Tunnel monitoring measuring point positioning tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel monitoring measuring point positioning tool. Comprising an embedded unit and an outer protection unit, and the embedded unit and the outer protection unit are detachably connected. The pre-embedded unit comprises a pre-embedded pile casing, a measuring point fixing rod reinforcing steel bar and an anchoring agent, the pre-embedded pile casing is embedded in a rock stratum, the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing steel bar is arranged in the pre-embedded pile casing, and the anchoring agent is filled between the pre-embedded pile casing and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing steel bar; the outer protection unit comprises a screw thread protection cylinder and a protection cylinder which are detachably connected, a nut is arranged in the screw thread protection cylinder, one end of the nut is detachably connected with the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing steel bar, the other end of the nut is connected with a monitoring point identifier, and the monitoring point identifier is located in the protection cylinder. According to the tool, through the innovative design of split pre-burying and protective cylinder protection, the industrial problems that tunnel monitoring measuring points are prone to being damaged, shielded and loosened in the burying process are perfectly solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to tunnel construction technical field, concretely is a kind of tunnel monitoring measurement point positioning tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In tunnel excavation stage, bench method is used, and tunnel monitoring measurement point needs to be set on the surface of initial support after excavation, and the setting of tunnel monitoring measurement point in present construction stage is arbitrary, for example Figure 1 As shown in the tunnel monitoring measurement point layout diagram after excavation, seven point positions are laid on each excavation section, one point position is laid on the inner rail top surface, and the worker welds monitoring and measuring mark on steel frame or impact turns to drill depth, and it is not buried into rock layer, which does not meet the construction standard requirement, and the arbitrary layout is not conducive to tunnel monitoring. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0003] The problem to be solved provides a kind of tunnel monitoring measurement point positioning tool to standardize the setting of tunnel monitoring measurement point.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme: a kind of tunnel monitoring measurement point positioning tool, including pre-buried unit and outer protection unit, pre-buried unit and outer protection unit are detachably connected;Pre-buried unit includes pre-buried casing, measurement point fixed rod steel bar and anchoring agent, pre-buried casing is buried into rock layer and measurement point fixed rod steel bar is set in pre-buried casing, and anchoring agent is filled between pre-buried casing and measurement point fixed rod steel bar;Outer protection unit includes detachably connected screw thread casing and protection cylinder, nut is provided in screw thread casing, one end of nut is detachably connected with measurement point fixed rod steel bar, and the other end is connected with monitoring point mark, and monitoring point mark is located in protection cylinder.

[0005] Preferably, the end of the measurement point fixed rod steel bar connected with the nut is provided with a helical thread, and the helical thread is detachably connected with the nut.

[0006] Preferably, the end of the pre-buried casing deep into the rock layer is provided with a barbed cat paw, and the barbed cat paw includes a plurality of through slits, and the through slits are arranged along the length direction of the pre-buried casing.

[0007] Preferably, the nut is welded on the inner wall of the screw thread casing.

[0008] Preferably, a support rod is welded inside the monitoring point mark, and the support rod is welded with the end of the nut.

[0009] Preferably, the length of the pre-buried casing is 15-20 cm.

[0010] Preferably, the length of the measurement point fixed rod steel bar is greater than 20 cm, and the length of the helical thread is 1 cm.

[0011] Preferably, the length of the through-slit is 5cm and one end of the pre-embedded casing is cut through.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a tooling for locating tunnel monitoring measurement points, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] This tooling, through its innovative design of "split pre-embedded parts + protective casing," perfectly solves the industry problems of easily damaged, easily obscured, and easily loosened tunnel monitoring and measurement points.

[0014] Its scientific layout, reliable anchoring, and user-friendly construction significantly improve the reliability of monitoring data, providing a tool for tunnel construction safety and quality control, and possessing great potential for large-scale promotion. The fixture is easy to install and protects the monitoring points from external interference and damage.

[0015] Zero interference during shotcrete application: The casing isolates the concrete, 100% preventing the measuring point from being buried by concrete; Simple and easy to promote: The total weight of the casing and measuring nail is less than 1kg, which can be carried and installed by a single person; No electricity or complicated tools are required, and it can also be used in mountain tunnels.

[0016] Threaded sleeves and protective sleeves can be reused more than 500 times, reducing costs by 70%. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the layout of the tooling of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the embedded unit structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer protective unit structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring point identification structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model after installation;

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10. Embedded unit; 1. Embedded casing; 11. Barbed cat claw; 12. Through joint; 2. Measuring point fixing rod reinforcement; 21. Spiral pattern; 3. Anchoring agent; 20. Outer protective unit; 4. Threaded casing; 5. Protective casing; 6. Nut; 7. Monitoring point marker; 71. Support rod; 30. Rock stratum. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model:

[0025] The installation of monitoring and measurement points during tunnel construction often faces the following problems:

[0026] 1. Shotcrete covering: The measuring point was buried in concrete, making it impossible to read data;

[0027] 2. Loose measuring point failure: Insecure anchoring or vibration causes the measuring pin to fall off, resulting in data distortion;

[0028] 3. Reckless construction and distorted measurement data: The measurement monitoring points are welded to the steel frame, and the measurement data reflects the deformation of the steel frame, but does not detect the actual displacement of the surrounding rock. This poses a significant safety hazard.

[0029] 4. Low reuse rate: Temporary protection devices are easily damaged, increasing costs.

[0030] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model designs a tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture, comprising a pre-embedded unit 10 and an outer protective unit 20, achieving precise positioning, secure fixing, and efficient protection of the measurement points. The pre-embedded unit 10 and the outer protective unit 20 are detachably connected. The pre-embedded unit 10 includes a pre-embedded casing 1, a measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar 2, and an anchoring agent 3. The pre-embedded casing 1 is embedded in the rock stratum 30, and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar 2 is placed inside the pre-embedded casing 1. The space between the pre-embedded casing 1 and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar 2 is filled with the anchoring agent 3. The outer protective unit 20 includes a detachably connected threaded casing 4 and a protective casing 5. A nut 6 is provided inside the threaded casing 4, and the nut 6 is welded to the inner wall of the threaded casing 4. One end of the nut 6 is detachably connected to the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar 2, and the other end is connected to a monitoring point marker 7. The end of the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar 2 connected to the nut 6 has a spiral thread 21, which is detachably connected to the nut 6. The monitoring point marker 7 is located inside the protective cylinder 5. A support rod 71 is welded inside the monitoring point marker 7, and the support rod 71 is welded to the end of the nut 6.

[0031] In order to make the tooling more stable to anchor to the rock stratum 30, the end of the pre-embedded casing 1 that extends into the rock stratum is provided with barbed claws 11. The barbed claws 11 include several through slots 12, which are set along the length of the pre-embedded casing 1.

[0032] like Figure 2As shown, the embedded casing 1 is made of thin-walled stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 50mm, a wall thickness of 2mm, and a galvanized surface for rust prevention. One end of the embedded casing 1 is provided with barbed claws 11, which include several through slots 12. The through slots 12 are set along the length of the embedded casing 1, with a length of 5cm, and cut through one end of the steel pipe. The length of the embedded casing 1 can be determined according to the rock stratum 30, with a minimum cutting length of not less than 15cm. To facilitate construction, during the installation of the swivel anchor pipe, a swivel rod can be used to embed the embedded casing 1 into the rock stratum at the monitoring point. One end of the barbed claws 11 is expanded with anchoring agent to securely fix it to the rock stratum 30, and the other end is also inside the rock stratum 30. After the embedded casing 1 is installed in place, it will not protrude from the rock stratum 30.

[0033] The pre-embedded casing 1 is embedded within the surrounding rock stratum 30, with a length of approximately 15-20cm. The pre-embedded casing 1 is also accompanied by a measuring point fixing rod 2. According to relevant specifications, the measuring point fixing rod 2 uses Φ22 threaded steel, and its length is required to penetrate the bedrock by at least 20cm. Figure 2 The measuring point fixing rod 2 is anchored inside the pre-embedded casing 1. The cutting length is determined according to the site conditions, generally greater than 20cm. One end of the measuring point fixing rod 2 has a spiral 21 with a length of 1cm. The end of the measuring point fixing rod 2 without the spiral 21 passes through the pre-embedded casing 1 and inserts into the rock layer 30. Anchoring agent 3 is injected into the pre-embedded casing 1. Anchoring agent 3 can be a quick-setting epoxy resin capsule. After the anchoring agent 3 is injected into the pre-embedded casing 1, it automatically cracks and solidifies at the barbed claw 11, forming an expansion that effectively consolidates the pre-embedded casing 1 with the rock. The measuring point fixing rod 2 has a spiral 21 on one side and is anchored inside the pre-embedded casing 1 on the other side. The length of the measuring point fixing rod 2 can be determined according to the over-excavation situation on site, but the length anchored to the rock must be no less than 20cm, that is, the part in contact with the rock must be no less than 20cm. The pre-embedded casing 1 underwent a compressive strength test (≥20MPa) and a tensile test (≥10kN) on the steel pipe; the anchoring agent 3 underwent a curing time test (reaching 90% strength after 24 hours at 20℃). The pre-embedded depth of the pre-embedded casing 1 matches the tunnel convergence monitoring point specification (JTG / T 3660-2020), ensuring that the spacing between measuring points is ≤5m; the top elevation of the pre-embedded casing 1 is uniform, facilitating automatic scanning and data collection by the total station. (A total of 8 measuring points) Figure 1 (represented by a medium triangle).

[0034] like Figures 3-6 As shown, the threaded sleeve 4 is made of the same material as the pre-embedded sleeve 1, and reflective markings can be affixed to the outside (to avoid mechanical collisions); the threaded sleeve 4 is normally connected to the protective sleeve 5 by threads to seal the measuring point for dust and impact prevention, and the protective sleeve 5 quickly separates from the threaded sleeve 4 to start monitoring during measurement.

[0035] Surveyors used CAD models for pre-layout to determine, for example... Figure 1 The installation points shown should be aligned to avoid conflicts between the measuring points and the reinforcing steel frame. After installation, use a laser positioning instrument to verify the coordinates of the eight points; the error should be ≤2mm. During installation, provide extra M22 nuts (6) and epoxy anchoring agent (3). Replace nuts (6) promptly if they become unwelded or damaged, ensuring that the threaded sleeve (4) and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing steel (2) are anchored to meet the on-site pull-out force.

[0036] The installation process of this utility model tooling includes:

[0037] 1. Pre-embedding stage:

[0038] After drilling, insert the pre-embedded casing 1, and use the barbed cat claw 11 to anchor and expand to hold the surrounding rock layer 30. The length of the pre-embedded casing 1 is about 150mm-200mm (which can effectively meet the anchoring requirements of the measuring point fixing rod steel bar 2).

[0039] Measurement point installation:

[0040] Insert the measuring point fixing rod 2 into the pre-embedded casing 1. The cutting length of the measuring point fixing rod 2 is determined according to the over-excavation situation on site. The tail end of the measuring point fixing rod 2 is anchored in the pre-embedded casing 1. The tail quick-setting anchoring agent 3 flows into the gap between the pre-embedded casing 1 and the hole wall, and the rod is anchored to the rock as one piece. It is cured in 24 hours to form a "mechanical + chemical" double anchoring. The threaded casing 4 is connected to the measuring point fixing rod 2 through the nut 6. The nut 6 is welded to the monitoring point mark 7. The protective sleeve 5 is sleeved outside the monitoring point mark 7 and threadedly connected to the threaded casing 4.

[0041] 3. Protection Phase:

[0042] The rotating threaded protective sleeve 4 has reflective markings on its outer side. When construction machinery collides with the sleeve, it springs open to absorb the impact and protects the measuring nail from damage. During measurement, the protective sleeve 5 (with reflective markings on its outer side) can be rotated with one hand without the need for tools. The monitoring point marking 7 is exposed, allowing for normal measurement operations. When not measuring, the monitoring point marking 7 is covered by the protective sleeve 5 for protection. When the unit is to be moved, the outer protective unit 20 can be unscrewed and transferred, that is, the nut 6 is separated from the measuring point fixing rod steel bar 2, and the unit can be transferred to the next construction section.

[0043] The Xicheng Railway Tunnel, in the Class V surrounding rock section, was excavated using the three-stage method. The results are as follows:

[0044] Measurement point survival rate: increased from 65% using traditional methods to 85%;

[0045] Data deviation: The standard deviation of displacement monitored over 30 consecutive days decreased from ±0.3 mm to ±0.1 mm;

[0046] Construction efficiency: Single-point installation time is reduced from 15 minutes to 5 minutes.

[0047] This tooling, through its innovative design of "split-type pre-embedded + casing protection," perfectly solves the industry problems of easily damaged, obscured, and loosened tunnel monitoring and measurement points. Its scientific layout, reliable anchoring, and user-friendly construction significantly improve the reliability of monitoring data, providing a tool for tunnel construction safety and quality control, and possessing large-scale promotion value. It is easy to install and protects the measurement points from external interference and damage. Zero interference from shotcrete: the casing isolates the concrete, 100% avoiding burying the measurement points; the tooling is simple and easy to promote: the total weight of the casing and measuring pins is <1kg, which can be carried and installed by a single person; no electricity or complex tools are required, and it can also be used in mountain tunnels. The threaded casing 4 can be reused more than 500 times, reducing costs by 70%; the pre-embedded casing 1 and the measuring point fixing rod steel bar 2 are permanently embedded in the shotcrete, and do not need to be removed during subsequent waterproofing membrane laying and secondary lining steel bar binding construction. (Only the outer protection unit 20 needs to be disassembled, making it easy to carry and reusable).

[0048] The above embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tooling for locating monitoring and measurement points in a tunnel, characterized in that: The system includes a pre-embedded unit (10) and an outer protective unit (20), which are detachably connected. The pre-embedded unit (10) includes a pre-embedded casing (1), a measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar (2), and an anchoring agent (3). The pre-embedded casing (1) is embedded in the rock stratum (30) and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar (2) is placed inside the pre-embedded casing (1). The pre-embedded casing (1) and the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar (2) are filled with an anchoring agent (3). The outer protective unit (20) includes a detachably connected threaded casing (4) and a protective casing (5). The threaded casing (4) is provided with a nut (6). One end of the nut (6) is detachably connected to the measuring point fixing rod reinforcing bar (2), and the other end is connected to a monitoring point marker (7). The monitoring point marker (7) is located inside the protective casing (5).

2. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the measuring point fixing rod (2) connected to the nut (6) is provided with a spiral thread (21), and the spiral thread (21) and the nut (6) are detachably connected.

3. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-embedded casing (1) is provided with barbed cat claws (11) at one end that extends into the rock stratum. The barbed cat claws (11) include several through slots (12), which are set along the length of the pre-embedded casing (1).

4. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Nut (6) is welded to the inner wall of threaded sleeve (4).

5. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring point marker (7) has a support rod (71) welded inside, and the support rod (71) is welded to the end of the nut (6).

6. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the pre-embedded casing (1) is 15-20cm.

7. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The length of the measuring point fixing rod (2) is greater than 20cm, and the length of the spiral (21) is 1cm.

8. The tunnel monitoring and measurement point positioning fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the through seam (12) is 5cm and one end of the pre-embedded casing (1) is cut through.

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