Small frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, in particular to a small frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device, which comprises a bottom anchoring structure, an inner sliding rod, an outer sleeve and a first monitoring mark point, and is characterized in that the inner sliding rod is fixedly connected with the bottom anchoring structure; the outer sleeve is in sliding connection with the inner sliding rod; according to the small frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the interference of lateral soil layer deformation on a measurement result can be effectively eliminated, and the vertical displacement can be accurately identified and monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil monitoring technology, and in particular to a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of infrastructure construction in northern my country, especially the widespread implementation of railway, highway, and building projects in permafrost regions, the problem of frost heave and thaw settlement in engineering construction in permafrost areas is becoming increasingly prominent. Permafrost layers exhibit complex deformation behavior under temperature variations, and monitoring vertical displacement is particularly important for engineering safety and disaster prevention.

[0003] Currently, vertical deformation monitoring of frozen soil mainly employs two technical solutions: hydraulic and magnetic ring systems. Hydraulic monitoring devices use a single- or double-tube structure, utilizing liquid as the sensing medium to monitor soil deformation. While this method is simple in structure, it is susceptible to temperature variations in cold environments; when the temperature drops below 0°C, the liquid freezes, causing monitoring interruptions. Furthermore, the deformation characteristics of the liquid differ from those of the in-situ soil layer, making it difficult to accurately reflect actual soil deformation. Magnetic ring-based stratified settlement meters measure displacement using magnetic induction principles by placing magnetic ring markers at different depths. However, this method is easily affected by external magnetic fields, and the positioning accuracy of deep magnetic rings is low, failing to meet the requirements for precise monitoring.

[0004] Traditional mechanical displacement gauges, while directly measuring soil displacement, suffer from the difficulty in distinguishing the sources of deformation at different soil depths. Due to their single-rod structure, measurement results are often influenced by lateral soil deformation, leading to distorted monitoring data. Particularly under frost heave, existing devices commonly exhibit unstable anchoring and are prone to tilting, affecting measurement accuracy. Furthermore, these devices have poor durability in cold environments, easily suffering structural damage or functional degradation after repeated freeze-thaw cycles, making them unsuitable for long-term engineering monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device. This device can effectively eliminate the interference of lateral soil deformation on the measurement results, thereby accurately identifying and monitoring vertical displacement.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device, comprising: a bottom anchoring structure; an inner sliding rod fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring structure; an outer sleeve slidably connected to the inner sliding rod; and a first monitoring marker fixed to the top of the inner sliding rod.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a sliding component is provided between the inner slide rod and the outer sleeve.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a second monitoring point is provided at the top of the outer tube.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the bottom anchoring structure includes a wedge-shaped bottom with an opening facing downwards.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the outer periphery of the wedge-shaped base is provided with multiple inclined wing plates, which are arranged radially.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the bottom anchoring structure includes a stabilizing tray fitted over the wedge-shaped bottom, the stabilizing tray being fixedly connected to the inner slide bar.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the inner slide bar is a hollow structure that runs through the wedge-shaped bottom.

[0015] In one possible implementation, a fine-tuning mechanism is provided between the inner slide rod and the first monitoring mark. The fine-tuning mechanism includes an upper adjusting sleeve and a lower adjusting sleeve arranged coaxially, and the upper adjusting sleeve and the lower adjusting sleeve are connected by threads.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the outer wall of the outer sleeve is provided with an annular corrugated structure.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the outer surface of the annular corrugated structure is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model provides a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device with the following advantages: By adopting a double-layer structure design of an inner sliding rod and an outer sleeve, it effectively solves the key technical problem in existing technologies that cannot distinguish the source of deformation in soil layers at different depths. The inner sliding rod is fixedly connected to the deep soil through a bottom anchoring structure and is specifically used to monitor the vertical deformation of the target depth soil layer; the outer sleeve is slidably connected to the inner sliding rod and can independently withstand lateral soil deformation without affecting the monitoring function of the inner sliding rod. This structural design enables the device to accurately identify and monitor vertical displacement, effectively eliminating the interference of lateral soil deformation on the measurement results. Furthermore, by setting a sliding component between the inner sliding rod and the outer sleeve, it ensures that the two can move relatively independently, further improving the accuracy of deformation monitoring. The bottom anchoring structure adopts a specially designed connection method, solving the problem of unstable anchoring of traditional devices in frost heave environments, enabling the device to move synchronously with the deep soil layer and ensuring the reliability of the monitoring data. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This diagram shows a cross-sectional view of another small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Figure 3 This diagram shows a planar structure of a small frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Bottom anchoring structure; 11. Wedge-shaped bottom; 12. Inclined wing plate; 13. Stabilizing pallet;

[0025] 2. Inner slide bar; 21. Fine-tuning mechanism;

[0026] 3. Outer tube; 31. Annular corrugated structure; 32. Anti-slip texture;

[0027] 4. First monitoring point;

[0028] 5. Sliding components;

[0029] 6. Second monitoring point. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0031] Please see Figure 1-3 This application provides a small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device, including: a bottom anchoring structure 1; an inner sliding rod 2, fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring structure 1; an outer sleeve 3, slidably connected to the inner sliding rod 2; and a first monitoring marker 4, fixed to the top of the inner sliding rod 2.

[0032] The frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device provided in this application adopts a double-layer structure design with separate inner and outer layers, solving the problem in existing technologies of difficulty in distinguishing the sources of deformation at different depths of soil layers. Existing frozen soil monitoring methods mainly use water as a medium or magnetic ring-type stratified settlement meters, which suffer from inconsistencies between water deformation and in-situ soil layer deformation or interference from magnetic fields. In this scheme, the inner sliding rod 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom anchoring structure 1, which can reflect the frost heave and thaw settlement deformation of the bottom soil layer; the design of the outer sleeve 3 slidingly connected to the inner sliding rod 2 effectively isolates the influence of lateral soil layer deformation. Through engineering practice, this structure has shown good adaptability under different soil conditions such as cohesive soil and sandy soil. The first monitoring point 4 is fixed to the top of the inner sliding rod 2, which can directly measure the vertical displacement of the soil layer, reducing the error caused by indirect measurement. The all-steel structure design enables the monitoring device to form a good linkage effect with the surrounding soil layer, making it suitable for long-term use in cold environments.

[0033] In some embodiments, a sliding member 5 is provided between the inner slide rod 2 and the outer sleeve 3.

[0034] This embodiment solves the problem of motion interference in a double-layer structure by setting a sliding component 5 between the inner sliding rod 2 and the outer sleeve 3. In practical engineering applications, the frost heave and thaw settlement process of the soil layer generates a complex stress state, and it is difficult to achieve the ideal motion separation effect by relying solely on a simple sleeve structure. By setting a dedicated sliding component 5, the inner sliding rod 2 and the outer sleeve 3 can move relatively independently, effectively preventing the outer sleeve 3 from generating additional stress on the inner sliding rod 2 when receiving lateral soil deformation. This structural design reduces motion interference between the inner and outer components, ensuring that the inner sliding rod 2 can accurately reflect the deformation of the bottom soil layer. At the same time, the setting of the sliding component 5 also reduces the operating resistance of the device, improves the monitoring sensitivity, and enables the device to effectively capture soil deformation.

[0035] Specifically, the sliding component 5 is a bearing or sleeve structure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the sliding component 5 is specifically designed as a bearing or a sleeve structure. This design ensures sliding functionality while offering advantages such as simple structure and convenient maintenance. The bearing option boasts advantages such as a low coefficient of friction and high motion accuracy, exhibiting excellent sliding performance under normal temperatures. The sleeve option, made of modified nylon material, features low manufacturing cost and good wear resistance, making it suitable for use in cold regions. These two specific configurations provide different options for practical applications, allowing the selection of a suitable solution based on the operating environment and cost requirements. This standardized mechanical structure facilitates replacement and maintenance, improving the maintainability of the device.

[0037] In some embodiments, a second monitoring marker 6 is provided on the top of the outer sleeve 3.

[0038] This embodiment of the application improves the technical solution for vertical deformation monitoring by setting a second monitoring point 6 at the top of the outer sleeve. The outer sleeve has significant lateral friction with the surrounding soil layer, allowing it to move synchronously with the shallow soil. The second monitoring point 6 accurately reflects the deformation characteristics of the shallow soil. This design utilizes the characteristics of soil lateral friction, eliminating the need for additional anchoring devices at the bottom of the outer sleeve, simplifying the structure while ensuring measurement accuracy. In conjunction with the first monitoring point 4 at the top of the inner sliding rod, the relative displacement of the two monitoring points accurately obtains the soil deformation within the target monitoring depth range, providing a reliable technical basis for assessing the degree of frost heave.

[0039] In some embodiments, the bottom anchoring structure 1 includes a wedge-shaped bottom 11 with an opening facing downwards.

[0040] This embodiment effectively solves the technical problem of connecting the monitoring device to the soil layer by setting a downward-opening wedge-shaped bottom 11. Traditional vertical displacement monitoring devices often adopt a flat or pointed bottom design, which is prone to displacement or tilting during frost heave. The wedge-shaped bottom 11 of this solution adopts a reasonable opening angle design, which can form an appropriate embedding depth during installation and increase the contact area with the soil layer. This structure not only facilitates installation, but more importantly, it forms a stable anchoring effect with the soil layer through the "wedge effect," ensuring that the device can move synchronously with the soil layer. The downward-opening design of the wedge-shaped bottom 11 also has a self-locking function. As the frost heave force increases, the anchoring effect will be enhanced accordingly, effectively preventing the device from displacing or tilting during frost heave.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of inclined wing plates 12 are provided on the outer periphery of the wedge-shaped base 11, and the inclined wing plates 12 are radially distributed.

[0042] This embodiment further optimizes the design of the bottom anchoring structure 1 by setting multiple radially distributed inclined wing plates 12 around the outer periphery of the wedge-shaped base 11. The radial distribution design allows the device to uniformly bear soil pressure from all directions, effectively preventing eccentric deformation during frost heave. The inclined wing plates 12 improve the stress transmission path, making the monitoring data more accurately reflect soil deformation. At the same time, this structure reduces the pressing force required for installation and improves construction efficiency. It exhibits good adaptability in soil layers with different moisture contents.

[0043] In some embodiments, the bottom anchoring structure 1 includes a stabilizing tray 13 sleeved on the wedge-shaped bottom 11, and the stabilizing tray 13 is fixedly connected to the inner slide bar 2.

[0044] This embodiment of the application forms a complete bottom anchoring structure 1 by setting a stabilizing tray 13 above the wedge-shaped base 11 and fixing it to the inner sliding rod 2. The stabilizing tray 13 increases the contact area with the soil layer, providing greater support and stability. The welded connection with the inner sliding rod 2 ensures accurate transmission of deformation signals. This design exhibits good stability under cyclic frost heave stress, and the connection is not prone to loosening. Simultaneously, the stabilizing tray 13 prevents soil collapse, ensures the backfill soil density is close to that of the undisturbed soil, and extends the service life of the device. Engineering practice has proven that this structure is suitable for long-term monitoring.

[0045] In some embodiments, the inner slide bar 2 is a hollow structure that penetrates the wedge-shaped bottom 11.

[0046] This embodiment employs a hollow inner sliding rod 2 structure that penetrates the wedge-shaped base 11. This design reduces the weight of the device while ensuring strength. The linear weight of the hollow inner sliding rod 2 is similar to that of the surrounding soil, reducing the impact of the device's own weight on the measurement. The connection through the wedge-shaped base 11 adopts an integral design, avoiding the connection errors of traditional segmented structures and ensuring that deformation signals can be directly transmitted to the first monitoring point 4. Within the normal operating temperature range, the impact of thermal expansion and contraction is minimal, ensuring measurement accuracy. Simultaneously, the hollow structure facilitates later maintenance and repair, and corrosion protection can be implemented through the internal cavity, improving the applicability of the device in different soil environments.

[0047] In some embodiments, a fine-tuning mechanism 21 is provided between the inner slide bar 2 and the first monitoring point 4. The fine-tuning mechanism 21 includes an upper adjusting sleeve and a lower adjusting sleeve arranged coaxially, and the upper adjusting sleeve and the lower adjusting sleeve are connected by threads.

[0048] This embodiment of the application solves the problem of installation accuracy of the first monitoring point 4 by setting a fine-tuning mechanism 21. The fine-tuning mechanism 21 adopts coaxial upper and lower adjusting sleeves, and the adjustment is achieved through a precision threaded connection. This design allows the position of the first monitoring point 4 to be precisely adjusted within an appropriate range. The threaded connection adopts an anti-loosening design and remains stable after a freeze-thaw cycle. This structure not only improves the initial installation accuracy, but also allows for compensatory adjustment during use, effectively solving the settlement problem during long-term use. Practice shows that the installation accuracy of the monitoring point is significantly improved after adopting this fine-tuning mechanism 21.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the outer wall of the outer sleeve 3 is provided with an annular corrugated structure 31.

[0050] This embodiment of the application solves the technical problem of contact between the outer sleeve 3 and the soil layer by setting an annular corrugated structure 31 on the outer wall of the outer sleeve 3. The annular corrugated design increases the surface area of ​​the outer sleeve 3 and improves its radial flexibility, enabling it to adapt to the radial deformation of the soil layer without permanent deformation. The corrugated structure plays a role in stress dispersion, avoiding local stress concentration and extending the service life of the outer sleeve 3. This structure exhibits good adaptability in soil layers with different moisture contents, especially in highly plastic clay, where it can effectively prevent the increase in sliding resistance caused by soil adhesion.

[0051] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the annular corrugated structure 31 is provided with anti-slip texture 32.

[0052] This embodiment further optimizes the surface characteristics of the outer casing 3 by providing anti-slip textures 32 on the outer surface of the annular corrugated structure 31. The anti-slip textures 32 adopt a grid-like design, increasing the friction between the outer casing 3 and the soil layer. This surface treatment improves the sensitivity of the outer casing 3 in sensing soil deformation, maintaining a stable contact state even under significant frost heave forces. The anti-slip textures 32 create microscopic drainage channels, preventing moisture accumulation on the surface of the outer casing 3 during freeze-thaw cycles and reducing the impact of the water film effect on measurements. This design makes the device suitable for use under various climatic conditions.

[0053] This invention has been validated in numerous engineering projects and is applicable to construction projects in permafrost regions, including railways, highways, and buildings. In practical applications, the device reliably monitors soil deformation, providing a basis for engineering safety assessments. Its application in cold-region oil pipeline projects has demonstrated that its monitoring accuracy and reliability meet design specifications. Furthermore, the standardized design and modular structure of the device reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, resulting in significant economic benefits. As construction projects in cold regions increase in my country, the application value of this invention will be further realized.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "embodiment," "exemplary embodiment," "some embodiments," etc., mentioned in the specification indicate that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments, whether explicitly described or not, is within the knowledge scope of those skilled in the art.

[0055] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on top of something” but also “on top of something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0056] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small-scale frozen soil vertical deformation monitoring device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of anchor structure, including: Bottom anchor structure (1); Inner slide rod (2), with the bottom anchor structure (1) fixed connection; Outer sleeve (3), with the inner slide rod (2) sliding connection; First monitoring mark (4), fixed in the top of the inner slide rod (2).

2. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The inner slide rod (2) is equipped with sliding component (5) between the outer sleeve (3).

3. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The top of the outer sleeve (3) is provided with second monitoring mark (6).

4. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The bottom anchor structure (1) includes opening downward wedge-shaped bottom (11).

5. The monitoring device of claim 4, wherein, The outer periphery of the wedge-shaped bottom (11) is provided with multiple inclined wing plates (12), and the inclined wing plates (12) are radially distributed.

6. The monitoring device of claim 4, wherein, The bottom anchor structure (1) includes stable tray (13) that is set on the wedge-shaped bottom (11), and the stable tray (13) is fixedly connected with the inner slide rod (2).

7. The monitoring device of claim 4, wherein, The inner slide rod (2) is hollow structure that penetrates the wedge-shaped bottom (11).

8. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The inner slide rod (2) is equipped with fine adjustment mechanism (21) between first monitoring mark (4), and the fine adjustment mechanism (21) includes coaxially arranged upper adjusting sleeve and lower adjusting sleeve, and the upper adjusting sleeve and the lower adjusting sleeve are connected by thread.

9. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the outer sleeve (3) is provided with annular corrugated structure (31).

10. The monitoring device of claim 9, wherein, The outer surface of the annular corrugated structure (31) is provided with anti-skid line (32).

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