Maintenance structure for downstream face of diaphragm wall structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a maintenance structure for a downstream face of an underground diaphragm wall structure, and belongs to the technical field of underground construction engineering leakage water treatment. The maintenance structure comprises an underground diaphragm wall structure, an upstream face double-layer grouting waterproof curtain of the underground diaphragm wall structure, an underground diaphragm wall deep grouting layer, a downstream face waterproof mortar layer of the underground diaphragm wall structure, a waterproof grouting material layer, a waterproof coating layer and a cement pressure plate layer. Four waterproof fortification including the double-layer grouting waterproof curtain layer, the downstream face waterproof mortar layer, the waterproof grouting material layer and the corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating layer is adopted, the waterproof effect of the basement is guaranteed in multiple directions, and especially the waterproof effect of the basement used in high-end application scenes such as clubs and office buildings is guaranteed; the maintenance structure does not need to use an existing partition drainage ditch, so that no space is used for accumulating dirty water in the wall, space is saved, and safety and cleanness are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of water leakage control technology in underground building engineering, and in particular to a maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall structure. Background Technology

[0002] Many existing basement exterior walls are constructed as follows: diaphragm walls also serve as structural walls, with internal masonry partition walls, and drainage ditches between the diaphragm walls and the masonry walls. Because the diaphragm walls in this structure are cast in the soil and are merely an enclosure structure, they inevitably suffer from quality defects such as honeycomb texture, pitting, and soil inclusions. Furthermore, since the diaphragm walls are not cast simultaneously with the basement floor and roof slabs, leaks are highly likely. Therefore, this type of basement exterior wall construction often presents significant risks of water seepage, leading to problems such as basement leakage, mold, high humidity, and excessive levels of harmful gases, and is also highly difficult to repair.

[0003] To address the water leakage problem in the aforementioned structures, existing technologies generally focus on drainage, supplemented by shallow grouting. However, this method offers limited improvement in air quality, waterproofing, moisture-proofing, and mildew prevention. It is not suitable for high-end basements where air quality, waterproofing, moisture-proofing, and mildew prevention are extremely critical and further drainage is not permitted, such as basements used in clubs, hotels, or office spaces.

[0004] In addition, the existing partition wall drainage ditches have the following problems:

[0005] (1) Drainage partition walls occupy a large space, which is not cost-effective in cities where land is scarce.

[0006] (2) Mold can easily grow and dirty water can accumulate inside the partition wall. In addition, animals such as rats can easily hide and move around.

[0007] (3) Due to the special nature of underground, radioactive gases, such as radon, enter the room along with groundwater, which seriously affects the living environment of the basement.

[0008] (4) Since the existing partition wall drainage ditch has no waterproof layer, once the drainage is blocked, groundwater will accumulate inside the wall and it will still be easy to leak.

[0009] (5) Since the water collection well is indoors, the indoor humidity is high, and the fresh air system needs to be turned on for a long time to dehumidify, thus increasing the cost of living. Utility Model Content

[0010] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall structure to obtain a basement that can eliminate the risk of leakage, save space and is safe and clean. It is suitable as a basement exterior wall without reinforced concrete structure.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution.

[0012] This application provides a maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall structure, including the diaphragm wall structure, a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure, a deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall, a waterproof mortar layer on the backwater side of the diaphragm wall structure, a waterproof grouting material layer, a waterproof coating layer, and a cement pressure board layer; wherein...

[0013] The diaphragm wall structure includes diaphragm walls, beams and slabs, a base slab, and columns;

[0014] The double-layer grouting water-stop curtain includes an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain and an acrylate grouting water-stop curtain;

[0015] The deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall includes grouting material injected into grouting holes formed by drilling holes in the diaphragm wall and a sealing agent used to seal the grouting holes;

[0016] The waterproof mortar layer, waterproof grout layer, waterproof coating layer and cement pressure board layer on the back side of the diaphragm wall structure are sequentially arranged on the back side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0017] The backwater waterproof mortar layer includes waterproof mortar and pre-embedded grouting pipes and grouting conduits;

[0018] The waterproof grout layer includes the wall formed by the waterproof grout, the embedded steel mesh support and the steel mesh of the inner lining;

[0019] The waterproof coating layer is applied to the water-facing side of the cement pressure board layer;

[0020] The cement pressure board layer includes cement pressure boards, waterproof coating at the joints of cement pressure boards, angle steel fasteners, and waterproof grout.

[0021] The repair structure for the backwater side of the diaphragm wall provided in this application includes four layers of waterproofing: a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain layer, a backwater waterproof mortar layer, a waterproof grouting material layer, and a waterproof coating layer (e.g., a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating layer). This multi-faceted approach ensures the waterproofing effect of basements using this structure, especially for basements used in high-end applications such as clubhouses and office buildings. The double-layer grouting water-stop curtain includes an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain and an acrylic grouting water-stop curtain. When they intersect, the inorganic grouting water-stop curtain effectively seals large leaks, while the acrylic grouting water-stop curtain forms a complete waterproof layer outside the inorganic grouting water-stop curtain, thus effectively enhancing the waterproofing effect.

[0022] As an optional implementation, the inorganic grouting material includes cement, water glass, and special waterproofing materials.

[0023] In this application, the cement-water glass can be a commercially available grouting material conventional in the art, wherein a waterproofing agent is added to form the inorganic grouting material described in this application. The waterproofing agent can be a conventional waterproofing agent in the art.

[0024] As an optional embodiment, the acrylate grout comprises two components, A and B, with a volume ratio of A to B of 1:0.8 to 1.2 (e.g., 1:1).

[0025] In this application, the acrylate grouting material is a conventional grouting material in the art. For example, in the acrylate grouting material, component A includes components A1 and A2, and component B includes components B1 and B2, wherein A1 is acrylate resin, A2 is an accelerator, B1 is acrylic emulsion, and B2 is an initiator. All components A2 are added to component A1 and stirred evenly to form component A; all components B2 are added to component B1 and stirred evenly to form component B; components A and B are mixed and grouted at a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0026] As an optional implementation, the grouting material in the deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall includes a penetrating epoxy resin grouting material, which is used to seal and reinforce defects such as cracks in the structural concrete.

[0027] As an optional implementation, the sealing agent in the deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall includes at least one of polymer waterproof mortar, epoxy mortar, and leak-stopping compound.

[0028] As an optional implementation, the waterproof mortar layer on the back side includes at least one of polymer cement waterproof mortar and waterproof mortar mixed with waterproofing agent, which has an anti-seepage effect and improves the impermeability of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0029] In this application, the waterproofing agent in the waterproof mortar with added waterproofing agent is not specifically limited, and conventional waterproofing agents in the art can be used.

[0030] As an optional implementation, in the waterproof mortar layer on the back side, the pre-embedded grouting pipe is parallel to the wall surface of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0031] As an optional implementation, the pre-embedded grouting pipe in the backwater waterproof mortar layer includes a stainless steel grouting pipe.

[0032] In this application, the thickness of the waterproof mortar layer on the back side can be selected according to actual needs.

[0033] As an optional implementation, the thickness of the waterproof mortar layer on the back side is 0.5 to 1.5 cm (e.g., 1 cm).

[0034] As an optional implementation, the waterproof grouting material layer or the cement pressure plate layer includes cement, mortar, epoxy resin, polyurea and waterproof coating.

[0035] In this application, the main components of the waterproof grout are cement and mortar, supplemented with epoxy resin, polyurea, waterproofing agent, etc. The material is fine-grained, without coarse aggregate, eliminating vibration issues. Compared to concrete, it can better fill and compact cavities. Furthermore, the bottom-up pouring method ensures thorough coverage, avoiding the problem of not being able to pour the top of the wall during concrete pouring. The waterproof grout has high strength. In addition, the waterproof grout is waterproof, further ensuring the waterproof safety of the joints between the waterproof grout layer and the cement pressure board layer.

[0036] As an optional implementation, the waterproof grouting material includes a penetrating epoxy resin.

[0037] In this application, the thickness of the waterproof grout layer can be selected according to actual needs.

[0038] As an optional implementation, the thickness of the waterproof grout layer is ≥5cm.

[0039] As an optional implementation, the waterproof coating layer includes a waterproof coating, wherein the waterproof coating is a flexible waterproof coating.

[0040] As an optional implementation, the flexible waterproof coating is a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating.

[0041] As an optional implementation, the corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating includes at least one of polyurea waterproof coating and high-strength polyurethane waterproof coating; or the same waterproof coating as that used in the waterproof grout layer is used.

[0042] In this application, the waterproof coating in the waterproof coating layer can bond with the waterproof grout in the waterproof grout layer to form an integral whole, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the waterproof layer on the water-facing side of the wall. For example, pure polyurea waterproof coating, high-strength polyurethane waterproof coating, etc., can be used, or the materials added to the grout can be the same, compatible and firmly bonded.

[0043] As an optional embodiment, the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 to 2.0 mm (e.g., 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm).

[0044] As an optional implementation, in the cement pressure board layer, the joints of the cement pressure boards adopt a tongue and groove joint, with the outside fitting but the inside not.

[0045] As an optional implementation, the angle steel fastener includes an angle steel and a fixing nail.

[0046] As an optional implementation, the cement pressure plate at the angle steel fixing point is made thinner to ensure the flatness of the plane after the angle steel is installed.

[0047] As an optional implementation, in the cement pressure board layer, the thickness of the cement pressure board at the angle steel fixing point is more than 5mm thinner than the overall thickness of the cement pressure board layer, so that the angle steel does not protrude after fixing.

[0048] For example, the total thickness of the cement pressure board layer is ≥2cm, and the thickness of the cement pressure board at the angle steel fixing point is made thinner so that it is recessed by more than 5mm to ensure the flatness of the plane after the angle steel is installed.

[0049] As an optional implementation, the surface of the angle steel fastener is coated with a waterproof coating, such as a flexible waterproof coating.

[0050] As an optional implementation, the cement pressure board is made of high-strength cement pressure board.

[0051] As an optional implementation, in the waterproof mortar layer on the back side, the pre-embedded grouting pipe and grouting conduit are used to inject grouting material through the pre-embedded grouting pipe to seal the seepage cracks when the waterproof grouting material layer has finally set and water seepage occurs after the formwork is removed, or when water seepage occurs during the use of the maintenance structure on the back side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0052] As an optional implementation, the grouting pipe and grouting conduit in the waterproof mortar layer on the back side may contain grouting material. The grouting material can expand into a foam when it comes into contact with water and become an elastic resin when it is dry, which can effectively seal the seepage cracks.

[0053] As an alternative embodiment, the grouting material comprises a two-component elastomer polyurethane.

[0054] The repair structure for the backwater side of the diaphragm wall provided in this application utilizes a high-strength waterproof grout (mainly composed of cement and mortar, supplemented with epoxy resin, polyurea, waterproofing agent, etc.) that is perfectly bonded to a flexible waterproof coating, forming a unified whole. Simultaneously, the fluidity of the high-strength waterproof grout effectively fills the gaps between the diaphragm wall and columns, beams, slabs, and base slabs, forming a complete and closed waterproof layer on the water-facing side, integrated with the flexible waterproof coating. This high-strength waterproof wall formed by the high-strength waterproof grout can replace newly constructed reinforced concrete exterior walls, saving space and avoiding the difficulties of pouring concrete.

[0055] The maintenance structure for the backwater side of the diaphragm wall provided in this application uses a cement pressure board with a flexible waterproof layer attached to the template, so that the flexible waterproof layer becomes the water-facing waterproof layer of the cement pressure board. At the same time, the waterproof layer is perfectly bonded to the grouting wall to form the backwater waterproof layer of the grouting wall, thus having multiple functions, including water pressure resistance, waterproofing, mildew prevention, and moisture prevention.

[0056] The repair structure for the backwater side of the diaphragm wall provided in this application uses cement pressure board as the inner lining, providing a base layer for interior decoration, eliminating the need for release agents and inner moisture-proof layers. The joints of the cement pressure board use a tongue-and-groove joint, with the outside but not the inside, ensuring both the continuity of the waterproof coating and the leak-proof, dense, and continuous grouting. The pressure board at the angle steel fixing point is made at least 5mm thinner, but the total thickness must still be ≥15mm to prevent cracking during grouting if it is too thin, while also allowing the surface to be smoothed after the angle steel is fixed, without affecting subsequent decoration.

[0057] This application also provides a construction method for the maintenance structure of the backwater surface of the above-mentioned diaphragm wall structure, including the following steps:

[0058] (1) Remove the interior partition walls and drainage ditches of the basement, and clean up the remaining structural components;

[0059] (2) Curtain grouting includes the following steps:

[0060] Inorganic grout and acrylate grout are injected sequentially onto the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall to obtain a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain;

[0061] (3) Deep grouting of diaphragm walls includes the following steps:

[0062] After the acrylic grouting water-stop curtain obtained in step (2) has no visible water leakage, holes are drilled vertically to the wall around the original leakage part. Holes are drilled parallel to the wall at the junction of the diaphragm wall structure including columns, beams, slabs and base plates to obtain grouting holes. Grouting material is injected through the grouting holes for sealing and reinforcement. After grouting is completed, if there is no leakage, the grouting needle is knocked off, the overflowing grout is cleaned up, and the grouting holes are sealed and smoothed with a sealing agent to obtain the deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall.

[0063] (4) Pre-embedded grouting pipes and grouting conduits, including the following steps:

[0064] Pre-embed grouting pipes and grouting conduits around the perimeter of the diaphragm wall structure, excluding the diaphragm wall itself, and expose the grouting conduits.

[0065] (5) Embedded steel mesh support;

[0066] (6) Apply a layer of backwater waterproof mortar to the overall structure behind the pre-embedded steel mesh support using polymer cement waterproof mortar to obtain a backwater waterproof mortar layer.

[0067] (7) Install the steel mesh;

[0068] (8) Install cement pressure boards with a waterproof coating layer, including the following steps:

[0069] Before installing the cement pressure board, spray a waterproof coating on the water-facing side of the cement pressure board.

[0070] When installing and fixing the cement pressure board, support the formwork on one side, with the side of the cement pressure board containing the waterproof coating layer facing the waterproof mortar layer, and fix it with angle steel. Leave a gap for grouting material (or grouting wall) in the middle so that the formwork is attached to (for example, tightly attached to) the cement pressure board.

[0071] (9) Injecting high-strength cement waterproof grout, including the following steps;

[0072] Insert the grouting pipe into the grouting material gap reserved in step (8), and inject the grouting material from bottom to top, so that the grouting material and the steel mesh support and steel mesh located in the grouting material gap form a wall, that is, a high-strength cement waterproof grouting material layer.

[0073] In this application, structural components refer to diaphragm wall structures, including diaphragm walls, beams, slabs, base slabs, and columns. Construction workers enhance the waterproofing effect of the diaphragm wall and eliminate surface water leakage by grouting the soil behind it from the interior (i.e., the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall) to form a water-stop curtain.

[0074] As an optional implementation, step (2) also includes thickening the curtain grout at the junction of the bottom of the diaphragm wall and the floor slab and base plate to ensure the waterproofing effect at that location.

[0075] As an optional implementation, step (2) of the inorganic grouting material (including cement-water glass grouting material and waterproofing material (e.g., special waterproofing material)) grouting includes the following steps:

[0076] (211) Determine the depth, spacing, and arrangement of the grouting holes, specifically including the following steps:

[0077] By collecting and determining data such as the structural waterproofing design and structural slab thickness through design drawings and construction records, the drilling depth (drilling depth penetrates the structural slab wall) and drilling angle (especially for expansion joints and other areas with embedded waterstops, the drilling should avoid the waterstop by drilling obliquely to the cavity behind the waterstop to avoid damaging the waterstop) are determined, and appropriate lengths of drill rods and grouting rods are selected.

[0078] (212) Drill holes at the leakage points and install grouting rods. Use special grouting rods with ball valves to effectively prevent water and sand from gushing in after drilling and before grouting.

[0079] (213) Prepare the grouting liquid according to the design composition, install the grouting pipe, and grout the leakage point. After grouting until there is no more water or mud overflowing, and the grouting pressure and flow rate reach the set values, stop grouting; observe and, if necessary, perform secondary grouting reinforcement.

[0080] (214) After grouting is completed, the grouting rod is cut off and the grouting hole is sealed with a waterproof sealant (e.g., waterproof sealant, micro-expansion waterproof mortar, etc.) to obtain an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain set on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0081] As an optional implementation, step (2) of acrylate grouting includes the following steps:

[0082] (221) Arrange quincunx-shaped curtain grouting drilling points around the junction of the diaphragm wall and the beam, column, and base slab, and in the middle of the diaphragm wall. Arrange grouting holes along the bottom of the beam and slab, the side of the column, and the middle of the leakage points.

[0083] (222) Grouting construction of acrylate grouting material includes the following steps:

[0084] Prepare the grouting material; grout; after grouting, observe whether there is leakage at the seepage point; if there is still leakage, perform secondary grouting or increase the density of grouting holes and grout at the seepage point; if there is no leakage, clean up the overflowing grouting material, remove the exposed grouting needle (or grouting nozzle), seal the grouting hole with a leak-stopping agent, compact and smooth it to obtain an acrylate grouting water-stopping curtain.

[0085] As an optional implementation, in step (221), the interval between the curtain grouting drilling points is 1-2m; the interval between the grouting holes is 1.5m; the drilling depth is greater than or equal to the thickness of the diaphragm wall, and the hole diameter is less than or equal to 2cm (i.e., the hole diameter is not greater than 2cm).

[0086] As an optional implementation, in step (221), the grouting hole is flushed with water before grouting.

[0087] As an optional implementation, step (222) includes the following steps: mixing components A and B of the high-strength acrylate grouting material at a volume ratio of 1:1 using a two-liquid high-pressure grouting machine to prepare the grouting material.

[0088] As an optional implementation, in step (3), holes are drilled vertically to the wall within a range of not less than 500mm around the original leakage part, and holes are drilled parallel to the wall at the junction of the diaphragm wall structure including columns, beams, slabs and base plates to obtain grouting holes.

[0089] As an optional implementation, in step (3), the depth of the grouting holes is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the diaphragm wall structure, and the spacing is 250mm to 300mm.

[0090] In this application, holes are drilled vertically around the original leaking part of the wall, and parallel to the wall surface at the junction of the diaphragm wall structure including columns, beams, slabs and base slabs to obtain grouting holes. Grouting material is then injected through the grouting holes to seal and reinforce the interior of the diaphragm wall. That is, the gaps in the diaphragm wall that are not dense and prone to water leakage due to the presence of gravel and soil in the prior art are sealed to form a solid wall.

[0091] As an optional implementation, in step (4), the diaphragm wall structure other than the diaphragm wall includes the bottom of the beam slab, the top of the base slab, and the column.

[0092] As an alternative implementation, the pre-embedded grouting pipes are laid flat along the perimeter of the bottom of the beam slab and the top of the base slab, parallel to the wall surface of the diaphragm wall.

[0093] As an optional implementation, step (4) further includes the following steps:

[0094] Before pre-embedding the grouting pipes and grouting conduits, the surface of the diaphragm wall is flushed with high pressure to remove any exposed attachments on the inner wall surface and the surface of the reinforcing steel bars.

[0095] As an optional implementation, in step (5), the length of the exposed steel bar head is at least half the thickness of the grouting material plus the thickness of the waterproof mortar (i.e., the length of the exposed steel bar head ≥ the thickness of the grouting material / 2 + the thickness of the waterproof mortar) to ensure that the steel mesh is installed in the middle of the grouting wall section.

[0096] As an optional implementation, in step (6), the waterproof mortar on the back side includes either polymer cement waterproof mortar or waterproof mortar mixed with waterproofing agent, which has a water-stopping effect and improves the impermeability of the diaphragm wall.

[0097] As an optional implementation, in step (8), the joints of the cement pressure boards are butt-jointed. A pure polyurea waterproof coating is applied to the recess on one side of the joint (or seam or splice), while only half the thickness is applied to the other side (i.e., applied to the vertical surface, or only to the vertical surface perpendicular to the cement pressure board plane). This waterproof coating can bond seamlessly with the subsequently poured high-strength waterproof grout, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the waterproof layer on the water-facing side of the grouting wall.

[0098] This application uses a cement pressure board to first spray a flexible waterproof layer, and then attach it to the template. This makes the waterproof layer the water-facing waterproof layer of the cement pressure board, while also perfectly bonding with the grouting wall to form the water-repellent waterproof layer of the grouting wall. It has multiple functions, being both water-resistant and waterproof, mildew-proof and moisture-proof.

[0099] As an optional implementation, in step (8), angle steel fixing grooves are reserved on both sides of the T-shaped joint of the cement pressure board and the tongue and groove joint. Special angle steel fasteners (including angle steel and fixing nails) are used to fix the cement pressure board to the wall at the grooves, leaving gaps for grouting material during fixing. The angle steel and fixing nails need to be coated with flexible waterproof coating in advance. In this embodiment, pure polyurea waterproof coating is used.

[0100] As an optional implementation, in step (8), when installing and fixing the cement pressure plate, grouting holes are reserved every 1m at the top of the template for inserting grouting pipes into the gaps of the grouting material and injecting grouting material.

[0101] In this application, the grouting pipe extends into the bottom of the grouting material voids through the grouting hole, and grouting material is injected from bottom to top while being extracted and injected simultaneously, until it is completely removed. The reinforcing mesh is located in the grouting material voids. When the grouting material voids are filled with grout, a wall is formed, that is, a waterproof grouting material layer, with a thickness of not less than 5cm.

[0102] As an optional implementation, in step (8), the grouting pipe is a flexible hose.

[0103] As an optional implementation, in step (8), when applying waterproof coating to the back of the cement pressure board, the coating method includes at least one of spraying, rolling and brushing.

[0104] As an optional implementation, in step (8), the waterproof coating is a flexible waterproof coating; the flexible waterproof coating includes at least one of polyurea waterproof coating and high-strength polyurethane waterproof coating. The flexible waterproof coating has corrosion resistance.

[0105] In this application, the waterproof coating can bond with the subsequently poured high-strength waterproof grout (i.e., the high-strength waterproof grout injected later) to form an integral whole, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the waterproof layer on the water-facing side of the grouting wall. For example, the waterproof coating can be a pure polyurea waterproof coating, a high-strength polyurethane waterproof coating, etc., which are homogeneous with the materials added to the grout, are compatible, and bond firmly.

[0106] In this application, in step (9), the grouting pipe is inserted into the grouting material gap reserved in step (8), and high-strength cement waterproof grouting material is poured from bottom to top, so that the grouting material and the steel mesh support and steel mesh located in the grouting material gap form a wall, that is, a waterproof grouting material layer (or a high-strength cement waterproof grouting material layer); its thickness is not less than 5cm, that is, the wall of the thinnest grouting material layer is 5cm thick. Among them, the main components of high-strength cement waterproof grouting material are cement and mortar, with epoxy resin, polyurea, waterproofing agent, etc. The material is fine and has no coarse aggregate, so there will be no vibration problem. Compared with conventional concrete, it can better fill and compact the cavity. At the same time, the bottom-up pouring method can cover all surfaces and avoid the problem that the top of the wall cannot be poured when pouring concrete. In addition, high-strength cement waterproof grouting material has waterproof properties, which further ensures the waterproof safety here.

[0107] As an optional implementation, the construction method further includes grouting through pre-embedded grouting conduits and grouting pipes, specifically including the following steps:

[0108] After the wall formed by the waterproof grout has completely set, remove the formwork and observe whether there is still water seepage. If there is still water seepage around the perimeter or leakage occurs during later use, grout can be injected along the pre-embedded grouting pipe. Two-component elastomer polyurethane grout can be selected. This grout can expand into a foam when it comes into contact with water and become an elastic resin when there is no water, which can effectively seal water seepage cracks.

[0109] In this application, the above-mentioned technical features can be freely combined to form new technical solutions, provided that they do not conflict with each other.

[0110] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0111] (1) The maintenance structure of the back water surface of the diaphragm wall structure provided in this application adopts four layers of waterproof protection: double-layer grouting water-stop curtain layer, back water surface waterproof mortar layer, waterproof grouting material layer and corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating layer, which ensures the waterproof effect of the basement in multiple ways, especially the waterproof effect of the basement used in high-end application scenarios such as clubhouses and office buildings.

[0112] (2) The maintenance structure of the back water side of the diaphragm wall structure of this application does not require the use of the existing partition wall drainage ditch, so there is no space inside the wall to accumulate dirty water, saving space and being safe and clean.

[0113] (3) This application adds a waterproof layer on the back side and a waterproof layer on the front side to the diaphragm wall structure, and sets at least one flexible waterproof layer, which can eliminate the risk of leakage; in addition, the waterproof layer can isolate toxic gases and ensure the air quality safety of the basement; the maintenance structure has the same lifespan as the building, protects the diaphragm wall steel bars to reduce corrosion, and improves structural safety.

[0114] (4) In the maintenance structure of the back water surface of the diaphragm wall structure provided in this application, the pre-embedded grouting pipe can further repair the gap between the diaphragm wall and the column, beam, slab and bottom plate. This is a weak point in waterproofing. If leakage occurs, it can also be used for maintenance grouting. One pipe has multiple uses.

[0115] (5) In this application, double-layer curtain grouting is used. First, inorganic grouting material is injected into the diaphragm wall structure with a special grouting rod with a ball valve to solidify the mud and sand and seal large leaks. Then, high-elastic acrylate grouting liquid is used for wall grouting to form a rubber-like gel curtain on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure, which repairs (or recreates) the flexible waterproof layer on the water-facing side and serves as a new waterproof layer. Attached Figure Description

[0116] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the backwater surface maintenance structure of a diaphragm wall structure according to this application;

[0117] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of interface A in the middle;

[0118] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cement pressure board joint and waterproofing structure used as an inner lining.

[0119] Figure 4 A plan view of the fixing structure at the T-joint of the cement pressure board;

[0120] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the fixing structure at the T-joint of the cement pressure board.

[0121] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Double-layer grouting water-stop curtain, 2-Deep grouting layer of diaphragm wall, 3-Waterproof mortar layer on the back side, 4-Waterproof grouting material layer, 5-Waterproof coating layer, 6-Cement pressure board layer, 7-Pre-embedded grouting pipe, 8-Steel mesh support, 9-Steel mesh, 10-Angle steel. Detailed Implementation

[0122] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0123] Experimental methods in the following examples that do not specify specific conditions are generally performed according to national standards. If no corresponding national standard exists, they are performed according to generally accepted international standards, standard conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments, and equipment used in this application are commercially available or can be prepared using existing methods.

[0124] Some embodiments of this application provide a maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall structure, including the diaphragm wall structure, a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain 1 on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure, a deep grouting layer 2 of the diaphragm wall, a waterproof mortar layer 3 on the backwater side of the diaphragm wall structure, a waterproof grouting material layer 4, a waterproof coating layer 5, and a cement pressure board layer 6; wherein...

[0125] A diaphragm wall structure includes diaphragm walls, beams and slabs, a base slab, and columns;

[0126] The double-layer grouting water-stop curtain 1 includes an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain and an acrylate grouting water-stop curtain;

[0127] The deep grouting layer 2 of the diaphragm wall includes grouting material injected into grouting holes formed by drilling in the diaphragm wall and a sealing agent used to seal the grouting holes;

[0128] The backwater waterproof mortar layer 3, the waterproof grouting material layer 4, the waterproof coating layer 5, and the cement pressure board layer 6 are sequentially installed on the backwater side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0129] The waterproof mortar layer 3 on the back side includes waterproof mortar and pre-embedded grouting pipe 7 and grouting conduit (not shown);

[0130] The waterproof grouting layer 4 includes waterproof grouting material, an embedded steel mesh support 8 and a steel mesh 9 for the inner lining;

[0131] Waterproof coating layer 5 is applied to the water-facing side of cement pressure board layer 6;

[0132] The cement pressure board layer 6 includes cement pressure boards, waterproof coating 5 at the joints of cement pressure boards, angle steel fasteners 10, and waterproof grouting material.

[0133] In some embodiments, the thickness of the waterproof mortar layer on the back side is 0.5 to 1.5 cm (e.g., 0.8 cm, 1 cm, or 1.2 cm).

[0134] In some embodiments, the waterproof grouting material includes cement, mortar, epoxy resin, polyurea, and waterproof coating.

[0135] In some embodiments, the thickness of the waterproof grout layer is ≥5cm.

[0136] In some embodiments, the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 to 2.0 mm (e.g., 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm).

[0137] In some embodiments, the cement pressure board layer has a butt joint at the joint, with the outside fitting together but the inside not.

[0138] In some embodiments, the angle steel fastener includes an angle steel and a fixing nail.

[0139] In some embodiments, the cement pressure plate at the angle steel fixing point is made thinner to ensure the flatness of the plane after the angle steel is installed. For example, the total thickness of the cement pressure plate layer is ≥2mm, and the thickness of the cement pressure plate at the angle steel fixing point is made thinner so that it is recessed by more than 5mm to ensure the flatness of the plane after the angle steel is installed.

[0140] In some embodiments, the surface of the angle steel fastener is coated with a waterproof coating, such as a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating.

[0141] Example 1

[0142] A maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a diaphragm wall structure, a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain 1 on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure, a deep grouting layer 2 on the diaphragm wall, a waterproof mortar layer 3 on the water-retaining side of the diaphragm wall structure, a waterproof grouting material layer 4, a waterproof coating layer 5, and a cement pressure board layer 6; among which,

[0143] A diaphragm wall structure includes diaphragm walls, beams and slabs, a base slab, and columns;

[0144] The double-layer grouting water-stop curtain 1 includes an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain and an acrylate grouting water-stop curtain that intersect together. The inorganic grouting water-stop curtain is used to seal large leaks, while the acrylate grouting water-stop curtain forms an integral waterproof layer on its outer side, thereby effectively improving the waterproofing effect.

[0145] The deep grouting layer 2 of the diaphragm wall includes a penetrating epoxy resin grouting material injected into the grouting holes formed by drilling holes in the diaphragm wall and a polymer waterproof mortar or epoxy mortar sealant used to seal the grouting holes;

[0146] The backwater waterproof mortar layer 3, the waterproof grouting material layer 4, the corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating layer 5, and the high-strength cement pressure board 6 are sequentially installed on the backwater side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0147] The backwater waterproof mortar layer 3 includes high-strength waterproof mortar and pre-embedded stainless steel grouting pipe 7 and grouting conduit;

[0148] The waterproof grouting layer 4 includes high-strength waterproof grouting material, an embedded steel mesh support 8 and a steel mesh 9 for the inner lining;

[0149] The waterproof coating layer 5 is formed by applying a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating to the water-facing side of the cement pressure board layer, such as... Figure 3 As shown; the thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5 mm;

[0150] The cement pressure board layer 6 includes a cement pressure board (thickness greater than or equal to 2cm) and a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating at the joints of the cement pressure board (such as...). Figure 3 (as shown), angle steel fastener 10 (as shown) Figure 4 As shown and Figure 5 (as shown) and high-strength waterproof grouting material; wherein, the angle steel fastener 10 includes angle steel (thickness of 3mm) and fastening nails, and its surface is coated with a corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating.

[0151] The construction method for the maintenance structure of the backwater side of the aforementioned diaphragm wall structure includes the following steps:

[0152] Step S1: Remove the interior partition walls and drainage ditches of the basement, leaving only structural components such as diaphragm walls, beams, slabs, columns, etc., and clean them thoroughly.

[0153] Step S2: Curtain grouting, including the following steps: Inorganic grouting material is injected sequentially onto the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall (i.e., the outer side of the diaphragm wall) (step S21) followed by acrylic grouting material injection (step S22), resulting in a double-layer grouting water-stop curtain; simultaneously, the grouting is thickened at the junction of the diaphragm wall bottom and the beam / slab / base slab to create a thickened double-layer grouting water-stop curtain. Specifically, the waterproofing effect of the diaphragm wall is enhanced by consolidating the soil behind it to form a water-stop curtain, eliminating surface water leakage. The curtain needs to be thickened at the junction of the wall bottom and the floor / base slab / base slab to ensure waterproofing at that location.

[0154] Specifically, step S21: Inorganic grouting (including cement-water glass grouting and special waterproofing materials) includes the following steps.

[0155] Step S211: Determine the depth, spacing, and arrangement of grouting holes: Collect and determine data such as the structural waterproofing design and structural slab thickness through design drawings and construction records, thereby determining the drilling depth (drilling depth penetrates the structural slab wall), drilling angle (especially for expansion joints and other areas with embedded waterstops, the drilling should avoid the waterstop by drilling obliquely to the cavity behind the waterstop to avoid damaging the waterstop), and select appropriate lengths of drill rods and grouting rods.

[0156] Step S212: Drill holes at the leakage points and install grouting rods. Use special grouting rods with ball valves to effectively prevent water and sand from gushing in after drilling and before grouting.

[0157] Step S213: Prepare the grouting fluid according to the design composition. After the grouting machine is debugged and qualified, install the grouting pipe and grout the leakage point. Grout until there is no standing water or mud overflowing, and the grouting pressure and flow rate reach the set values, then stop grouting; observe and perform secondary grouting reinforcement if necessary.

[0158] Step S214: After grouting is completed, the grouting rod is cut off, and the grouting hole is sealed with a waterproof sealant (e.g., at least one of waterproof sealant, micro-expansion waterproof mortar, etc.) to obtain an inorganic grouting water-stop curtain set on the water-facing side of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0159] Step S22: The grouting construction method of acrylate grouting material includes the following steps.

[0160] Step S221: On the water-facing side of the inorganic grouting water-stop curtain obtained in step S214, grouting drilling points are evenly arranged in a quincunx pattern every 1-2 meters along the junction of the diaphragm wall and beams, columns, and base plate, and in the middle of the wall. Grouting holes are arranged every 1.5 meters along the bottom of the beam, the side of the column, and the middle of the leakage area. The drilling depth is greater than or equal to the thickness of the diaphragm wall, and the hole diameter is less than or equal to 2 cm. The grouting holes are flushed with water before grouting.

[0161] Step S222: Grouting construction (including observation and secondary grouting): Grouting material preparation. According to the construction dosage, the two components A and B of the high-strength acrylate grouting material are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1 using a two-liquid high-pressure grouting machine. Before construction, the inner wall of the grouting machine should be dry and free of contaminants.

[0162] Step S223: After grouting is completed, check for water seepage at the leakage points 72 hours later. If water seepage still occurs, secondary grouting should be performed or the grouting holes at the re-leaking points should be densified and grouted until there is no obvious leakage on the surface of all concrete structures. If there is no water seepage and it is confirmed that there is no grout leakage, the overflowing grouting material can be cleaned up and removed, and the exposed grouting nozzles (or needles) can be removed. The grouting holes should be sealed, compacted, and smoothed with a sealing agent such as epoxy mortar or leak-stopping agent to finally obtain an acrylate grouting water-stopping curtain.

[0163] Step S3: Deep grouting of the diaphragm wall, including the following steps:

[0164] After the acrylate grouting water-stop curtain shows no visible water leakage in step S2, grouting holes are drilled within a range of no less than 500mm around the leakage points of the diaphragm wall structure. The depth of the grouting holes is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the thickness of the diaphragm wall structure, and the spacing is 250mm to 300mm. The grouting holes are filled with penetrating epoxy resin grouting material to seal and reinforce the concrete cracks and other defects of the diaphragm wall structure.

[0165] After grouting is completed, observe for 1 to 2 days. Once there is no leakage, remove the grouting needle and clean up any overflowing grout. Seal and smooth the grouting holes with polymer waterproof mortar or epoxy mortar to obtain the deep grouting layer 2 of the diaphragm wall.

[0166] Step S4: Pre-embed stainless steel grouting pipe 7 and grouting conduit, such as Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps include: high-pressure flushing of the diaphragm wall surface to remove exposed attachments on the inner wall surface and steel reinforcement surface of the diaphragm wall; pre-embedding stainless steel grouting pipes 7 and grouting conduits around the bottom of beams and slabs, the top of base slabs, columns, etc., of diaphragm wall structures other than the diaphragm wall, and exposing the grouting conduits.

[0167] Step S5: Embed the steel mesh support 8, as shown Figure 2 As shown, the exposed rebar ends are approximately 3.5cm long. Note that the length of the exposed rebar ends should be at least half the thickness of the grouting material plus the thickness of the waterproof mortar, ensuring that the rebar mesh 9 is installed in the middle of the grouting wall section.

[0168] Step S6: Apply a layer of backwater waterproof mortar to the entire structure using polymer cement waterproof mortar to obtain backwater waterproof mortar layer 3, with a thickness of approximately 1 cm.

[0169] Step S7: According to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The structure shown is equipped with steel mesh 9.

[0170] Step S8: Install the cement pressure board with a waterproof coating layer, including the following steps.

[0171] Before installing the cement pressure board, a 1.5mm thick layer of pure polyurea waterproof coating (i.e., corrosion-resistant flexible waterproof coating) is sprayed onto the back of the cement pressure board (i.e., the side that does not contact the aforementioned back-water waterproof mortar layer, or the water-facing side of the cement pressure board) to obtain a cement pressure board containing a waterproof coating layer 5.

[0172] The joints of the cement pressure boards use tongue-and-groove joints with a spacing of 1-3 cm. Figure 3 As shown, apply a full coat of pure polyurea waterproof coating to one side of the tongue-and-groove joint (or seam or splice), and only apply half the thickness to the other side. This waterproof coating can bond seamlessly with the subsequently poured high-strength waterproof grout, ensuring the continuity and integrity of the waterproof layer on the water-facing side of the grouting wall. Additionally, pre-drill angle steel fixing grooves on both sides of the T-shaped joint where the cement pressure board meets the tongue-and-groove joint. Use specialized angle steel fasteners (including angle steel 10 and fixing nails) to fix the cement pressure board to the wall in these grooves. Figure 4As shown, a gap for grouting material is reserved in the middle during fixing; specifically, according to the fixing position of the angle steel relative to the cement board pressure plate, the angle steel is fixed to the wall surface in advance to avoid the situation where the angle steel cannot be installed after the pre-embedded steel mesh support and steel mesh. The angle steel 10 and fixing nails need to be coated with flexible waterproof coating in advance; in this embodiment, pure polyurea waterproof coating is used. The total thickness of the high-strength cement pressure board is ≥2cm, and the cement pressure board at the angle steel fixing point is made thinner so that it is recessed by more than 5mm. Figure 5 As shown, this is to ensure the flatness of the plane after the angle steel construction is completed.

[0173] When installing and fixing the cement pressure board, support the formwork on one side, and place the side of the cement pressure board containing the waterproof coating layer 5 in contact with the waterproof mortar layer 3 on the back side, so that the cement pressure board is tightly attached to the formwork. In addition, grouting holes are reserved every 1m at the top of the formwork for inserting grouting pipes into the gaps of the grouting material and injecting grouting material.

[0174] Step S9: Inject high-strength cement waterproof grout, including the following steps;

[0175] The grouting pipe is inserted through the aforementioned grouting hole into the bottom of the grouting material void reserved in step S8. High-strength cement waterproof grout is injected from bottom to top through the grouting material void reserved when fixing the cement pressure plate into the reinforcing mesh support and reinforcing mesh sheet. The grouting pipe is pulled out while grouting continues, forming a wall with the grout and the reinforcing mesh support and reinforcing mesh sheet located in the grouting material void, resulting in a high-strength cement waterproof grout layer 4. The thinnest part of the grout layer is 5cm thick. The high-strength cement waterproof grout mainly consists of cement and mortar, supplemented with epoxy resin, polyurea, waterproofing agent, etc. The material is fine-grained, without coarse aggregate, eliminating vibration issues. Compared to conventional concrete, it can better fill and compact cavities. Furthermore, the bottom-up injection method ensures thorough coverage, avoiding the problem of not being able to pour the top of the wall during concrete pouring. The high-strength cement waterproof grout also has waterproof properties, further ensuring the waterproofing safety of this area.

[0176] Step S10: Grouting is performed through the pre-embedded grouting conduit and grouting pipe, including the following steps:

[0177] After the grout wall has fully set, remove the formwork and observe whether there is still water seepage. If there is still water seepage around the perimeter or leakage occurs during later use, grout can be injected along the pre-embedded grouting pipe. Two-component elastomer polyurethane grout can be selected. This grout can expand into a foam when it comes into contact with water and become an elastic resin when there is no water, which can effectively seal water seepage cracks.

[0178] Clean up the site and hand it over to the interior decoration company.

Claims

1. A maintenance structure for the backwater side of a diaphragm wall structure, characterized in that, The diaphragm wall structure comprises a diaphragm wall, a beam plate, a bottom plate, and a column. The double-layer grouting waterproof curtain (1) comprises an inorganic grouting waterproof curtain and an acrylic grouting waterproof curtain. The deep grouting layer (2) of the diaphragm wall comprises grouting materials filled in grouting holes drilled on the diaphragm wall and a plugging agent for plugging the grouting holes. The backwater surface waterproof mortar layer (3), the waterproof grouting material layer (4), the waterproof coating layer (5), and the cement pressure plate layer (6) are sequentially arranged on the backwater surface of the diaphragm wall structure. The backwater surface waterproof mortar layer (3) comprises waterproof mortar and pre-buried grouting pipes (7) and grouting pipes. The waterproof grouting material layer (4) comprises a wall formed by waterproof grouting material, an inner lining pre-buried steel mesh support (8), and a steel mesh (9). The waterproof coating layer (5) is coated on the water-facing surface of the cement pressure plate layer. The cement pressure plate layer (6) comprises a cement pressure plate, waterproof coating at the joint of the cement pressure plate, an angle steel fixing member, and waterproof grouting material.

2. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein In the double-layer grouting waterproof curtain, the inorganic grouting material in the inorganic grouting waterproof curtain comprises cement, water glass, and special waterproof material. In the double-layer grouting waterproof curtain, the acrylic grouting material in the acrylic grouting waterproof curtain comprises two components A and B, and the volume ratio of A to B is 1:0.8-1.

2.

3. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein In the deep grouting layer of the diaphragm wall, the grouting material comprises at least one of permeable epoxy grouting material, polymer waterproof mortar, epoxy mortar, and leak stopper. In the backwater surface waterproof mortar layer, the waterproof mortar comprises at least one of polymer cement waterproof mortar and waterproof mortar mixed with waterproof agent. In the waterproof grouting material layer or the cement pressure plate layer, the waterproof grouting material comprises cement, mortar, epoxy resin, polyurea, and waterproof coating.

4. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1 or 3, wherein The thickness of the backwater surface waterproof mortar layer is 0.5-1.5 cm.

5. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1 or 3, wherein The thickness of the waterproof grouting material layer is ≥5 cm.

6. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein The thickness of the waterproof coating layer is 1.5-2.0 mm.

7. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein In the cement pressure plate layer, butt joints are used at the joint of the cement pressure plate, and the outer joint is not combined with the inner joint.

8. The backwater surface maintenance structure of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein ​ The angle steel fixing member comprises an angle steel and a fixing nail, and a surface of the angle steel fixing member is coated with waterproof paint.

9. The structure for repairing the backwater surface of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein In the cement pressure plate layer, the thickness of the cement pressure plate fixed by the angle steel is 5 mm or more thinner than the overall thickness of the cement pressure plate layer, so that the angle steel does not protrude after being fixed.

10. The structure for repairing the backwater surface of the diaphragm wall structure according to claim 1, wherein In the backwater surface waterproof mortar layer, the grouting pipe and the grouting guide pipe can contain grouting material, the grouting material can be expanded into a foamed body when meeting water, and is an elastic resin body when being free of water, and can effectively seal water seepage cracks.

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