Ploughing layer residual film recycling machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a plough layer residual film recycling machine. Relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery and residual film recovery. Comprising a rack, conveying wheels are arranged at the bottom of the rack, and a traction frame is fixedly arranged at one end of the rack; the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module is arranged at one end of the machine frame and used for rotary tillage and throwing film soil containing impurities in a plough layer. The film soil treatment module can receive the film soil thrown by the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module and grind and crush the film soil to enable the crushed film soil to freely fall off; the film collecting module is provided with a fan and a film collecting box, the film collecting box is arranged at the end, away from the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module, of the film soil processing module, and the fan is located obliquely below the free falling position of the film soil and can blow light residual film and impurities in the freely falling broken film soil into the film collecting box. The plough layer residual film recycling machine provided by the utility model can be used for recycling residual films on a plough layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery and residual film recycling technology, and in particular to a machine for recycling residual film in the tillage layer. Background Technology

[0002] When planting crops such as corn, plastic film is needed for insulation and moisture retention. After harvesting, the residual film needs to be recycled. Corn stalks are relatively thick, with numerous stubble. After corn is harvested and plowed, the stubble breaks into pieces and is turned into the ground to slowly decompose. At the same time, residual film from the surface layer is also turned into the ground, along with film residue from previous years in the topsoil. This results in a significant amount of residual film remaining in the topsoil, some of which is entangled with straw fragments, affecting subsequent cultivation. Currently, most film recycling machines are suitable for recycling surface film, but cannot recycle film residue in the topsoil. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a device suitable for recycling residual film in the topsoil. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a machine for recycling residual film in the tillage layer, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art and to recycle residual film in the tillage layer.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0005] This utility model provides a machine for recycling residual film in the tillage layer, comprising:

[0006] The frame has transport wheels at its bottom and a towing frame fixed at one end.

[0007] A rotary tillage-assisted soil-spreading module is installed at one end of the frame and is used for rotary tillage and spreading of the film-covered soil containing impurities in the tillage layer;

[0008] The film soil treatment module can receive the film soil thrown by the rotary tillage-assisted soil throwing module, and crush the film soil so that the crushed film soil falls freely.

[0009] The film collection module has a blower and a film collection box. The film collection box is located at the end of the film soil treatment module away from the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module. The blower is located diagonally below the position where the film soil falls freely, and can blow the lighter residual film and impurities in the freely falling broken film soil into the film collection box.

[0010] Preferably, the rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module comprises a rotary tillage knife roller and an auxiliary roller arranged at one end of the frame, a plurality of rotary tillage knives are uniformly arranged around the rotary tillage knife roller, the auxiliary roller is arranged above the rotary tillage knives, and a plurality of flippers are arranged around the auxiliary roller; a gear box is arranged on the frame, a transmission shaft gear, an auxiliary roller gear, a gear box idler and a rotary tillage knife gear are arranged in the gear box in sequence, one end of the rotary tillage knife roller is fixedly connected with the rotary tillage knife gear, one end of the auxiliary roller is fixedly connected with the auxiliary roller gear, the transmission shaft gear is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is externally connected with a power device through a speed reducer, the power device can drive the rotary tillage knife roller and the auxiliary roller to rotate synchronously, and the rotary tillage knife roller and the auxiliary roller rotate in the same direction.

[0011] Preferably, the film soil treatment module comprises a conveying mechanism and a rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is located close to the film collecting box, the conveying mechanism is arranged between the rotary tillage knife and the rolling mechanism in an inclined manner, the conveying mechanism can receive the film soil thrown by the rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module and convey the film soil to the rolling mechanism, and the rolling mechanism can crush the film soil.

[0012] Preferably, the conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt driving roller arranged behind the rotary tillage knife roller and a conveying belt driven roller arranged obliquely above the rolling mechanism, a closed conveying belt is wound between the conveying belt driving roller and the conveying belt driven roller; one end of the conveying belt driving roller is fixedly provided with a conveying belt driving roller sprocket, a gear box external sprocket is fixedly connected with the gear box idler through an idler shaft, and the gear box external sprocket and the conveying belt driving roller sprocket are drivingly connected through a closed gear box conveying belt chain.

[0013] Preferably, the rolling mechanism comprises front and rear rolling mechanisms symmetrically arranged obliquely below the conveying belt driven roller, one end of the front and rear rolling mechanisms is drivingly connected through meshing front and rear rolling mechanism gears; one end of the front rolling mechanism gear away from the rear rolling mechanism gear is meshed with a reversing idler, the reversing idler is meshed with a conveying belt driven roller external gear, and the conveying belt driven roller external gear is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying belt driven roller.

[0014] Preferably, the fan comprises a machine shell arranged obliquely below the rolling mechanism, a fan shaft is connected with the machine shell through a fan bearing, a plurality of fan blades are arranged around the fan shaft, one end of the machine shell is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet faces the rolling mechanism; one end of the fan shaft is fixedly provided with a fan sprocket, one end of the rear rolling mechanism away from the rear rolling mechanism gear is fixedly provided with a rear rolling mechanism sprocket, and the rear rolling mechanism sprocket and the fan sprocket are connected through a closed rolling mechanism fan transmission chain.

[0015] Preferably, two symmetrical roller connecting plates are fixed on the frame, the front roller and the rear roller are connected to the corresponding roller connecting plates through bearings at both ends, and a vertically inclined soil retaining plate is fixed between the two roller connecting plates and located above the rear roller.

[0016] Preferably, the membrane collecting box includes a membrane collecting box square tube frame with a right-angled trapezoidal longitudinal section, the bottom of the membrane collecting box square tube frame is fixedly connected with the frame through a membrane collecting box frame connecting block, a membrane plate is arranged on the membrane collecting box square tube frame, and screen holes are arranged on the membrane plate; the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box is located at one end close to the rolling mechanism; the membrane soil inlet includes two symmetrical vertical connecting plates without screen holes, the bottom of each vertical connecting plate without screen holes is connected with a downward inclined guide plate, and the top of each vertical connecting plate without screen holes is fixedly provided with an upward inclined guide plate parallel to the downward inclined guide plate, and one end of the upward inclined guide plate with a lower height is located at a position close to the rear of the rolling mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the front end of the frame is symmetrically provided with a left side baffle and a right side baffle, one end of the transmission shaft, the auxiliary roller and the rotary tiller roller is connected to the left side baffle through a bearing, and the other end is connected to the right side baffle through a bearing; the end of the transmission shaft away from the gear box is provided with a transmission shaft pulley, and the gear box is located at one end close to the right side baffle; the end of the auxiliary roller away from the gear box is provided with an auxiliary roller pulley, and the auxiliary roller pulley and the transmission shaft pulley are connected through a closed auxiliary roller V-belt transmission; a belt tensioning device is fixedly arranged outside the left side baffle, a belt tensioning wheel is movably arranged on the belt tensioning device, and the belt tensioning wheel abuts against the outside of the auxiliary roller V-belt.

[0018] Preferably, the conveying belt is symmetrically provided with a driving roller connecting plate and an auxiliary roller connecting plate on both sides, the driving roller is connected to the two driving roller connecting plates through bearings at both ends, and a conveying auxiliary roller is connected between the two auxiliary roller connecting plates; the lower surface of the conveying belt for conveying membrane soil areas is in contact with the conveying auxiliary roller.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the following technical effects:

[0020] The utility model discloses a tractor connection traction frame, the rear power output shaft of tractor passes through universal coupling and connects the reducer, and power transmission is given to spin plough auxiliary throw soil module. The film soil of cultivated layer containing miscellaneous is spun and thrown to film soil processing module through spin plough auxiliary throw soil module, and the soil block of various sizes is crushed into small soil particles, and these soil particles are mixed with part straw scrap and the residual film that was wrapped before soil block, then freely drop. In the process of dropping, soil particles, residual film and straw impurities mostly are in the state of separation, and are not mixed together very closely. At this time, the fan of working will blow these soil particles, residual film and straw impurities to the membrane collection box. They will enter the membrane collection box under the action of fan, and the heavier straw scrap will slide to the ground because of gravity or directly drop on the ground because of gravity before reaching the edge of membrane collection box. The small soil particles, residual film and lighter straw impurities after being crushed will continue to blow to the membrane collection box under the action of wind force, and the soil particles and small straw will be discharged from the screen hole around the membrane collection box body under the continuous wind force, and the residual film and a small part of lighter and larger straw blades will be collected in the membrane collection box, thereby completing the recovery and cleaning process of cultivated layer residual film, and realizing the function of high pick-up rate and low impurity rate of cultivated layer residual film. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments, and obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creating creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model; Figure 1 It is the side view;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the spin plough auxiliary throw soil module schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the film soil processing module schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the front roller and rear roller schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is the membrane collection box schematic diagram of cultivated layer residual film recovery machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a power transmission system schematic diagram of the plough layer residual film recycling machine in one or some embodiments of the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1 - traction frame, 2 - speed reducer, 3 - gear box, 4 - transmission shaft, 401 - right transmission shaft, 402 - left transmission shaft, 5 - frame, 6 - conveying belt, 7 - front roller, 8 - soil retaining plate, 9 - rear roller, 10 - film collecting box, 11 - roller fan transmission chain, 12 - transport wheel, 13 - roller fixing plate, 14 - fan, 15 - rotary tiller, 16 - auxiliary roller, 17 - first auxiliary roller, 18 - conveying belt driven roller, 19 - reversing idler, 20 - fan guide plate, 21 - second auxiliary roller, 22 - conveying belt driving roller, 23 - belt tensioning wheel, 24 - transmission shaft pulley, 25 - right side baffle, 26 - left side baffle, 27 - belt tensioning device, 28 - auxiliary roller pulley, 29 - auxiliary roller V-belt, 30 - gear box conveying belt chain, 31 - auxiliary roller connecting plate, 32 - roller connecting plate, 33 - driving roller connecting plate, 34 - conveying belt driven roller external gear, 35 - rear roller sprocket, 36 - upper inclined guide plate, 37 - right side screen plate, 38 - film collecting box square tube frame, 39 - upper side screen plate, 40 - rear side screen plate, 41 - bottom screen plate, 42 - screen hole, 43 - screen hole vertical connecting plate, 44 - lower inclined guide plate, 45 - film collecting box frame connecting block, 46 - transmission shaft gear, 47 - auxiliary roller gear, 48 - gear box external sprocket, 49 - gear box idler, 50 - rotary tiller gear, 51 - conveying belt driving roller sprocket, 52 - front roller gear, 53 - rear roller gear, 54 - fan bearing, 55 - fan shaft, 56 - fan sprocket, 57 - rotary tiller roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

[0031] The utility model aims at providing a kind of plough layer residual film recycling machine to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and the residual film of plough layer can be recycled.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] There are many types of residual film recycling machines, but they are all suitable for recycling surface mulch film, and there is no residual film recycling machine suitable for corn large root stubble land and plough layer residual film recycling. According to the current residual film recycling situation, when recycling residual film in corn land, corn root stubble and soil and the like are more, and plough layer residual film recycling needs to rely on manual picking after ploughing and land preparation; the human resources are relatively limited, and the efficiency is very low, and only the larger residual film that can be seen on the surface after ploughing and land preparation can be picked up in the picking process, and the residual film existing in the plough layer and the small piece of residual film not easy to pick up on the surface cannot be picked up. Thus, the residual film is continuously accumulated in the plough layer year by year, and is retained in the soil, exceeding the normal residual film content range of the soil.

[0034] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of plough layer residual film recycling machine, as shown in Figures 1-7 The utility model discloses a kind of plough layer residual film recycling machines, as shown in Fig. 1, including frame 5, rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module, film soil processing module and film collection module, frame 5 bottom is equipped with transport wheel 12, frame 5 one end is fixedly provided with traction frame 1, frame 5 is to the support and connection of whole machine part, can make each part in the deformation amount of whole residual film recycling work process always maintain in the range of elastic deformation amount, guarantee the rigidity of whole. Frame 5 design structure is simple, can guarantee that each connecting piece is connected conveniently, is convenient for later maintenance and fault inspection. Frame 5 uses high-strength carbon alloy steel welding, guarantee and the dynamic unbalance force and moment produced by each kind of rotating mechanism connected with it can be well absorbed by frame 5, reduce the vibration and fatigue failure of machine. Make machine meet actual needs in working process, the quality of residual film picking is guaranteed;Rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module is set to one end of frame 5, is used for rotary tillage and throwing the film soil containing impurities of plough layer;Film soil processing module can receive the film soil thrown by rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module, and make the broken film soil freely fall after being crushed;Film collection module has fan 14 and film collection box 10, film collection box 10 is set to one end of film soil processing module away from rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module, fan 14 is located in the oblique lower side of the position where film soil freely falls, can blow the residual film and impurities with relatively light weight in the broken film soil that freely falls into film collection box 10. The utility model can realize the residual film recycling of plough layer and the treatment of most impurities, rotary tillage auxiliary throwing soil module, film soil processing module and film collection module are matched before and after, in turn carry out the work of film soil collection, film soil separation and residual film collection, can realize the collection and impurity removal function of plough layer residual film.

[0035] The rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module of the embodiment comprises a rotary tillage blade roller 57 and an auxiliary roller 16 arranged at one end of the frame 5, and the front end of the frame 5 is symmetrically provided with a left baffle 26 and a right baffle 25, the transmission shaft 4, the auxiliary roller 16 and one end of the rotary tillage blade roller 57 are all connected to the left baffle 26 through bearings, and the other end is all connected to the right baffle 25 through bearings, a plurality of rotary tillage blades 15 are uniformly arranged on the rotary tillage blade roller 57, the rotary tillage blades 15 are made of forged and pressed steel plates, the blade head part of the rotary tillage blades 15 is bent and treated, and is welded or bolted to the rotary tillage blade roller 57; the front upper side of the rotary tillage blade 15 is provided with the auxiliary roller 16, a plurality of paddles are arranged on the auxiliary roller 16; the auxiliary roller 16 has the same turning direction as the rotary tillage blades 15, in the working process, the rotary tillage blades 15 partially enter the plough layer soil, and the soil is broken and rotated by continuously rotating in the soil, the paddles of the auxiliary roller 16 will push the film-soil mixture splashed to the direction of the conveying belt 6, and the auxiliary roller 16 and the rotary tillage blades 15 jointly throw the film soil to the conveying belt 6 behind the rotary tillage blades 15. When the rotary tillage blades 15 rotate in the process of rotary tillage and soil throwing, part of the soil and larger residual films will be thrown to the front of the rotary tillage blades 15 due to centrifugal force, and sometimes the residual films will fall on the blades of the rotary tillage blades 15 in the process of floating in the air, and the residual films will be wound on the rotary tillage blade roller 57 due to continuous accumulation. After the auxiliary roller 16 is arranged, the soil and residual films brought to the front due to centrifugal force will be re-thrown to the working area of the rotary tillage blades 15 under the rotation of the paddles of the auxiliary roller 16. In this way, compared with the traditional soil throwing device with only the rotary tillage blades 15, the efficiency is higher, and the problem of film winding on the rotary tillage blade roller 57 is avoided; the frame 5 is provided with a gear box 3, the gear box 3 is provided with transmission shaft gears 46, auxiliary roller gears 47, gear box idlers 49 and rotary tillage blade gears 50 which are sequentially meshed, one end of the rotary tillage blade roller 57 is fixedly connected with the rotary tillage blade gears 50, one end of the auxiliary roller 16 is fixedly connected with the auxiliary roller gears 47, the transmission shaft gears 46 are fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 4, the transmission shaft 4 is externally connected with a power device through the speed reducer 2, in the process of operation of the residual film recycling machine, the tractor serves as the power device, the tractor is connected with the traction frame 1, the rear power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the speed reducer 2 through a universal joint, power is transmitted to the rotary tillage blades 15 and the auxiliary roller 16 above, the tractor and the rear power output shaft thereof are both mature known technologies, and will not be described herein; the rotary tillage blade roller and the auxiliary roller 16 can be driven to synchronously rotate, and the rotary tillage blade roller 57 and the auxiliary roller 16 have the same rotation direction.

[0036] The film soil treatment module of the embodiment comprises a conveying mechanism and a rolling mechanism; the rolling mechanism is located close to the film collecting box 10, the conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged between the rotary tiller 15 and the rolling mechanism, and the conveying mechanism can receive the film soil thrown by the rotary tiller auxiliary throwing module and convey it to the rolling mechanism, and the rolling mechanism can crush the film soil. The conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt driving roller 22 arranged behind the rotary tiller roller and a conveying belt driven roller 18 arranged obliquely above the rolling mechanism, and a closed conveying belt is wound between the conveying belt driving roller 22 and the conveying belt driven roller 18; one end of the conveying belt driving roller 22 is fixedly provided with a conveying belt driving roller sprocket 51, the outer side of the gear box idler 49 is fixedly connected with a gear box external sprocket 48 through an idler shaft, and the gear box external sprocket 48 and the conveying belt driving roller sprocket 51 are drivingly connected through a closed gear box conveying belt chain 30. The transmission shaft 4 of the embodiment comprises a left transmission shaft 402 and a right transmission shaft 401, one end of the left transmission shaft 402 and the right transmission shaft 401 is drivingly connected with the speed reducer 2, and the other end is connected with the corresponding left side baffle 26 or right side baffle 25; the end of the left transmission shaft 402 away from the gear box 3 is provided with a transmission shaft pulley 24, and the gear box 3 is located close to one end of the right side baffle 25; the end of the auxiliary roller 16 away from the gear box 3 is provided with an auxiliary roller pulley 28, and the auxiliary roller pulley 28 and the transmission shaft pulley 24 are drivingly connected through a closed auxiliary roller V-belt 29; the outer side of the left side baffle 26 is fixedly provided with a belt tensioning device 27, the belt tensioning device 27 is movably provided with a belt tensioning wheel 23, and the belt tensioning wheel 23 abuts against the outer side of the auxiliary roller V-belt 29.

[0037] The function of the conveying belt 6 is to convey the film soil mixture thrown by the rotary tiller 15 and the auxiliary roller 16 to the rolling area. During the rotary tillage process, not all the soil in the tillage layer can be thrown to the conveying belt 6, and the rotary tillage film soil loss is inevitable. In order to improve the recovery rate of residual film and ensure that the film soil mixture thrown to the conveying belt 6 can be rolled as much as possible, the conveying belt 6 is not provided with a circular hole for screening separation and a device for increasing shaking separation. In addition to the driving roller and the transmission roller, two conveying auxiliary rollers are arranged in the middle area of the conveying belt 6. The conveying belt 6 is symmetrically provided with a driving roller connecting plate 33 and an auxiliary roller connecting plate 31 on both sides. The two ends of the driving roller are connected to the two driving roller connecting plates 33 through bearings. The conveying auxiliary rollers are connected between the two auxiliary roller connecting plates 31, including a first auxiliary roller 17 and a second auxiliary roller 21. The lower surface of the film soil area of the conveying belt 6 is in contact with the auxiliary auxiliary roller, that is, the upper surface of the upper conveying belt 6 is used for conveying the film soil, and the lower surface is in contact with the first auxiliary roller 17 and the second auxiliary roller 21. The first auxiliary roller 17 and the second auxiliary roller 21 have no power input, and their rotation relies on the movement of the conveying belt 6 and the friction between the first auxiliary roller 17, the second auxiliary roller 21 and the conveying belt 6. During the operation of the conveying belt 6, the first auxiliary roller 17 and the second auxiliary roller 21 can prevent the middle part of the conveying belt 6 from being concave downward, avoid large deformation, thereby reducing the vibration of the conveying belt 6, and avoiding fatigue failure of the conveying belt 6.

[0038] In order to realize the rolling of the film soil, the rolling mechanism of the embodiment includes a front rolling roller 7 and a rear rolling roller 9 arranged symmetrically below the conveying belt driven roller 18. One end of the front rolling roller 7 and the rear rolling roller 9 is connected through the meshing front rolling roller gear 52 and the rear rolling roller gear 53. The end of the front rolling roller gear 52 away from the rear rolling roller gear 53 is engaged with a reversing idler 19. The reversing idler 19 is engaged with a conveying belt driven roller outer gear 34, which is fixedly connected with one end of the conveying belt driven roller 18. The front rolling roller 7 and the rear rolling roller 9 rotate in opposite directions to roll the film soil conveyed by the conveying belt 6. In order to optimize the structure of the machine and make it as simple and light as possible under the condition of meeting the function, the feeding port is no longer designed separately. The rolling fixed plates 13 on both sides of the front rolling roller 7 and the rear rolling roller 9 constitute the left and right limits of the rolling area. The gap between the conveying belt driven roller 18 and the front rolling roller 7 and the middle gap constitute the front limit of the rolling, and the rear rolling roller 9 and the soil baffle 8 form the rear limit of the rolling. The shape of the hopper formed by this is the rolling area.

[0039] The rack 5 is fixed with two symmetrical roller connecting plates 32, the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9 are connected to the corresponding roller connecting plates 32 through bearings at both ends; a vertically inclined soil retaining plate 8 is fixed between the two roller connecting plates 32, the soil retaining plate 8 is located above the rear roller 9, which can prevent the film soil transported from the conveying belt 6 from falling out of the rolling range due to excessive speed, and the film soil transported at excessive speed will be blocked by the soil retaining plate 8 and then enter between the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9 along the inclined soil retaining plate 8 for rolling, ensuring that all the film soil transported can be rolled.

[0040] The film soil mixture transported from the conveying belt 6 does not fall vertically between the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9 when falling into the rolling area, because this will immediately cause congestion and serious stress on the rollers. Instead, under the condition of a certain initial speed of the conveying belt 6, they will make a horizontal motion, and they will fall on the soil retaining plate 8 or the middle area of the rear roller 9, and then gradually slide layer by layer to the gap between the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9 under the action of their own gravity and the rear roller 9. The film soil mixture has a large friction and is mostly granular, and it is easy to be rolled during the rolling process of the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9 under the action of gravity and the rotation of the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9. The film soil mixture in the plough layer includes soil, residual film and straw fragments, and the field has been worked by a share plow and a combined land preparation machine when the residual film in the plough layer is recycled, so the soil can be directly plowed and cultivated, and the soil is in small pieces and granular form at this time. After the rotation of the rotary tiller 15, the soil will become more fragmented, so most of the soil is in granular form during the rolling process of the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9, and can pass through the roller directly, and a small part of the soil is in the form of small soil blocks, which can be broken with little force. For straw, the straw has been irregularly broken after plowing, and has been turned into the ground and buried for four to five months in winter, and will be slowly corroded and softened by microorganisms in the soil. These straw fragments have no large mechanical properties and can easily pass through the front roller 7 and the rear roller 9. For the residual film in the plough layer, the surface and volume are very small, and it can pass through smoothly even if there is no gap in the roller. In the structure of the roller, a larger diameter is set to reduce the rolling time, and gear transmission is selected for transmission, which has a stable transmission ratio and can bear a large load.

[0041] The fan 14 of the embodiment comprises a casing arranged obliquely below the rolling mechanism, a fan shaft 55 connected through a fan bearing 54 in the casing, a plurality of fan blades arranged around the fan shaft 55, an air outlet arranged at one end of the casing and facing the rolling mechanism; a fan sprocket 56 fixed at one end of the fan shaft 55, a rear roller sprocket 35 fixed at one end of the rear roller 9 away from the rear roller gear 53, and the rear roller sprocket 35 and the fan sprocket 56 connected through the closed roller fan transmission chain 11. In the transmission of the fan 14, the rear roller 9 with the rear roller sprocket 35 drives the fan 14 with the fan sprocket 56 to achieve chain transmission, so as to accelerate the rotation speed of the fan 14 and increase the wind speed. The shape of the air outlet of the fan 14 is a trapezoidal horn with gradually increasing size from inside to outside, and an inclined fan guide plate 20 is connected to the upper end of the air outlet at the end of the trapezoid, which can ensure that the small soil particles or small residual films after rolling are blown to the front of the fan 14 due to the action of the wind force and move in the direction of the film collection box 10. Instead of irregular movement under the disturbance of the wind force, or even moving in the opposite direction of the fan 14 and re-entering the soil in the field.

[0042] The membrane collecting box 10 includes a membrane collecting box square tube frame 38 with a longitudinal section being a right-angled trapezoid, the bottom of the membrane collecting box square tube frame 38 is fixedly connected with the frame 5 through a membrane collecting box frame connecting block 45; the membrane collecting box square tube frame 38 is provided with a membrane plate, the membrane plate is provided with screen holes 42; the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 is located close to one end of the rolling mechanism; the membrane soil inlet includes two symmetrical screen hole-free vertical connecting plates 43, the bottom of the two screen hole-free vertical connecting plates 43 is connected with a lower inclined guide plate 44, so that the relatively heavy straw and part of the accumulated small soil blocks can smoothly slide along the inclined surface to the ground; the top of the two screen hole-free vertical connecting plates 43 is fixedly provided with an upper inclined guide plate 36 which is parallel to the lower inclined guide plate 44, and the lower end of the upper inclined guide plate 36 with a lower height is located at a position close to the rear of the rolling mechanism. The upper inclined guide plate 36 of the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 keeps a small gap with the rear rolling roller 9. The horn-shaped outlet of the fan 14 corresponds to the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10, especially the lower inclined guide plate 44 of the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10, the wind force after the fan 14 blows out will move along the horn-shaped outlet, so as to ensure that the wind force of the fan 14 reaches the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 at the first time after blowing out, and avoid the attenuation and overflow of the wind force of the fan 14. In order to further increase the wind force of the fan 14 for effective screening, the air inlet structure of the membrane collecting box 10 is designed in a matched manner. The structure design is inspired by the Laval nozzle, the area section of the wind of the fan 14 from the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 to the inside of the membrane collecting box 10 will change from large to small, and then from small to large, and the area section at the edge of the lower inclined guide plate 44 far away from the inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 is the smallest. The front part of the membrane collecting box 10 is a narrow throat which shrinks to the middle from large to small, and then diffuses to the inside of the membrane collecting box 10 from small to large, the wind force of the fan 14 flows from the front half of the membrane soil inlet of the membrane collecting box 10 to the rear half through the narrow throat, and the structure can change the speed of the airflow due to the change of the section, so as to accelerate the airflow and avoid the phenomenon of insufficient wind force of the fan 14.

[0043] In addition to the inlet direction, the membrane plate is provided with a plurality of screen holes 42 in each direction, and the membrane plate specifically includes a left screen hole 42 plate, a right screen hole plate 37, an upper screen hole plate 39, a rear screen hole plate 40 and a bottom screen hole plate 41; in the process of advancing the machine, most of the impurities except the residual membrane will be discharged from the screen holes 42 due to the vibration of the machine and the continuous airflow blown out by the fan 14. The recycling effect of the residual membrane and the cleaning will be good, and the effect is better than that of the traditional tillage layer residual membrane recycling machine.

[0044] The function of the conveying belt 6 is to convey the film soil mixture thrown by the rotary tiller 15 and the auxiliary roller 16 to the rolling area. During the rotary tillage process, the soil in the tillage layer is not all thrown to the conveying belt 6, and the rotary tillage film soil loss is inevitable. In order to improve the recovery rate of residual film and ensure that the film soil mixture thrown to the conveying belt 6 can be rolled by the counter-roller as much as possible, the conveying belt 6 is not provided with a round hole for screening and separating and a device for increasing shaking and separating. In order to prevent part of the film soil from not falling smoothly on the ground along the screen holes 42 of the upper and lower conveying belts 6, but falling from the screen holes 42 of the upper conveying belt 6 to the middle area of the conveying belt 6, and falling to the driving roller along with the inclination of the conveying belt 6, causing the driving roller to gather hard soil groups formed by continuous stress rolling and causing the conveying belt 6 to jump up and down.

[0045] The principle and implementation mode of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application. Meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the present application should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A machine for recycling residual film from tillage layers, characterized in that: include: The frame has transport wheels at its bottom and a towing frame fixed at one end. A rotary tillage-assisted soil-spreading module is installed at one end of the frame and is used for rotary tillage and spreading of the film-covered soil containing impurities in the tillage layer; The film soil treatment module can receive the film soil thrown by the rotary tillage-assisted soil throwing module, and crush the film soil so that the crushed film soil falls freely. The film collection module has a blower and a film collection box. The film collection box is located at the end of the film soil treatment module away from the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module. The blower is located diagonally below the position where the film soil falls freely, and can blow the lighter residual film and impurities in the freely falling broken film soil into the film collection box.

2. The residual film recycling machine for tillage layer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tillage-assisted soil-throwing module includes a rotary tillage blade roller and an auxiliary roller disposed at one end of the frame. Multiple rotary tillage blades are evenly arranged in a ring on the rotary tillage blade roller. The auxiliary roller is located above and in front of the rotary tillage blades, and multiple paddles are arranged in a ring on the auxiliary roller. A gearbox is disposed on the frame, containing a drive shaft gear, an auxiliary roller gear, a gearbox idler gear, and a rotary tillage blade gear that mesh sequentially. One end of the rotary tillage blade roller is fixedly connected to the rotary tillage blade gear, and one end of the auxiliary roller is fixedly connected to the auxiliary roller gear. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the drive shaft gear, and a power device is externally connected to the drive shaft via a reducer. The power device can drive the rotary tillage blade roller and the auxiliary roller to rotate synchronously, and the rotary tillage blade roller and the auxiliary roller rotate in the same direction.

3. The residual film recycling machine for tillage layer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The film soil treatment module includes a conveying mechanism and a compaction mechanism; the compaction mechanism is located near the film collection box, the conveying mechanism is inclined between the rotary tillage blade and the compaction mechanism, and the conveying mechanism can receive the film soil scattered by the rotary tillage auxiliary soil throwing module and convey it to the compaction mechanism, which can crush the film soil.

4. The tillage film residue recycling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt drive roller located behind the rotary tiller roller and a conveyor belt driven roller located obliquely above the compaction mechanism. A closed conveyor belt is wound between the conveyor belt drive roller and the conveyor belt driven roller. A conveyor belt drive roller sprocket is fixedly provided at one end of the conveyor belt drive roller. An external sprocket of the gearbox is fixedly connected to the outside of the gearbox idler wheel through the idler wheel shaft. The external sprocket of the gearbox and the conveyor belt drive roller sprocket are connected by a closed gearbox conveyor belt chain drive.

5. The tillage film residue recycling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling mechanism includes a front rolling roller and a rear rolling roller symmetrically arranged below the driven roller of the conveyor belt. One end of the front rolling roller and the rear rolling roller are connected by meshing front rolling roller gears and rear rolling roller gears. The end of the front rolling roller gear away from the rear rolling roller gear is meshed with a reversing idler gear. The reversing idler gear is meshed with an external gear of the driven roller of the conveyor belt. The external gear of the driven roller of the conveyor belt is fixedly connected to one end of the driven roller of the conveyor belt.

6. The tillage film residue recycling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The blower includes a housing located obliquely below the rolling mechanism. A blower shaft is connected to the housing via a blower bearing. Multiple fan blades are arranged around the blower shaft. An air outlet is provided at one end of the housing, facing the rolling mechanism. A blower sprocket is fixedly provided at one end of the blower shaft. A rear rolling roller sprocket is fixedly provided at the end of the rear rolling roller away from the rear rolling roller gear. The rear rolling roller sprocket and the blower sprocket are connected by a closed rolling roller blower drive chain.

7. The tillage film residue recycling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two symmetrical roller connecting plates are fixedly installed on the frame. Both ends of the front roller and the rear roller are connected to the corresponding roller connecting plates by bearings. A vertically inclined retaining plate is fixed between the two roller connecting plates, and the retaining plate is located above the rear roller.

8. The residual film recycling machine for tillage layer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The film collection box includes a square tube frame with a longitudinal cross-section of a right trapezoid. The bottom of the square tube frame is fixedly connected to the frame via a film collection box frame connecting block. A film plate is provided on the square tube frame, and the film plate has sieve holes. The film-soil inlet of the film collection box is located near the compaction mechanism. The film-soil inlet includes two symmetrical vertical connecting plates without sieve holes. The bottom of the two vertical connecting plates without sieve holes is connected to a downward inclined guide plate. The top of the two vertical connecting plates without sieve holes is fixedly provided with an upward inclined guide plate parallel to the downward inclined guide plate. The lower end of the upward inclined guide plate is located near the rear of the compaction mechanism.

9. The tillage film recycling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end of the frame is symmetrically provided with a left baffle and a right baffle. One end of the drive shaft, auxiliary roller, and rotary tiller roller are all connected to the left baffle via bearings, and the other end is connected to the right baffle via bearings. The drive shaft has a drive shaft pulley at the end away from the gearbox, and the gearbox is located near the right baffle. The auxiliary roller has an auxiliary roller pulley at the end away from the gearbox, and the auxiliary roller pulley and the drive shaft pulley are connected by a closed auxiliary roller V-belt drive. A belt tensioning device is fixedly provided on the outside of the left baffle, and a belt tensioning wheel is movably provided on the belt tensioning device. The belt tensioning wheel abuts against the outside of the auxiliary roller V-belt.

10. The tillage film recycling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveyor belt is symmetrically provided with active roller connecting plates and auxiliary roller connecting plates on both sides. The two ends of the active roller are connected to the two active roller connecting plates by bearings. A conveying auxiliary roller is connected between the two auxiliary roller connecting plates. The lower surface of the conveyor belt used for conveying the membrane soil area is in contact with the conveying auxiliary roller.

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