Mine roadway supporting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a mine roadway supporting device which is characterized in that a flat base and a base are arranged on the two sides of the ground in a roadway respectively, an inner side plate is arranged on the side, close to the middle of the roadway, of the base, an outer side plate is arranged on the other side of the base, and a lifting mechanism is arranged on the top of each inner side plate and the top of the adjacent outer side plate. An arch-shaped supporting structure is arranged between the tops of the two opposite lifting mechanisms, a plurality of anchor rods are evenly arranged on the arch-shaped supporting structure, one end of each anchor rod is fixedly connected with the arch-shaped supporting structure, the other end of each anchor rod extends into the top of a roadway, and the arch-shaped supporting structure comprises an upper top plate and a lower top plate. The upper top plate and the lower top plate are arc-shaped supporting plates, the bottoms of the two ends of the upper top plate and the bottoms of the two ends of the lower top plate are arranged on the upper surface of a lifting mechanism, each anchor rod penetrates through the upper top plate to be fixedly connected with the second concrete supporting structure, and the curvature of the upper supporting plate is different from that of the lower top plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel protection technology, specifically a mine tunnel support device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for mineral resources, hydropower, and transportation due to continuous economic development, underground space development is increasingly extending to deeper areas. During underground engineering construction, the most common engineering problem is ground pressure manifestation, such as localized roof falls, rock bursts, and spalling stress release issues. In deep underground mines, under high ground stress conditions, rock bursts often occur in areas with relatively good surrounding rock; in areas with poor surrounding rock conditions, roof and sidewall collapses are common. For a period after tunnel excavation, during the stress equilibrium process in the surrounding rock, the occurrence of geological disasters is highly uncertain, seriously threatening the personal safety of on-site construction personnel, damaging construction equipment, disrupting project construction, and affecting construction progress. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a mine roadway support device, the purpose of which is to solve the technical problem that the occurrence of geological disasters under high ground stress conditions is highly uncertain during the stress balance process of the surrounding rock in the period after roadway excavation.

[0004] This utility model provides a mine roadway support device. Parallel slide rails are installed on both sides of the roadway surface. Multiple sliders are mounted on each slide rail, and a base is mounted on each slider. An inner side plate is mounted on the side of the base closest to the middle of the roadway, and an outer side plate is mounted on the other side of the base. A lifting mechanism is mounted on the top of each inner side plate and the adjacent outer side plate. An arched support structure is positioned between the tops of two opposing lifting mechanisms. Multiple anchor rods are evenly distributed on the arched support structure, with one end of each anchor rod connected to the arched support structure. The support structure is fixedly connected, and the other end of each anchor rod extends into the top of the roadway. The arched support structure includes an upper top plate and a lower top plate. Both the upper and lower top plates are arc-shaped. The bottom ends of the upper and lower top plates are respectively set on the upper surface of the lifting mechanism. The upper top plate is set outside the lower top plate. A concrete support structure is filled between the upper and lower top plates. Each anchor rod passes through the upper top plate and is fixedly connected to the second concrete support structure at the top of the roadway. The curvature of the upper top plate is different from that of the lower top plate.

[0005] Furthermore, the inner side plate is at the same height as the outer side plate, and a concrete support layer is filled between the inner side plate and the outer side plate.

[0006] Furthermore, each of the lifting mechanisms is fixedly connected between the concrete support layer and the arched support structure. The lifting mechanism includes a support frame and a support plate. The support frame has a U-shaped structure. The bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete support layer, and the top of the support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the arched support structure. A telescopic column is provided between the support frame and the support plate. The bottom of the telescopic column is connected to a cylinder. A guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate. A guide sleeve is provided inside the support frame, and the guide rod passes through the guide sleeve.

[0007] Furthermore, the slide rail includes a base fixed to the ground, a slide groove is provided on the base, a guide rail is provided in the slide groove, a guide groove is provided at the bottom of the slider, and two sets of pulleys are provided at the bottom of the slider. Each set of pulleys is respectively provided on both sides of the guide groove. The guide groove is slidably disposed on the guide rail, and the pulleys are slidably disposed in the slide groove.

[0008] Furthermore, limit holes are evenly provided on the opposite sides of the two bases, and limit holes are evenly provided on the opposite side of the slider, with limit pins passing through the limit holes.

[0009] Furthermore, the concrete support structure includes a steel mesh cage, and anchor support frames are fixedly connected between the steel mesh cages. The anchor support frame includes an upper fixed frame, a lower fixed frame, and a connecting plate. The upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame are respectively fixedly connected to the steel mesh cage. The connecting plate is fixedly connected between the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame. A sleeve is fixedly connected between the upper fixed frame and the lower fixed frame. The sleeve is threadedly connected to the anchor bolt. The sleeve passes through the upper fixed frame and extends into the top of the roadway.

[0010] Furthermore, a sliding rod is provided at the bottom of the anchor rod, a limit block is provided at the bottom of the sliding rod, a sliding sleeve is fitted on the sliding rod, and connecting rods are hinged at both ends of the sliding sleeve. Two fixing rings are fitted on the part of the steel mesh cage located below the lower fixing frame, and the connecting rod passes through the sleeve and is hinged to the fixing rings.

[0011] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] This utility model provides a mine roadway support device that enhances the support for the roadway roof through the combination of an arched support structure and anchor bolts. The double-curvature roof plate can evenly distribute the pressure on the roadway roof, while the anchor bolts penetrate deep into the surrounding rock at the roadway roof and are tightly connected to the surrounding rock, anchoring the arched support structure to the surrounding rock together. This further improves the support effect on the roadway roof, reduces the risk of collapse, and provides a safe working environment for mining. The anchor bolts are evenly distributed radially, extending into the interior of the surrounding rock at the roadway roof and combining with the surrounding rock anchoring agent to achieve active reinforcement. The anchor bolts and the arched support structure are connected by sleeve threads to form a three-in-one support of "surrounding rock-anchor bolt-arch plate", which inhibits the expansion of the loosening zone of the surrounding rock.

[0013] This invention provides a mine roadway support device, comprising an inner side plate, an outer side plate, and a concrete support layer filling the space between them, forming a lateral support structure for both sides of the roadway. This not only enhances the stability of the roadway wall and prevents accidents such as spalling, but also provides a stable foundation for the lifting mechanism and the arched support structure, enabling the entire support device to better withstand pressure from the surrounding roadway. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a mine roadway support device according to the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of point A of a mine roadway support device according to the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arched support structure of the support structure of the mine roadway support device described in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an anchor bolt in a mine roadway support device according to the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of an anchor bolt of a mine roadway support device according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Slide rail; 2. Slider; 3. Base; 4. Inner side plate; 5. Outer side plate; 6. Concrete support layer; 7. Lifting mechanism; 8. Arched support structure; 9. Anchor bolt; 10. Base; 11. Slide groove; 12. Fixing strip; 13. Fixing rivet; 14. Guide rail; 15. Limiting pin; 16. Guide groove; 17. Pulley; 18. Rotating rod; 19. Support frame; 20. Support plate; 21. Telescopic column; 22. Cylinder; 23. Guide rod; 24. 25. Guide sleeve; 26. Upper top plate; 27. Lower top plate; 28. Concrete support structure; 29. ​​Reinforcing mesh cage; 30. Connecting plate; 31. Sleeve; 32. Upper clamping plate; 33. Upper support plate; 34. Cross limiting tube; 35. Lower fixing plate; 36. Lower support plate; 37. Second fixing pin; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Fixing ring; 40. First fixing pin; 41. Sliding rod; 42. Sliding sleeve; 43. Limiting block; 44. Upper fixing frame; 45. Lower fixing frame. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a mine roadway support device. Two slide rails 1 are arranged on both sides of the roadway bottom. Multiple sliders 2 are slidably mounted on each slide rail 1. Each slider 2 has a base 3. An inner side plate 4 is located on the side of each base 3 closest to the other slide rail 1, and an outer side plate 5 is located on the side of each base 3 furthest from the other slide rail 1. The outer side plate 5 is at the same height as the inner side plate 4. A lifting mechanism 7 is provided at the top of the outer side plate 5 and the inner side plate 4 on the same base 3. An arched support structure 8 is fixedly connected to the top of two parallel lifting mechanisms 7. Multiple anchor rods 9 are evenly arranged on the arched support structure 8. The extension line of each anchor rod 9 passes through the center of the arched support structure 8, and each anchor rod 9 extends away from the arched support structure 8. The end of each anchor rod 9 furthest from the arched support structure 8 extends into the surrounding rock at the top of the roadway.

[0022] See Figure 2In an embodiment of this utility model, the slide rail 1 includes a base 10 and a slide groove 11 formed on the upper surface of the base 10. A fixing strip 12 is provided on one side of each of the two slide rails 1. Multiple fixing holes are evenly distributed on the fixing strip 12, and a fixing rivet 13 passes through each fixing hole. Each fixing rivet 13 secures the base 10 to the ground through the fixing hole. A guide rail 14 is provided at the center of the slide groove 11. Each slider 2 is slidably disposed within the slide groove 11. A limiting hole is formed on one side of each slider 2. Limiting holes are evenly distributed on one side of the base 10, and limiting pins 15 pass through the limiting holes. The limiting pins 15 fix the slider 2 and the base 10 together. To prevent the base 3 from shaking or shifting, the slider 2 has a guide groove 16 at its bottom, which is fitted onto the guide rail 14. Two pulleys 17 are located at the bottom of the slider 2, positioned on either side of the guide groove 16. Two through holes are located inside the slider 2, also on either side of the guide groove 16. Each through hole has a bearing at both ends, with the outer ring of each bearing fixedly connected to the through hole. A rotating rod 18 is positioned between the two bearings within each through hole, and each pulley 17 is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating rod 18. Each pulley 17 slides within a groove 11. The arrangement of the guide rail 1, slider 2, and limiting pin 15 facilitates the movement and positioning of the base 3. During installation, the slider 2 can be moved to a predetermined position using the pulleys 17, and then the limiting pin 15 can be inserted into the limiting hole for fixation. This effectively prevents the base 3 from shaking or shifting, ensuring the overall stability of the support structure and preventing safety accidents caused by the shaking of the support device.

[0023] In an embodiment of this utility model, a concrete support layer 6 is filled between each of the outer side plates 5 and the inner side plates 4 of the same base 3.

[0024] See Figure 3In an embodiment of this utility model, the lifting mechanism 7 includes a support frame 19; therefore, the support frame 19 is a U-shaped support frame 19. The bottom of the support frame 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete support layer 6. A telescopic column 21 is vertically arranged inside the support frame 19. A support plate 20 is arranged at the top of the telescopic column 21. A cylinder 22 is arranged at the bottom of the telescopic column 21. The cylinder 22 is used to drive the telescopic column to rise and fall. A guide sleeve 24 is arranged at the bottom of the support plate 20. A guide rod 23 is arranged inside the support frame 19. The guide rod 23 passes through the guide sleeve 24. The sum of the lengths of the guide rod 23 and the guide sleeve 24 is greater than the maximum stroke of the telescopic column 21. The telescopic column 21 in the lifting mechanism 7 is connected to the cylinder 22, which can drive the support plate 20 to rise or fall according to actual needs, thereby realizing the adjustment of the height of the arched support structure 8. This allows the support device to adapt to roadways of different heights, improves the versatility and applicability of the device, and can be flexibly applied to the support engineering of various mine roadways.

[0025] As an optional embodiment, the arched support structure 8 includes an upper top plate 25 and a lower top plate 26, both of which are arc-shaped. The two ends of the upper top plate 25 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the support plate 20, and the bottom ends of the lower top plate 26 are fixedly connected to the inner sides of the support plate 20. A concrete support structure 27 is provided between the upper top plate 25 and the lower top plate 26.

[0026] As an implementable example, the curvature of the upper roof plate 25 differs from that of the lower roof plate 26. Specifically, the curvature of the upper roof plate 25 is less than that of the lower roof plate 26, the arc of the upper roof plate 25 is greater than that of the lower roof plate 26, and the radius of arc of the upper roof plate 25 is greater than that of the lower roof plate 26. The upper roof plate 25, the lower roof plate 26, and the concrete support structure 27 form an arched structure, enhancing the support capacity of the surrounding rock above. The use of a double-curvature roof plate design, where the curvature of the upper roof plate 25 is less than that of the lower roof plate 26, and the arc and radius of arc are greater than those of the lower roof plate 26, allows the roof plates to distribute pressure more rationally according to their different curvature characteristics when bearing the pressure from the top of the roadway. This avoids pressure concentration, better adapts to pressure changes under different geological conditions, extends the service life of the support device, and ensures roadway safety.

[0027] See Figure 4 or Figure 5As an example of implementation, the concrete support structure 27 is provided with a steel mesh cage 28, and multiple anchor support frames are evenly arranged inside the steel mesh cage 28. After the anchor 9 mounting frame is installed inside the steel mesh cage 28, it is filled with concrete. The anchor 9 passes through the anchor support frame. The anchor support frame includes an upper fixing frame 43 and a lower fixing frame 44. The upper fixing frame 43 is fixedly connected to the steel mesh cage 28 near the upper top plate 25, and the lower fixing frame 44 is fixedly connected to the steel mesh cage 28 near the lower top plate 26. A connecting plate 29 is provided between the upper fixing frame 43 and the lower fixing frame 44. A sleeve 30 is provided between the upper fixing frame 43 and the lower fixing frame 44. The sleeve 30 passes through the upper fixing frame 43 and extends into the top of the tunnel. The anchor 9 passes through the sleeve 30 and extends into the top of the tunnel. The anchor 9 is connected to the top of the tunnel by an anchoring agent. The anchor 9 and the sleeve 30 are connected by threads.

[0028] In one possible implementation in practical use, the upper fixing frame 43 includes an upper clamping plate 31 and an upper support plate 32 disposed between the upper clamping plates 31; the sleeve 30 passes through the center of the upper clamping plate 31 and the upper support plate 32, and the upper clamping plate 31 and the upper support plate 32 are provided with a plurality of first limiting holes, each first limiting hole is fitted with a first fixing pin 39, the top of the first fixing pin 39 is provided with a cross limiting tube 33, the cross-shaped portion of the steel mesh cage 28 disposed above the upper clamping plate 31 passes through the cross limiting tube 33; the cross limiting tube 33 is fixedly connected to the first fixing pin 39.

[0029] The lower fixing frame 44 includes a lower fixing plate 34 and a lower support plate 35. The upper surface of the lower fixing plate 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve 30. The lower fixing plate 34 and the lower support plate 35 are provided with a plurality of second limiting holes. A second fixing pin 36 is interference-fitted in the second limiting hole. A cross limiting tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second fixing pin 36. The cross-shaped part of the steel mesh cage 28 located below the lower support plate 35 passes through the cross limiting tube 33.

[0030] The connecting plate 29 is fixedly connected between the upper support plate 32 and the lower support plate 35, improving the reliability of the connection between the anchor rod 9 and the concrete support structure 27. The steel mesh cage 28, anchor rod support frame, and sleeve 30 in the concrete support structure 27 further enhance the reliability of the connection between the anchor rod 9 and the concrete support layer 6. The steel mesh cage 28 strengthens the concrete's strength and toughness, while the anchor rod support frame provides stable support for the anchor rod 9. The threaded connection between the sleeve 30 and the anchor rod 9, and the hinged connection between the connecting rod 37 and the fixing ring 38, further improve the suspension capacity of the anchor rod 9, ensuring that the connections between the various components of the support device will not loosen during long-term use, thus guaranteeing the support effect.

[0031] In one possible implementation in practical use, a sliding rod 40 is provided at the bottom of the anchor rod 9, a limit block 42 is provided at the bottom of the sliding rod 40, a sliding sleeve 41 is sleeved on the sliding rod 40, and connecting rods 37 are hinged at both ends of the sliding sleeve 41. Two fixing rings 38 are sleeved on the part of the steel mesh cage 28 located below the lower support plate 35. The connecting rods 37 pass through the sleeve 30 and are hinged to the fixing rings 38. The anchor rod 9 is connected to the concrete support structure 27 through the connecting rods 37 and the fixing rings 38, thereby improving the suspension capacity.

Claims

1. A mine roadway support device, characterized in that, Parallel slide rails (1) are installed on both sides of the roadway. Each slide rail (1) has multiple sliders (2). Each slider (2) has a base (3). An inner side plate (4) is installed on the side of the base (3) closest to the middle of the roadway, and an outer side plate (5) is installed on the other side of the base (3). Each inner side plate (4) and the adjacent outer side plate (5) have a lifting mechanism (7) on their tops. An arched support structure (8) is installed between the tops of two opposing lifting mechanisms (7). Multiple anchor rods (9) are evenly installed on the arched support structure (8). One end of each anchor rod (9) is fixedly connected to the arched support structure (8). The other end of the rod (9) extends into the top of the roadway. The arched support structure (8) includes an upper top plate (25) and a lower top plate (26). Both the upper top plate (25) and the lower top plate (26) are arc-shaped top plates. The bottom ends of the upper top plate (25) and the lower top plate (26) are respectively set on the upper surface of the lifting mechanism (7). The upper top plate (25) is set on the outside of the lower top plate (26). A concrete support structure (27) is filled between the upper top plate (25) and the lower top plate (26). Each anchor rod (9) passes through the upper top plate (25) and is fixedly connected to the surrounding rock at the top of the roadway. The curvature of the upper top plate (25) is different from that of the lower top plate (26).

2. The mine roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner side plate (4) is at the same height as the outer side plate (5), and a concrete support layer (6) is filled between the inner side plate (4) and the outer side plate (5).

3. A mine roadway support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the lifting mechanisms (7) is fixedly connected between the concrete support layer (6) and the arched support structure (8). The lifting mechanism (7) includes a support frame (19) and a support plate (20). The support frame (19) is a U-shaped structure. The bottom of the support frame (19) is fixedly connected to the top of the concrete support layer (6). The top of the support plate (20) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the arched support structure (8). A telescopic column (21) is provided between the support frame (19) and the support plate (20). The bottom of the telescopic column (21) is connected to the cylinder (22). A guide rod (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate (20). A guide sleeve (24) is provided inside the support frame (19). The guide rod (23) passes through the guide sleeve (24).

4. A mine roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail (1) includes a base (10) fixed to the ground. A slide groove (11) is provided on the base (10). A guide rail (14) is provided in the slide groove (11). A guide groove (16) is provided at the bottom of the slider (2). Two sets of pulleys (17) are provided at the bottom of the slider (2). Each set of pulleys (17) is respectively provided on both sides of the guide groove (16). The guide groove (16) is slidably disposed on the guide rail (14). The pulleys (17) are slidably disposed in the slide groove (11).

5. A mine roadway support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Limiting holes are evenly provided on the opposite side of the two bases (10), and limiting holes are evenly provided on the opposite side of the slider (2), with limiting pins (15) passing through the limiting holes.

6. A mine roadway support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete support structure (27) includes a steel mesh cage (28), and an anchor support frame is fixedly connected between the steel mesh cages (28). The anchor support frame includes an upper fixed frame (43), a lower fixed frame (44), and a connecting plate. The upper fixed frame (43) and the lower fixed frame (44) are fixedly connected to the steel mesh cage (28) respectively. The connecting plate is fixedly connected between the upper fixed frame (43) and the lower fixed frame (44). A sleeve (30) is fixedly connected between the upper fixed frame (43) and the lower fixed frame (44). The sleeve (30) is threadedly connected to the anchor (9). The sleeve (30) passes through the upper fixed frame (43) and extends into the top of the roadway.

7. A mine roadway support device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the anchor rod (9) is provided with a sliding rod (40), the bottom of the sliding rod (40) is provided with a limit block (42), the sliding rod (40) is fitted with a sliding sleeve (41), the two ends of the sliding sleeve (41) are hinged with connecting rods (37), the part of the steel mesh cage (28) located below the lower fixing frame (44) is fitted with two fixing rings (38), the connecting rod (37) passes through the sleeve (30) and is hinged to the fixing rings (38).

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