Trace nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental sample

Abstract

The utility model relates to a trace nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples, which belongs to the field of biomedical detection and comprises an extraction tube, an extraction structure and a centrifugal structure, and the extraction structure is detachably mounted at the top of the extraction tube. A centrifugal structure is mounted at the bottom of the extraction tube, a liquid outlet tube is communicated with the middle-upper part of the extraction tube, and a sealing plug is arranged at the orifice of the liquid outlet tube; magnetic bead adsorption, liquid transfer and centrifugation functions are integrated in the single-tube device, sample exposure links are reduced, nucleic acid is efficiently enriched and eluted, nucleic acid extraction pollution risks are reduced, the single-tube device can be repeatedly used, complex corollary equipment is not needed, the process is effectively simplified, the cost of consumables is reduced, and the single-tube device is particularly suitable for rapid treatment of trace environmental samples.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomedical detection, specifically to a micro-nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples. Background technology:

[0002] Extraction of microbial nucleic acids from environmental samples is a crucial step in environmental monitoring and microbial research. Traditional methods, such as centrifugation column extraction, magnetic bead extraction, or phenol-chloroform extraction, have significant drawbacks when processing trace samples such as soil and water: the operation requires multiple centrifugation and liquid transfer steps, easily leading to sample loss; open-ended operation steps result in a high risk of exogenous contamination; magnetic bead extraction relies on specialized laboratory equipment, making it difficult to adapt to field testing needs; commercially available reagent kits are expensive and unsuitable for trace samples. Furthermore, environmental samples often contain interfering substances such as humic acid and polysaccharides, which easily co-precipitate with nucleic acids, leading to reduced purity. Existing technologies cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of high efficiency, portability, and low cost. To address the core issues of complex operation, high contamination risk, strong equipment dependence, and high cost in nucleic acid extraction from trace environmental samples, this invention proposes a trace nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples, overcoming the shortcomings and deficiencies of existing technologies. Utility model content:

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a micro-nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A micro-nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples includes an extraction tube, an extraction structure, and a centrifugation structure. The extraction structure is detachably mounted on the top of the extraction tube. The centrifugation structure is installed at the bottom of the extraction tube. An outlet tube is connected to the upper part of the extraction tube, and a sealing plug is provided at the opening of the outlet tube.

[0006] The extraction structure includes a piston column, a first sealing piston, a second sealing piston, a cylindrical magnetic block, a movable column, and a pressing block. The piston column is detachably inserted into the opening of the extraction tube. The center of the piston column is penetrated by two connected movable holes. The bottom of the movable column movably passes through the first movable hole and is fixedly connected to the first sealing piston, which is movably disposed in the second movable hole. The first sealing piston is fixedly connected to the cylindrical magnetic block. The cylindrical magnetic block is fixedly connected to the second sealing piston, which is movably disposed in the second movable hole. The top of the movable column is fixedly connected to the pressing block.

[0007] Preferably, the sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing piston, the second sealing piston, and the cylindrical magnetic block is equal to the depth of the second movable hole.

[0008] Preferably, the piston column side edge is provided with a slot, and a sealing rubber sleeve is sleeved on the slot.

[0009] Preferably, the piston column top edge is provided with a limiting ring.

[0010] Preferably, the centrifugal structure is composed of a base and a waterproof stirring base, the base is arranged on the waterproof stirring base, an inner thread is arranged in the bottom pipe of the extraction pipe, and an outer thread is arranged on the waterproof stirring base and connected with the bottom thread of the extraction pipe.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model integrates the magnetic bead adsorption, liquid transfer and centrifugal function in a single pipe device, reduces the sample exposure link; the double-sealing piston and the cylindrical magnetic block cooperate to accurately control the magnetic bead movement through pressing operation, realize efficient nucleic acid enrichment and elution, reduce the nucleic acid extraction pollution risk; the utility model can be reused without complex supporting equipment, effectively simplifies the process and reduces the consumable cost, and is especially suitable for rapid processing of trace environmental samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 The utility model discloses a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram.

[0013] Figure 2 The utility model discloses an exploded view.

[0014] Figure 3 The utility model discloses Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of another visual angle.

[0015] Figure 4 The utility model extraction structure's partial section view.

[0016] Figure 5 The utility model discloses Figure 4 Structure schematic diagram after pressing block down pressure.

[0017] Figure 6 The utility model piston column's partial section view. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The drawings are only used for example explanation, and can not be understood as the limitation of the patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiment, some components of the drawings can be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual product; for the person skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their description in the drawings can be omitted.

[0019] As Figures 1-6As shown, a micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples includes an extraction tube 001, an extraction structure 002, and a centrifugal structure 003. The extraction tube 001 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the extraction structure 002 is detachably installed at the top of the extraction tube 001. The centrifugal structure 003 is installed at the bottom of the extraction tube 001. A liquid outlet pipe 110 is connected to the upper part of the extraction tube 001, and a sealing plug 111 is arranged at the pipe opening of the liquid outlet pipe 110.

[0020] The extraction structure 002 includes a piston column 210, a first sealing piston 220, a second sealing piston 230, a cylindrical magnetic block 240, a movable column 250, and a pressing block 260. The piston column 210 is detachably installed at the pipe opening of the extraction tube 001. The center of the piston column 210 is penetrated by a first movable hole 211 and a second movable hole 212. The bottom of the movable column 250 is movably penetrated by the first movable hole 211 and fixedly connected with the first sealing piston 220 movably arranged in the second movable hole 212. The first sealing piston 220 is fixedly connected with the cylindrical magnetic block 240. The cylindrical magnetic block 240 is fixedly connected with the second sealing piston 230 movably arranged in the second movable hole 212. The top of the movable column 250 is fixedly connected with the pressing block 260. When the pressing block 260 is pressed downward, the movable column 250 drives the first sealing piston 220, the cylindrical magnetic block 240, and the second sealing piston 230 to move downward synchronously. When the magnetic block 240 contacts the bottom of the pipe, it adsorbs the magnetic bead-nucleic acid compound in the supernatant, and the waste liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 110.

[0021] Further optimization of the scheme is as shown in Figures 1-6 The sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing piston 220, the second sealing piston 230, and the cylindrical magnetic block 240 is equal to the depth of the second movable hole 212.

[0022] Further optimization of the scheme is as shown in Figures 1-6 A groove 213 is arranged on the side of the piston column 210, and a sealing rubber sleeve 214 is sleeved on the groove 213 to increase the sealing performance between the piston column 210 and the pipe opening of the extraction tube 001.

[0023] Further optimization of the scheme is as shown in Figures 1-6 A limiting ring 215 is arranged at the top edge of the piston column 210, and the piston column 210 is installed at the pipe opening position of the extraction tube 001 for limiting.

[0024] Further optimization of the scheme is as shown in Figures 1-6 The centrifugal structure 003 is composed of a base 310 and a waterproof stirring seat 320. The base 310 is arranged on the waterproof stirring seat 320. An internal thread 120 is arranged in the bottom pipe of the extraction tube 001. An external thread 321 is arranged on the waterproof stirring seat 320 and connected with the bottom thread of the extraction tube 001. The extraction tube 001 can be independently detached for cleaning and the like.

[0025] The position relationship is only used for example description and cannot be understood as a limitation to the patent; obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are only examples for clearly illustrating the present application and are not a limitation to the embodiments of the present application. For ordinary skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description. Here, all the embodiments are not required to be exhausted. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples, characterized by: Including extraction tube (001), extraction structure (002) and centrifugal structure (003), the top of the extraction tube (001) is detachably provided with the extraction structure (002), the bottom of the extraction tube (001) is provided with the centrifugal structure (003), the upper part of the extraction tube (001) is communicated with a liquid outlet pipe (110), and the pipe opening of the liquid outlet pipe (110) is provided with a sealing plug (111); The extraction structure (002) comprises a piston column (210), a first sealing piston (220), a second sealing piston (230), a cylindrical magnetic block (240), a movable column (250) and a pressing block (260), the piston column (210) is detachably provided at the pipe opening of the extraction tube (001), the center of the piston column (210) is penetrated by a first movable hole (211) and a second movable hole (212), the bottom of the movable column (250) is movably penetrated by the first movable hole (211) and is fixedly connected with the first sealing piston (220) movably arranged in the second movable hole (212), the first sealing piston (220) is fixedly connected with the cylindrical magnetic block (240), the cylindrical magnetic block (240) is fixedly connected with the second sealing piston (230) movably arranged in the second movable hole (212), and the top of the movable column (250) is fixedly connected with the pressing block (260).

2. The micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples according to claim 1, wherein: The sum of the thicknesses of the first sealing piston (220), the second sealing piston (230) and the cylindrical magnetic block (240) is equal to the depth of the second movable hole (212).

3. The micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples according to claim 1, wherein: The side edge of the piston column (210) is provided with a groove (213), and the groove (213) is sleeved with a sealing rubber sleeve (214).

4. The micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples according to claim 1, wherein: The top edge of the piston column (210) is provided with a limiting ring (215).

5. The micro nucleic acid extractor suitable for environmental samples as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The centrifugal structure (003) is composed of a base (310) and a waterproof stirring base (320), the base (310) is arranged on the waterproof stirring base (320), the inner thread (120) is arranged in the bottom pipe of the extraction tube (001), and the outer thread (321) is arranged on the waterproof stirring base (320) and is threadedly connected with the bottom of the extraction tube (001).

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