Polyurethane foam pyramid wave-absorbing material

Abstract

The utility model discloses a polyurethane foam pyramid wave-absorbing material, which belongs to the technical field of wave-absorbing materials and comprises a polyurethane plate, a plurality of wave-absorbing pyramids are fixedly connected onto the polyurethane plate, and quick-mounting mechanisms are arranged on two sides of the polyurethane plate. The fast-assembly mechanism comprises two installation ports fixedly connected to one side of the polyurethane plate, fast-assembly grooves are formed in the installation ports, two containing groove plates are symmetrically distributed on the installation ports, sliding shafts are slidably connected into the containing groove plates, and inserting pins are fixedly connected to the ends, close to each other, of the two sliding shafts. Compared with a common plug pin mechanism, the quick-mounting mechanism is arranged, a plug pin does not need to be manually adjusted, quick mounting and quick dismounting between two polyurethane plates can be completed through further plugging and unplugging, the quick-mounting and quick-dismounting device is more convenient and quicker, meanwhile, a notch is formed in one side of a polyurethane wave-absorbing material and is filled with a graphene heat dissipation plate, and the heat dissipation efficiency is improved. And the partition plate, the aluminum oxide plate and the honeycomb-shaped boron nitride plate are sequentially arranged, so that the heat dissipation performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of microwave absorbing materials technology, specifically a polyurethane foam pyramid microwave absorbing material. Background Technology

[0002] Microwave absorbing materials are functional materials that can effectively attenuate or eliminate the energy of incident electromagnetic waves. They are widely used in microwave anechoic chambers, stealth technology, electronic compatibility (EMC), and communication equipment. Their core function is to convert electromagnetic wave energy into heat or other forms of energy dissipation through the dielectric loss, magnetic loss, or structural loss mechanisms of the material, thereby reducing reflected waves, lowering the radar cross section (RCS) of the target object, or creating an interference-free testing environment. Microwave absorbing materials can be classified by morphology into coating type, patch type, and structural type. Among them, structural microwave absorbing materials, due to their unique geometric designs (such as pyramids, wedges, and honeycomb structures), exhibit particularly outstanding performance in broadband absorption.

[0003] Polyurethane foam pyramidal microwave absorbing materials are a typical example of structural microwave absorbing materials. Using lightweight, highly elastic polyurethane foam as the matrix, the surface is processed into a regularly arranged array of pyramids (square pyramids or cones), combining the material's inherent loss characteristics with the impedance matching advantages of its geometric structure. Polyurethane foam itself is characterized by low density, corrosion resistance, and ease of processing. By doping with microwave absorbing agents such as carbon powder, graphene, and ferrite, its electromagnetic parameters (dielectric constant, permeability) can be further optimized. The pyramidal structure design, through the principle of gradual impedance matching, allows electromagnetic waves to gradually enter the material's interior from the tip to the bottom, reducing direct reflection. Simultaneously, the three-dimensional structure of the pyramids extends the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, promoting multiple scattering and interference, thereby enhancing energy attenuation.

[0004] This material is most widely used in microwave anechoic chambers, covering walls and ceilings to simulate a free-space environment and ensure accurate testing of equipment such as antennas and radar. Furthermore, in military stealth technology, polyurethane foam pyramidal absorbing materials can be used for surface treatment of aircraft, ships, and other equipment to reduce their probability of radar detection. In 5G communications and electronic equipment shielding, it can also effectively suppress electromagnetic interference (EMI) and improve signal integrity. Its performance is typically measured by reflectivity (e.g., -30dB to -50dB) and effective frequency band (e.g., 1GHz to 40GHz). The pyramid height is directly related to the absorption frequency band; for example, a 15cm high pyramid may be optimized for 2-18GHz, while a lower pyramid can extend to the millimeter-wave band. Although polyurethane foam pyramidal absorbing materials have advantages such as wideband absorption and lightweight, their mechanical strength is relatively low, requiring the use of a protective layer, and their performance at high frequencies is significantly affected by processing precision. In the future, with the development of new nano-absorbing agents (such as carbon nanotubes and MXene) and 3D printing technology, these materials will further evolve towards ultra-thin, wide-bandwidth, and intelligent directions to meet more demanding military and civilian needs.

[0005] Existing technologies still have the following shortcomings: Existing microwave absorbing materials suffer from two major drawbacks in practical use: ease of installation and poor heat dissipation. Regarding installation, although some microwave absorbing materials on the market offer plug-in connection mechanisms, large-scale material assembly and disassembly still require significant manpower and resources. For example, the construction of a microwave anechoic chamber often requires the installation of hundreds of square meters of absorbing material. Traditional installation methods are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also extremely inconvenient for later maintenance and replacement. More seriously, because the working principle of microwave absorbing materials is to convert electromagnetic wave energy into heat energy, significant heat accumulation occurs during actual use. However, most current microwave absorbing materials have poor heat dissipation performance, especially polyurethane foam-based materials, whose thermal conductivity is typically only around 0.02 W / m·K. This leads to localized high temperatures under prolonged high-power operating conditions, affecting not only the stability of the absorption performance but also potentially shortening the material's lifespan. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, this utility model provides a polyurethane foam pyramidal microwave absorbing material, which solves the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a polyurethane foam pyramidal microwave absorbing material, comprising:

[0008] A polyurethane board, wherein several wave-absorbing cones are fixedly connected to the polyurethane board, and quick-installation mechanisms are provided on both sides of the polyurethane board.

[0009] The quick-installation mechanism includes two mounting ports fixedly connected to one side of the polyurethane board. Each mounting port has a quick-installation slot. Two receiving slot plates are symmetrically distributed on the mounting port. A sliding shaft is slidably connected inside the receiving slot plate. A pin is fixedly connected to one end of each of the two sliding shafts that are close to each other. A buffer spring is sleeved on the outside of each sliding shaft. The two ends of the buffer spring abut against the inner wall of the receiving slot plate and the pin, respectively.

[0010] Two plug-in ports are fixedly connected to the side of the polyurethane board away from the installation port. A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the plug-in port. A first vertebra is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft. A second vertebra is slidably connected to the connecting shaft. The maximum radius of the first vertebra and the second vertebra is the same.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the mounting port and the plug-in port are positioned parallel to each other.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the polyurethane board has a notch on the side away from the absorbing cone.

[0013] As a further embodiment of this utility model, a graphene heat sink is fixedly connected within the notch.

[0014] As a further embodiment of this utility model, multiple partitions are fixedly connected to the graphene heat sink.

[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: an alumina plate is fixedly connected to multiple partitions.

[0016] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a honeycomb heat dissipation plate is fixedly connected to the alumina material plate.

[0017] As a further aspect of this utility model, the honeycomb heat sink is made of boron nitride.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This invention features a quick-release mechanism, which, compared to conventional pin mechanisms, eliminates the need for manual pin adjustment. The two polyurethane panels can be easily installed and removed simply by inserting and removing the pins, making it more convenient and efficient. Furthermore, a notch is created on one side of the polyurethane absorbing material and filled with a graphene heat sink. A partition, an alumina plate, and a honeycomb boron nitride plate are then sequentially arranged, significantly improving heat dissipation performance: graphene utilizes its ultra-high thermal conductivity (~5300 W / m·K) to rapidly diffuse heat laterally; the partition guides heat distribution, preventing heat accumulation; the alumina plate (30 W / m·K) acts as an insulating transition layer for stable heat transfer; and the honeycomb boron nitride (300 W / m·K) efficiently dissipates heat through a three-dimensional heat-conducting network, infrared radiation from the honeycomb walls, and air convection through the pores. This multi-layered structure maintains the polyurethane's absorbing performance (alumina / boron nitride insulation for electromagnetic interference prevention) while dissipating heat in stages through "lateral diffusion - longitudinal conduction - surface radiation / convection," making it particularly suitable for high-power microwave anechoic chambers and other scenarios requiring both broadband absorption and thermal management. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the installation port of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional internal structure diagram of the installation port of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the plug-in port of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional internal structure diagram of the polyurethane board of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Polyurethane board, 2. Absorbing cone, 3. Mounting port, 4. Quick-release slot, 5. Receiving slot plate, 6. Sliding shaft, 7. Plug pin, 8. Buffer spring, 9. Plug port, 10. Connecting shaft, 11. First cone, 12. Second cone, 13. Graphene heat sink, 14. Partition, 15. Alumina plate, 16. Honeycomb heat sink. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solution of this patent will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution:

[0028] A polyurethane foam pyramidal microwave absorbing material, comprising:

[0029] Polyurethane board 1, several wave-absorbing cones 2 are fixedly connected to polyurethane board 1, and quick-installation mechanisms are provided on both sides of polyurethane board 1.

[0030] The quick-installation mechanism includes two mounting ports 3 fixedly connected to one side of the polyurethane board 1. A quick-installation groove 4 is provided in the mounting port 3. Two receiving groove plates 5 are symmetrically distributed on the mounting port 3. A sliding shaft 6 is slidably connected in the receiving groove plate 5. A plug pin 7 is fixedly connected to one end of the two sliding shafts 6 that is close to each other. A buffer spring 8 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding shaft 6. The two ends of the buffer spring 8 abut against the inner wall of the receiving groove plate 5 and the plug pin 7, respectively.

[0031] Two insertion ports 9 are fixedly connected to the side of polyurethane board 1 away from the installation port 3. A connecting shaft 10 is fixedly connected to the insertion port 9, a first cone 11 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft 10, and a second cone 12 is slidably connected to the connecting shaft 10. The maximum radius of the first cone 11 and the second cone 12 is the same. When it is necessary to splice the materials, one side of the insertion port 9 of polyurethane board 1 can be inserted into the side of the installation port 3 of another polyurethane board 1. It should be noted that the insertion port 9 is a magnet, and the side of the second cone 12 near the insertion port 9 is made of magnetic material. When inserting, the first cone 11 first contacts the insertion pin 7. As the first cone 11 is inserted deeper, the insertion pin 7 can be inserted into the gap between the first cone 11 and the second cone 12, and the installation is completed.

[0032] During disassembly, the plug-in port 9 is further inserted. At this time, the second vertebra 12 contacts the plug-in pin 7, and the plug-in pin 7 enters the gap between the second vertebra 12 and the plug-in port 9, separating the two. Then, the plug-in port 9 is pulled out, and the second vertebra 12 will slide on the connecting shaft 10 under the action of the plug-in pin 7. When the second vertebra 12 is in contact with the first vertebra 11, since the maximum radius of the first vertebra 11 and the second vertebra 12 is the same, the continued movement of the plug-in pin 7 will not separate the two, thus completing the quick disassembly.

[0033] The mounting port 3 and the plug-in port 9 are positioned parallel to each other. A notch is formed on the side of the polyurethane board 1 away from the absorbing cone 2. A graphene heat sink 13 is fixedly connected within the notch. Multiple partitions 14 are fixedly connected to the graphene heat sink 13. An alumina plate 15 is fixedly connected to the partitions 14. A honeycomb heat sink 16, made of boron nitride, is fixedly connected to the alumina plate 15. A notch is formed on one side of the polyurethane board 1 and filled with the graphene heat sink 13. The secondary arrangement of partition 14, alumina plate 15, and honeycomb boron nitride plate significantly improves heat dissipation performance: graphene leverages its ultra-high thermal conductivity (~5300W / m·K) to rapidly diffuse heat laterally; partition 14 achieves zoned heat distribution, preventing heat accumulation; alumina plate 15 (30W / m·K) acts as an insulating transition layer for stable heat transfer; and honeycomb boron nitride (300W / m·K) efficiently dissipates heat through a three-dimensional heat-conducting network, infrared radiation from the honeycomb walls, and air convection through the pores. This multi-layered structure maintains the microwave absorption performance of polyurethane (alumina / boron nitride insulation for electromagnetic interference prevention) while dissipating heat in stages through "lateral diffusion - longitudinal conduction - surface radiation / convection," making it particularly suitable for high-power microwave anechoic chambers and other scenarios requiring both broadband microwave absorption and thermal management.

[0034] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0035] When it is necessary to splice materials, one side of the polyurethane board 1 plug port 9 can be inserted into the side of the installation port 3 of another polyurethane board 1. It should be noted that the plug port 9 is a magnet, and the side of the second cone 12 near the plug port 9 is made of magnetic material. When plugging, the first cone 11 first contacts the plug pin 7. As the first cone 11 is pushed in, the plug pin 7 can be inserted into the gap between the first cone 11 and the second cone 12, and the installation can be completed.

[0036] During disassembly, the plug-in port 9 is further inserted. At this time, the second vertebra 12 contacts the plug-in pin 7, and the plug-in pin 7 enters the gap between the second vertebra 12 and the plug-in port 9, separating the two. Then, the plug-in port 9 is pulled out, and the second vertebra 12 will slide on the connecting shaft 10 under the action of the plug-in pin 7. When the second vertebra 12 is in contact with the first vertebra 11, since the maximum radius of the first vertebra 11 and the second vertebra 12 is the same, the continued movement of the plug-in pin 7 will not separate the two, thus completing the quick disassembly.

[0037] A notch is made on one side of the polyurethane board 1 and filled with a graphene heat sink 13. Then, a partition 14, an alumina board 15, and a honeycomb boron nitride board are sequentially arranged to significantly improve heat dissipation performance: graphene exerts its ultra-high thermal conductivity (~5300W / m·K) to rapidly diffuse heat laterally; the partition 14 achieves heat zoning and guidance, avoiding heat accumulation; the alumina board 15 (30W / m·K) serves as an insulating transition layer to stabilize heat transfer; and the honeycomb boron nitride (300W / m·K) efficiently dissipates heat through a three-dimensional heat-conducting network, infrared radiation from the honeycomb wall, and air convection through the pores. This multi-layer structure maintains the microwave absorption performance of polyurethane (alumina / boron nitride insulation to prevent electromagnetic interference) while dissipating heat in stages through "lateral diffusion - longitudinal conduction - surface radiation / convection," making it particularly suitable for scenarios such as high-power microwave anechoic chambers that require both broadband microwave absorption and thermal management.

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material, characterized by, Include: Polyurethane board (1), a plurality of wave-absorbing corner pyramids (2) are fixedly connected on the polyurethane board (1), and quick mounting mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the polyurethane board (1); The quick mounting mechanism comprises two mounting ports (3) fixedly connected to one side of the polyurethane board (1), a quick mounting groove (4) is formed in the mounting port (3), two accommodation groove plates (5) are symmetrically distributed on the mounting port (3), a sliding shaft (6) is slidably connected in the accommodation groove plate (5), the end of the two sliding shafts (6) close to each other is fixedly connected with a plug-in pin (7), a buffer spring (8) is sleeved outside the sliding shaft (6), and the two ends of the buffer spring (8) are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the accommodation groove plate (5) and the plug-in pin (7); The side of the polyurethane board (1) away from the mounting port (3) is fixedly connected with two plug-in ports (9), the plug-in port (9) is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft (10), the connecting shaft (10) is fixedly connected with a first vertebral body (11), the connecting shaft (10) is slidably connected with a second vertebral body (12), and the maximum radii of the first vertebral body (11) and the second vertebral body (12) are consistent.

2. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting port (3) and the plug-in port (9) are arranged in parallel.

3. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the polyurethane board (1) away from the wave-absorbing corner pyramid (2) is provided with a notch.

4. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 3, characterized in that: The notch is fixedly connected with a graphene heat dissipation plate (13).

5. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The graphene heat dissipation plate (13) is fixedly connected with a plurality of partition plates (14).

6. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the partition plates (14) are fixedly connected with alumina material plates (15).

7. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 6, characterized in that: The alumina material plate (15) is fixedly connected with a honeycomb heat dissipation plate (16).

8. The polyurethane foam pyramidal wave-absorbing material according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the honeycomb heat dissipation plate (16) is boron nitride.

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