Coal water slurry high-pressure gasification furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a coal water slurry high-pressure gasification furnace which comprises a connecting plate, a combustion chamber outer wall, a heat insulation material filling layer, a refractory brick lining, a chilling chamber outer wall, a chilling ring, a gas descending pipe, a gas ascending pipe, a washing ring, a plurality of water inlet pipes I and a plurality of water inlet pipes II, wherein a feeding hole of a fire-resistant burner is formed in the top end of the combustion chamber outer wall; a flow breaking cover is arranged at the feeding port, the bottom side and the circumferential side of the flow breaking cover are both of a barrier type structure, and the flow breaking cover is made of a high-temperature-resistant material. According to the utility model, coal water slurry and oxygen are broken by the flow breaking cover after being injected into the gasification furnace, so that the coal water slurry and the oxygen are fully mixed, buffering is formed at the same time, the coal water slurry and the oxygen are prevented from directly moving downwards after entering the combustion chamber, and full reaction is facilitated; and the washing ring is arranged between the gas ascending pipe and the gas descending pipe, so that the high-temperature gas guided to the washing ring can be washed, and disintegrating slag mingled in the high-pressure gas is further removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal chemical equipment technology, specifically to a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry. Background Technology

[0002] Coal-water slurry gasification technology is a new technology involving four major industries: coal, chemical, power, and building materials. Developed from heavy oil gasification, coal-water slurry gasification is a second-generation coal gasification technology. It belongs to the pressurized fluidized bed gasification process, employing a flame-type partial oxidation reaction and liquid slag discharge. Coal-water slurry gasification is a complex physical-chemical reaction process. After coal-water slurry and oxygen are injected into the gasifier, they undergo chemical reactions such as coal slurry preheating, water evaporation, coal pyrolysis, volatile matter combustion and gasification, residual carbon gasification, and water-gas balance, ultimately producing syngas with CO and H2 as the main components, essentially free of hydrocarbons and condensates.

[0003] The gasifier is a key piece of equipment in pressurized coal-water slurry gasification technology, serving as the reactor for the gasification reaction. The gasifier's design requires sufficient reaction time and a suitable height-to-diameter ratio to ensure adequate residence time for the reactants and favorable hydrodynamic conditions. It must also be adaptable to changes in feed load, and the shell must accommodate temperature and pressure variations. Since coal-water slurry gasification occurs under high temperature and pressure, at gasification reaction temperatures reaching up to 1300℃, the gasification reaction rate is entirely controlled by the transfer rate. This means that the flow field structure, atomization, and mixing effects within the gasifier directly impact the final gasification result. Furthermore, in the quench chamber, the high-temperature mixed gas, carrying a large amount of combustion residue, passes through the downcomer, where it exchanges heat and mass with the liquid film. It then enters a water bath, where it is washed and cooled to remove slag and some coal ash before exiting through the gas outlet for the next process. However, due to the short water bath time and less-than-ideal washing effect, the high-temperature mixed gas exiting the outlet still contains a certain amount of combustion residue, increasing the burden on subsequent processes. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned technology and provide a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry: comprising a connecting plate, an outer wall of the combustion chamber, a heat insulation material filling layer, a refractory brick lining, an outer wall of the quencher chamber, a quenching ring, a gas downcomer, a gas upcomer, a water washing ring, multiple water inlet pipes (first and second), wherein the top of the outer wall of the combustion chamber is equipped with a feed inlet for a refractory burner, and the connecting plate is installed at the feed inlet; the outer wall of the quencher chamber is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber is located in the outer wall of the quencher chamber; the top of the gas downcomer is connected to the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber, the quenching ring is installed at the top of the gas downcomer, and the first water inlet pipe is connected to the quenching ring; the gas upcomer is looped around the outside of the gas downcomer.

[0006] The water washing ring is sleeved on the outside of the gas downpipe and fixed to the gas downpipe. The water washing ring is located on the upper part of the inner side of the gas uppipe. The second water inlet pipe is connected to the water washing ring. The water washing ring has spray holes evenly provided on the lower side along the circumferential direction.

[0007] The feed inlet is equipped with a flow-breaking hood, and the bottom and circumferential sides of the flow-breaking hood adopt a grid structure. The flow-breaking hood is made of high-temperature resistant material.

[0008] Furthermore, the refractory brick lining is located on the inner side of the outer wall of the combustion chamber, and a heat insulation material filling layer is provided between the refractory brick lining and the outer wall of the combustion chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting plate is provided with a groove, and the upper end of the flow-breaking shroud is provided with a protruding edge that matches the groove. The flow-breaking shroud is inserted into the feed inlet and is limited by the cooperation of the protruding edge and the groove.

[0010] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: After the coal-water slurry and oxygen are injected into the gasifier, they are broken by a flow-breaking hood, which not only facilitates the full mixing of the coal-water slurry and oxygen, but also forms a buffer to prevent the coal-water slurry and oxygen from moving directly downwards after entering the combustion chamber, thus promoting a full reaction; a water washing ring is set between the gas riser pipe and the gas fallr pipe to wash the high-temperature gas that flows there, further removing the debris mixed in the high-pressure gas, which greatly reduces the debris mixed in the high-pressure gas and reduces the burden on subsequent processes. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry according to this utility model.

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the flow-breaking shroud of a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry according to this utility model.

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting plate of a high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry according to this utility model.

[0014] As shown in the figure:

[0015] 1. Connecting plate, 2. Combustion chamber outer wall, 3. Insulation material filling layer, 4. Refractory brick lining, 5. Quenching chamber outer wall, 6. Quenching ring, 7. Gas downcomer, 8. Gas upcomer, 9. Water washing ring, 10. Water inlet pipe one, 11. Water inlet pipe two, 12. Flow breaker, 13. Groove, 14. Raised edge. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0017] Example 1, in conjunction with Appendix Figure 1-3 A high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry includes a connecting plate 1, an outer wall of the combustion chamber 2, a heat insulation material filling layer 3, a refractory brick lining 4, an outer wall of the quencher 5, a quenching ring 6, a gas downcomer 7, a gas upcomer 8, a water washing ring 9, multiple water inlet pipes 10 and 11. The top of the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2 is equipped with a feed inlet for a refractory burner, and the connecting plate 1 is installed at the feed inlet. The outer wall of the quencher 5 is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2, and the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2 is located within the outer wall of the quencher 5. The top of the gas downcomer 7 is connected to the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber 2, the quenching ring 6 is installed on the top of the gas downcomer 7, and the first water inlet pipe 10 is connected to the quenching ring 6. The gas upcomer 8 is looped around the outside of the gas downcomer 7.

[0018] The washing ring 9 is sleeved on the outside of the gas downpipe 7 and fixed to the gas downpipe 7. The washing ring 9 is located on the upper part of the inner side of the gas uppipe 8. The water inlet pipe 11 is connected to the washing ring 9. The lower side of the washing ring 9 is uniformly provided with water spray holes along the circumferential direction.

[0019] The feed inlet is provided with a flow-breaking hood 12. The bottom and circumferential sides of the flow-breaking hood 12 are both made of a grid structure and the flow-breaking hood 12 is made of a high-temperature resistant material.

[0020] In the specific implementation of this invention, after the coal-water slurry and oxygen are injected into the gasifier, they are broken by the flow-breaking hood 12, which not only facilitates the full mixing of the coal-water slurry and oxygen, but also forms a buffer to prevent the coal-water slurry and oxygen from moving directly downwards after entering the combustion chamber, thus promoting a full reaction. After the reaction, the high-temperature gas, mixed with the slag produced by combustion, enters the gas downcomer 7 from the combustion chamber. After the first water washing, some of the slag is washed into the water. Then, the high-temperature gas, mixed with a small amount of slag, rises along the inner wall of the gas riser 8. During this process, the water washing ring 9 sprays water to perform a second water washing on the high-temperature gas that has been guided here, further removing the slag mixed in with the high-pressure gas. After two water washing treatments, the slag mixed in with the high-pressure gas is greatly reduced, reducing the burden on subsequent processes.

[0021] The refractory brick lining 4 is located on the inner side of the outer wall 2 of the combustion chamber, and a heat insulation material filling layer 3 is provided between the refractory brick lining 4 and the outer wall 2 of the combustion chamber. This three-layer structure provides good heat insulation, facilitates reaching the ignition temperature, and reduces heat loss.

[0022] The connecting plate 1 is provided with a groove 13, and the upper end of the flow-breaking shroud 12 is provided with a protruding edge 14 that matches the groove 13. The flow-breaking shroud 12 is inserted into the feed inlet and is limited by the cooperation of the protruding edge 14 with the groove 13. This allows for removal, maintenance, or replacement.

[0023] The protruding edge 14 is fixed to the connecting plate 1 by connecting bolts and is detachable.

[0024] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," or "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the utility model product is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry, characterized in that: The system includes a connecting plate (1), an outer wall of the combustion chamber (2), a heat insulation material filling layer (3), a refractory brick lining (4), an outer wall of the quencher (5), a quenching ring (6), a gas downpipe (7), a gas uppipe (8), a water washing ring (9), multiple water inlet pipes (10) and multiple water inlet pipes (11). The top of the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2) is equipped with a feed inlet for a refractory burner, and the connecting plate (1) is installed at the feed inlet. The outer wall of the quencher (5) is connected to the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2), and the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2) is located in the outer wall of the quencher (5). The top of the gas downpipe (7) is connected to the opening at the bottom of the outer wall of the combustion chamber (2), and the quenching ring (6) is installed on the top of the gas downpipe (7). The first water inlet pipe (10) is connected to the quenching ring (6). The gas uppipe (8) is looped around the outside of the gas downpipe (7). The washing ring (9) is sleeved on the outside of the gas downpipe (7) and fixed to the gas downpipe (7). The washing ring (9) is located on the upper part of the inner side of the gas uppipe (8). The second water inlet pipe (11) is connected to the washing ring (9). The lower side of the washing ring (9) is uniformly provided with water spray holes along the circumferential direction. The feed inlet is provided with a flow-breaking hood (12), the bottom side and the circumferential side of the flow-breaking hood (12) are both of the grid structure, and the flow-breaking hood (12) is made of high temperature resistant material.

2. The high-pressure gasification furnace for coal-water slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refractory brick lining (4) is located on the inner side of the outer wall (2) of the combustion chamber, and a heat insulation material filling layer (3) is provided between the refractory brick lining (4) and the outer wall (2) of the combustion chamber.

3. The high-pressure gasification furnace for water-coal slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting plate (1) is provided with a groove (13), and the upper end of the flow-breaking hood (12) is provided with a protruding edge (14) that matches the groove (13). The flow-breaking hood (12) is inserted into the feed inlet and is limited by the cooperation between the protruding edge (14) and the groove (13).

4. A high-pressure gasifier for coal-water slurry according to claim 3, characterized in that: The protruding edge (14) is fixed to the connecting plate (1) by connecting bolts and is detachable.

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