Section steel concrete tunnel supporting structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a steel reinforced concrete tunnel supporting structure, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel building structures. The problems that a profile steel frame in an existing composite lining of a tunnel is only used as a primary support structure, and the cooperative stress of a primary support and a secondary lining is poor are solved. The profile steel concrete tunnel supporting structure comprises a primary support, a secondary lining and a waterproof coating arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining, the secondary lining comprises profile steel frames and profile steel concrete, the profile steel frames can also serve as the primary support in the excavation period, and every two adjacent profile steel frames arranged in the longitudinal direction of a tunnel are connected through a connecting assembly. The construction progress of the tunnel is greatly accelerated, the bearing capacity of the profile steel frame is fully exerted, and the cooperative stress capacity of primary support and secondary lining is remarkably optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to tunnel building structure technical field relates to a kind of type steel concrete tunnel support structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, tunnel generally adopts composite lining, and its support structure is usually composed of primary support and secondary lining. The primary support needs to have certain strength and rigidity to resist and inhibit the deformation of surrounding rock. The primary support is mainly composed of sprayed concrete, steel mesh and anchor rod. When the surrounding rock condition of the tunnel is poor, the primary support needs to be provided with grid steel frame or type steel frame. The secondary lining is a reinforced concrete structure. In the early stage of tunnel construction, the secondary lining is poured and completed to reach the strength to jointly bear the load with the primary support for the purpose of ensuring construction safety.

[0003] Taking two-step method as an example, the tunnel construction process is as follows: upper step excavation → upper step primary support (anchor, mesh, spray, steel frame erection) → lower step excavation → lower step primary support → inverted arch excavation → inverted arch primary support → inverted arch steel bar binding → pouring of inverted arch lining → waterproof layer → arch wall steel bar binding → pouring of arch wall lining.

[0004] The conventional tunnel composite lining structure has the following disadvantages: 1. The tunnel construction process is complex, the waterproof board paving requirement is high, the secondary lining steel bar binding is time-consuming, and the construction progress is slow; 2. The construction process from tunnel excavation to completion of secondary lining pouring is complex and time-consuming; 3. In order to avoid tunnel collapse and falling, the primary support steel frame is set to be strong. In addition, considering the long-term durability of the primary support steel frame, the secondary lining structure currently bears a large load and does not fully exert the load bearing capacity of the primary support steel frame; 4. The smooth waterproof board is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining, which is not conducive to the collaborative stress of the primary support and the secondary lining. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and provides a type steel concrete tunnel support structure with collaborative stress of primary support and secondary lining.

[0006] The utility model can be realized by the following technical scheme.

[0007] The type steel concrete tunnel support structure comprises a primary support, a secondary lining and a waterproof coating arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining. The secondary lining comprises a type steel frame and type steel concrete. The type steel frame can be used as the primary support during excavation. Two type steel frames arranged adjacent to each other along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are connected by a connecting assembly.

[0008] The waterproof coating is made of cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, polyurethane waterproof coating, polyurea waterproof coating, etc. The construction method can be mechanical spraying or manual scraping.

[0009] The steel frame can adopt I-beams or H-beams, and the steel frame can adopt welded steel and rolled steel. The steel material of the steel frame is preferably carbon structural steel with grade Q235-B.C.D, and low-alloy high-strength structural steel with grade Q345-B.C.D.E.

[0010] The steel frame can be used as the initial support during excavation, supporting the excavation surface and controlling the deformation of the tunnel. The smooth waterproof board is adjusted to a waterproof coating, which can greatly speed up the construction progress of the tunnel. The combination of the initial support and the secondary lining can significantly optimize the collaborative stress capacity of the initial support and the secondary lining.

[0011] In the above-mentioned steel-concrete tunnel support structure, the connecting assembly includes a plurality of longitudinal main reinforcement bars extending along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the longitudinal main reinforcement bars are arranged along the ring direction of the steel frame in sequence. The two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement bar are connected to different steel frames.

[0012] The longitudinal main reinforcement bar is preferably a II or III grade hot-rolled steel bar with a diameter greater than or equal to 16 mm, typically 16, 18, 20, 22, or 25 mm.

[0013] In the above-mentioned steel-concrete tunnel support structure, the longitudinal main reinforcement bar includes a longitudinal main reinforcement bar located on the outer side of the steel frame and a longitudinal main reinforcement bar located on the inner side of the steel frame. The two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement bar located on the outer side of the steel frame are connected to the flange plate on the outer side of the steel frame, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement bar located on the inner side of the steel frame are connected to the flange plate on the inner side of the steel frame.

[0014] In the above-mentioned steel-concrete tunnel support structure, the longitudinal main reinforcement bar is located on the inner side of the steel frame, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement bar are connected to the flange plate on the inner side of the steel frame. The outer side of the steel frame is provided with a steel plate connected to the flange plate on the outer side of the steel frame.

[0015] When the tunnel is in a poor surrounding rock condition or a sensitive deformation section, in order to strengthen the stiffness of the initial support, not only is the steel frame used as the initial support, but also a steel plate is provided on the side of the steel frame close to the surrounding rock. The steel plate and the steel frame can be connected by welding.

[0016] The steel plate is a hot-rolled steel plate with a thickness greater than 6 mm. The steel plate is divided into blocks along the longitudinal and ring directions of the tunnel contour according to the construction needs, and is processed by the manufacturer and transported to the site.

[0017] In the above-mentioned steel-concrete tunnel support structure, the steel frames located in different ring directions are arranged staggered along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0018] In the above-mentioned type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure, the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement are connected with the flange plates of the type steel frame through the steel sleeves welded on the flange plates. The steel sleeves can be welded in advance or welded on the flange plates of the type steel frame on site, and the longitudinal main reinforcement connects two adjacent type steel frames into a whole through the steel sleeves, thereby improving the structural strength.

[0019] In the above-mentioned type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure, the steel sleeves extend along the vertical direction of the tunnel, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement are provided with the connecting sections arranged vertically, which are inserted into the corresponding steel sleeves.

[0020] In the above-mentioned type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure, the primary support comprises anchor rods, steel mesh and sprayed concrete.

[0021] In the above-mentioned type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure, the primary support comprises anchor rods and fiber sprayed concrete. The fiber sprayed concrete is the sprayed concrete with fiber materials, and the fiber materials mainly include carbon fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber.

[0022] In the above-mentioned type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure, the type steel concrete is added with fiber materials, and the fiber materials include carbon fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber. The strength grade of the type steel concrete is not less than C30, the maximum aggregate diameter of the concrete of the type steel concrete is not greater than 25 mm, and the thickness of the protective layer formed by the type steel concrete located inside the type steel frame is not less than 100 mm.

[0023] Taking the two-step method as an example, the tunnel construction procedure using the type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure is as follows: upper step excavation → upper step primary support (anchor, mesh, spray), brushing waterproof coating and erecting type steel frame → lower step excavation → lower step primary support, brushing waterproof coating and erecting type steel frame → inverted arch excavation → inverted arch primary support and erecting type steel frame → pouring inverted arch type steel concrete → pouring arch wall type steel concrete.

[0024] Compared with the conventional tunnel composite lining structure, the secondary lining is adjusted from reinforced concrete to type steel concrete, the complicated steel binding process is eliminated, the waterproof layer is adjusted from smooth waterproof board to waterproof coating, the construction is fast and the process is simple, and therefore the tunnel construction progress can be greatly accelerated; the type steel frame serves as the primary support structure during excavation and is poured into the secondary lining after excavation, thereby fully exerting the bearing capacity of the type steel frame; since it is waterproof coating, the primary support and the secondary lining are combined well, and the synergistic stress capacity of the primary support and the secondary lining can be significantly optimized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure.

[0026] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the type steel concrete tunnel supporting structure provided in Embodiment One. Figure 1 ​

[0027] Figure 3 is the structural schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment one.

[0028] Figure 4 is the sectional schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment one.

[0029] Figure 5 is the structural schematic view of the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment one.

[0030] Figure 6 is the structural schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment two. Figure 1 is the sectional schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment two.

[0031] Figure 7 is the structural schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment two.

[0032] Figure 8 is the sectional schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment two.

[0033] Figure 9 is the structural schematic view of the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment two.

[0034] Figure 10 is the structural schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment three. Figure 1 is the sectional schematic view of the connection between the steel frame and the longitudinal main reinforcement provided in embodiment three.

[0035] In the figure, 1 is an anchor rod, 2 is a steel mesh, 3 is a sprayed concrete, 4 is a waterproof coating, 5 is a steel frame, 6 is a steel sleeve, 7 is a longitudinal main reinforcement, 71 is a connecting section, and 8 is a steel plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a specific embodiment of the utility model and further describes the technical scheme of the utility model in combination with the drawings, but the utility model is not limited to these embodiments.

[0037] Embodiment one

[0038] As shown in the steel-concrete tunnel support structure, the initial support includes an anchor rod 1, a steel mesh 2 and a sprayed concrete 3, the secondary lining includes a steel frame 5 and a steel-concrete, the steel frame 5 can serve as the initial support during excavation, and two steel frames 5 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are connected through a connecting assembly. Figure 1 The waterproof coating 4 adopts cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, polyurethane waterproof coating, polyurea waterproof coating, etc., and the construction mode adopts mechanical spraying mode, and the manual scraping mode can also be adopted, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0039] The waterproof coating 4 adopts cement-based penetrating crystalline waterproof coating, polyurethane waterproof coating, polyurea waterproof coating, etc., and the construction mode adopts mechanical spraying mode, and the manual scraping mode can also be adopted, and the construction efficiency is high.

[0040] The steel frame 5 can adopt I-beams or H-beams, and the steel frame 5 can adopt welded steel and rolled steel. The steel material of the steel frame 5 is preferably carbon structural steel of grade Q235-B.C.D, and low-alloy high-strength structural steel of grade Q345-B.C.D.E.

[0041] The steel frame 5 can be used as initial support during excavation, supporting the excavation surface and controlling the deformation of the tunnel. The smooth waterproof board is adjusted to the waterproof coating 4, which is fast and simple in construction, and can greatly speed up the progress of tunnel construction. The combination of initial support and secondary lining can significantly optimize the collaborative stress capacity of initial support and secondary lining.

[0042] As shown in Figures 2-4 , the connecting assembly includes a plurality of longitudinal main reinforcement 7 extending along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 is arranged along the ring direction of the steel frame 5, preferably uniformly distributed, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 are connected with different steel frames 5. The longitudinal main reinforcement 7 adopts II and III grade hot-rolled steel bars, and the diameter of the steel bar is greater than or equal to 16 mm, such as 16, 18, 20, 22, 25 mm, etc.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 includes longitudinal main reinforcement 7 located on the outer side of the steel frame 5 and longitudinal main reinforcement 7 located on the inner side of the steel frame 5, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 located on the outer side of the steel frame 5 are connected with the flange plate on the outer side of the steel frame 5, and the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 located on the inner side of the steel frame 5 are connected with the flange plate on the inner side of the steel frame 5.

[0044] As shown in Figure 5 , the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 is in a straight line, and the two ends are welded on the flange plate of the steel frame 5, as shown in Figure 3 , the steel frames 5 located in different ring directions are arranged staggered along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

[0045] In this embodiment, fiber materials are added to the steel concrete, including carbon fibers, polypropylene fibers and steel fibers. The strength grade of the steel concrete is not less than C30, the maximum aggregate diameter of the steel concrete is not greater than 25 mm, and the thickness of the protective layer formed by the steel concrete on the inner side of the steel frame 5 is not less than 100 mm.

[0046] Taking the two-step method as an example, the tunnel construction process using the steel concrete tunnel support structure is as follows: upper step excavation → upper step initial support (anchor, net, spray), brushing waterproof coating 4 and erecting steel frame 5 → lower step excavation → lower step initial support, brushing waterproof coating 4 and erecting steel frame 5 → inverted arch excavation → inverted arch initial support and erecting steel frame 5 → pouring inverted arch steel concrete → pouring arch wall steel concrete.

[0047] Example two

[0048] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but the difference is that, as shown in Figures 6-8 The two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 are connected with the flange plates of the steel frame 5 through the steel sleeves 6 welded on the flange plates. The steel sleeves 6 are welded on the flange plates of the steel frame 5 in advance or on site, and the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 connects two adjacent steel frames 5 into a whole through the steel sleeves 6, thereby improving the structural strength.

[0049] Specifically, as shown in Figure 7 The steel sleeves 6 extend along the vertical direction of the tunnel, as shown in Figure 9 The two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 are provided with the connecting sections 71 arranged vertically, and the connecting sections 71 are inserted into the steel sleeves 6 arranged correspondingly.

[0050] Embodiment three

[0051] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment, but the difference is that, as shown in Figure 10 The longitudinal main reinforcement 7 is located on the inner side of the steel frame 5, the two ends of the longitudinal main reinforcement 7 are connected with the flange plates on the inner side of the steel frame 5, and the outer side of the steel frame 5 is provided with the steel plate 8 connected with the flange plates on the outer side of the steel frame 5.

[0052] When the tunnel is in a poor surrounding rock condition or a deformation sensitive section, in order to strengthen the rigidity of the primary support, not only the steel frame 5 is used as the primary support, but also the steel plate 8 is arranged on the side of the steel frame 5 close to the surrounding rock, and the steel plate 8 and the steel frame 5 can be connected by welding.

[0053] The steel plate 8 is a hot-rolled steel plate 8, and the thickness should be greater than 6 mm. In addition, the steel plate 8 should be divided into blocks along the longitudinal and circumferential directions of the tunnel contour according to the construction needs, and then be processed and transported to the site.

[0054] Embodiment four

[0055] The structural principle of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, but the difference is that the primary support includes the anchor rod 1 and the fiber shotcrete 3, and the fiber shotcrete 3 is the shotcrete 3 with fiber materials added. The fiber materials mainly include carbon fiber, polypropylene fiber and steel fiber, etc.

[0056] The specific embodiments described in the present document are only illustrative of the spirit of the present application. Those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or replace them with similar ways, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel support structure of steel reinforced concrete, characterized by, The primary support, the secondary lining and the waterproof coating (4) between the primary support and the secondary lining, the secondary lining comprises the steel frame (5) and the steel concrete, the steel frame (5) can be used as the primary support during excavation, and two steel frames (5) arranged along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel are connected by the connecting assembly; the connecting assembly comprises a plurality of longitudinal main bars (7) extending along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the longitudinal main bars (7) are arranged along the ring direction of the steel frame (5) in sequence, and the two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) are connected with different steel frames (5) respectively.

2. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1, wherein The longitudinal main bars (7) comprise the longitudinal main bars (7) outside the steel frame (5) and the longitudinal main bars (7) inside the steel frame (5), the two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) outside the steel frame (5) are connected with the flange plates outside the steel frame (5), and the two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) inside the steel frame (5) are connected with the flange plates inside the steel frame (5).

3. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1, wherein The longitudinal main bars (7) are arranged inside the steel frame (5), and the two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) are connected with the flange plates inside the steel frame (5); the outer side of the steel frame (5) is provided with a steel plate (8) connected with the flange plates outside the steel frame (5).

4. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein The steel frames (5) arranged along different ring directions are staggered along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

5. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein The two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) are connected with the flange plates of the steel frame (5) through the steel sleeves (6) welded on the flange plates.

6. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 5, wherein The steel sleeves (6) extend along the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and the two ends of the longitudinal main bars (7) have the connecting sections (71) arranged perpendicularly, and the connecting sections (71) are inserted into the steel sleeves (6) arranged correspondingly.

7. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1, wherein The primary support comprises the anchor rod (1), the steel mesh (2) and the sprayed concrete (3).

8. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1, wherein The primary support comprises the anchor rod (1) and the fiber sprayed concrete (3).

9. The reinforced concrete tunnel support structure according to claim 1, wherein The steel concrete is added with the fiber material.

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