Switching device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a switching device. The switching device comprises an arc extinguish chamber; the static contact is arranged on one side of the arc extinguish chamber; the moving contact is arranged on one side opposite to the static contact and is suitable for moving between an opening position and a closing position, the moving contact abuts against the static contact at the closing position, and the moving contact is separated from the static contact at the opening position; the permanent magnet is arranged at a position adjacent to the moving contact, the magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet and the direction of an electric arc generated during the separation of the moving contact and the static contact are in the same plane, and the permanent magnet is suitable for guiding the electric arc to move towards the magnetic field center of the permanent magnet during the movement of the moving contact and the static contact from the closing position to the opening position; and the electromagnet assembly is arranged in an arc running channel area on one side of the arc extinguish chamber and is suitable for guiding the electric arc guided by the permanent magnet to further move towards the arc extinguish chamber. In this way, the non-polarity wiring requirement can be met, and the opening arcing time is effectively shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the technical field of electrical equipment, and more particularly, to a switching device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the circuit breaker of the switching device, in order to eliminate the arc generated between the moving and static contacts, a magnetic component and an arc extinguishing chamber and the like structure are needed. The magnetic field generated by the magnetic component can exert a guiding effect on the arc, rapidly guiding it to the arc extinguishing chamber, thereby avoiding the arc staying and burning in the contact area for a long time, reducing the contact loss and improving the working reliability of the circuit breaker. In the traditional scheme, the polar circuit breaker cannot meet the bidirectional current protection demand, and the conventional non-polar circuit breaker has the problem of too long arc burning time. SUMMARY

[0003] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a switching device is provided. The switching device comprises: an arc extinguishing chamber; a static contact arranged on one side of the arc extinguishing chamber; a moving contact arranged on the opposite side of the static contact and adapted to move between a closed position and an open position, in the closed position, the moving contact abuts against the static contact, in the open position, the moving contact is separated from the static contact; a permanent magnet arranged adjacent to the moving contact, a magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet is in the same plane with a direction of the arc generated during the separation of the moving contact and the static contact, and the permanent magnet is adapted to guide the arc to move to the center of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet during the movement of the moving contact and the static contact from the closed position to the open position; and an electromagnet assembly arranged in an arc running path region on one side of the arc extinguishing chamber and adapted to guide the arc guided by the permanent magnet to further move in the direction of the arc extinguishing chamber.

[0004] The switching device according to the embodiments of the present disclosure achieves many beneficial effects through the cooperation of the permanent magnet and the electromagnet assembly. First, by arranging the permanent magnet in the adjacent area of the moving and static contacts and generating a magnetic flow vortex, the arc is quickly guided to separate from the moving contact, effectively shortening the open arc burning time and reducing the arc staying at the moving contact, thereby significantly reducing the risk of burning the moving contact. Second, with the further magnetic field effect of the electromagnet assembly on the arc guiding path, the arc can be stably and efficiently introduced into the arc extinguishing chamber, improving the arc cooling and extinguishing efficiency. In addition, through the design of the magnetic field direction and the current path, the switching device can still form stable arc guidance under the condition of current flow direction change, truly realizing the efficient arc extinguishing and reliable "non-polar" switching structure, thereby greatly improving the flexibility and safety of the switching device during installation and use.

[0005] In some embodiments, the electromagnet assembly comprises: a pair of arc blowing armatures arranged at intervals from each other in the arrangement direction in the arc running path region; a core arranged between the pair of arc blowing armatures; and a coil sleeved on the core.

[0006] In some embodiments, the switch device further comprises an arc striking plate obliquely arranged between the pair of arc striking armatures.

[0007] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet is arranged at one side of the arc striking plate with the N-pole or S-pole facing the stationary contact, such that a magnetic flow vortex is formed by the plasma generated by the electric arc between the stationary contact and the arc striking plate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the magnetic pole axis of the electromagnet constituted by the core and the coil is perpendicular to the magnetic pole axis of the permanent magnet and extends along the arrangement direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the arc striking plate comprises a body portion, a first extension portion arranged at one end of the body portion close to the movable contact and extending towards the core, and a second extension portion arranged at one end of the body portion close to the arc extinguishing chamber and extending towards the arc extinguishing chamber.

[0010] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet is fixedly coupled between the body portion and the first extension portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, the movable contact and the stationary contact are arranged between the pair of arc striking armatures.

[0012] In some embodiments, the coil is arranged at one side of the arc striking plate facing away from the stationary contact.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switch device comprises a poleless circuit breaker.

[0014] It is to be understood that what is described in this section is not intended to be a key or important feature of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and other features, advantages and aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail some embodiments thereof with reference to the annexed drawings in which:

[0016] Figure 1 a structural schematic diagram of a switch device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 a structural schematic diagram of a pair of arc striking armatures, an electromagnet and a stationary contact according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 1 a permanent magnet magnetic field schematic diagram of the switch device shown; and

[0018] Figure 3 a structural schematic diagram of a pair of arc striking armatures, an electromagnet and a stationary contact according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0020] The term “comprising” and its variations, as used herein, indicate an open-ended inclusion, meaning “including but not limited to”. Unless otherwise stated, the term “or” means “and / or”. The terms “first,” “second,” etc., may refer to different or the same objects.

[0021] As described above, in circuit breakers of switching devices, magnetic components and arc-extinguishing chambers are required to eliminate the electric arc generated between the moving and stationary contacts. Polarized circuit breakers can only provide unidirectional circuit protection, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of bidirectional current protection; while non-polarized circuit breakers, although possessing bidirectional current protection capabilities, require effective arc extinguishing under both current conditions, which is technically challenging. Furthermore, under low current conditions, conventional non-polarized miniature circuit breakers have poor arc-extinguishing performance, often exhibiting excessively long arc-extinguishing times during low-current interruption.

[0022] To address, or at least partially address, the aforementioned problems or other potential problems of conventional switching devices, embodiments of this disclosure provide a switching device. According to the embodiments of this disclosure, the requirement for non-polarity wiring can be met; that is, regardless of the direction from which the current enters, the arc can be guided towards the arc-extinguishing chamber, thereby extinguishing the arc. Furthermore, by incorporating a non-polarity electromagnetic arc-extinguishing device and a permanent magnet that does not determine the wiring direction, the spatial and temporal coordination of the permanent magnet and electromagnet components effectively shortens the arc-ignition time during circuit breaking.

[0023] See below Figures 1 to 3 The switching device according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described as follows: Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the switching device described herein generally includes an arc-extinguishing chamber 1, a stationary contact 4, a moving contact 3, a permanent magnet 5, and an electromagnet assembly 2. The stationary contact 4 is arranged on one side of the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, and the moving contact 3 is arranged on the opposite side of the stationary contact 4, and is adapted to move between an open position and a closed position. In the closed position, the moving contact 3 abuts against the stationary contact 4 to establish a circuit connection. In the open position, the moving contact 3 separates from the stationary contact 4, thereby disconnecting the circuit connection.

[0024] The permanent magnet 5 is positioned adjacent to the moving contact 3. As used herein, "adjacent" means that two or more elements are spatially close in arrangement, without direct contact and separated by a predetermined distance. This document does not limit the specific distance of "adjacent," and its range can be adjusted according to specific application requirements. The magnetic field direction of the permanent magnet 5 is in the same plane as the direction of the electric arc generated during the separation of the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4, and is adapted to guide the electric arc generated during this period toward the center of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5 as the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4 move from the closed position to the open position. The separation period includes the instant of separation. At the instant of separation, the gas medium between the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4 is broken down, thereby generating an electric arc. Electrons and positive ions in the electric arc make the gas a conductive plasma. A distance exists between the permanent magnet 5 and the stationary contact 4, thereby generating magnetocurrent vortices between the permanent magnet 5 and the stationary contact 4.

[0025] Specifically, as the moving contact 3 moves from the closed position to the open position, an electric arc is generated between the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4. The magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5 causes the surrounding plasma to rotate around the magnetic field, forming a magnetocurrent vortex. The rotating magnetocurrent vortex pulls in the plasma generated by the electric arc, thereby guiding the electric arc between the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4 towards the center of the permanent magnet 5. In this way, the electric arc can be guided to quickly detach from the moving contact, avoiding excessive arc burning time during the small current breaking process, which could lead to the burning of the moving contact.

[0026] The electromagnet assembly 2 is arranged in the arc track area on one side of the arc-extinguishing chamber 1 and is adapted to guide the electric arc guided by the permanent magnet to move further towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1.

[0027] The electric arc moves at the center of the permanent magnet's magnetic field, causing it to jump onto the arc-starting plate 6 and generate a current. This current energizes the electromagnet assembly 2, creating a magnetic field that guides the arc to continue moving towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. In this way, the arc is pulled out of the vortex at the center of the permanent magnet's magnetic field and continues to move towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, effectively cooling the arc until it is extinguished.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnet assembly 2 may include: a pair of arc-blowing armatures 21, an iron core 22, and a coil 23. The pair of arc-blowing armatures 21 are arranged at intervals along the arrangement direction in the arc-running track region. The iron core 22 is arranged between the pair of arc-blowing armatures 21. The coil 23 is sleeved on the iron core 22.

[0029] A pair of arc-blowing armatures 21 are at least partially located in the arc-running region. In the circuit breaker, the arc-running region is located between the contacts formed by the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, thereby guiding the arc from the contact region to the arc-extinguishing chamber 1 for rapid extinguishing. The pair of arc-blowing armatures 21 can be armature plates arranged parallel to each other, or armature plates forming a certain non-zero angle with each other.

[0030] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the switching device according to an embodiment of this disclosure may further include an arc-initiating plate 6. The arc-initiating plate 6 is arranged obliquely between a pair of arc-blowing armatures 21. When current is passed through the coil 23, a magnetic field is generated, and the pair of arc-blowing armatures 21 are magnetized in the magnetic field, forming a magnetic field in the vicinity of the arc-initiating plate 6. Under the action of the magnetic field, the arc is guided to move along the arc-initiating plate 6 towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. That is, the magnetic vortex generated by the permanent magnet 5 first guides the arc away from the moving contact 3 and guides it to the arc-initiating plate 6 to form a current. Then, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet assembly 2 further guides the arc and pulls the arc out from the center of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5, continuing to move towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, thereby effectively cooling the arc until the arc is extinguished. In this way, through the time and space coordination of the permanent magnet 5 and the electromagnet assembly 2, even under small current conditions, the arc-ignition time can be effectively shortened.

[0031] In some embodiments, permanent magnets are arranged on one side of the arc-starting plate. For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the permanent magnet can be arranged on the side of the arc-starting plate closer to the coil 23. In some alternative embodiments, the permanent magnet can also be arranged on the side of the arc-starting plate away from the coil 23. The N pole or S pole of the permanent magnet 5 faces the stationary contact 4, causing the plasma generated by the electric arc between the stationary contact 4 and the arc-starting plate 6 to form magnetocurrent vortices. That is, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 5 face the stationary contact 4, thus constituting a non-polarized switching device. In some embodiments, the switching device according to the present disclosure may include a non-polarized circuit breaker.

[0032] For some conventional polarized switching devices, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are perpendicular to the plane of the current path. When current enters the switching device from different directions, a magnetic field force is generated in one direction towards the moving contact or away from the moving contact. If the generated magnetic field force is towards the moving contact, it will cause the arc to move away from the arc-extinguishing chamber, potentially burning out the switching device. In contrast, the non-polarized circuit breaker according to the embodiments of this disclosure does not need to consider the wiring direction of the circuit breaker. Regardless of the direction from which the current enters, magnetic vortices can be formed in the plasma between the stationary contact 4 and the arc-starting plate 6, thereby guiding the arc to move towards the magnetic field center of the permanent magnet.

[0033] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the magnetic pole axis of the electromagnet formed by the iron core 22 and the coil 23 extends along the arrangement direction and is perpendicular to the magnetic pole axis of the permanent magnet 5. The magnetic pole axis of the electromagnet formed by the iron core 22 and the coil 23 can be perpendicular to the surface of each arc-blowing armature 21. That is, the coil 23 is arranged perpendicularly between a pair of arc-blowing armatures 21. In some embodiments, the coil 23 is arranged on the side of the arc-initiating plate 6 away from the stationary contact 4.

[0034] Coil 23 is connected to the first terminal adjacent to the moving contact 3, and the other end of coil 23 is electrically connected to the other end of the arc-initiating plate 6. In this way, when the current direction in the main circuit of the switching device changes, the current direction in coil 23 also changes synchronously, thereby changing the direction of the magnetic field. Even when both the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the arc change, the magnetic field can still guide the arc towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 4, thereby further realizing a non-polarized circuit breaker.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the arc-starting plate 6 may include a body portion 60, a first extension portion 61, and a second extension portion 62. The first extension portion 61 is arranged at the end of the body portion 60 near the moving contact 3 and extends towards the iron core 22. The second extension portion 62 is arranged at the end of the body portion 60 near the arc-extinguishing chamber 1 and extends towards the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. The arc-starting plate 6 is generally arranged at an angle relative to the arc-extinguishing chamber 1. Specifically, one end of the arc-starting plate 6 is close to the moving contact in the open position, thereby better guiding the arc, and the other end is close to the arc-extinguishing chamber 1 and electrically connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber 1, thereby facilitating the guidance of the arc to the arc-extinguishing chamber 1.

[0036] In some embodiments, the permanent magnet 5 is fixedly coupled between the body portion 60 and the first extension portion 61. That is, the permanent magnet 5 is arranged at one end of the arc-initiating plate 6 opposite to the stationary contact 4. In this way, a magnetic flux vortex of plasma is formed between one end of the arc-initiating plate 6 and the stationary contact 4, guiding the electric arc to escape from the moving contact 3 and attracting the electric arc to move towards the center of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 5.

[0037] In some embodiments, the moving contact 3 and the stationary contact 4 can be arranged between a pair of arc-blowing armatures 21. In this way, it is beneficial to guide the arc into the arc-extinguishing chamber 1.

[0038] According to the embodiments of this disclosure, by setting up a non-polar electromagnetic arc-blowing device and a permanent magnet that does not determine the wiring direction, the arc-ignition time during circuit breaking is effectively shortened through the spatial and temporal coordination of the permanent magnet and electromagnet components. In this way, the requirements for non-polar wiring can be met, and the reliability of the switching device can be improved.

[0039] Having described above several embodiments of the disclosure, any modifications and variations that fall within the scope of the described embodiments are also contemplated. It is also contemplated that the application covered by the claims extends to any alternative embodiment, adaptations, or variations of the various embodiments described above, and to any and all equivalents. The terms "comprises", "comprising", "comprised of" and "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.

Claims

1. A switching device, characterized by Comprising: an arc-extinguishing chamber (1); a stationary contact (4) arranged on one side of the arc-extinguishing chamber (1); a movable contact (3) arranged on the opposite side of the stationary contact (4) and adapted to move between an open position and a closed position in which the movable contact (3) abuts against the stationary contact (4), and in which the movable contact (3) is separated from the stationary contact (4); a permanent magnet (5) arranged in a position adjacent to the movable contact (3), a direction of a magnetic field of the permanent magnet (5) being in the same plane as a direction of an arc generated during separation of the movable contact (3) and the stationary contact (4), and adapted to guide the arc to move towards a center of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet (5) during movement of the movable contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) from the closed position to the open position; and an electromagnet assembly (2) arranged in an arc-running region on one side of the arc-extinguishing chamber (1) and adapted to guide the arc guided by the permanent magnet (5) to move further in the direction of the arc-extinguishing chamber (1). The electromagnet assembly (2) comprises:

2. The switching device of claim 1, wherein a pair of blowout armatures (21) arranged in the arc-running region spaced apart from each other in an arrangement direction; a core (22) arranged between the pair of blowout armatures (21); and a coil (23) sleeved on the core (22). Further comprising:

3. The switching device of claim 2, wherein an arc guide plate (6) arranged obliquely between the pair of blowout armatures (21). The permanent magnet (5) is arranged on one side of the arc guide plate (6) with an N-pole or an S-pole facing the stationary contact (4) so that a magnetic flow vortex is formed by plasma generated by the arc between the stationary contact (4) and the arc guide plate (6).

4. The switching device of claim 3, wherein A magnetic pole axis of the electromagnet composed of the core (22) and the coil (23) extends in the arrangement direction and is perpendicular to a magnetic pole axis of the permanent magnet (5).

5. The switching device of claim 3, wherein The arc guide plate (6) comprises:

6. The switching device of claim 3, wherein a body portion (60); a first extension portion (61) arranged on one end of the body portion (60) close to the movable contact (3) and extending in the direction of the core (22); and a second extension portion (62) arranged on one end of the body portion (60) close to the arc-extinguishing chamber (1) and extending in the direction of the arc-extinguishing chamber (1). The permanent magnet (5) is fixedly coupled between the body portion (60) and the first extension portion (61).

7. The switching device of claim 6, wherein The movable contact (3) and the stationary contact (4) are arranged between the pair of blowout armatures (21).

8. The switching device of claim 2, wherein The coil (23) is arranged on one side of the arc guide plate (6) away from the stationary contact (4).

9. The switching device of claim 3, wherein The switchgear comprises a poleless circuit breaker.

10. The switching device according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, ​

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