Wheat seed-fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeding machine
The wheat seed and fertilizer integrated seeder, which integrates fertilization, shallow rotation and soil covering mechanisms, solves the problems of uneven sowing and low fertilizer utilization in high-humidity soils, and achieves efficient and low-cost sowing results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Traditional wheat planters are prone to damaging soil structure in high-humidity soils, resulting in uneven emergence, poor seedling rooting, low fertilizer utilization, and high labor intensity and cost.
A wheat seed and fertilizer integrated anti-moisture seeder was designed, which integrates fertilization, shallow rotary tillage, sowing and soil covering mechanisms to achieve efficient shallow rotary tillage sowing. The fertilization depth is 10-15 cm and the sowing depth is 3-5 cm. The soil covering mechanism ensures that the seeds are in contact with the soil and reduces soil moisture evaporation.
It improves fertilizer utilization and seed germination rate, reduces labor intensity and operating costs, protects soil structure, and ensures uniform sowing and seedling emergence.
Smart Images
Figure CN224054817U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of seeder technology, and in particular to a wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder. Background Technology
[0002] In agricultural planting, wheat, as one of the most important food crops, has a crucial impact on yield and quality due to the quality of its sowing. In the rice-wheat rotation area of Southwest China, due to abundant rainfall before wheat sowing (September-October) and the fact that paddy fields are mostly clay soil with poor drainage, the soil is often in a high-moisture state at the time of wheat sowing, with a large amount of rice stubble residue. Traditional plowing or rotary tillage before sowing not only requires a lot of manpower, resources, and time, but also easily damages the soil structure, causing deep furrows and compaction, resulting in uneven wheat emergence, poor root development, and stunted growth. There is an urgent need for a wheat seeder suitable for high-humidity field operations. Existing no-till shallow rotary fertilizer-applying seeders have high requirements for field flatness, and the fertilizer is not applied deep enough to the soil surface, easily causing nutrient dispersion and fertilizer loss. At the same time, the abundance of fertilizer and water can lead to excessive growth of wheat seedlings and weak root development, making them highly susceptible to large-scale severe lodging during the wheat grain-filling and ripening stages, seriously affecting wheat yield. Therefore, this utility model proposes a wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the defects of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder, including a housing. Supports are fixedly installed on both sides of the housing, and a base plate is installed below the supports. Several fertilizer application mechanisms are fixedly installed on the front bottom of the housing. Each fertilizer application mechanism includes a fertilizer dispenser, and a plastic fertilizer delivery pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer dispenser. The plastic fertilizer delivery pipe is sleeved inside a steel pipe, passes through the base plate, and extends downwards. A furrow opener mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the plastic fertilizer delivery pipe. Several seeding mechanisms are fixedly installed on the rear bottom of the housing. Each seeding mechanism includes a seed metering device, and a seed metering pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed metering device. The bottom end of the seed metering pipe passes through the base plate. Mounting plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the base plate, and a shallow rotating mechanism is provided between two mounting plates. A soil covering mechanism is provided on the rear side of the base plate. Traction rods are fixedly installed on the four sides of the top of the base plate, and traction connectors are fixedly installed at the top of the traction rods.
[0005] Furthermore, the shallow rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft, which is rotatably mounted between two mounting plates. Multiple rotary tillage blade assemblies are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. A universal joint drive shaft is fixedly mounted at the top center of the base plate, which provides power to drive the rotating shaft to rotate in a shallow rotary motion after being connected to the tractor.
[0006] Furthermore, the soil covering mechanism includes two vertical plates, which are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the base plate. An elastic suspension structure is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the vertical plate, and a mounting frame is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the elastic suspension structure. A soil covering wheel is rotatably mounted between the two mounting frames.
[0007] Furthermore, the trencher mechanism includes two discs arranged at an angle of 30° to 50° and supported on the base plate by an elastic steel frame. L-shaped rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower end of the elastic steel frame, and a rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the L-shaped rod. The end of the rotating shaft away from the L-shaped rod is rotatably connected to the disc.
[0008] Furthermore, a partition is fixedly installed inside the box, which divides the box into a seed box and a fertilizer box, with the fertilizer box located in front of the seed box.
[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the fertilizer box is provided with several fertilizer discharge holes, and the bottom of the seed box is provided with several seed discharge holes. The fertilizer discharge device is set one-to-one with the fertilizer discharge holes, and the seed discharge device is set one-to-one with the seed discharge holes. The fertilizer discharge holes and seed discharge holes are all conical in shape with a certain slope, which is conducive to the discharge of fertilizer and seeds. Both seed discharge and fertilizer discharge adopt an external grooved wheel structure. The tractor drives the soil covering wheel to rotate, and the soil covering wheel drives the gear of the external grooved wheel structure to rotate through the chain. By adjusting the working length and speed of the grooved wheel, the discharge volume is precisely controlled.
[0010] Furthermore, connecting plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base plate, and the top of the connecting plates is fixedly connected to the bracket.
[0011] Furthermore, the fertilization depth of the fertilization mechanism is 10-15 cm, the rotary tillage depth of the shallow rotary tillage mechanism is 5-8 cm, and the sowing depth of the sowing mechanism is 3-5 cm.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0013] This utility model, through its fertilization mechanism, shallow rotary mechanism, sowing mechanism, and soil covering mechanism, enables highly efficient shallow rotary sowing in high-humidity fields. The fertilization mechanism first creates fertilization furrows in the soil using a furrow opener and evenly distributes fertilizer within them. The fertilization and shallow rotary mechanisms then chop and bury straw and weeds, loosening the topsoil to create favorable seedbed conditions. The sowing mechanism performs strip sowing in the shallowly rotaryized soil, ensuring sowing density and uniformity. The soil covering mechanism rakes and covers the sown soil, ensuring full contact between seeds and soil, promoting seed germination and seedling growth. Through the coordinated operation of these mechanisms, this seeder achieves highly efficient sowing in high-humidity fields, improving fertilizer utilization, seed germination rate, and seedling uniformity, while reducing labor intensity and operating costs and protecting soil structure.
[0014] The fertilizer applicator of this utility model accurately delivers fertilizer into the fertilization trench opened by the trenching mechanism through the fertilizer applicator and the fertilizer conveying pipe. The fertilization depth is 10-15 cm, which ensures the uniform distribution of fertilizer and appropriate application depth, avoids fertilizer being applied to the surface, which would lead to nutrient dispersion and fertilizer loss, and improves fertilizer utilization rate.
[0015] This utility model, through the design of fertilizer boxes and seed boxes, allows fertilizer and seeds to be discharged separately through the fertilizer boxes and seed boxes, and the fertilization depth is greater than the sowing depth, thus achieving layered application of fertilizer and seeds. This avoids direct contact between seeds and fertilizer, prevents seed burning, and facilitates nutrient absorption by seeds, promoting seedling growth.
[0016] This utility model integrates multiple functions such as fertilization, sowing, shallow tillage and covering, reducing the cumbersome operations of tilling, fertilization and sowing in the traditional sowing process, reducing labor intensity and operating costs, improving operating efficiency, and saving time and human and material resources. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the solutions in this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention when the soil covering mechanism is not provided;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view of the box body provided by this utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A provided by this utility model;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a top view of the soil covering mechanism provided by this utility model;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a side view of the soil covering mechanism provided by this utility model;
[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0024] 1. Support frame; 2. Box body; 3. Seed metering device; 4. Fertilizer metering device; 5. Seed metering pipe; 6. Plastic fertilizer delivery pipe; 7. Connecting plate; 8. Base plate; 9. Mounting plate; 10. Rotary tillage blade assembly; 11. Rotating shaft; 12. L-shaped rod; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Disc; 15. Traction rod; 16. Traction connector; 17. Universal joint drive shaft; 18. Partition plate; 19. Seed box; 20. Fertilizer box; 21. Vertical plate; 22. Elastic suspension structure; 23. Soil covering wheel; 24. Mounting frame; 25. Gear. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of this utility model can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more definite definition of the scope of protection of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0026] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.
[0027] Please see Figure 1-5A wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder includes a housing 2. A partition 18 is fixedly installed inside the housing 2, dividing the housing 2 into a seed box 19 and a fertilizer box 20. The fertilizer box 20 is located in front of the seed box 19. Supports 1 are fixedly installed on both sides of the housing 2. A base plate 8 is installed below the support 1. Connecting plates 7 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the base plate 8, and the top of the connecting plates 7 is fixedly connected to the support 1. Several fertilization mechanisms are fixedly installed on the bottom front of the housing 2. The fertilization depth of each fertilization mechanism is 10-15 cm. Each fertilization mechanism includes a fertilizer dispenser 4. A plastic fertilizer delivery pipe 6 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer dispenser 4, penetrating the base plate 8 and extending downwards. A furrow opener mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the plastic fertilizer delivery pipe 6. The furrow opener mechanism includes two discs 14. 4. The rotating mechanism is located below the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe 6. The bottoms of the two discs 14 are set at an angle of 30°-50°. L-shaped rods 12 are fixed on both sides of the lower end of the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe 6. A rotating shaft 13 is fixed at the bottom of the L-shaped rods 12. The seeder moves forward under the traction of the tractor. The fertilization mechanism first performs strip fertilization. The shallow rotating mechanism performs soil chopping and shallow rotating operations. Then, the seeding mechanism sows on the shallowly rotated soil. Finally, the soil covering mechanism covers and compacts the soil after sowing, completing the entire sowing and fertilization process. The fertilizer is stored in the fertilizer box 20. The fertilizer is discharged through the fertilizer discharge hole and enters the fertilizer discharger 4. The fertilizer discharger 4 transports the fertilizer to the fertilizer conveying pipe 6 and then conveys it downward through the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe 6. The furrow opener mechanism consists of two discs 14, with the bottoms of the two discs set at an angle of 30°-50°. During the operation, the disc 14 rotates, opening up fertilization trenches in the soil. At the same time, fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the plastic fertilizer delivery pipe 6 and evenly spread in the fertilization trenches. The fertilization depth is about 10-15 cm.
[0028] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the end of the rotating shaft 13 away from the L-shaped rod 12 is rotatably connected to the disc 14. Several sowing mechanisms are fixedly installed on the rear bottom of the box 2. The sowing depth of the sowing mechanism is 3-5 cm. The sowing mechanism includes a seed metering device 3. A seed metering pipe 5 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the seed metering device 3. The bottom end of the seed metering pipe 5 penetrates the bottom plate 8. Several fertilizer discharge holes are provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 20. Several seed discharge holes are provided at the bottom of the seed box 19. The fertilizer metering device 4 is set one-to-one with the fertilizer discharge holes, and the seed metering device 3 is set one-to-one with the seed discharge holes. The fertilizer discharge holes and seed discharge holes are all conical in shape with a certain slope to facilitate the discharge of fertilizer and seeds. Both the seed metering and fertilizer metering adopt an external grooved wheel structure, which is towed by a tractor. The soil covering wheel rotates, and the soil covering wheel drives the outer grooved wheel structure gear 25 to rotate via a chain. By adjusting the working length and speed of the grooved wheel, the discharge volume is precisely controlled. The seeds are stored in the seed box 19 and discharged through the seed discharge hole and enter the seed metering device 3. The seed metering device 3 transports the seeds to the seed metering pipe 5. The seeds are discharged through the seed metering pipe 5 and sown into the shallowly rotated soil. The sowing depth range is 3-5 cm. Since the shallow rotation operation has created good seedbed conditions for sowing, the seeds can better contact the soil, improve the germination rate and seedling uniformity. The bottom plate 8 is fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom, and the shallow rotation mechanism is set between the two installation plates 9. The rotation depth of the shallow rotation mechanism ranges from 5 to 8 cm. The soil covering mechanism is set on the rear side of the bottom plate 8.
[0029] As an improvement to the above technical solution, a traction rod 15 is fixedly installed on the top four sides of the base plate 8, and a traction connector 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the traction rod 15. The traction connector 16 is connected to a power equipment such as a tractor to realize the traction operation of the whole machine.
[0030] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the shallow rotary mechanism includes a rotating shaft 11, which is rotatably mounted between two mounting plates 9. Multiple rotary tillage blade sets 10 are fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 11. A universal joint drive shaft 17 is fixedly mounted at the top center of the bottom plate 8. When the universal joint drive shaft 17 is activated, the rotating shaft 11 is rotated through transmission. The rotary tillage blade sets 10 are spirally distributed on the rotating shaft 11. When the rotating shaft 11 rotates, the rotary tillage blade sets 10 chop and bury the straw and weeds in the soil, while loosening the topsoil. The rotary tillage depth ranges from 5 to 8 centimeters, creating good seedbed conditions for sowing.
[0031] As an improvement to the above technical solution, the soil covering mechanism includes two vertical plates 21. The vertical plates 21 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the base plate 8. An elastic suspension structure 22 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the vertical plates 21. An installation frame 24 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the elastic suspension structure 22. A soil covering wheel 23 is rotatably installed between the two installation frames 24. After sowing, the soil covering wheel 23 automatically adjusts the soil covering pressure through the elastic suspension structure 22 to rake and cover the soil after sowing, so that the seeds are fully covered, reducing soil moisture evaporation, and promoting close contact between the seeds and the soil, which is beneficial for seed water absorption, germination and seedling growth.
[0032] The working principle and usage of this utility model:
[0033] In use, the machine is connected to a tractor or other power equipment via the traction connector 16 to achieve traction operation. The seeder moves forward under the traction of the tractor. The fertilization mechanism first performs strip fertilization, the shallow rotation mechanism shreds and shallowly rotates the soil, and then the seeding mechanism sows seeds on the shallowly rotated soil. Finally, the soil covering mechanism covers and compacts the soil after sowing, completing the entire sowing and fertilization process. The fertilizer is stored in the fertilizer box 20 and discharged through the fertilizer discharge hole into the fertilizer discharger 4. The fertilizer discharger 4 conveys the fertilizer to the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe 6 and conveys it downward. The furrow opener mechanism consists of two discs 14, with the bottoms of the two discs set at an angle of 30°-50°. During operation, the disc 14 rotates, creating fertilization furrows in the soil. Simultaneously, fertilizer is discharged from the bottom of the plastic fertilizer delivery pipe 6, evenly spreading within the furrows to a depth of approximately 10-15 cm. The shallow rotary tillage mechanism is located between the mounting plates 9 on both sides of the bottom of the base plate 8. The rotating shaft 11 is mounted on the mounting plate 9 via bearings. The universal joint drive shaft 17 provides power via connection to the tractor. The rotary tillage blade assembly 10 is spirally distributed on the rotating shaft 11. When the rotating shaft 11 rotates, the rotary tillage blade assembly 10 chops and buries straw and weeds in the soil, while simultaneously loosening the topsoil. The tillage depth ranges from 5-8 cm, creating favorable seedbed conditions for sowing. Seeds are stored in seed box 19, discharged through seed discharge hole and enter seed metering device 3. Seed metering device 3 transports seeds to seed metering pipe 5. Seeds are discharged through seed metering pipe 5 and sown into shallowly rotated soil at a depth of 3-5 cm. Since shallow rotation has created good seedbed conditions for sowing, seeds can better contact the soil, improving germination rate and seedling uniformity. After sowing, covering wheel 23 automatically adjusts the covering pressure through elastic suspension structure 22 to rake and cover the sown soil, so that the seeds are fully covered, reducing soil moisture evaporation and promoting close contact between seeds and soil, which is beneficial for seed water absorption, germination and seedling growth.
[0034] The above description is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and is not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A wheat seed and fertilizer integrated moisture-resistant seeder, characterized in that: Including the box (2), both sides of the box (2) are fixedly provided with a support (1), the bottom plate (8) is installed below the support (1), a plurality of fertilization mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the bottom front side of the box (2), the fertilization mechanism comprises an fertilizer distributor (4), the bottom of the fertilizer distributor (4) is fixedly provided with a plastic fertilizer conveying pipe (6), the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe (6) penetrates the bottom plate (8) and extends downward, the bottom of the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe (6) is fixedly provided with a furrow opener mechanism, a plurality of seeding mechanisms are fixedly arranged on the bottom rear side of the box (2), the seeding mechanism comprises a seed metering device (3), the bottom of the seed metering device (3) is fixedly provided with a seed metering pipe (5), the bottom end of the seed metering pipe (5) penetrates the bottom plate (8), the bottom plate (8) is fixedly provided with a mounting plate (9) on both sides of the bottom, a shallow rotary mechanism is arranged between the two mounting plates (9), the rear side of the bottom plate (8) is provided with a covering mechanism, the top middle of the bottom plate (8) is fixedly provided with a traction rod (15) on four sides, the top of the traction rod (15) is fixedly provided with a traction connector (16).
2. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine for wheat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shallow rotary mechanism comprises a rotating shaft (11), the rotating shaft (11) is rotatably arranged between the two mounting plates (9), a plurality of rotary blade groups (10) are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (11), the blade front end of the rotary blade group (10) is greater than 150°, and the rotary blade group (10) is distributed in a spiral shape on the rotating shaft (11), a universal joint transmission shaft (17) is fixedly arranged at the top middle position of the bottom plate (8), and the universal joint transmission shaft (17) is connected with the tractor to provide power to drive the rotating shaft (11) to rotate the shallow rotary mechanism.
3. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine for wheat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The covering mechanism comprises a vertical plate (21), the vertical plate (21) is provided with two, the vertical plate (21) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate (8), the inner side of the vertical plate (21) is fixedly provided with an elastic suspension structure (22), the bottom of the elastic suspension structure (22) is fixedly provided with a mounting bracket (24), and the covering wheel (23) is rotatably arranged between the two mounting brackets (24).
4. The wheat seed and fertilizer integrated anti-moisture sowing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The furrow opener mechanism comprises a disc (14), the disc (14) is provided with two, the disc (14) is rotatably arranged below the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe (6), the two discs (14) are arranged at an intersection angle of 30°-50° at the bottom, the two sides of the lower end of the plastic fertilizer conveying pipe (6) are fixedly provided with an L-shaped rod (12), the L-shaped rod (12) is supported and connected on the bottom plate (8) through an elastic steel frame, the bottom end of the L-shaped rod (12) is fixedly provided with a rotating shaft (13), and the end, away from the L-shaped rod (12), of the rotating shaft (13) is rotatably connected with the disc (14).
5. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine for wheat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The box (2) is fixedly provided with a partition plate (18) inside, the partition plate (18) divides the box (2) into a seed box (19) and a fertilizer box (20), and the fertilizer box (20) is located in front of the seed box (19).
6. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine for wheat according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the fertilizer box (20) is provided with a plurality of fertilizer discharge holes, the bottom of the seed box (19) is provided with a plurality of seed discharge holes, the fertilizer distributor (4) is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the fertilizer discharge holes, the seed distributor (3) is provided in one-to-one correspondence with the seed discharge holes, the fertilizer discharge holes and the seed discharge holes are all conical in shape with a certain inclination, the seed distributor and the fertilizer distributor are both of the outer-groove-wheel type, and the tractor drives the cover wheel to rotate, and the cover wheel drives the outer-groove-wheel type gear (25) to rotate through the chain.
7. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine for wheat according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the bottom plate (8) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (7) on each side.
8. The fertilizer-seed integrated anti-moisture sowing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fertilization depth of the fertilization mechanism is 10-15 cm, the rotary tillage depth of the shallow rotary mechanism is 5-8 cm, and the seeding depth of the seeding mechanism is 3-5 cm.