Air bag device for construction of foam concrete buffer layer of cross-fault tunnel

Abstract

The utility model provides an air bag device for construction of a cross-fault tunnel foam concrete buffer layer. The air bag device comprises an inflatable flexible air bag, a first annular closed steel formwork and a second annular closed steel formwork. The first annular closed steel formwork and the second annular closed steel formwork are arranged at the two ends of the inflatable flexible air bag. An inflation connector is arranged at one end of the inflatable flexible air bag, and a first filling pipeline and a second filling pipeline are arranged on the first annular closed steel formwork and the second annular closed steel formwork. The construction efficiency is remarkably improved on the premise of not losing the shock absorption and isolation performance of the foam concrete, one-time forming is achieved, the construction quality is guaranteed, and the cost is saved; in addition, due to the reusable characteristic of the air bag device, the construction cost is further reduced, and the problems that in a traditional construction method, efficiency is low, the seismic mitigation and isolation performance of the expanded excavation section foam concrete buffer layer is difficult to guarantee, and cost is high are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mountain tunnel construction technology, specifically to an airbag device for the construction of foamed concrete buffer layers in cross-fault tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] The complex terrain of central and western my country means that tunnel construction in these regions sometimes inevitably involves traversing active fault zones. Faults and fracture zones present severe challenges to tunnel engineering, as both fault activity and strong earthquakes are unavoidable issues in the construction of tunnels spanning fault lines. Under seismic loads or fault slippage, tunnels near fault fracture zones can suffer severe damage, reducing the tunnel structure's durability and making repairs extremely difficult. Therefore, establishing a scientific and effective support system to improve the tunnel structure's resistance to fault hazards has significant engineering application value.

[0003] Domestic and international scholars have conducted extensive research to improve the performance of cross-fault tunnels in terms of fault resistance and seismic absorption. One of the most important and widely used seismic isolation and damping measures is the combination of fault section widening and energy dissipation design. Foamed concrete, due to its numerous pores, also possesses excellent deformation properties. Furthermore, it exhibits good workability and durability, making it suitable for the geological environment and on-site construction requirements of underground structures such as tunnels. Therefore, widening the excavation between the primary and secondary linings of cross-fault tunnels and filling it with flexible materials such as foamed concrete or rubber can absorb fault slippage or seismic energy, thereby reducing or preventing severe damage to the secondary lining.

[0004] Because conventional foamed concrete requires a 7-day curing period to reach demolding strength, far longer than the usual 24 hours, if directly applied to the support structure, it may collapse under fault pressure before fully curing. Therefore, the traditional method for constructing foamed concrete in the widened section of a fault zone involves filling the foamed concrete into PE pipes to allow it to "pass" the 7-day curing period. After reaching the required strength at a processing location within the tunnel, it is transported to the construction site and installed as a whole within the damping layer. However, this method is not only cumbersome and complex, but also labor-intensive and time-consuming, severely hindering construction progress. Most importantly, the presence of PE pipes significantly reduces the seismic isolation performance of the foamed concrete, preventing the widened fault zone's foamed concrete buffer layer from being formed in one go, thus affecting the seismic safety of the tunnel crossing the fault zone. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an airbag device for the construction of foamed concrete buffer layers in cross-fault tunnels.

[0006] One aspect of this application provides an airbag device for the construction of a foamed concrete buffer layer in a cross-fault tunnel, comprising: an inflatable flexible airbag, a first annular closed steel template, and a second annular closed steel template.

[0007] The first annular closed steel template and the second annular closed steel template are disposed at both ends of the inflatable flexible airbag;

[0008] One end of the inflatable flexible airbag is provided with an inflation connector, and the first annular closed steel template and the second annular closed steel template are provided with a first injection pipe and a second injection pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the inflatable flexible airbag includes: an inflatable flexible airbag body;

[0010] Multiple stiffening strips are spaced apart on the surface of the inflatable flexible airbag body and are in a stretched state.

[0011] One end of the reinforcing strip is disposed at one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body, and the other end extends to the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body;

[0012] The inflatable flexible airbag body has corners for fitting into the tunnel after inflation.

[0013] Furthermore, the inflatable flexible airbag also includes:

[0014] The first base has multiple components, which are spaced apart on the stiffening strip;

[0015] The second base has multiple units, which are spaced apart at the corners of the inflatable flexible airbag body;

[0016] The support rods are multiple and are detachably connected to the first base and / or the second base, respectively.

[0017] The support rod has one end detachably connected to one end of the support rod, and the other end abuts against the tunnel.

[0018] Furthermore, the inflatable flexible airbag also includes a pressure gauge connected to the inflation connector for monitoring and recording the air pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag;

[0019] The inflatable flexible airbag body has multiple independent air chambers;

[0020] The inflation connector is connected to the air chamber and is located at the center of the end face of one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body.

[0021] Furthermore, the main body of the inflatable flexible airbag is made of multi-layer composite material;

[0022] The stiffening strip is made of fiber or metal wire;

[0023] Among them, at least one layer of the multilayer composite material is a waterproof and breathable membrane layer.

[0024] Furthermore, the first annular closed steel template includes a first annular steel plate, which is sleeved on one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body and sealed to one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body;

[0025] The first injection pipe is set on the first annular steel plate, with one end penetrating through the first annular steel plate and the other end extending obliquely towards the middle of the first annular steel plate.

[0026] Furthermore, the second annular closed steel template includes a second annular steel plate, which is sleeved on the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body and sealed to the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body;

[0027] The second injection pipe is installed on the second annular steel plate, with one end penetrating through the second annular steel plate and the other end extending obliquely towards the middle of the second annular steel plate.

[0028] Furthermore, a sealing gasket is provided at one end of the first annular steel plate and the second annular steel plate that connects to the inflatable flexible airbag body, for sealing the connection between the first annular steel plate, the second annular steel plate and the inflatable flexible airbag body.

[0029] Furthermore, the first annular steel plate and the second annular steel plate are provided with anti-slip toothed strips at the ends of the connection between them and the inflatable flexible airbag body, in order to increase the friction between them and the contact surface of the inflatable flexible airbag body.

[0030] Furthermore, the inflation connector is equipped with an automatic pressure relief device, which is used to automatically release excess gas when the internal pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag exceeds a set value.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, this application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The airbag device provided in this application is made by casting the concrete buffer layer of the cross-fault tunnel in one step, which reduces the cumbersome process of traditional formwork support and dismantling, greatly shortens the construction cycle, and ensures construction quality.

[0033] 2. The airbag device provided in this application provides better support and protection through the coordinated cooperation between the inflatable flexible airbag and the annular closed steel formwork, thereby improving the safety factor during construction and exhibiting strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Other features, objects, and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an airbag device for constructing a foamed concrete buffer layer in a cross-fault tunnel, according to one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an inflatable flexible airbag in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first base, support rod, support rod, and second base in one embodiment of this application.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inflation connector and pressure gauge structure in one embodiment of this application.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first and second annular closed steel templates in one embodiment of this application.

[0040] In the diagram: 100, inflatable flexible airbag; 101, inflatable flexible airbag body; 1011, corner; 102, stiffening strip; 110, first base; 111, support rod; 112, support rod; 113, second base; 114, inflation connector; 115, pressure gauge; 200, first annular closed steel template; 201, first annular steel plate; 202, first injection pipe; 300, second annular closed steel template; 301, second annular steel plate; 302, second injection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present application will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present application, but do not limit the present application in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application. These all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0044] In the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0046] Reference Figure 1 As shown in the figure, an airbag device for constructing a foamed concrete buffer layer in a cross-fault tunnel is provided according to an embodiment of this application. The device includes: an inflatable flexible airbag 100, a first annular closed steel template 200, and a second annular closed steel template 300. The first annular closed steel template 200 and the second annular closed steel template 300 are disposed at both ends of the inflatable flexible airbag 100. One end of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 is provided with an inflation connector 114, and the first annular closed steel template 200 and the second annular closed steel template 300 are provided with a first injection pipe 202 and a second injection pipe 302.

[0047] This application utilizes an inflatable flexible airbag 100, a first annular closed steel template 200, and a second annular closed steel template 300. The inflatable flexible airbag 100 is expanded via an inflation joint 114, and a sealed space is formed between the airbag 100 and the tunnel widening section via the first and second annular closed steel templates 200 and 300 at both ends. Finally, foamed concrete is uniformly injected through the first and second injection pipes 202 and 302. This significantly improves construction efficiency without compromising the vibration damping and isolation performance of the foamed concrete, achieving one-time molding, ensuring construction quality, and saving costs. Furthermore, the reusable nature of the airbag template system further reduces construction costs.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the inflatable flexible airbag 100 includes: an inflatable flexible airbag body 101; multiple stiffening strips 102, which are spaced apart on the surface of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101; one end of the stiffening strip 102 is disposed at one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101, and the other end extends to the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101; the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 has a corner 1011 for fitting against the tunnel after inflation.

[0049] Specifically, the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 has multiple independent air chambers inside to ensure that the entire airbag will not fail in the event of local damage; the stiffening strips 102 are woven from high-strength fibers or metal wires, which effectively enhance the overall structural strength of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 and prevent deformation or breakage during inflation. The stiffening strips 102 are evenly distributed on the entire surface of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101, ensuring uniform stress distribution when the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 is subjected to external pressure.

[0050] Specifically, the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 is a multi-layer composite material; wherein, at least one layer of the multi-layer composite material is a waterproof and breathable membrane layer.

[0051] The inflatable flexible airbag body 101 is made of multi-layer composite material, of which at least one layer is a waterproof and breathable membrane to ensure that the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 maintains internal pressure and prevents moisture from seeping in when inflated, while also having good flexibility and wear resistance.

[0052] For example, the outer layer is made of nylon fabric; the middle layer (waterproof and breathable membrane layer) is an ePTFE (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane; and the inner layer is made of polyester fiber.

[0053] Specifically, the function of the waterproof and breathable membrane is to effectively prevent external moisture from entering the flexible airbag body, avoiding material aging or corrosion caused by humidity changes and extending the airbag's service life. Simultaneously, its breathability ensures air circulation inside and outside the flexible airbag body, maintaining a stable air pressure environment. The choice of multi-layer composite materials not only enhances the physical strength of the flexible airbag body but also endows it with excellent flexibility and abrasion resistance, enabling the flexible airbag body to maintain good working condition even in complex construction environments.

[0054] The stiffening strip 102 is manufactured using prestressing technology and is pre-tensioned before the inflatable flexible airbag 100 is inflated, so as to enhance the overall rigidity and pressure resistance of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 after inflation.

[0055] Through prestressing technology, the stiffening strip 102 is in a tensile state when uninflated. When the inflatable flexible airbag 100 is inflated, the stiffening strip 102 can provide additional support to prevent the inflatable flexible airbag 100 from over-inflating or deforming, ensuring its shape stability. Angle 1011 is set so that the inflatable flexible airbag 100 can adapt to tunnels with different structures. That is, the shape of the inflated flexible airbag 100 matches the shape of the tunnel. The angle 1011 is mainly to match different structures in the tunnel, such as the angle where two surfaces are connected. The prestressed stiffening strip 102 significantly enhances the overall rigidity of the inflatable flexible airbag 100, making it more robust when subjected to external pressure and reducing the risk of damage caused by external forces.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the inflatable flexible airbag 100 further includes: a first base 110, having multiple bases, spaced apart on the stiffening strip 102; a second base 113, having multiple bases, spaced apart at the corners 1011 of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101; a support rod 111, having multiple support rods, detachably connected to the first base 110 and / or the second base 113 respectively; and a support rod 112, one end of which is detachably connected to one end of the support rod 111, and the other end abutting against the tunnel.

[0057] Specifically, in this application, the first base 110 is a variable-length support leg located at the bottom of the inflatable flexible airbag 100. Its length can be adjusted according to the actual tunnel cross-section to ensure a tight fit between the inflatable flexible airbag 100 and the tunnel wall. Each first base 110 is designed with a threaded interface for connection to standard support rods 111, thus adapting to tunnel environments of different heights and widths. The intermediate standard support rods 111 are threadedly connected to the first base 110, allowing the number of support rods 111 to be increased or decreased according to specific engineering needs to meet different excavation thickness requirements. This modular design not only improves the system's flexibility but also simplifies the installation process.

[0058] Next, the end of the support rod 112, which contacts the tunnel lining, and the end of the standard support rod 111, directly contact the tunnel lining to ensure the stability of the position of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 during the pouring stage, preventing displacement due to external forces and thus ensuring construction quality. The end of the support rod 112 also adopts a threaded connection for easy disassembly and maintenance. The inflatable flexible airbag 100 at the corner 1011 is equipped with a variable-length second base 113: In view of the horseshoe-shaped cross-section common in mountain tunnels, a separate support foot second base 113 is specially designed at the corner 1011 at the lower part of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 to ensure good fit and stability of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 under complex terrain conditions.

[0059] More specifically, the first base 110 of the variable length support leg and the standard support rod 111 are both made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and high-strength, easy to transport and install, and has good corrosion resistance.

[0060] The use of aluminum alloy not only reduces the weight of the entire system, simplifying handling and installation, but also improves the load-bearing capacity of the support structure, ensuring stability and reliability under various working conditions. Aluminum alloy itself has strong corrosion resistance, making it particularly suitable for humid or rainy construction environments, extending the service life of the support structure and reducing maintenance costs.

[0061] Reference Figure 4 As shown, in some specific embodiments, the inflatable flexible airbag 100 also includes a pressure gauge 115 connected to the inflation connector 114 for monitoring and recording the air pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag 100; the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 has multiple independent air chambers; the inflation connector 114 communicates with the air chambers and is located at the center of the end face of one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101.

[0062] Specifically, the inflation connector 114 and pressure gauge 115 are located at the center of the end face of one end of the inflatable flexible airbag 100, facilitating real-time monitoring and adjustment of the air pressure inside the inflatable flexible airbag 100 by the operator. The inflation connector 114 is equipped with a quick-connect device for easy connection to an external air source; the pressure gauge 115 provides an intuitive pressure reading, helping construction personnel to accurately control the pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 and ensure that the pressure meets the stress requirements of the construction load.

[0063] The inflation connector 114 is equipped with an automatic pressure relief device, which is used to automatically release excess gas when the internal pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 exceeds a set value.

[0064] In this application, the inflation connector 114 is equipped with an automatic pressure relief device, which automatically releases excess gas when the internal pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 exceeds the set value, ensuring construction safety; the pressure gauge 115 has a data recording function, which can store the pressure change curve of each inflation process, facilitating later analysis and management.

[0065] By incorporating an automatic pressure relief device, gas can be released promptly when the internal pressure of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 becomes too high, preventing the airbag from bursting or causing other safety accidents due to overpressure, thus ensuring the safety of construction personnel. The pressure gauge 115, equipped with a data logging function, not only monitors pressure changes within the inflatable flexible airbag 100 in real time but also saves historical data, providing a reliable basis for subsequent quality inspections and technical analysis. Furthermore, by analyzing the pressure change curve, construction parameters can be optimized, further improving construction quality and efficiency.

[0066] Reference Figure 5 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the first annular closed steel template 200 includes a first annular steel plate 201, which is sleeved on one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 and sealed to one end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101; the first injection pipe 202 is disposed on the first annular steel plate 201, with one end penetrating through the first annular steel plate 201 and the other end extending obliquely toward the middle of the first annular steel plate 201.

[0067] Specifically, the first annular closed steel formwork 200 at the front end of the excavation section mainly includes: a first annular steel plate 201; made of high-strength steel, possessing sufficient rigidity and sealing performance, capable of sealing the excavation section together with the inflatable flexible airbag 100, forming a completely sealed space. The design of the first annular steel plate 201 takes into account seamless connection with the inflatable flexible airbag 100, ensuring a tight bond between the two and preventing leakage of foamed concrete during the pouring process; a first foamed concrete pouring pipe 202, installed on the first annular steel plate 201, responsible for uniformly injecting foamed concrete into the front end area of ​​the excavation section. The position and number of the first pouring pipes 202 are optimized to ensure that the foamed concrete can quickly and uniformly fill the entire buffer layer area, improving construction efficiency and quality.

[0068] In some possible embodiments, the second annular closed steel template 300 includes a second annular steel plate 301, which is sleeved on the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 and sealed to the other end of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101; the second injection pipe 302 is disposed on the second annular steel plate 301, with one end penetrating through the second annular steel plate 301 and the other end extending obliquely toward the middle of the second annular steel plate 301.

[0069] Specifically, in this application, the second annular closed steel formwork 300 at the rear end (i.e., the other end) of the excavation section is structurally similar to the first annular closed steel formwork 200 at the front end, including: a second annular steel plate 301; also made of high-strength steel, which together with the first annular steel plate 201 at the front end constitutes a complete closed system, ensuring that the entire excavation section is completely sealed. The design of the second annular steel plate 301 also emphasizes close cooperation with the inflatable flexible airbag 100 to achieve the best sealing effect; and a second foamed concrete injection pipe 302; installed on the second annular steel plate 301, responsible for evenly injecting foamed concrete into the rear half of the excavation section. The pipe layout is carefully designed to ensure that the foamed concrete can smoothly fill all areas that need to be covered, further improving construction quality and efficiency.

[0070] In some specific embodiments, a sealing gasket at one end where the first annular steel plate 201 and the second annular steel plate 301 are connected to the inflatable flexible airbag body 101 is used to seal the connection between the first annular steel plate 201, the second annular steel plate 301 and the inflatable flexible airbag body 101.

[0071] Specifically, the first annular closed steel template 200 and the second annular closed steel template 300 are provided with adjustable first and second sealing gaskets on the first annular steel plate 201 and the second annular steel plate 301 to ensure that a good sealing effect can still be maintained under tunnel cross-section conditions of different sizes.

[0072] In this application, the adjustable sealing gasket can be adjusted according to the actual tunnel cross-sectional dimensions to ensure a tight fit between the first annular steel plate 201, the second annular steel plate 301 and the inflatable flexible airbag 100, preventing leakage of foamed concrete during the pouring process and improving construction quality.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the first annular steel plate 201 and the second annular steel plate 301 are provided with anti-slip teeth at the ends of the connection between them and the inflatable flexible airbag body 101, in order to increase the friction between them and the contact surface of the inflatable flexible airbag body 101.

[0074] Specifically, the edges of the first annular steel plate 201 and the second annular steel plate 301 are designed with anti-slip teeth, which increases the friction with the contact surface of the inflatable flexible airbag 100, preventing relative sliding during construction and ensuring the stability and safety of the device.

[0075] In this application, auxiliary positioning devices may also be provided to ensure accurate alignment and fixation of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 during installation. These auxiliary positioning devices include, but are not limited to: a laser positioning device for precisely positioning the inflatable flexible airbag 100, ensuring its alignment accuracy with the tunnel wall and other components; magnetic fixing clamps for temporarily fixing the inflatable flexible airbag 100, ensuring it does not shift during installation; and a level and angle measuring tools to ensure the inflatable flexible airbag 100 remains level and at the correct angle during installation, avoiding construction quality problems caused by tilting.

[0076] The laser positioning device ensures accurate positioning of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 during installation, avoiding construction problems caused by positional deviations. Magnetic fixing clamps and measuring tools ensure the stability of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 during installation and allow for necessary adjustments, ensuring construction quality.

[0077] The airbag device in the above embodiments of this application can be recycled and reused, that is, the inflatable flexible airbag 100 and related components can be quickly dismantled and recycled after construction is completed so as to facilitate reuse.

[0078] To understand the construction process of the airbag device in the above embodiments of this application, the following examples are provided in conjunction with the structure of the preferred embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific processes are not intended to limit the scope of this application:

[0079] (1) Preparation stage:

[0080] Select a suitable airbag device based on the actual tunnel cross-section dimensions. Check that all components are intact, especially one or more key parts such as the inflatable flexible airbag body 101, stiffening strip 102, first base 110, support rod 111, support rod 112, and second base 113.

[0081] (2) Installation phase:

[0082] Install the first annular closed steel template 200 at one end of the front end. Fix the first annular steel plate 201 to the front end of the tunnel widening section, ensuring that it fits tightly against the tunnel wall. Install the first foamed concrete injection pipe 202 and check its sealing and unobstructed flow.

[0083] Install the second annular closed steel formwork 300 at the other end, i.e., the rear end. Similarly, fix the second annular steel plate 301 to the rear end of the widened section and install the second foamed concrete injection pipe 302. Install the inflatable flexible airbag 100, placing the main body 101 of the inflatable flexible airbag within the widened section, ensuring good contact between the first base 110 of its bottom support foot and the tunnel floor. Add or remove standard support rod 111 segments as needed, and fix them with screws. Connect the inflation connector 114 and pressure gauge 115; connect the inflation connector 114 to an external air source and open the air source valve to begin inflation. Monitor the air pressure inside the inflatable flexible airbag in real time using the pressure gauge 115 to ensure it remains within a safe range.

[0084] (3) Assisted positioning:

[0085] Use a laser positioning device to precisely locate the inflatable flexible airbag, ensuring it is aligned with the tunnel wall and other components. Use magnetic clamps to temporarily secure the inflatable flexible airbag, ensuring it does not shift during installation. Use a level and angle measuring tools to ensure the inflatable flexible airbag remains level and at the correct angle during installation, avoiding construction quality problems caused by tilting.

[0086] (4) Inflation:

[0087] During inflation, gradually adjust the pressure of the flexible airbag to ensure it fits completely against the tunnel wall. Pay special attention to the corner 1011 at the lower part of the flexible airbag to ensure that the second base 113 of the support feet at these locations also fits tightly.

[0088] (5) Foamed concrete pouring:

[0089] Foamed concrete is poured from the first injection pipe 202 at the front end and the second injection pipe 302 at the rear end, respectively. Ensure that the foamed concrete fills the entire buffer layer area evenly to avoid voids or unevenness.

[0090] (6) Curing and solidification:

[0091] After pouring, wait for the foamed concrete to cure, maintaining appropriate pressure within the first pouring pipe 202 during this period. The curing time depends on the specific concrete formula and ambient temperature, generally ranging from several hours to one day.

[0092] (7) Removal of formwork:

[0093] After the foamed concrete has fully cured, close the gas source valve and slowly release the gas in the first injection pipe 202. Remove the first annular closed steel formwork 200 and the second annular closed steel formwork 300, and move the entire airbag device out of the tunnel.

[0094] (8) Recycling and reuse:

[0095] Quickly remove the inflatable flexible airbag 100 and related components using the quick-release device. Thoroughly clean the inflatable flexible airbag 100 to extend its service life. Place the inflatable flexible airbag 100 and related components into standardized storage and transport containers for easy management and transportation.

[0096] (9) Maintenance and care:

[0097] Regular inspection: After use, conduct a comprehensive inspection of all components, especially key parts such as the inflatable flexible airbag body 101, stiffening strips 102 and support rods 111, to ensure that there is no damage or aging.

[0098] Cleaning and Maintenance: Clean the surface of the inflatable flexible airbag 100 to remove residual concrete or other impurities and prevent material aging. Apply rust-proofing treatment to metal parts to extend their service life.

[0099] Storage Management: Store in a dry, well-ventilated place, avoiding direct sunlight and humid environments. Perform regular maintenance and testing to ensure the system is always in optimal condition for future use.

[0100] The specific embodiments of this application have been described above. It should be understood that this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this application. The above-described preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. An airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer for a cross-fault tunnel, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of inflatable flexible air bag, first annular closed steel formwork and second annular closed steel formwork; The first annular closed steel formwork and the second annular closed steel formwork are arranged at two ends of the inflatable flexible air bag; One end of the inflatable flexible air bag is provided with an inflation joint, and the first annular closed steel formwork and the second annular closed steel formwork are provided with a first pouring pipe and a second pouring pipe. The inflatable flexible air bag comprises:

2. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, an inflatable flexible air bag body; a plurality of stiffening strips are arranged on the surface of the inflatable flexible air bag body in a spaced manner, and are in a stretched state; one end of the stiffening strip is arranged at one end of the inflatable flexible air bag body, and the other end extends to the other end of the inflatable flexible air bag body; the inflatable flexible air bag body has a corner for fitting the tunnel after inflation. The inflatable flexible air bag further comprises:

3. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that, a plurality of first bases are arranged on the stiffening strip in a spaced manner; a plurality of second bases are arranged at the corner of the inflatable flexible air bag body in a spaced manner; a plurality of support rods are detachably connected with the first base and / or the second base respectively; a support rod is detachably connected at one end with one end of the support rod and at the other end with the tunnel. The inflatable flexible air bag further comprises a pressure gauge connected with the inflation joint for monitoring and recording the air pressure of the inflatable flexible air bag; 4. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the inflatable flexible air bag body has a plurality of independent air chambers; the inflation joint is in communication with the air chamber and located at the center of the end face of one end of the inflatable flexible air bag body. The inflatable flexible air bag body is made of a multi-layer composite material; 5. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the stiffening strip is made of fiber or metal wire; wherein at least one layer of the multi-layer composite material is a waterproof and breathable membrane layer. The first annular closed steel formwork comprises a first annular steel plate sleeved on one end of the inflatable flexible air bag body and sealingly connected with one end of the inflatable flexible air bag body; 6. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the first pouring pipe is arranged on the first annular steel plate, penetrates through the first annular steel plate at one end, and extends obliquely to the middle part of the first annular steel plate at the other end; the second annular closed steel formwork comprises a second annular steel plate sleeved on the other end of the inflatable flexible air bag body and sealingly connected with the other end of the inflatable flexible air bag body; the second pouring pipe is arranged on the second annular steel plate, penetrates through the second annular steel plate at one end, and extends obliquely to the middle part of the second annular steel plate at the other end. The first annular steel plate, the second annular steel plate and the end of the inflatable flexible air bag body connected with the first annular steel plate and the second annular steel plate are provided with a sealing washer for sealing the connection between the first annular steel plate, the second annular steel plate and the inflatable flexible air bag body.

7. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 6, wherein The first annular steel plate, the second annular steel plate and the end of the inflatable flexible air bag body connected with the first annular steel plate and the second annular steel plate are provided with an anti-skid rack for increasing the friction force of the contact surface with the inflatable flexible air bag body.

8. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inflation joint is provided with an automatic pressure relief device for automatically releasing excess gas when the internal pressure of the inflatable flexible air bag exceeds a set value.

9. The airbag device for construction of a foam concrete buffer layer of a cross-fault tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​

Images