Permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a motor and a control module, the motor comprises a rotating shaft, a magnet is arranged on the rotating shaft, the permanent magnet synchronous motor further comprises a PCB arranged in front of the magnet, a sensor electrically connected with the control module is arranged on the PCB, and the sensor is used for detecting the change of a magnetic field parallel to the packaging surface of the sensor. And the electrical zero position of the calibration motor and the position of the three-phase alternating current winding are in a coincident state.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, belong to motor field. BACKGROUND

[0002] Permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in electric vehicle, industrial automation and other fields due to high power density, high reliability, accurate control and low noise characteristics.Accurate acquisition of phase current and rotor position information is essential for high-precision motor control.

[0003] Before aligning sensor magnetic field zero point and electrical zero point, the angle reflected by sensor is relative to magnetic field zero point, so sensor magnetic field zero point is not necessarily equal to motor electrical zero point, the angle reflected by sensor is relative to magnetic field zero point, so sensor zero point position needs to be calibrated.

[0004] Motor zero calibration can ensure that motor can accurately control position and speed during normal operation.If there is no correct zero calibration, it may not be able to accurately position and control speed in actual application.If the relative position relationship between motor rotor and reference point is not correctly determined, the speed of motor rotor cannot be accurately controlled, and if the relative position relationship between motor rotor and reference point is not correctly determined, unpredictable failure may occur during motor operation, causing safety hazards. INVENTION CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims at overcoming the shortcomings and deficiencies of prior art, and provides a kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0006] A kind of permanent magnet synchronous motor, including motor and control module, the motor includes rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is equipped with magnet, further include the PCB board of being located in front of magnet, the PCB board is equipped with sensor for being electrically connected with control module, the sensor is used to detect the magnetic field change parallel to its packaging surface, calibrates the position of motor electrical zero and three-phase alternating winding is coincident state.

[0007] The PCB board provided with sensor can monitor the magnetic field change generated by magnet on rotating shaft in real time, ensure that motor control system can obtain information of motor operating state in time, so as to realize accurate control.Through detecting magnetic field change parallel to packaging surface, control module can quickly respond, implement highly accurate current and voltage regulation, improve dynamic response speed and speed regulation accuracy of motor, improve motor operating efficiency.Correctly determine the relative position relationship between motor rotor and reference point, accurately control the speed of motor rotor, correctly determine the relative position relationship between motor rotor and reference point, ensure that motor runs smoothly, improve use effect and service life.

[0008] Preferably, the giant magnetoresistive sensing area at the center of the sensor corresponds to the center of the magnet. Precisely aligning the sensing area of ​​the giant magnetoresistive sensor with the center of the magnet maximizes the utilization of the magnet's strong magnetic field, ensuring a more sensitive response to changes in the magnetic field. This design optimizes the accuracy of signal acquisition, thereby improving the control precision of the motor. When the sensor is aligned with the center of the magnet, the detected magnetic field changes are relatively more stable, reducing the impact of external interference on the measurement results, improving data reliability, and providing more accurate feedback to the control module. By accurately detecting changes in the magnetic field, the control system can better adjust the motor's input power and operating status, thereby achieving higher operating efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and extending the equipment's lifespan. Due to the precise alignment of the sensor with the center of the magnet, the calibration process becomes simpler. Users can quickly perform initial settings, reducing debugging and maintenance time and costs.

[0009] Furthermore, the sensor is a 360° angle sensor. The 360° angle sensor can be selected as a TLE5012B sensor or other models to adapt to different operating conditions. The 360° angle sensor can detect magnetic field changes in any direction, enabling the motor to obtain complete shaft position information in real time. This comprehensive monitoring capability improves the motor's ability to interpret position and motion states. This design allows the control system to more flexibly adjust motor operating parameters, implementing more complex control strategies, such as precise positioning and variable speed operation, to meet the needs of different application scenarios. 360° angle monitoring enables the system to respond more quickly to dynamic changes, rapidly adjusting current and voltage, maintaining motor stability under load changes or external disturbances, and improving dynamic response speed. Users can monitor the motor status in real time from any angle, achieving more efficient monitoring and maintenance optimization, enhancing the overall user experience and satisfaction.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: When the motor is working, the rotating shaft drives the magnet to rotate, and the sensor can detect changes in the magnetic field parallel to its package surface. The advantages of this solution are simple circuit and mechanical structure design, low cost, and small space requirement. Compared to photoelectric encoders, the 360° angle sensor is less susceptible to contamination from dust, oil, etc. Compared to magnetic angle sensors based on the Hall effect principle, the 360° angle sensor based on the giant magnetoresistance principle has higher accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, obtaining other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort still falls within the scope of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the main body of this utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the implementation method of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate axes of the AC winding of this utility model;

[0015] In the diagram, 1 is the motor; 2 is the shaft; 3 is the magnet; 4 is the PCB board; and 5 is the sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of this utility model clearer, the utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this utility model are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this utility model. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0018] The directional and positional terms used in this utility model, such as "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," and "side," are merely for reference to the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional and positional terms used are for the purpose of explaining and understanding this utility model, and not for limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0019] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this is an embodiment of a permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention, including a motor 1 and a control module. The motor 1 includes a rotating shaft 2, on which a magnet 3 is provided. It also includes a PCB board 4 located in front of the magnet 3. The PCB board 4 is provided with a sensor 5 electrically connected to the control module. The sensor 5 is used to detect changes in the magnetic field parallel to its packaging surface and to calibrate the motor electrical zero position to coincide with the position of the three-phase AC winding.

[0020] The PCB board 4, equipped with sensor 5, can monitor the changes in the magnetic field generated by magnet 3 on shaft 2 in real time, ensuring that the motor 1 control system can obtain information on the operating status of motor 1 in a timely manner, thereby achieving precise control. By detecting changes in the magnetic field parallel to the package surface, the control module can respond quickly and implement highly precise current and voltage regulation, improving the dynamic response speed and speed regulation accuracy of motor 1, and enhancing the operating efficiency of motor 1. Correctly determining the relative positional relationship between the motor 1 rotor and the reference point allows for precise control of the motor 1 rotor speed, ensuring smooth and normal operation of motor 1, and improving its performance and service life.

[0021] The giant magnetoresistive sensing area at the center of sensor 5 corresponds to the center of magnet 3. Precisely aligning the sensing area of ​​sensor 5 with the center of magnet 3 maximizes the utilization of the strong magnetic field of magnet 3, ensuring a more sensitive response of sensor 5 to changes in the magnetic field. This design optimizes the accuracy of signal acquisition, thereby improving the control precision of motor 1. When sensor 5 is aligned with the center of magnet 3, the detected magnetic field changes are relatively more stable, reducing the impact of external interference on the measurement results, improving data reliability, and providing more accurate feedback to the control module. By accurately detecting changes in the magnetic field, the control system can better adjust the input power and operating status of motor 1, thereby achieving higher operating efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and extending the service life of the equipment. Due to the precise correspondence between the center of sensor 5 and the center of magnet 3, the calibration process becomes simpler. Users can quickly perform initial settings, reducing the time and cost of debugging and maintenance.

[0022] The sensor 5 is a 360° angle sensor. The 360° angle sensor 5 can be a TLE5012B sensor 5 or other models of sensor 5, adaptable to different working conditions. The 360° angle sensor 5 can detect magnetic field changes in any direction, enabling the motor 1 to obtain complete position information of the rotating shaft 2 in real time. This comprehensive monitoring capability improves the motor 1's ability to analyze position and motion states. This design allows the control system to more flexibly adjust the operating parameters of the motor 1, implementing more complex control strategies, such as precise positioning and variable speed operation, adapting to the needs of different application scenarios. 360° angle monitoring enables the system to respond more quickly to dynamic changes, rapidly adjusting current and voltage, maintaining the stability of the motor 1 under load changes or external interference, and improving dynamic response speed. Users can monitor the status of the motor 1 in real time from any angle, achieving more efficient monitoring and maintenance optimization, enhancing the overall user experience and satisfaction.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, axes A, B, and C are three-phase AC windings; axes α and β are two-phase AC windings.

[0024] The d and q axes are integral rotating DC windings (the magnetomotive force rotates synchronously with the dq coordinate axes). Assuming that when the d and q axis coordinate system rotates to the d' and q' positions, the angle actually measured and output by the sensor is zero, then the d-axis position is defined as the electrical zero position.

[0025] Ideally, the electrical zero-position deviation should be aligned with the A(a) axis during the motor's development and design phase. However, in reality, due to machining and installation deviations during motor production, the electrical zero-position deflection angle varies from motor to motor. Therefore, each motor needs to undergo electrical zero-position deflection angle calibration during final inspection.

[0026] The position where the rotor magnetic pole direction coincides with the positive direction of A(α) is taken as the rotor zero position; the motor needs to perform an open-loop control, give the α-axis current, make the motor rotor attract to the A(α) axis, and read the electrical angle at this time, which is the electrical angle offset that needs to be calibrated.

[0027] The method for achieving zero position accuracy calibration using the aforementioned permanent magnet synchronous motor is as follows:

[0028] 1. Calibration Request and Flags:

[0029] - start

[0030] - Receive LIN signal request 0x26 to start or stop zero-point calibration.

[0031] The calibration request is defined by the LIN bus calibration command signal: ZeroCalibration

[0032] - `0`: Indicates that there is currently no calibration request.

[0033] - `1`: Indicates a customer calibration command.

[0034] 2. Customer Calibration Mark: bMotorZoreCalFlag

[0035] - `0`: Do not perform calibration.

[0036] - `1`: Perform calibration.

[0037] Calibration fault flag: Zero_Cali_FaultFlag

[0038] - `0`: No calibration failure.

[0039] - `1`: A calibration failure exists.

[0040] 3. Calibration process:

[0041] - Enter ready mode to begin the calibration process.

[0042] - Set the customer calibration completion flag: Cal_overtimeFlag

[0043] - `0`: Calibration not completed.

[0044] - `1`: Calibration is complete.

[0045] - Client request to write to EEPROM flag: write_eeprom; write_eeprom controls whether to write to EEPROM.

[0046] - `0`: Not written.

[0047] - `1`: Write.

[0048] 4. Calibration status assessment:

[0049] - If Zero_Cali_FaultFlag is `0`, then calibration is performed.

[0050] - Customer calibration status: state, an even number indicates calibration is in progress, and an odd number indicates electrical angle rotation is in progress.

[0051] 5. Electrical angle rotation detection:

[0052] - Monitor whether the electrical angle rotation is within the effective range (e.g., >360° * 0.98, 180° * 0.8 < electrical angle rotation <180° * 0.85 and actual perceived angle rotation <180° * 0.7).

[0053] - If an abnormal rotation value is detected, Zero_Cali_FaultFlag is set to `1`, and the calibration ends.

[0054] 6. Calibration duration control:

[0055] - When state is an even number, the calibration timing begins and state is reset to zero.

[0056] - The calibration time must be completed within 0 < calibration time < 5 seconds.

[0057] - If the calibration duration is greater than or equal to 5 seconds, reset the timer and record the subscript value state++ for the state / 2th time.

[0058] 7. Calibration completion judgment:

[0059] - Determine whether five calibrations have been completed and calculate the average of the five calibration values.

[0060] - If the maximum subscript value is greater than 15°, it is considered a calibration failure. Set Zero_Cali_FaultFlag to `1` and the calibration ends.

[0061] - If there is no fault, calculate the average of the 5 calibration values ​​as the subscript value, set write_eeprom to `1`, and end the calibration.

[0062] The following points should be noted:

[0063] - During calibration, ensure that all flags are set correctly to avoid erroneous execution.

[0064] - After calibration, a write operation should be performed on the EEPROM to save the calibration results.

[0065] Through the above steps, the software controls each pair of poles of the motor to rotate sequentially. Within one calibration cycle, each of the five pole pairs rotates once. The sensor records the electrical angle deviation of each pole pair, and the average of the five measurements is taken as the output. This enables effective management and execution of the permanent magnet synchronous motor to achieve zero position accuracy. Correctly determining the relative positional relationship between the motor rotor and the reference point ensures stable and normal motor operation, improving performance and extending service life.

[0066] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

[0067] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. The present invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: The device includes a motor and a control module. The motor includes a shaft with a magnet on it and a PCB board located in front of the magnet. The PCB board has a sensor electrically connected to the control module. The sensor is used to detect changes in the magnetic field parallel to its package surface, enabling the motor to obtain complete position information of the shaft in real time. This allows the motor's electrical zero position to coincide with the position of the three-phase AC windings, thereby enabling the motor to achieve zero-position accuracy calibration.

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The giant magnetoresistive sensing region at the center of the sensor corresponds to the center of the magnet.

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The sensor is a 360° angle sensor.

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