor or a piezoresistive sensor, and a second pressure detection element that is an electronic pressure gauge.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a shield tunneling pressure-holding system, including a pressure-holding system body and a pre-pressurization device, as described in any of the first aspects, installed on the pressure-holding system body.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system provided in this application includes a mud-water chamber and an air cushion chamber arranged sequentially. The control component in the pre-pressurization device is used to control the pressure regulating component to supply and regulate pressure to the air cushion chamber based on the detection information of the first pressure detection component and the detection information of the second pressure detection component.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides a tunnel boring machine (TBM) including a TBM body and a TBM pressure-maintaining system, as described in any of the second aspects, installed on the TBM body.

[0016] The pre-pressurization device, shield pressure-maintaining system, and shield machine provided in this application are described below. The pre-pressurization device is used to supply and regulate pressure to the target component, so that the pressure of the target component and the soil and water layer on the side of the target face away from the target component are balanced. The target component can be the shield pressure-maintaining system, and the target face can be the tunnel face. The pre-pressurization device is equipped with a force-applying component and a first pressure detection component. The force-applying component is used to apply a preset force to the soil and water layer, which can be the force applied to the soil and water layer by the shield pressure-maintaining system during the pre-pressurization process. The first pressure detection component is used to detect the pressure changes in the soil and water layer during the process of the force-applying component simulating the force applied to the soil and water layer by the shield pressure-maintaining system during the pre-pressurization process.

[0017] By setting up a control unit, a second pressure detection unit, and a pressure regulating component, and electrically connecting the first pressure detection unit, the second pressure detection unit, and the pressure regulating component to the control unit, the control unit controls the pressure regulating component to supply pressure to the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. During the pressure supply process, the second pressure detection unit is used to detect pressure changes in the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. Based on the pressure change detection information of the soil and water layer by the first pressure detection unit and the pressure change of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system by the second pressure detection unit, the control unit controls the pressure regulating component to regulate the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. This achieves dynamic balance between the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system and the pressure of the soil and water layer in front of the tunnel face, thereby avoiding large pressure deviations on both sides of the tunnel face that could lead to tunnel face collapse or arching, and improving the stability of the tunnel face. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0019] Figure 1 Use of the pre-pressurization device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 Electrical connection diagram of the control components, control valves, and exhaust components in the pre-pressurization device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 Use of the pre-pressurization device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 .

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 100 - Pre-pressurization device;

[0024] 110 - Force-applying component;

[0025] 120 - Control components;

[0026] 121 - Control component; 122 - First pressure detection component; 123 - Second pressure detection component;

[0027] 130 - Voltage regulating component;

[0028] 131-Air supply component; 1311-Air supply component body; 1312-Transfer pump; 132-Exhaust component; 133-Control valve; 135-Inlet pipe;

[0029] 140 - Sealing component;

[0030] 200-Shield Tunneling Pressure Holding System;

[0031] 210 - Pressure holding system body; 211 - Mud and water chamber; 212 - Air cushion chamber;

[0032] 300 - Target surface;

[0033] 400-Soil and water layer. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of this application. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0037] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0038] Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0039] As mentioned in the background section, in related technologies, before tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, the pressure holding system of the TBM needs to undergo a pre-pressurization operation. The purpose of this operation is to establish a stable excavation environment and ensure that the tunnel face does not become unstable due to sudden excavation.

[0040] However, when the pressure holding system relies on itself to perform pre-pressurization, its slow response speed makes it unable to adapt to pressure changes in the soil and water layers on one side of the tunnel face. This results in an imbalance of pressure on both sides of the tunnel face, affecting its stability.

[0041] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a pre-pressurization device, a shield pressure-maintaining system, and a shield machine. The pre-pressurization device is used to supply and regulate pressure to the target component, so that the pressure of the target component and the soil and water layer on the side of the target face away from the target component are balanced. The target component can be the shield pressure-maintaining system, and the target face can be the tunnel face. The pre-pressurization device is equipped with a force-applying component and a first pressure detection component. The force-applying component is used to apply a preset force to the soil and water layer, which can be the force applied to the soil and water layer by the shield pressure-maintaining system during the pre-pressurization process. The first pressure detection component is used to detect the pressure change of the soil and water layer during the process of the force-applying component simulating the force applied to the soil and water layer by the shield pressure-maintaining system during the pre-pressurization process.

[0042] By setting up a control unit, a second pressure detection unit, and a pressure regulating component, and electrically connecting the first pressure detection unit, the second pressure detection unit, and the pressure regulating component to the control unit, the control unit controls the pressure regulating component to supply pressure to the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. During the pressure supply process, the second pressure detection unit is used to detect pressure changes in the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. Based on the pressure change detection information of the soil and water layer by the first pressure detection unit and the pressure change of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system by the second pressure detection unit, the control unit controls the pressure regulating component to regulate the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system. This achieves dynamic balance between the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system and the pressure of the soil and water layer in front of the tunnel face, thereby avoiding large pressure deviations on both sides of the tunnel face that could lead to tunnel face collapse or arching, and improving the stability of the tunnel face.

[0043] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2The pre-pressurization device 100 provided in this application embodiment includes a force-applying component 110, a control component 120, and a pressure-regulating component 130. The force-applying component 110 is used to apply a preset force to the soil and water layer 400 on the side of the target surface 300 away from the target component. The control component 120 includes a control component 121, a first pressure detection component 122, and a second pressure detection component 123. The first pressure detection component 122 and the second pressure detection component 123 are both electrically connected to the control component 121. The first pressure detection component 122 is used to detect the pressure change of the soil and water layer 400 when the force-applying component 110 applies a preset force to the soil and water layer 400.

[0045] The second pressure detection element 123 is used to detect pressure changes in the target element; the pressure regulating component 130 is electrically connected to the control element 121, and the control element 121 is used to control the pressure regulating component 130 to supply pressure and regulate pressure to the target element according to the detection information of the first pressure detection element 122 and the detection information of the second pressure detection element 123, so as to balance the pressure of the target element with that of the water and soil layer 400.

[0046] It should be noted that the pre-pressurization device 100 in this application embodiment can be applied to the shield pressure holding system 200 for shield construction. In addition, the pre-pressurization device 100 can also be applied to other similar scenarios with continuously changing water and soil pressure, such as submarine tunnel construction in marine engineering, deep-sea mining and other high-pressure environments, offshore oil platform construction, tunnel excavation in water conservancy projects, groundwater resource development, etc. This application embodiment does not limit these applications.

[0047] Specifically, the target component can be set as the shield pressure holding system 200, and the target face 300 is the tunnel face. The force application component 110 is used to apply a preset force to the soil layer 400 to simulate the force applied to the soil layer 400 by the shield pressure holding system 200 during the pre-pressurization process. In this way, by simulating the stress situation of the soil layer 400 during actual tunneling, the pre-pressurization process can be made more controllable and stable.

[0048] For example, the force-applying component 110 can be a centrifuge, which applies centrifugal force to the soil layer 400. The direction of the centrifugal force is the downward direction of gravity, perpendicular to the tunneling direction. The centrifugal force can increase from 0 kN to 37500 kN within 0 s to 900 s. That is, the force applied to the soil layer 400 by the shield pressure holding system 200 through the centrifuge during the pre-pressurization process from 0 s to 900 s is 0 kN to 37500 kN.

[0049] The first pressure detection element 122 is used to detect the pressure change of the soil layer 400 during the process of the force applied by the force-applying element 110 to the soil layer 400 in the pre-pressurization process of the shield pressure-holding system 200. Thus, through the detection information of the first pressure detection element 122, the trend information of the pressure on the soil layer 400 changing with time, f(t, p)=0, can be obtained, where t represents time and p represents pressure.

[0050] By setting up a control unit 121, a second pressure detection unit 123, and a pressure regulating component 130, and electrically connecting the first pressure detection unit 122, the second pressure detection unit 123, and the pressure regulating component 130 to the control unit 121, the control unit 121 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to supply pressure to the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200. During the pressure supply process, the second pressure detection unit 123 is used to detect pressure changes in the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200. Based on the pressure change detection information of the first pressure detection unit 122 on the soil-water layer 400 and the pressure change detection of the second pressure detection unit 123 in the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200, the control unit 121 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to regulate the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200, thereby achieving dynamic pressure balance between the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200 and the soil-water layer 400 in front of the tunnel face. This avoids large pressure deviations on both sides of the tunnel face, which could lead to tunnel face collapse or arching, and helps improve the stability of the tunnel face.

[0051] It is understandable that the control unit 121 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to regulate the pressure of the shield pressure maintaining system 200 based on the pressure change detection information of the first pressure detection component 122 on the water and soil layer 400 and the pressure change of the shield pressure maintaining system 200 detected by the second pressure detection component 123. That is, the control unit 121 dynamically controls the pressure regulating component 130 to regulate the pressure of the shield pressure maintaining system 200 based on the difference between the pressure value of the shield pressure maintaining system 200 measured by the second pressure detection component 123 at any time and f(t,p)=0, to ensure that the difference is within a preset range. For example, the preset range can be -2 kPa to 2 kPa. In other words, within this preset range, the collapse or arching of the tunnel face can be avoided.

[0052] It should be noted that the specific type of the control element 121 is not limited in the embodiments of this application. For example, the control element 121 can be a programmable logic controller.

[0053] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly 130 includes an air supply component 131, an exhaust component 132, and a control valve 133; the air supply component 131 is used to communicate with the target component through the control valve 133, the air supply component 131 is used to supply compressed air into the target component, and the exhaust component 132 is used to discharge the compressed air into the target component.

[0054] The control valve 133 and the exhaust component 132 are both electrically connected to the control component 121. The control component 121 is used to adjust the opening degree of the control valve 133 and control the opening and closing of the exhaust component 132 according to the detection information of the first pressure detection component 122 and the detection information of the second pressure detection component 123, so that the air supply component 131 and the exhaust component 132 supply pressure and regulate pressure for the target component.

[0055] The air supply component 131 is used to deliver compressed air into the target component to increase the internal pressure of the target component, and the exhaust component 132 is used to discharge the compressed air drawn from the target component to reduce the internal pressure of the target component. In this way, the target component can be pressure supplied and pressure regulated.

[0056] Furthermore, in order to balance the pressure of the target component and the soil and water layer 400 on the side of the target surface 300 away from the target component, the control valve 133 and the exhaust component 132 are electrically connected to the control component 121. As mentioned above, the target component is the shield pressure holding system 200. The control component 121 can dynamically adjust the opening size of the control valve 133, i.e. the duty cycle, and the opening and closing of the exhaust component 132 according to the difference between the pressure value of the shield pressure holding system 200 measured by the second pressure detection component 123 at any time and f(t,p)=0. This allows the air supply component 131 and the exhaust component 132 to regulate the pressure of the target component, thereby achieving the purpose of keeping the difference within the preset range.

[0057] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In a specific implementation, the exhaust component 132 is either an exhaust pump or an exhaust valve.

[0058] The exhaust pump can extract compressed air from the target component by providing power; the exhaust valve forms a channel for the target component to discharge compressed air to the outside by opening and adjusting the opening size, so that the target component can use the pressure difference between its inside and outside to discharge compressed air through the channel.

[0059] For example, the exhaust component 132 is an exhaust valve. When the pressure value of the shield pressure holding system 200 measured by the second pressure detection component 123 is higher than the value corresponding to f(t, p)=0, the control component 121 can increase the duty cycle of the exhaust valve. In this way, the exhaust component 132 increases the act of drawing compressed air from the target component, thereby reducing the pressure of the shield pressure holding system 200. When the pressure value of the shield pressure holding system 200 measured by the second pressure detection component 123 is lower than the value corresponding to f(t, p)=0, the control component 121 can increase the duty cycle of the control valve 133. In this way, the air supply component 131 increases the act of supplying compressed air to the target component, thereby increasing the pressure of the shield pressure holding system 200.

[0060] Furthermore, the control valve 133 is an electrically controlled high-speed switching valve, an electrically controlled proportional valve, or a pneumatically controlled proportional valve.

[0061] Among them, the electronically controlled high-speed switching valve can complete the switching action in a short time within milliseconds, ensuring a rapid response to pressure changes; at the same time, the electronically controlled high-speed switching valve has a high-precision opening adjustment capability, which can adjust the gas supply or exhaust flow rate more precisely according to the instructions of the control component 121.

[0062] Electro-proportional valves can precisely adjust the valve opening according to control signals, thereby achieving fine control of the gas supply flow. At the same time, electro-proportional valves have dynamic adjustment capabilities and can be continuously adjusted according to real-time pressure changes to ensure the stability and flexibility of control.

[0063] The pneumatic proportional valve combines the high flow characteristics of pneumatic drive with the proportional regulation function of electronic control, which can process a large amount of gas flow in a short time and meet the needs of scenarios that require rapid pressure increase or decrease.

[0064] It is understandable that when the exhaust component 132 is set as an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve can also be set as an electrically controlled high-speed switching valve, an electrically controlled proportional valve, or a pneumatically controlled proportional valve.

[0065] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly 130 further includes an air inlet pipe 135, and the air supply component 131 includes an air supply component body 1311 and a delivery pump 1312; the air supply component body 1311 is used to be sequentially connected to the delivery pump 1312, the control valve 133 and the target component through the air inlet pipe 135, and the delivery pump 1312 is used to pump the compressed air in the air supply component body 1311 into the target component through the air inlet pipe 135.

[0066] Specifically, the air supply unit body 1311 can be an air storage tank, which is used to hold compressed air; the air inlet pipe 135 is used to provide a stable transmission path for compressed air from the air supply unit body 1311 to the target component, so that the flow of compressed air is smoother and the pressure loss of compressed air during transmission is reduced; the delivery pump 1312 is used to provide the power required for the flow of compressed air, which is beneficial to improving the continuity and stability of air supply.

[0067] For example, during the process of pumping compressed air from the air supply body 1311 into the target component via the air inlet pipe 135, the delivery pump 1312 is located between the air supply body 1311 and the control valve 133. As a constant pressure source, the delivery pump 1312 can ensure a stable input of compressed air to the control valve 133, reduce the flow instability caused by pressure fluctuations in the air supply body 1311, and improve the working stability of the control valve 133.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pre-pressurization device 100 further includes a sealing member 140, which has a sealing portion on its periphery and is used to be embedded into the target surface 300 so that the sealing portion abuts against the inner wall of the periphery of the target surface 300.

[0069] Thus, by having the sealing component 140 withstand the pressure difference between the two sides of the target surface 300, damage to the target surface 300 is reduced, and the auxiliary pre-pressurization device 100 ensures the stability of the target surface 300.

[0070] For example, the target surface 300 is the working face, and the sealing component 140 can be a metal plate or a constant shield mud component; the sealing part is a structure that matches the inner wall of the working face. In this way, by fully abutting against the inner wall of the working face, a good support effect on the working face is achieved.

[0071] In practice, the tunnel face can be sealed with metal plates first, and the pressure of the soil and water layer 400 can be increased by the force application component 110, so that the first pressure detection component 122 can detect the pressure change of the soil and water layer 400. Then, the metal plates are removed under normal gravity conditions, and the tunnel face is sealed with the transverse shield mud component. In this way, after the pressure regulating component 130 is used to pre-pressurize the shield pressure holding system, the transverse shield mud component can be cut and destroyed during the shield tunneling process, thereby reducing the interference of the sealing component 140 on the shield tunneling.

[0072] In some examples, the first pressure sensing element 122 is a strain gauge sensor or a piezoresistive sensor; the second pressure sensing element 123 is an electronic barometer.

[0073] Among them, the strain gauge sensor reflects pressure changes by measuring material deformation. It can be installed on the structure near the soil-water layer 400 to provide feedback on the pressure change information of the soil-water layer 400.

[0074] Piezoresistive sensors sense pressure based on changes in resistance and are suitable for detection scenarios that require high sensitivity and fast response. They are installed near the soil layer 400 to provide feedback on pressure changes in the soil layer 400.

[0075] The electronic barometer features high resolution and fast response time, enabling precise measurement of gas pressure changes within the shield tunneling pressure maintenance system 200, achieving real-time detection and feedback.

[0076] Thus, by using strain gauge sensors or piezoresistive sensors to accurately detect the pressure of the soil layer 400, and by using electronic pressure gauges to accurately detect the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200, the control component 121 can make more accurate control based on the feedback, thereby reducing the risk of tunnel face collapse or arching.

[0077] Continue reading Figure 1 This application also provides a shield tunneling pressure holding system 200, which includes a pressure holding system body 210 and a pre-pressurization device 100 from any of the above embodiments disposed on the pressure holding system body 210.

[0078] The overall structure and working principle of the pre-pressurization device 100 are the same as those in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0079] The shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200 provided in this application embodiment includes a pre-pressurization device 100. The pre-pressurization device 100 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to supply pressure to the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200 via a control component 121. During the pressure supply process, a second pressure detection component 123 is used to detect pressure changes in the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200. Based on the pressure change detection information of the first pressure detection component 122 on the soil-water layer 400 and the pressure change detection of the second pressure detection component 123, the control component 121 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to regulate the pressure of the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200. This achieves dynamic pressure balance between the shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system 200 and the soil-water layer 400 in front of the tunnel face, thereby avoiding large pressure deviations on both sides of the tunnel face that could lead to tunnel face collapse or arching, and improving the stability of the tunnel face.

[0080] Furthermore, the pressure holding system body 210 includes a mud and water chamber 211 and an air cushion chamber 212 arranged in sequence; the control element 121 in the pre-pressurization device 100 is used to control the pressure regulating component 130 to supply pressure and regulate pressure to the air cushion chamber 212 according to the detection information of the first pressure detection element 122 and the detection information of the second pressure detection element 123.

[0081] In this way, the air cushion chamber 212 regulates its internal pressure by filling it with compressed air, ensuring that the pressure inside the air cushion chamber 212 is balanced with the pressure of the soil and water layer 400 on one side of the working face, thus preventing the working face from becoming unstable.

[0082] Furthermore, the mud chamber 211 can balance the formation pressure by adjusting the pressure of the mud and water.

[0083] In other examples, the pressure-holding system body 210 may include a soil chamber, into which modified materials such as foam and bentonite are injected to give the soil good plasticity and fluidity. At the same time, a screw conveyor is used to control the amount of soil discharged to maintain the pressure inside the soil chamber in balance with the external ground pressure.

[0084] This application also provides a tunnel boring machine, including a tunnel boring machine body and a tunnel pressure holding system 200 as described in the foregoing embodiments, which is installed on the tunnel boring machine body.

[0085] Understandably, the pressure-holding system body 210 is equipped with a slurry tank 211, and the tunnel boring machine as a whole is used as a slurry shield machine (SLM). In this case, slurry is used as a support medium. The slurry tank 211 mixes the excavated soil with slurry and pumps it out. After treatment, it is recycled to improve resource utilization.

[0086] The shield tunneling machine provided in this application embodiment has a shield pressure-maintaining system 200. A pre-pressurization device 100 is installed, and the pre-pressurization device 100 controls a pressure regulating component 130 to supply pressure to the shield pressure-maintaining system 200 via a control component 121. During the pressure supply process, a second pressure detection component 123 is used to detect pressure changes in the shield pressure-maintaining system 200. Based on the pressure change detection information of the first pressure detection component 122 on the soil-water layer 400 and the pressure change detection of the second pressure detection component 123, the control component 121 controls the pressure regulating component 130 to regulate the pressure of the shield pressure-maintaining system 200. This achieves dynamic pressure balance between the shield pressure-maintaining system 200 and the soil-water layer 400 in front of the tunnel face, thereby preventing large pressure deviations on both sides of the tunnel face that could lead to tunnel face collapse or arching, and improving the stability of the tunnel face.

[0087] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A pre-pressurization device (100), characterized in that, include: Force-applying component (110), the force-applying component (110) is used to apply a preset force to the soil and water layer (400) on the side of the target surface (300) away from the target component; The control component (120) includes a control element (121), a first pressure detection element (122), and a second pressure detection element (123). Both the first pressure detection element (122) and the second pressure detection element (123) are electrically connected to the control element (121). The first pressure detection element (122) is used to detect the pressure change of the soil layer (400) when the force-applying element (110) applies a preset force to the soil layer (400). The second pressure detection element (123) is used to detect the pressure change of the target element. A pressure regulating component (130) is electrically connected to the control component (121). The control component (121) is used to control the pressure regulating component (130) to supply pressure and regulate pressure to the target component according to the detection information of the first pressure detection component (122) and the detection information of the second pressure detection component (123), so that the pressure of the target component is balanced with that of the soil layer (400).

2. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating assembly (130) includes an air supply component (131), an exhaust component (132), and a control valve (133). The air supply component (131) is used to communicate with the target component through the control valve (133), the air supply component (131) is used to supply compressed air into the target component, and the exhaust component (132) is used to exhaust the compressed air into the target component; The control valve (133) and the exhaust component (132) are both electrically connected to the control component (121). The control component (121) is used to adjust the opening degree of the control valve (133) and control the opening and closing of the exhaust component (132) according to the detection information of the first pressure detection component (122) and the detection information of the second pressure detection component (123), so that the air supply component (131) and the exhaust component (132) supply pressure and regulate pressure for the target component.

3. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure regulating assembly (130) also includes an air intake pipe (135), and the air supply component (131) includes an air supply component body (1311) and a delivery pump (1312). The air supply component body (1311) is used to connect sequentially with the delivery pump (1312), the control valve (133) and the target component through the air intake pipe (135). The delivery pump (1312) is used to pump the compressed air in the air supply component body (1311) into the target component through the air intake pipe (135).

4. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The exhaust component (132) is one of an exhaust pump and an exhaust valve.

5. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It also includes a sealing member (140) having a sealing portion on its periphery, the sealing member (140) being used to be embedded into the target surface (300) so that the sealing portion abuts against the inner wall of the periphery of the target surface (300).

6. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The control valve (133) is an electrically controlled high-speed switching valve, an electrically controlled proportional valve, or a pneumatically controlled proportional valve.

7. The pre-pressurization device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first pressure sensing element (122) is a strain gauge sensor or a piezoresistive sensor; The second pressure detection element (123) is an electronic pressure gauge.

8. A shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system (200), characterized in that, It includes a pressure holding system body (210) and a pre-pressurization device (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 disposed on the pressure holding system body (210).

9. The shield tunneling pressure-maintaining system (200) according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pressure holding system body (210) includes a mud and water chamber (211) and an air cushion chamber (212) arranged in sequence. The control unit (121) in the pre-pressurization device (100) is used to control the pressure regulating component (130) to supply and regulate pressure to the air cushion chamber (212) according to the detection information of the first pressure detection unit (122) and the detection information of the second pressure detection unit (123).

10. A tunnel boring machine, characterized in that, It includes the tunnel boring machine body and the tunnel pressure holding system (200) as described in claim 8 or 9, which is installed on the tunnel boring machine body.

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