Active cholesterol liquid crystal display module and active cholesterol liquid crystal display device

Abstract

According to the active cholesterol liquid crystal display device and module, a data electrode layer and a scanning electrode layer respectively comprise M data electrode wires and N scanning electrode wires, and the projections of the M data electrode wires and the N scanning electrode wires are perpendicular to each other to form M * N projection intersection points. The TFT element layer includes M * N TFT elements, a source electrode of each TFT element being connected to the data electrode line, and a gate electrode of each TFT element being connected to the scanning electrode line. The common ground electrode layer comprises N common ground electrode wires. The cholesterol liquid crystal layer comprises M * N liquid crystal pixel areas, one end of each liquid crystal pixel area is connected with a common ground electrode wire, and the other end of each liquid crystal pixel area is connected with a drain electrode of the TFT element. The scanning driving IC applies scanning voltage Vscan to the scanning electrode lines, the data driving IC applies data voltage Vdata to the data electrode lines, the common-ground driving IC applies common-ground voltage Vcom to the common-ground electrode lines, when the scanning electrode lines corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel areas are switched on, the common-ground electrode lines and the data electrode lines are switched on at the same time, and the common-ground electrode lines and the data electrode lines are switched on at the same time. And the voltage polarity of the common ground voltage Vcom is opposite to the voltage polarity of the data voltage Vdata.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology, and particularly to cholesteric liquid crystal modules and display technology. Background Technology

[0002] Cholesterol liquid crystal is one of the main technologies used in e-book displays. Due to the bistable display characteristic of its liquid crystal molecules, it offers excellent power savings. The bistable characteristic of cholesterol liquid crystal molecules means that they exist in two stable states: a planar state and a focal-conic state. In the planar state, the liquid crystals are neatly aligned and can reflect light of a specific wavelength; this is usually called the bright state. In the focal-conic state, the liquid crystals are randomly aligned, and incident light is either transmitted or scattered, with very little reflection; this is usually called the dark state. Power is only required when switching between states (from planar to focal-conic, or vice versa). When the screen is still, almost no power is used, resulting in excellent power savings.

[0003] When cholesterol liquid crystal molecules undergo state transitions, a transition voltage needs to be applied via a driver IC. Depending on the driving method, these can be categorized into passive and active driving. Passive cholesterol liquid crystal display modules use a passive matrix driving method, without a separate switching control element for each pixel. Instead, they control the pixels through a matrix formed by the intersection of row and column electrodes. At the intersections of rows and columns, the voltage is changed to control the state of the liquid crystal molecules, similar to a group of pixels sharing a single command system. Active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules employ active matrix driving technology, where each cholesterol liquid crystal pixel is equipped with an independent switching element for control. This switching element allows for precise control of the state of the cholesterol liquid crystal molecules in each pixel, enabling rapid and accurate updates to the displayed content, as if each pixel has its own dedicated commander issuing commands.

[0004] In terms of response speed, passive cholesteric liquid crystals require scanning the entire row and column matrix to control pixels during driving, resulting in relatively slow signal transmission and a slower response speed of the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules. This can easily lead to ghosting and blurring when displaying dynamic images. Active cholesteric liquid crystals, on the other hand, allow each pixel to be controlled independently, resulting in faster signal transmission and response speeds. They can quickly switch the state of the cholesteric liquid crystal molecules, leading to faster image updates and less noticeable ghosting when displaying dynamic images. For example, when displaying fast-moving videos or animations, each frame can be clearly presented.

[0005] In terms of display quality, passive cholesteric liquid crystal displays (LCCs) are relatively inferior in contrast, color performance, and grayscale levels due to limitations in their driving method. This can result in less vibrant colors, weak image detail, and generally lower display quality. Active cholesteric liquid crystal displays (ACCs), on the other hand, can precisely control the brightness and color of each pixel, achieving higher contrast, richer color reproduction, and finer grayscale levels. This makes images appear more vivid, realistic, and with natural color transitions.

[0006] In terms of cost, passive cholesteric liquid crystals have a relatively simple manufacturing process, as they do not require complex control components for each pixel, resulting in lower costs. Active cholesteric liquid crystals, on the other hand, have a complex manufacturing process, requiring the integration of switching elements at each pixel location and demanding high precision, thus leading to higher manufacturing costs.

[0007] In terms of power consumption, passive cholesteric liquid crystals have bistable characteristics, meaning they can maintain the display state without continuous power supply when the image is static, consuming almost no power. Therefore, their power consumption is very low when displaying static content. Active cholesteric liquid crystals, on the other hand, consume some power when displaying static images because the switching elements of each pixel need to maintain a certain voltage state to sustain the display.

[0008] Regarding prior art for active-matrix liquid crystal displays, patent TW202142938A discloses a driving module for an active-matrix driven liquid crystal display device. This driving module includes a gate driving circuit, a source driving circuit, and a timing controller. The gate driving circuit generates a plurality of gate driving signals; the source driving circuit generates a plurality of data driving signals; and the timing controller controls the plurality of gate driving signals and the plurality of data driving signals, such that in the active-matrix driven liquid crystal display device, a plurality of liquid crystal pixels are first driven by a reset voltage to achieve a stable unidirectional alignment state, and then each is driven by a plurality of corresponding determining voltages to achieve a stable planar state or focal cone state.

[0009] In the prior art, patent CN113971941A discloses a driving module for an active matrix driven cholesteric liquid crystal display device. This driving module includes a gate driving circuit for generating a plurality of gate driving signals; a source driving circuit for generating a plurality of data driving signals; and a timing controller for controlling the plurality of gate driving signals and the plurality of data driving signals, and modulating the array common voltage at the terminals of a storage capacitor to generate a boost voltage at the other terminal of the storage capacitor via capacitive coupling. The pixel voltage is used to drive a cholesteric liquid crystal pixel among a plurality of cholesteric liquid crystal pixels, and the pixel voltage is the sum of the driving voltage of the corresponding driving signal among the plurality of data driving signals and the boost voltage.

[0010] When updating pixel images in a cholesteric liquid crystal display (LCD) using active driving, whether using PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) or DDS (Dynamic Drive Scheme), a specific transition voltage must be applied through switching elements to first reset the liquid crystal state at the original pixel location, causing the cholesteric liquid crystal to present a transmissive state. Then, an appropriate transition voltage is applied through switching elements to cause the cholesteric liquid crystal to present a reflective state with the desired grayscale image. Because the transition voltage required to reset the liquid crystal state is quite high, a specialized LCD driver IC is needed to provide a sufficiently high transition voltage. Such specialized LCD driver ICs are extremely expensive to manufacture, costing several times more than general LCD driver ICs. As the pixel count and size of the display device increase, more driver ICs are required, leading to even more staggering manufacturing costs, which hinders the widespread application of the technology. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the high-voltage driving IC issue in existing active-matrix liquid crystal displays, the primary objective of this application is to propose an active-matrix liquid crystal display module. By applying a common-ground voltage to the common-ground electrode, the data voltage required for the transition state of the liquid crystal can be reduced. Therefore, the active-matrix driving requirement can be achieved without using a specialized liquid crystal driver IC. This significantly reduces the component costs required for manufacturing.

[0012] To achieve the purpose of this application, a first preferred embodiment of this application proposes an active-matrix liquid crystal display module, including a liquid crystal driving unit, a TFT element layer, a first substrate, a second substrate, and a scan electrode layer, a data electrode layer, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and a common electrode layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The data electrode layer is close to the first substrate and includes M parallel data electrode lines, where M is an integer greater than one. The scan electrode layer is also close to the first substrate and includes N parallel scan electrode lines, where N is an integer greater than one. The horizontal projections of the scan electrode lines and the data electrode lines are perpendicular to each other, thereby forming M*N projection intersection points.

[0013] The TFT element layer, located near the first substrate, comprises M*N TFT elements used as switching elements. Each TFT element corresponds to a projection intersection point. The source electrode of each TFT element is connected to the data electrode line corresponding to the vertical intersection point, and its gate electrode is connected to the scan electrode line corresponding to the projection intersection point. The common ground electrode layer, located near the second substrate, comprises N common ground electrode lines parallel to the N scan electrode lines.

[0014] The cholesterol liquid crystal layer is disposed between the common ground electrode layer and the TFT element layer, including M*N liquid crystal pixel areas. Each liquid crystal pixel area corresponds to a projection intersection point, and one end of each liquid crystal pixel area is connected to a common ground electrode line, and the other end is connected to the drain electrode of a TFT element.

[0015] The liquid crystal driving unit includes at least one scan driving IC, at least one data driving IC, and at least one common ground driving IC. The scan driving IC applies a scan voltage Vscan to each scan electrode line, the data driving IC applies a data voltage Vdata to each data electrode line, and the common ground driving IC applies a common ground voltage Vcom to each common ground electrode line. When the liquid crystal driving unit turns on the scan electrode line corresponding to a liquid crystal pixel area, the common ground electrode line connected to the liquid crystal pixel area and the data electrode line are simultaneously turned on, and the voltage polarity of the common ground voltage Vcom is opposite to that of the data voltage Vdata. Thus, the data voltage Vdata and the common ground voltage Vcom together form a cholesteric liquid crystal transition voltage.

[0016] In existing technologies, the common ground electrode line is not voltage-approved and is only used for grounding. Therefore, during the transition of cholesteric liquid crystal, the data electrode line must provide the entire high voltage required for the liquid crystal transition, thus requiring a specially designed driver IC. This embodiment applies a common ground voltage Vcom with opposite polarity to the data voltage Vdata to the common ground electrode line. The common ground voltage Vcom and the data voltage Vdata together form the cholesteric liquid crystal transition voltage. Both the common ground electrode line and the data electrode line can be driven using a general-purpose driver IC, eliminating the need for a specially designed driver IC and effectively reducing component costs.

[0017] Based on the same technical concept, this application further proposes a second preferred embodiment, which is an active-matrix liquid crystal display device for providing monochrome image display. It includes an active-matrix liquid crystal display module as described in the first preferred embodiment, a control module, and a power module that provides power to the control module. The control module is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module, providing the necessary control for the scan driver IC, data driver IC, and ground driver IC.

[0018] Based on the same technical concept, this application further proposes a third preferred embodiment, which is an active-matrix liquid crystal display device for providing multi-color or segmented image display. It includes multiple active-matrix liquid crystal display modules as described in the first preferred embodiment, a control module, and a power module that provides power to the control module. The control module is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit of each active-matrix liquid crystal display module, providing the necessary control for the scan driver IC, data driver IC, and common ground driver IC.

[0019] In the second and third embodiments, a common ground voltage Vcom with opposite polarity to the data voltage Vdata is applied to the common ground electrode line. The common ground voltage Vcom and the data voltage Vdata together form the cholesterol liquid crystal transition voltage. Both the common ground electrode line and the data electrode line only need to be driven by a general driver IC, without the need for a special driver IC, which can effectively reduce the cost of components.

[0020] The advantages and spirit of this application can be further understood through the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The provided drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solutions of this application. They constitute a part of the specification, illustrating the implementation methods of this application and, together with the text description, explaining the principles of this application. Obviously, the provided drawings are not, and need not, drawn according to actual dimensions; they are used to explain the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without creative effort. The provided drawings include:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an active cholesterol liquid crystal display module, which is the first preferred embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figures 2A to 2C This is a circuit diagram of an active cholesterol liquid crystal display module, which is the first preferred embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of existing technology using a PWM-driven active cholesterol liquid crystal display module;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a voltage timing diagram of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module driven by PWM in this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present application, namely an active cholesterol liquid crystal display device;

[0027] Figure 6A and Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present application, namely an active cholesterol liquid crystal display device.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 10: Active cholesterol liquid crystal display module

[0030] 170: TFT element layer

[0031] 171: TFT element

[0032] 110: First substrate

[0033] 150: Second substrate

[0034] 120: Scanning electrode layer

[0035] 121: Scanning electrode line

[0036] 140: Data Electrode Layer

[0037] 141: Data electrode line

[0038] 130: Cholesterol liquid crystal layer

[0039] 131: Liquid crystal pixel area

[0040] 180: Common ground electrode layer

[0041] 181: Common ground electrode line

[0042] 160: LCD driving unit

[0043] 161: Scan driver IC

[0044] 162: Data-driven IC

[0045] 163: Common Ground Driver IC

[0046] Vscan: Scan voltage

[0047] Vdata: Data voltage

[0048] Vcom: Common ground voltage

[0049] 1, 3: Active cholesterol liquid crystal display device

[0050] 50: Control Module

[0051] 60: Power Module

[0052] 101: First Active Cholesterol Liquid Crystal Module

[0053] 102: Second active-matrix liquid crystal module

[0054] 103: Third Active Cholesterol Liquid Crystal Module

[0055] 901: First Partial Transparent Layer

[0056] 902: Second Partial Transparent Layer

[0057] 903: Third Partial Transparent Layer

[0058] 909: Partially translucent layer

[0059] T1: Time to reset the liquid crystal state when the data voltage is applied.

[0060] T2: Liquid crystal response time

[0061] T3: Time required for the liquid crystal to transition to a specified reflectivity when a data voltage is applied.

[0062] T4: Liquid crystal response time Detailed Implementation

[0063] The specific structural and functional details disclosed in the description of this application are merely representative and are intended to describe exemplary embodiments of this application. This application may be implemented in many alternative forms and should not be construed as being limited solely to the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0064] It should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used in the description of this application, indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the diagrams, are used solely for the purpose of describing this application, unless the applicant specifically emphasizes and limits their function. They do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as relative importance or the number of implicit technical features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Additionally, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean "at least including."

[0065] It should also be understood that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" used in the description of this application should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms “an” and “an item” used in this application description are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” specify the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, units and / or components, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, units, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0067] First preferred embodiment

[0068] The first preferred embodiment proposed in this application is an active cholesterol liquid crystal display module 10, please see... Figure 1 It includes a liquid crystal driving unit 160, a TFT element layer 170, a first substrate 110, a second substrate 150, and a scan electrode layer 120, a data electrode layer 140, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 130, and a common ground electrode layer 180 disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 150. The data electrode layer 140 and the scan electrode layer 120 are both close to the first substrate 110, and the common ground electrode layer 180 is close to the second substrate 150.

[0069] Please see Figure 2A and Figure 2B The data electrode layer 140 includes M parallel data electrode lines 141, and the scan electrode layer 120 includes N parallel scan electrode lines 121, where M and N are both integers greater than one. The horizontal projections of the scan electrode lines 121 and the data electrode lines 141 are perpendicular to each other, thereby forming M*N projection intersection points. The common ground electrode layer 180 includes N common ground electrode lines 181, which are parallel to the N scan electrode lines 121. Therefore, the horizontal projections of the common ground electrode lines 181 and the data electrode lines 141 are also perpendicular to each other, also forming M*N projection intersection points. Taking a screen with a resolution of 1024*768 as an example, in this case, M=1024, N=768, there are 1024 data electrode lines 141, 768 scan electrode lines 121, and 768 common ground electrode lines 181.

[0070] Please see Figure 1 The TFT element layer 170 is also close to the first substrate 110. Please see... Figures 2A to 2C The TFT element layer 170 includes M*N TFT elements 171, which function as switching elements in this application. Each TFT element 171 corresponds to a projection intersection point of a scan electrode line 121 and a data electrode line 141, and also corresponds to a projection intersection point of a common ground electrode line 181 and a data electrode line 141. For each TFT element 171, its source electrode is connected to the data electrode line 141 corresponding to the vertical intersection point, and its gate electrode is connected to the scan electrode line 121 corresponding to the projection intersection point.

[0071] Please see Figure 1 The cholesterol liquid crystal layer 130 is disposed between the common ground electrode layer 180 and the TFT element layer 170. See below. Figure 2A and Figure 2B The cholesterol liquid crystal layer 130 includes M*N liquid crystal pixel areas 131, each liquid crystal pixel area 131 corresponds to a projection intersection point, and one end of each liquid crystal pixel area 131 is connected to a common ground electrode line 181, and the other end is connected to the drain electrode of a TFT element 171.

[0072] Please see Figure 2B The liquid crystal driving unit 160 includes at least one scan driving IC 161, at least one data driving IC 162, and at least one ground driving IC 163. The scan driving IC 161 applies a scan voltage Vscan to each scan electrode line 121, the data driving IC 162 applies a data voltage Vdata to each data electrode line 141, and the ground driving IC 163 applies a ground voltage Vcom to each ground electrode line 181. The number of scan driving ICs 161, 162, and 163 is mainly determined by the size and pixel count of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10. When the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is small and has few pixels, a smaller number of scan driving ICs 161, 162, and 163 can be used; when the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is large and has many pixels, a larger number of scan driving ICs 161, 162, and 163 must be used.

[0073] Please refer to this application. Figure 2C When a certain liquid crystal pixel area 131 needs to refresh the screen, the liquid crystal driving unit 160 turns on the scanning electrode line 121 corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel area 131, and the scanning electrode line 121 outputs a scanning voltage Vscan; then the common ground electrode line 181 and the data electrode line 141 connected to the liquid crystal pixel area 131 are turned on at the same time, and the common ground voltage Vcom and the data voltage Vdata are output to the liquid crystal pixel area respectively, and the voltage polarity of the common ground voltage Vcom is opposite to that of the data voltage Vdata. In this way, the data voltage Vdata and the common ground voltage Vcom together form a cholesterol liquid crystal transition voltage Vlc.

[0074] Ideally, the data voltage Vdata should be between 0V and ±20V, and the ground voltage Vcom should be between 0V and ±25V. That is, if the data voltage Vdata is between 0V and +20V, the ground voltage Vcom should be between 0V and -25V. Conversely, if the data voltage Vdata is between 0V and -20V, the ground voltage Vcom should be between 0V and +25V. This combination results in a liquid crystal switching voltage Vlc that can reach ±45V, and this can be achieved without a specialized driver IC.

[0075] The following voltage timing diagram further illustrates the features of this application's technical solution compared to the prior art. Please see... Figure 4 and Figure 3 .

[0076] Figure 3This is a voltage timing diagram of a PWM-driven active-matrix liquid crystal display module in existing technology. T1 is the time for the liquid crystal to switch states and reset after applying a data voltage, T2 is the liquid crystal's own reaction time, and T3 is the time for the liquid crystal to switch to a specified reflectivity after applying a data voltage. When refreshing the image of a certain liquid crystal pixel area 11, the scan electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 11 is turned on, outputting a scan voltage Vscan1. Then, the data electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 11 is turned on. During T1, a data voltage Vdata1 is applied to liquid crystal pixel area 11 in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern to reset the image of liquid crystal pixel area 11. Then, during T3, the data electrode line again applies the data voltage Vdata1 required for the new image to liquid crystal pixel area 11 in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern, accurately writing the grayscale data of the new image into the liquid crystal. Afterwards, the scan electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 11 outputs a negative polarity cutoff voltage to turn off liquid crystal pixel area 11, waiting for liquid crystal pixel area 11 to react and form a new grayscale image. Then, the image of liquid crystal pixel area 21 is refreshed. At this time, the scan electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 21 is turned on, outputting a scan voltage Vscan1. Then, the data electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 21 is turned on. During period T1, a data voltage Vdata2 is applied to liquid crystal pixel area 21 in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern, resetting the image of liquid crystal pixel area 21. Then, during period T3, the data electrode line again applies the data voltage Vdata2 required for the new image to liquid crystal pixel area 21 in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern, accurately writing the grayscale data of the new image into the liquid crystal. Afterwards, the scan electrode line corresponding to liquid crystal pixel area 21 outputs a negative polarity cutoff voltage to turn off liquid crystal pixel area 21, waiting for liquid crystal pixel area 21 to react and form a new grayscale image. Then, the image is refreshed for other liquid crystal pixel areas.

[0077] exist Figure 3 In the process, whether it is liquid crystal pixel area 11 or liquid crystal pixel area 21, the screen refresh voltage Vlc11 and Vlc21 are provided by the data voltage Vdata1 and Vdata2 output by the data electrode line. The reset voltage required during T1 is very high, so a special data driver IC is required to provide sufficient reset voltage.

[0078] Please see Figure 4 and refer to Figure 2CThis is a voltage timing diagram of the technical solution of this application using PWM to drive an active cholesterol liquid crystal display module. T1 is the time for the liquid crystal to switch states and reset when the data voltage is applied, T2 is the liquid crystal's own reaction time, T3 is the time for the liquid crystal to switch states to a specified reflectivity when the data voltage is applied, and T4 is the liquid crystal's own reaction time. When the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) are simultaneously refreshed, the scanning electrode line 121(1) corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel area 131(11) is turned on, outputting a scanning voltage Vscan1. Then, during T1, the data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) are turned on, applying data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) respectively in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern; simultaneously, the liquid crystal pixel area 131(11)... 1) The common ground electrode line 181(1) corresponding to 131(21) is also turned on, and a common ground voltage Vcom1 with opposite voltage polarity is applied to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) in a pulse pattern with alternating positive and negative voltages; the data voltage Vdata1 and the common ground voltage Vcom1 are combined to form the screen refresh voltage Vlc11, which resets the screen of the liquid crystal pixel area 131(11); at the same time, the data voltage Vdata2 and the common ground voltage Vcom1 are combined to form the screen refresh voltage Vlc21, which resets the screen of the liquid crystal pixel area 131(21).

[0079] During T2, data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) do not output data voltage, and common ground electrode line 181(1) does not output common ground voltage. Then during T3, data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) apply appropriate data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 to liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern. At the same time, common ground electrode line 181(1) also applies a common ground voltage Vcom1 with opposite polarity to liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern. The data voltage Vdata1 and the common ground voltage Vcom1 combine to form the screen refresh voltage Vlc11, which accurately writes the grayscale data of the new screen to liquid crystal pixel area 131(11). At the same time, the data voltage Vdata2 and the common ground voltage Vcom1 combine to form the screen refresh voltage Vlc21, which accurately writes the grayscale data of the new screen to liquid crystal pixel area 131(21).

[0080] Finally, during T4, the scanning electrode line 121(1) outputs a negative polarity cutoff voltage to turn off the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21), and then waits for the liquid crystal reaction of the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(11) and 131(21) to complete the corresponding grayscale new image, so as to complete the image update.

[0081] Next, the screen of the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) is refreshed. At this time, the scanning electrode line 121(2) corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) is turned on, and the scanning voltage Vscan2 is output. Then, during T1, the data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) are turned on, and the data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 are applied to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern. At the same time, the common ground electrode line 181(2) corresponding to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) is also turned on, and the common ground voltage Vcom2 with opposite voltage polarity is applied to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern. After the data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 are combined with the common ground voltage Vcom2, they form the screen refresh voltages Vlc12 and Vlc22 respectively, which reset the screen of the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22). Then during T3, the data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) apply appropriate data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern; at the same time, the common ground electrode line 181(2) also applies a common ground voltage Vcom2 with opposite polarity to the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) in an alternating positive and negative pulse pattern; the data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 and the common ground voltage Vcom2 combine to form the screen refresh voltages Vlc12 and Vlc22 respectively, accurately writing the grayscale data of the new screen into the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22). Finally, during T4, the scanning electrode line 121(2) outputs a negative polarity cutoff voltage to turn off the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22), and then waits for the liquid crystal reaction of the liquid crystal pixel areas 131(12) and 131(22) to complete the corresponding grayscale new image, so as to complete the image update.

[0082] exist Figure 4 In this system, the screen refresh voltages Vlc11, Vlc21, Vlc12, and Vlc22 for any liquid crystal pixel area 131(11), 131(21), 131(12), or 131(22) are composed of the data voltages Vdata1 and Vdata2 output from the data electrode lines 141(1) and 141(2) and the common ground voltages Vcom1 and Vcom2 output from the common ground electrode lines 181(1) and 181(2), which have opposite polarities. Neither the data driver IC nor the common ground driver IC needs to provide high voltage; a general driver IC can provide sufficient screen refresh voltage.

[0083] The technical solution and principle of this application can also be applied to active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules driven by DDS, and will not be elaborated here.

[0084] Second preferred embodiment

[0085] Please see Figure 5 This application further proposes a second preferred embodiment, which is an active-matrix liquid crystal display device 1 for providing monochrome image display. It includes an active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10, a control module 50, and a power module 60 that provides power to the control module 50. The control module 50 is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit 160 of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10, and controls the scan driving IC 161, the data driving IC 162, and the ground driving IC 163. The features of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 are as described in the previous first preferred embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0086] Third preferred embodiment

[0087] Please see Figure 6A This application further proposes a third preferred embodiment, which is an active-matrix liquid crystal display device 3 for providing multicolor or segmented image display. It includes multiple active-matrix liquid crystal display modules 10, a control module 50, and a power module 60 that provides power to the control module 50. The control module 50 is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit 160 of each active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10, and controls the scan driving IC 161, the data driving IC 162, and the ground driving IC 163. The features of the active-matrix liquid crystal display modules 10 are as described in the previous first preferred embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0088] In this embodiment, the number of active-matrix liquid crystal display modules 10 is at least two, and they can be arranged horizontally as follows: Figure 6A As shown, the screen can also be arranged horizontally and vertically, or even in a horizontal matrix, such as 3x3, 4x4, 5x5, etc., to form a large screen similar to a video wall. The display image is cut and combined by the control module 50. When the entire screen needs to be refreshed, each active cholesteric liquid crystal display module 10 refreshes synchronously, significantly improving the refresh rate of the entire large screen.

[0089] In one embodiment, the active-matrix liquid crystal display device of this embodiment further includes a plurality of local light-transmitting layers 909, the number of which corresponds to the number of active-matrix liquid crystal display modules 10. Each local light-transmitting layer 909 is respectively disposed above each active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10, such as... Figure 1As shown, this is the light-incident surface of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10, which is used to absorb incident light of a set frequency, higher than the frequency of the reflected light of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10. This improves the screen contrast and display quality of the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10.

[0090] Specifically, if the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is used to display blue images, meaning the liquid crystal reflects blue light, then the local light-transmitting layer 909 is used to absorb spectra with frequencies higher than blue light, such as ultraviolet light. When the spectrum incident on the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is relatively pure, the contrast of the blue light reflected by the liquid crystal will be better. Similarly, if the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is used to display green images, meaning the liquid crystal reflects green light, then the local light-transmitting layer 909 is used to absorb spectra with frequencies higher than green light, such as ultraviolet light and blue light. If the active-matrix liquid crystal display module 10 is used to display red images, meaning the liquid crystal reflects red light, then the local light-transmitting layer 909 is used to absorb spectra with frequencies higher than red light, such as ultraviolet light, blue light, and green light.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of active-matrix liquid crystal display modules 10 can be arranged vertically, such as... Figure 6B As shown, the device includes a first active-matrix liquid crystal module 101, a second active-matrix liquid crystal module 102, and a third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103, arranged vertically from bottom to top. When the first active-matrix liquid crystal module 101 displays a red image, the second active-matrix liquid crystal module 102 displays a green image, and the third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103 displays a blue image, the active-matrix liquid crystal display device 3 can provide a full-color image display.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 6B As shown, the active-matrix liquid crystal display device 3 further includes a first partial light-transmitting layer 901, a second partial light-transmitting layer 902, and a third partial light-transmitting layer 903. The first partial light-transmitting layer 901 is disposed between the first active-matrix liquid crystal module 101 and the second active-matrix liquid crystal module 102, and is used to absorb incident light with a frequency higher than a first set frequency. The second partial light-transmitting layer 902 is disposed between the second active-matrix liquid crystal module 102 and the third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103, and is used to absorb incident light with a frequency higher than a second set frequency, where the second set frequency is higher than the first set frequency. The third partial light-transmitting layer 903 is disposed above the third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103, and is used to absorb incident light with a frequency higher than a third set frequency, where the third set frequency is higher than the second set frequency. This improves the screen contrast and display quality of the active-matrix liquid crystal display device 3.

[0093] In one specific embodiment, the first active-matrix liquid crystal module 101 reflects red light, the second active-matrix liquid crystal module 102 reflects green light, and the third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103 reflects blue light. The first set frequency is 480 MHz to 530 MHz, which is the spectral band of green light; the second set frequency is 600 MHz to 620 MHz, which is the spectral band of blue light; and the third set frequency is 780 MHz to 800 MHz, which is the spectral band of ultraviolet light. When external light enters the active-matrix liquid crystal display device 3, the ultraviolet light is first absorbed by the third partial light-transmitting layer 903, and the remaining visible light enters the third active-matrix liquid crystal module 103. Because cholesteric liquid crystals exhibit photorotation, blue light with a specific photorotation property (e.g., left-handed) is first reflected by the third active cholesteric liquid crystal module 103. The remaining blue light with a photorotation property (e.g., right-handed) passes through the third active cholesteric liquid crystal module 103 and is absorbed by the second partial light-transmitting layer 902. Therefore, the visible light subsequently incident on the second active cholesteric liquid crystal module 102 contains no blue light. Similarly, green light with a specific photorotation property (e.g., left-handed) is first reflected by the second active cholesteric liquid crystal module 102. The remaining green light with a photorotation property (e.g., right-handed) passes through the second active cholesteric liquid crystal module 102 and is absorbed by the first partial light-transmitting layer 901. Therefore, the visible light subsequently incident on the first active cholesteric liquid crystal module 101 contains neither blue nor green light, only red light. Through the action of the first partial light-transmitting layer 901, the second partial light-transmitting layer 902 and the third partial light-transmitting layer 903, the display contrast of the first active cholesteric liquid crystal module 101, the second active cholesteric liquid crystal module 102 and the third active cholesteric liquid crystal module 103 can be effectively improved, and the overall display quality of the active cholesteric liquid crystal display device 3 can be significantly improved.

[0094] The advantages of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module 10, active cholesterol liquid crystal display device 1, and active cholesterol liquid crystal display device 3 proposed in this application are as follows:

[0095] Because a common-ground driver IC is used, when the liquid crystal driving unit wants to refresh the image of a liquid crystal pixel area, the scan electrode line corresponding to that liquid crystal pixel area is turned on. The common-ground electrode line and the data electrode line connected to that liquid crystal pixel area are simultaneously turned on, outputting a common-ground voltage Vcom and a data voltage Vdata to the liquid crystal pixel area, respectively. The polarity of the common-ground voltage Vcom is opposite to that of the data voltage Vdata. Thus, the data voltage Vdata and the common-ground voltage Vcom together form a cholesteric liquid crystal transition voltage. Therefore, only a general-purpose driver IC is needed for both the common-ground and data voltages, eliminating the need for a specialized driver IC and effectively reducing component costs.

[0096] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments above is intended to more clearly describe the features and spirit of this application, and is not intended to limit the scope of this application with the preferred embodiments disclosed above. On the contrary, its purpose is to cover various equivalent changes within the scope of the claims to which this application is intended.

Claims

1. An active-matrix liquid crystal display module (10), comprising a liquid crystal driving unit (160), a TFT element layer (170), a first substrate (110), a second substrate (150), and a scan electrode layer (120), a data electrode layer (140), a cholesteric liquid crystal layer (130), and a common ground electrode layer (180) disposed between the first substrate (110) and the second substrate (150); characterized in that: The data electrode layer (140) is close to the first substrate (110) and includes M parallel data electrode lines (141), where M is an integer greater than one. The scanning electrode layer (120) is also close to the first substrate (110) and includes N parallel scanning electrode lines (121), where N is an integer greater than one. The horizontal projections of the scanning electrode lines (121) and the data electrode lines (141) are perpendicular to each other, thereby forming M*N projection intersection points. The TFT element layer (170) is also close to the first substrate (110) and includes M*N TFT elements (171). Each TFT element (171) corresponds to a projection intersection point. The source electrode of each TFT element (171) is connected to the data electrode line (141) corresponding to the vertical intersection point, and its gate electrode is connected to the scan electrode line (121) corresponding to the projection intersection point. The common ground electrode layer (180) is close to the second substrate (150) and includes N common ground electrode lines (181) that are parallel to the N scan electrode lines (121). The cholesterol liquid crystal layer (130) is disposed between the common ground electrode layer (180) and the TFT element layer (170), and includes M*N liquid crystal pixel areas (131). Each liquid crystal pixel area (131) corresponds to a projection intersection point, and one end of each liquid crystal pixel area (131) is connected to a common ground electrode line (181), and the other end is connected to the drain electrode of a TFT element (171). The liquid crystal driving unit (160) includes at least one scan driving IC (161), at least one data driving IC (162), and at least one common ground driving IC (163). The scan driving IC (161) is used to apply a scan voltage (Vscan) to each of the scan electrode lines (121), the data driving IC (162) is used to apply a data voltage (Vdata) to each of the data electrode lines (141), and the common ground driving IC (163) is used to apply a common ground voltage (Vcom) to each of the common ground electrode lines (141). The ground electrode line (181) is connected, and when the liquid crystal driving unit (160) turns on the scan electrode line (121) corresponding to a liquid crystal pixel area (131), the common ground electrode line (181) connected to the liquid crystal pixel area (131) and the data electrode line (141) are simultaneously turned on, and the voltage polarity of the common ground voltage (Vcom) is opposite to that of the data voltage (Vdata). Thus, the data voltage (Vdata) and the common ground voltage (Vcom) together form a cholesterol liquid crystal transition voltage.

2. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data voltage (Vdata) is between 0V and ±20V.

3. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The common ground voltage (Vcom) is between 0V and ±25V.

4. An active cholesterol liquid crystal display device, comprising an active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10), a control module (50), and a power module (60) for supplying power to the control module (50); characterized in that: The active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) is the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the control module (50) is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit (160) of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10).

5. An active cholesterol liquid crystal display device, comprising a plurality of active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules (10), a control module (50), and a power module (60) for supplying power to the control module (50); characterized in that: The active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) is the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the control module (50) is further connected to the liquid crystal driving unit (160) of each of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules (10).

6. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of active-matrix liquid crystal display modules (10) include a first active-matrix liquid crystal module (101), a second active-matrix liquid crystal module (102) and a third active-matrix liquid crystal module (103) arranged vertically from bottom to top; The active-matrix liquid crystal display device further includes a first partial light-transmitting layer (901), a second partial light-transmitting layer (902), and a third partial light-transmitting layer (903); the first partial light-transmitting layer (901) is disposed between the first active-matrix liquid crystal module (101) and the second active-matrix liquid crystal module (102) for absorbing incident light with a frequency higher than a first set frequency; the second partial light-transmitting layer (902) is disposed between the second active-matrix liquid crystal module (102) and the third active-matrix liquid crystal module (103) for absorbing incident light with a frequency higher than a second set frequency, wherein the second set frequency is higher than the first set frequency; the third partial light-transmitting layer (903) is disposed above the third active-matrix liquid crystal module (103) for absorbing incident light with a frequency higher than a third set frequency, wherein the third set frequency is higher than the second set frequency.

7. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first active-matrix liquid crystal module (101) is used to reflect red light, the second active-matrix liquid crystal module (102) is used to reflect green light, and the third active-matrix liquid crystal module (103) is used to reflect blue light.

8. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first set frequency is 480 MHz to 530 MHz, the second set frequency is 600 MHz to 620 MHz, and the third set frequency is 780 MHz to 800 MHz.

9. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules (10) are arranged horizontally.

10. The active cholesterol liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes multiple local light-transmitting layers (909), which are respectively disposed above each of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display modules (10) for absorbing incident light of a set frequency, the set frequency being different from the reflected light frequency of the active cholesterol liquid crystal display module (10).

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