Battery device, power utilization device and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery device, a power utilization device and an energy storage device, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery device comprises a battery monomer, a box body and a sensor, wherein the battery monomer comprises a first pressure relief structure; the box body comprises a frame, a second pressure relief structure, a first assembly and a second assembly; the second pressure relief structure is arranged on the frame, and the first assembly is connected with the frame and is opposite to the first pressure relief structure; the first assembly and the frame define a battery bin and an electrical bin which are arranged at an interval, the electrical bin is located on the side, close to the second pressure relief structure, of the battery bin, and the single batteries are located in the battery bin; the first assembly is provided with a first channel communicated with the battery compartment; the second assembly is arranged in the electrical bin and connected with the first assembly and the frame. The second assembly is provided with a second channel communicating with the first channel and the second pressure relief structure. The sensor is arranged in the second channel and used for collecting smoke information of the second channel. According to the invention, the sensitivity and accuracy of smoke monitoring can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery device, an electrical device, and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development. Rechargeable batteries, with their ability to store and release energy as needed, are widely used in various electrical devices and energy storage systems, and are an important component in promoting energy transition and sustainable development. For the new energy industry, battery technology is a crucial factor in its development.

[0003] Batteries may experience thermal runaway during use. Typically, a pressure monitoring device is installed inside the battery to monitor the internal pressure and trigger an alarm for thermal runaway. However, improving the accuracy and sensitivity of thermal runaway monitoring has become a pressing issue. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application aims to at least address one of the technical problems existing in the background art. Therefore, one objective of this application is to provide a battery device, power consumption device, and energy storage device to improve the accuracy and sensitivity of battery thermal runaway monitoring.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a battery device, including a battery cell, a housing, and a sensor. The battery cell includes a first pressure relief structure. The housing includes a frame, a second pressure relief structure, a first component, and a second component. The second pressure relief structure is disposed on the frame, and the first component is connected to the frame and disposed opposite to the first pressure relief structure. The first component and the frame together define a battery compartment and an electrical compartment spaced apart. The electrical compartment is located on the side of the battery compartment closer to the second pressure relief structure, and the battery cell is located inside the battery compartment. The first component has a first channel communicating with the battery compartment. The second component is disposed inside the electrical compartment and is connected to the first component and the frame, respectively. The second component has a second channel communicating with the first channel and the second pressure relief structure. The sensor is disposed in the second channel and is used to collect smoke information of the second channel.

[0006] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second component is set between the first channel and the second pressure relief structure. The first channel is connected to the second pressure relief structure through the second channel in the second component. Thus, a "point-to-point" flue system is constructed between the thermal runaway source point and the second pressure relief structure of the battery device. That is, the smoke generated at the thermal runaway source point flows directly to the second pressure relief structure through the flue system composed of the first channel and the second channel. The smoke does not need to flow to the installation area of ​​the entire electrical component (such as the high-voltage distribution box). During the entire smoke transmission process, the flue system composed of the first channel and the second channel can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway. There is no problem of the smoke spreading rapidly to the surroundings and being diluted. This makes the characteristic parameters of the smoke at the second channel change more significantly after thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, the sensor set in the second channel can capture the initial signal of thermal runaway more sensitively and quickly. In addition, placing the second component inside the electrical compartment facilitates sensor wiring and keeps the sensor away from the gas jet area where thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, thus reducing the risk of sensor failure. At the same time, placing the sensor away from the battery cell also makes it more sensitive to changes in external temperature, providing users with a safety warning when the temperature outside or around the battery device is too high.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first component includes a first support member and a second support member disposed opposite to each other. The first support member is located on the side of the second support member closer to the battery cell, and the first and second support members enclose a first channel. The first support member has a first opening corresponding to a first pressure relief structure, and the first channel communicates with the battery compartment through the first opening. Thus, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature fumes will rapidly enter the first channel through the first opening and be directed to the second channel on the side away from the battery compartment.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first support member is further provided with a second opening corresponding to the second component, and the first channel is connected to the second channel through the second opening. In this way, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature fumes will rapidly enter the first channel through the first opening and be directionally discharged into the second channel on the side away from the battery compartment through the second opening, enabling rapid early warning of thermal runaway through sensors.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second component includes a hollow housing structure, a second channel formed by an internal cavity of the housing structure, a second opening disposed at the bottom of the housing structure and communicating with the cavity, and a second pressure relief structure disposed on the frame and communicating with the cavity. The housing structure can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, realizing the function of smoke gathering, and can also provide effective support for the installation of the sensor, improving the stability and reliability of the sensor installation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second component is integrally formed with the frame, and the second channel is disposed on the inner sidewall of the frame and communicates with the second pressure relief structure and the first channel respectively. The second component is integrated into the frame and together they form the skeleton structure of the box, improving the structural stability of the box. At the same time, the second component can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, realizing the function of smoke gathering.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second component has a monitoring hole on its side facing away from the first component, which communicates with the second channel. The sensor extends into the second channel through the monitoring hole. This allows the second component to effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, achieving the function of smoke gathering, and also provides effective support for the installation of the sensor.

[0012] In some embodiments, the frame includes a first side beam arranged along a first direction and a second side beam arranged along a second direction, the first and second directions being perpendicular to each other; the battery compartment and the electrical compartment are arranged at intervals along the second direction, and a second pressure relief structure is disposed on the first side beam near the electrical compartment. The first side beam includes a main body and a bent portion, the bent portion being disposed at the end of the main body at a preset inclination angle, the main body being connected to the second side beam through the bent portion, and the second pressure relief structure being located on the bent portion. The bent portion can smooth the sharp edges of the frame beam, reducing local turbulence and resistance during smoke flow. When the pressure relief structure is activated, the high-temperature smoke can be discharged more smoothly from the second channel under the guiding effect of the bent portion, avoiding flow obstruction or vortex caused by right angle edges, and improving pressure relief efficiency.

[0013] In some embodiments, the battery device further includes a battery management system connected to a sensor signal, wherein the sensor transmits smoke information collected from a second channel to the battery management system. In this way, the sensor can transmit real-time monitored smoke information to the battery management system, which can then provide timely warnings of thermal runaway of the battery device based on this smoke information.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sensor is electrically connected to the battery management system via a sensor harness, which is routed on the side of the second component facing away from the first component. This shortens the wiring path between the sensor and the battery management system, reduces harness bending and redundant length, lowers the space occupied by the harness, and simplifies harness wiring design.

[0015] In some embodiments, the smoke information includes at least one of smoke pressure, smoke temperature, smoke components, and smoke component concentration. This allows for smoke monitoring from different dimensions, and multi-dimensional monitoring combining multiple smoke information sources can reduce false alarms and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of monitoring.

[0016] In some embodiments, the sensor includes at least one of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. This allows for the monitoring of abnormal pressure and / or temperature along the smoke exhaust path, enabling early detection and early warning.

[0017] An embodiment of the second aspect of this application provides an electrical device that includes the battery device described in the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0018] An embodiment of the third aspect of this application provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery device in the above embodiments, the battery device being used to store electrical energy.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0020] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the various drawings denote the same or similar parts or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings depict only some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell according to some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of a battery device according to some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of region A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Top view of the first part;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of region B in the middle;

[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A cross-sectional view along the CC section line;

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view along the DD section line.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] Vehicle 1000, housing 10, first part 11, second part 12, battery compartment 101, electrical compartment 102, first channel 103, second channel 104, second pressure relief structure 105, sensor 106, sensor wiring harness 107, monitoring hole 108, frame 111, first component 112, second component 113, top wall 113a, side wall 113b, first side beam 1111, second side beam 1112, limiting beam 1113, first support member 1121, second support member 1122, first opening 1123, second opening 1124, third opening 1131, main body 1111a, bending part 1111b, battery cell 20, end cap 21, electrode terminal 21a, first pressure relief structure 21b, housing 22, electrode assembly 23, electrode tab 23a, battery device 100, controller 200, motor 300. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0035] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] Currently, the application of rechargeable batteries is becoming increasingly widespread, judging from market trends. They are not only used in energy storage systems for hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power plants, but also extensively in various electronic devices, such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as in military equipment and aerospace. As the application areas of rechargeable batteries continue to expand, the market demand is also constantly increasing.

[0041] Overcharging, short circuits, and overheating of rechargeable batteries can all trigger exothermic reactions, generating a large amount of heat. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, it can easily lead to thermal runaway. Typically, a single battery cell generates high temperatures, flames, and ejected material, which is transferred to adjacent battery cells through heat conduction, radiation, and convection, inducing thermal runaway. This process is accompanied by an uncontrollable and rapid increase in air pressure and temperature. In existing rechargeable battery safety designs, centralized monitoring using high-voltage distribution boxes is widely used. Specifically, the high-voltage distribution box, as the energy collection and distribution hub of the rechargeable battery, integrates key high-voltage components such as relays, current sensors, and fuses, and is itself a key safety area requiring monitoring. Therefore, sensors monitoring thermal runaway characteristic signals are usually placed inside the high-voltage distribution box.

[0042] From a system integration perspective, placing sensors monitoring thermal runaway characteristics inside the high-voltage distribution box can reduce costs and simplify the structure. However, this approach also has certain drawbacks. For example, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the resulting smoke first accumulates within its module or flue, forming an initial high-pressure zone. Subsequently, the smoke diffuses along the flue towards lower-pressure areas within the rechargeable battery. When the smoke flows into the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box, its constrained boundaries suddenly disappear, causing the smoke flow energy to rapidly decrease and diffuse outwards. This process directly results in a significant attenuation of characteristic parameters such as smoke particle concentration, specific gas components, and airflow temperature per unit volume. Ultimately, only the diluted residual medium can enter the internal cavity of the high-voltage distribution box through the inlet holes or gaps. Therefore, the detection sensitivity of the sensors installed inside the high-voltage distribution box to monitor thermal runaway characteristics is significantly reduced.

[0043] For barometric pressure sensors, the peak pressure of the smoke detected inside the high-voltage distribution box is much lower than the actual pressure at the thermal runaway source, forcing an increase in the alarm threshold and reducing the ability to detect early or small-scale thermal runaway events. For temperature sensors, after the smoke spreads in the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box, the contact area between the smoke and the surrounding cold air increases dramatically. This causes the temperature sensor inside the high-voltage distribution box to detect a smoke temperature value that is much lower than the actual temperature at the thermal runaway source, resulting in a delayed response from the temperature sensor and potentially failing to reach the temperature rise threshold required to trigger an alarm.

[0044] This decrease in monitoring sensitivity directly leads to systemic safety risks. Battery Management Systems (BMS) struggle to accurately acquire fault information in the early stages of thermal runaway, thus delaying or even missing the opportunity to initiate safety measures such as cooling, pressure relief, power cut-off, and alarms. Therefore, existing centralized monitoring solutions for high-voltage distribution boxes are insufficient to meet the urgent need for rapid and reliable early warning.

[0045] Therefore, how to capture the initial signals of thermal runaway more sensitively and quickly has become an important direction in this field.

[0046] Based on the above considerations, this application provides a battery device, a power consumption device, and an energy storage device. The battery device includes a battery cell, a housing, and a sensor. The battery cell includes a first pressure relief structure. The housing includes a frame, a second pressure relief structure, a first component, and a second component. The second pressure relief structure is disposed on the frame, and the first component is connected to the frame and disposed opposite to the first pressure relief structure. The first component and the frame together define a battery compartment and an electrical compartment that are spaced apart. The electrical compartment is located on the side of the battery compartment closer to the second pressure relief structure, and the battery cell is located inside the battery compartment. The first component has a first channel communicating with the battery compartment. The second component is disposed inside the electrical compartment and is connected to the first component and the frame respectively. The second component has a second channel communicating with the first channel and the second pressure relief structure. The sensor is disposed in the second channel and is used to collect smoke information of the second channel.

[0047] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second component is set between the first channel and the second pressure relief structure. The first channel is connected to the second pressure relief structure through the second channel in the second component. Thus, a "point-to-point" flue system is constructed between the thermal runaway source point and the second pressure relief structure of the battery device. That is, the smoke generated at the thermal runaway source point flows directly to the second pressure relief structure through the flue system composed of the first channel and the second channel. The smoke does not need to flow to the installation area of ​​the entire electrical component (such as the high-voltage distribution box). During the entire smoke transmission process, the flue system composed of the first channel and the second channel can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway. There is no problem of the smoke spreading rapidly to the surroundings and being diluted. This makes the smoke temperature or smoke pressure change at the second channel more significant after thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, the sensor set in the second channel can capture the initial signal of thermal runaway more sensitively and quickly. In addition, placing the second component inside the electrical compartment facilitates sensor wiring and keeps the sensor away from the gas jet area where thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, thus reducing the risk of sensor failure. At the same time, placing the sensor away from the battery cell also makes it more sensitive to changes in external temperature, providing users with a safety warning when the temperature outside or around the battery device is too high.

[0048] Because the thermal runaway smoke exhaust path of this application is a "point-to-point" mode where the thermal runaway source flows sequentially through the first and second channels to the second pressure relief structure, compared to traditional sensors installed inside the high-voltage distribution box, the thermal runaway smoke exhaust path of this application, due to its independently set smoke duct system, can effectively distinguish between real thermal runaway smoke and dust and water mist, thereby reducing the false alarm rate. In contrast, traditional high-voltage distribution box built-in sensors require smoke to diffuse within the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box and enter its internal cavity through the inlet hole or gap before it can be detected by the built-in sensor. This method is easily affected by dust and water mist within the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box, leading to false alarms.

[0049] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical devices or energy storage devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power system incorporating the battery device disclosed in this application can be used to form such an electrical device or energy storage device.

[0050] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device can be, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0051] This application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery as a power source. The energy storage device can be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0052] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will be described using a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of this application. The vehicle 1000 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 100 is installed inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery device 100 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of the vehicle 1000. The battery device 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000; for example, the battery device 100 can serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery device 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, to meet the power needs of the vehicle 1000 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0054] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 100 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery device provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery device 100 includes a housing 10 and a battery cell 20. The housing 10 includes a receiving cavity, and the battery cell 20 is received within the receiving cavity of the housing 10. The housing 10 provides receiving space for the battery cell 20, and the housing 10 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the housing 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, which overlap each other, and the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a receiving cavity for receiving the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, and the first portion 11 may be a plate-like structure, with the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12 so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define the receiving cavity; the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may also both be hollow structures with one open side, with the open side of the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0056] In the battery device 100, there can be multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration. A mixed configuration means that multiple battery cells 20 are connected in both series and parallel connections. Multiple battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration, and then the entire assembly of the multiple battery cells 20 is housed within the housing 10. Alternatively, the battery device 100 can also consist of multiple battery cells 20 first connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form battery modules, and then these battery modules are connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration to form a whole, which is also housed within the housing 10. The battery device 100 may also include other structures; for example, it may include a busbar component for electrical connection between the multiple battery cells 20.

[0057] Each battery cell 20 can be a rechargeable battery, such as a lithium-ion battery, lithium-sulfur battery, sodium-ion battery, or magnesium-ion battery, etc. The battery cell 20 can be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery. For example... Figure 3The battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0059] End cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of housing 22 to fit it. Optionally, end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that end cap 21 is not easily deformed under pressure or impact, giving battery cell 20 higher structural strength and improved safety performance. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on end cap 21. Electrode terminals 21a can be used for electrical connection with electrode assembly 23 to output or input electrical energy to battery cell 20. In some embodiments, a first pressure relief structure 21b can also be provided on the top (end cap 21 side) or bottom of battery cell 20 to release internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The material of end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. In some embodiments, an insulating element may be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21. The insulating element can be used to isolate the electrical connection components within the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuits. For example, the insulating element may be made of plastic, rubber, etc.

[0060] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. This internal environment can accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 closes the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Alternatively, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 closes the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The housing 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc.

[0061] Electrode assembly 23 is the component in the battery cell 20 where electrochemical reactions occur. The casing 22 may contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode plates, and typically a separator is provided between the positive and negative electrode plates. The portions of the positive and negative electrode plates containing active material constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, while the portions of the positive and negative electrode plates without active material each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or separately at both ends of the main body. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a connect to the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figures 4-8 This application provides a battery device 100, including a battery cell 20, a housing 10, and a sensor 106. The battery cell 20 includes a first pressure relief structure 21b. The housing 10 includes a frame 111, a second pressure relief structure 105, a first component 112, and a second component 113. The second pressure relief structure 105 is disposed on the frame 111. The first component 112 is connected to the frame 111 and is disposed opposite to the first pressure relief structure 21b. The first component 112 and the frame 111 together define a receiving cavity, which includes a battery compartment 101 and an electrical compartment 102 spaced apart. The electrical compartment 102 is located on the side of the battery compartment 101 near the second pressure relief structure 105, and the battery cell 20 is located inside the battery compartment 101. The first component 112 has a first channel 103 communicating with the battery compartment 101. The second component 113 is disposed inside the electrical compartment 102 and is connected to both the first component 112 and the frame 111. The second component 113 has a second channel 104 communicating with the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105. Sensor 106 is located in the second channel 104 and is used to collect smoke information from the second channel 104.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figures 6-8 According to some embodiments of this application, a plurality of battery cells 20 are disposed within the battery compartment 101. Each battery cell 20 has a first pressure relief structure 21b on the side facing the first assembly 112 or away from the first assembly 112. Wherein, when the first assembly 112 is located at the bottom of the battery cell 20 along the direction of gravity, a battery device in which the first pressure relief structures 21b of the plurality of battery cells 20 are all positioned away from the first assembly 112 is a top-spray battery device; a battery device in which the first pressure relief structures 21b of the plurality of battery cells 20 are all positioned facing the first assembly 112 is a bottom-spray battery device.

[0064] The first pressure relief structure 21b refers to a safety device installed at the top or bottom of the battery cell 20 to prevent an abnormal increase in internal pressure of the battery cell 20, which could lead to an explosion or thermal runaway. It automatically opens to release internal gas to balance the pressure and ensure the safety of the battery cell 20 and the operating environment.

[0065] The second pressure relief structure 105 is a safety device installed on the housing 10 of the battery device 100. It is mainly used to quickly release the high-pressure gas accumulated inside the housing 10 when abnormal conditions such as thermal runaway occur in the battery system, preventing the battery device 100 from exploding due to excessive pressure. The second pressure relief structure 105 can be, but is not limited to, a piston-spring type explosion-proof valve or a pin-type explosion-proof valve. Its core function is to maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the housing 10 of the battery device 100. When the battery device 100 generates a large amount of gas due to thermal runaway, overcharging, or short circuit, triggering the second pressure relief structure 105 can quickly release the pressure, preventing the battery device 100 from exploding due to excessive internal pressure.

[0066] The frame 111 refers to the outer sidewall structure of the housing 10, which is the skeleton structure of the housing 10. It surrounds the receiving cavity and the frame 111 is ring-shaped, such as rectangular or cylindrical. The frame 111 can be made of high-strength metal or composite material to balance lightweight and rigidity requirements. When the side of the battery device 100 is impacted, the frame 111 protects the battery cells 20 in the receiving cavity by deforming and absorbing energy or by rigidly blocking them.

[0067] The first component 112 refers to the bottom structure of the housing 10, which is a protective structure for directly supporting multiple battery cells 20. The first component 112 can be welded to the frame 111 to form an integral structure, and the two surround and define an accommodating cavity with an opening.

[0068] The second component 113 refers to a structure with a cavity that can communicate with the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105. It can be a hollow structure that is independently set from the frame 111, or it can be a hollow structure integrally formed with the frame 111. The shape of the second component 113 can be, but is not limited to, tubular, hemispherical, cube, cuboid, cylinder, frustum, or truncated cone.

[0069] The second component 113 can use its own structure to enclose and form the second channel 104. Alternatively, the second component 113 can also use the first component 112 and / or the border 111 to jointly enclose and form the second channel 104, that is, the second component 113 is similar to a "cover" structure.

[0070] The first channel 103 and the second channel 104 refer to the flues used to discharge the smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20. The first channel 103 is located in the first component 112, and the second channel 104 is located in the second component 113. The two are connected to each other and are used to guide the smoke to the second pressure relief structure 105.

[0071] Thermal runaway refers to the process in which a chain of exothermic reactions occurs inside a battery cell 20 under specific external conditions (such as overcharging, over-discharging, short circuit, overheating, or mechanical damage), resulting in an irreversible and rapid rise in temperature, which may be accompanied by violent phenomena such as combustion and explosion.

[0072] Smoke information refers to physical parameters that characterize smoke properties, including but not limited to at least one of smoke pressure, smoke temperature, smoke components, and smoke component concentration.

[0073] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, a second component 113 is provided between the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105. The first channel 103 is connected to the second pressure relief structure 105 through the second channel 104 in the second component 113. Thus, a "point-to-point" flue system is constructed between the thermal runaway source point and the second pressure relief structure 105 of the battery device 100. That is, the smoke generated at the thermal runaway source point flows directly to the second pressure relief structure 105 through the flue system composed of the first channel 103 and the second channel 104. The smoke does not need to flow to the installation area of ​​the entire electrical component (such as the high-voltage distribution box). During the entire smoke transmission process, the flue system composed of the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway. There is no problem of the smoke spreading rapidly to the surroundings and being diluted. This makes the smoke temperature or smoke pressure change at the second channel 104 more significant after thermal runaway occurs. Therefore, the sensor 106 set in the second channel 104 can capture the initial signal of thermal runaway more sensitively and quickly.

[0074] In addition, placing the second component inside the electrical compartment facilitates sensor wiring and keeps the sensor away from the gas jet area where thermal runaway of the battery cell occurs, thus reducing the risk of sensor failure. At the same time, placing the sensor away from the battery cell also makes it more sensitive to changes in external temperature, providing users with a safety warning when the temperature outside or around the battery device is too high.

[0075] Because the thermal runaway smoke exhaust path of this application is a "point-to-point" mode where the thermal runaway source point flows sequentially through the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 to the second pressure relief structure 105, compared to traditional sensors installed inside the high-voltage distribution box, the thermal runaway smoke exhaust path of this application, due to its independently set smoke duct system, can effectively distinguish between real thermal runaway smoke and dust and water mist, thereby reducing the false alarm rate. In contrast, traditional high-voltage distribution box built-in sensors require smoke to diffuse within the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box and enter its internal cavity through the inlet hole or gap before it can be detected by the built-in sensor. This method is easily affected by dust and water mist within the installation area of ​​the high-voltage distribution box, leading to false alarms.

[0076] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , Figures 4-8 According to some embodiments of this application, the receiving cavity includes a battery compartment 101 and an electrical compartment 102 spaced apart. The electrical compartment 102 is located on the side of the battery compartment 101 near the second pressure relief structure 105. The battery cell 20 is located inside the battery compartment 101, and the second component 113 is located inside the electrical compartment 102.

[0077] The battery compartment 101 refers to the space within the accommodating cavity defined by the first part 11 and the second part 12 for accommodating the battery cell 20.

[0078] Electrical compartment 102 refers to the space defined by the first part 11 and the second part 12 for accommodating electrical components (such as high-voltage distribution boxes).

[0079] The high-voltage distribution box refers to the electrical control device installed in the electrical compartment 102. It includes, but is not limited to, core functional components such as main positive relay, main negative relay, precharge relay, fuse, precharge resistor, current sensor and BMS. The high-voltage distribution box is used to realize the main circuit on / off control, overcurrent protection and precharge function of battery cell 20.

[0080] By placing the second component 113 within the electrical compartment 102, the wiring design between the sensor 106 in the second channel 104 and the BMS in the high-voltage distribution box is facilitated. Compared to placing the sensor 106 on the side of the electrical compartment 102 away from the second pressure relief structure 105, placing the second channel 104 within the electrical compartment 102 significantly shortens the physical distance between the sensor 106 and the BMS. This close-range wiring reduces the risk of electromagnetic interference that may be introduced during long-distance transmission.

[0081] In addition, by placing the sensor 106 in the second channel 104, the sensor 106 can be isolated from the thermal runaway valve area. When the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the sensor 106 has a low risk of failure and the acquisition signal is more sensitive.

[0082] In addition, rising external ambient temperature may also be one of the causes of thermal runaway of the battery device 100. By placing the second channel 104 in the electrical compartment 102 and the sensor 106 within the second channel 104, the sensor 106 can be kept away from the heat-generating components in the battery cell 20 or the high-voltage distribution box, making it more sensitive to changes in external temperature. When the external or surrounding ambient temperature of the battery device 100 is too high, it can provide a safety warning to the user, alerting passengers to move away from the heat source in time, thus achieving the function of warning before battery device 100 failure.

[0083] Please refer to Figures 2-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, the first component 112 includes a first support member 1121 and a second support member 1122 disposed opposite to each other. The first support member 1121 is located on the side of the second support member 1122 closer to the battery cell 20, and the first support member 1121 and the second support member 1122 enclose each other to form a first channel 103. The first support member 1121 is provided with a first opening 1123 corresponding to the first pressure relief structure 21b, and the first channel 103 communicates with the battery compartment 101 through the first opening 1123.

[0084] The first support member 1121 refers to the inner support plate at the bottom or top of the housing 10, which is in direct contact with the battery cell 20 and has better structural strength. The battery cell 20 is fixed or abutted against the first support member 1121.

[0085] The second support member 1122 refers to the outer support plate at the bottom or top of the housing 10, located on the side of the first support member 1121 away from the battery cell 20, and is used for assembly and connection with the vehicle chassis.

[0086] The first channel 103 formed by the first support member 1121 and the second support member 1122 refers to a large-area through-cavity structure formed between the first support member 1121 and the second support member 1122. This cavity structure design allows the high-temperature smoke generated by any battery cell 20 after thermal runaway to flow unimpeded within the first channel 103, preventing the high-temperature smoke from accumulating in a localized area of ​​the first channel 103 and causing thermal runaway in other battery cells 20. The high-temperature smoke within the first channel 103 flows towards the second channel 104 under the guidance and constraint of the frame 111.

[0087] When a top-spray battery device is used, a gap is formed between the multiple first openings 1123 on the first component 112 and the battery cell 20, so that the high-temperature smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 can flow through the gap to the first opening 1123. When a bottom-spray battery device is used, the multiple first openings 1123 are arranged one-to-one with the first pressure relief structures 21b of the multiple battery cells 20, so that the first pressure relief structure 21b can be opened smoothly when the battery cell 20 thermally runs away, and the high-temperature smoke can directly enter the first channel 103 through the first openings 1123 of the first component 112.

[0088] This application is preferably applicable to bottom-sprayed battery devices. By setting the first pressure relief structure 21b on the side of the battery cell 20 facing the first assembly 112, and setting the first opening 1123 on the first assembly 112 corresponding to the first pressure relief structure 21b, when the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the first pressure relief structure 21b opens towards the bottom of the battery device 100, and the generated high-temperature smoke directly enters the first channel 103 through the first opening 1123 on the first assembly 112, avoiding the diffusion and accumulation of high-temperature smoke in the battery compartment 101, thereby preventing the induction of thermal runaway in adjacent battery cells 20.

[0089] In addition, since the smoke generated by thermal runaway is directly injected into the first channel 103 from the first pressure relief structure 21b and flows into the second channel 104 from the first channel 103, this design can discharge as much high-temperature smoke as possible into the first channel 103 compared to the top-spray battery device, which can improve the accuracy and sensitivity of the sensor 106 detection.

[0090] By providing a first channel 103 inside the first component 112, and having the first channel 103 connected to the battery compartment 101 via a first opening 1123, when a battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature fumes will rapidly enter the first channel 103 through the first opening 1123 and be directed to a second channel 104 on the side away from the battery compartment 101. This design prevents high-temperature fumes from accumulating inside the battery compartment 101, avoiding a chain reaction of thermal runaway to adjacent battery cells 20 caused by the scorching of high-temperature fumes or the spread of flames; the high-temperature fumes in the first channel 103 can be promptly discharged to the second channel 104, reducing the thermal shock to the battery compartment 101, lowering the risk of structural damage, and thus extending the service life of the battery device 100.

[0091] Please refer to Figures 4-8 According to some embodiments of this application, the first support member 1121 is further provided with a second opening 1124 corresponding to the second component 113, and the first channel 103 is connected to the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124.

[0092] Specifically, the first opening 1123 on the first support member 1121 corresponds to the battery compartment 101, and the second opening 1124 on the first support member 1121 corresponds to the electrical compartment 102. Both the first opening 1123 and the second opening 1124 are openings that penetrate the first support member 1121 along its thickness direction. The number of first openings 1123 corresponds to the number of first pressure relief structures 21b, and the number of second openings 1124 is at least one, which can be set according to the actual situation.

[0093] The first channel 103 is connected to the battery compartment 101 through the first opening 1123, and the first channel 103 is connected to the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124. The second channel 104 is connected to the second pressure relief structure 105, thereby enabling the directional transmission of high-temperature smoke from the thermal runaway source to the second pressure relief structure 105. When the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature smoke will rapidly enter the first channel 103 through the first opening 1123 and be directionally discharged into the second channel 104 on the side away from the battery compartment 101 through the second opening 1124. The sensor 106 can provide a rapid early warning of thermal runaway.

[0094] Please refer to Figures 4-8 According to some embodiments of this application, the second component 113 includes a hollow shell structure, the second channel 104 is formed by the internal cavity of the shell structure, the second opening 1124 is disposed at the bottom of the shell structure and communicates with the cavity, and the second pressure relief structure 105 is disposed on the frame 111 and communicates with the cavity.

[0095] The hollow shell structure refers to a smoke collector with the function of concentrating smoke. Its shape can be, but is not limited to, a cube, cuboid, cylinder, frustum, or truncated cone. The shell structure can form a second channel 104 by its own structure, with corresponding openings at the positions of the second opening 1124 and the second pressure relief structure 105, so that the second channel 104 can communicate with the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105 respectively. Alternatively, the shell structure can also form the second channel 104 by using the first component 112 and / or the frame 111 together. That is, the shell structure is similar to a "cover" structure, covering the second opening 1124 on the first component 112, while communicating with the lateral second pressure relief structure 105.

[0096] like Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, the housing structure is a semi-open structure, with its opening facing the first component 112 and fixed to the first component 112. The housing structure consists of a top wall 113a and side walls 113b surrounding the top wall 113a. The housing structure and the first component 112 together enclose a second channel 104, and the first channel 103 communicates with the second channel 104 through a second opening 1124. The side wall 113b of the housing structure near the second pressure relief structure 105 is provided with an opening (not shown) communicating with the second pressure relief structure 105 to achieve communication between the second channel 104 and the second pressure relief structure 105.

[0097] By incorporating a hollow shell structure within the electrical compartment 102, the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105 are connected via the internal cavity of this shell structure. This shell structure effectively guides and confines the smoke generated by thermal runaway, achieving smoke aggregation, and also provides effective support for the installation of the sensor 106, improving the stability and reliability of the sensor 106 installation. This shell structure shares the same housing space with the electrical components and can be installed independently of the high-voltage distribution box, or mounted on the bottom or side wall of the high-voltage distribution box, without occupying the space of the battery compartment 101, thus improving the internal space utilization of the battery device 100.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 9 According to some embodiments of this application, the second component 113 is integrally formed with the frame 111, and the frame 111 is fixed to the first component 112. The second channel 104 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the frame 111 and communicates with the second pressure relief structure 105 and the first channel 103 respectively.

[0099] The bottom of the second component 113 can directly contact the first component 112. The second opening 1124 is set corresponding to the second component 113. The bottom of the second component 113 is provided with a third opening 1131 that is directly opposite to the second opening 1124. The first channel 103 is connected to the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124 and the third opening 1131 in sequence.

[0100] In this embodiment, the second component 113 is integrated into the frame 111, and the structure of the second component 113 can be a beam structure similar to the structure of the frame 111. That is, the second component 113 can be used as part of the frame 111.

[0101] It should be noted that if the inside of the frame 111 is a cavity structure, the second channel 104 in the second component 113 is not connected to the cavity structure of the frame 111, so as to prevent some smoke from flowing along the cavity of the frame 111.

[0102] By placing the second component 113 on the inner wall of the frame 111, the first channel 103 and the second pressure relief structure 105 are connected using the second component 113. The second component 113 can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, achieving smoke aggregation, and also provide effective support for the installation of the sensor 106, improving the stability and reliability of the sensor 106 installation. Furthermore, the second component 113, combined with the frame 111, can jointly form the skeleton structure of the housing 10, improving the structural stability of the housing 10. The placement of the second component 113 on the inner wall of the frame 111 optimizes space design, providing more space for the installation of electrical components.

[0103] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 According to some embodiments of this application, the second component 113 is provided with a monitoring hole 108 communicating with the second channel 104 on the side facing away from the first component 112, and the sensor 106 extends into the second channel 104 through the monitoring hole 108.

[0104] The monitoring hole 108 refers to the opening located on the top of the second component 113. The sensor 106 can extend into the second channel 104 of the second component 113 through this opening. The size of the opening can be set according to the actual situation, as long as it can meet the requirement that the sensing part of the sensor 106 can extend into the second channel 104.

[0105] like Figure 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the second component 113 is a hollow shell structure with a monitoring hole 108 at the top. The sensor 106 extends into the shell structure through the monitoring hole 108 to collect smoke information from the second channel 104.

[0106] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the second component 113 is integrally formed with the frame 111. The structure of the second component 113 can be a beam structure similar to that of the frame 111. A monitoring hole 108 is provided at the top of the beam structure. The sensor 106 extends into the second channel 104 through the monitoring hole 108 to collect smoke information of the second channel 104.

[0107] By setting a second component 113 inside the electrical compartment 102 and setting a monitoring hole 108 on the top of the second component 113, the second component 113 can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, realize the function of smoke gathering, and provide effective support for the installation of sensor 106, thereby improving the stability and reliability of sensor 106 installation.

[0108] Understandably, in order for the second component 113 to have a good smoke gathering function, the sensor 106 and the monitoring hole 108 can be sealed together to prevent the smoke in the second channel 104 from overflowing and affecting the detection accuracy and sensitivity of the sensor 106.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 6 According to some embodiments of this application, the frame 111 includes a first side beam 1111 disposed along a first direction Y and a second side beam 1112 disposed along a second direction X, wherein the first direction Y and the second direction X are perpendicular to each other. The battery compartment 101 and the electrical compartment 102 are arranged at intervals along the second direction X, and the second pressure relief structure 105 is disposed on the first side beam 1111 near the side of the electrical compartment 102. The first side beam 1111 includes a main body portion 1111a and a bent portion 1111b. The bent portion 1111b is disposed at the end of the main body portion 1111a at a preset inclination angle. The main body portion 1111a is connected to the second side beam 1112 through the bent portion 1111b, and the second pressure relief structure 105 is located on the bent portion 1111b.

[0110] The number of second pressure relief structures 105 can be one, two, or more. All second pressure relief structures 105 are located on the first side beam 1111 near the electrical compartment 102, and adjacent second pressure relief structures 105 are arranged at intervals along the first direction Y. Correspondingly, the number of second channels 104 corresponds one-to-one with the number of second pressure relief structures 105. Each second pressure relief structure 105 is connected to the first channel 103 through a second channel 104, and at least one sensor 106 is correspondingly installed in each second channel 104.

[0111] The housing 10 also includes a limiting beam 1113 arranged along the first direction Y. The two ends of the limiting beam 1113 are respectively connected to two second side beams 1112. The limiting beam 1113 is used to divide the accommodating cavity into a battery compartment 101 and an electrical compartment 102.

[0112] The limiting beam 1113 and the frame 111 can be processed into an integral structure by die casting or extrusion molding to improve the overall structural strength of the box 10.

[0113] The main body 1111a and the bent part 1111b can be integrally formed by die casting, so that the corner between the first side beam 1111 and the second side beam 1112 on the same side of the second pressure relief structure 105 forms a slope structure with a certain angle.

[0114] In some embodiments, the included angle between the bent portion 1111b and the main body portion 1111a is 120°-150°. For example, the included angle between the bent portion 1111b and the main body portion 1111a is 120°, 121°, 122°, 123°, 124°, 125°, 126°, 127°, 128°, 129°, 130°, 131°, 132°, 133°, 134°, 135°, 136°, 137°, 138°, 139°, 140°, 141°, 142°, 143°, 144°, 145°, 146°, 147°, 148°, 149°, or 150°.

[0115] The limiting beam 1113 refers to the beam structure used to limit and stop the battery cells 20 within the battery compartment 101, preventing the battery cells 20 from moving along the first direction Y or the second direction X, thus maintaining the stability of the battery cells 20 during the transfer, transportation, and operation of the battery device 100. Simultaneously, the limiting beam 1113 also disperses the expansion force and mechanical impact force of the battery cells 20, reducing the direct impact of the battery cells 20 on the frame 111.

[0116] By placing the second channel 104 on at least one side of the high-voltage distribution box along the width direction Y of the enclosure 10, the normal layout of the high-voltage distribution box will not be affected. The space design of the electrical compartment 102 is optimized by making reasonable use of the gap between the high-voltage distribution box and the frame 111 to house the second channel 104. When the high-voltage distribution box has the second channel 104 and sensor 106 on both sides along the width direction Y of the enclosure 10, multi-point monitoring of smoke can be achieved. Multi-point monitoring can detect thermal runaway more promptly, which is beneficial for early prevention of thermal runaway.

[0117] The bend 1111b can smooth the sharp corners of the frame 111, reducing local turbulence and resistance during smoke flow. When the second pressure relief structure 105 is opened, the high-temperature smoke can be discharged more smoothly from the second channel 104 under the guiding effect of the bend 1111b, avoiding flow obstruction or vortex caused by right angles and improving pressure relief efficiency.

[0118] Please refer to Figures 6-8 According to some embodiments of this application, the battery device also includes a battery management system (not shown) that is signal-connected to sensor 106, which is used to transmit smoke information collected from the second channel 104 to the battery management system.

[0119] The battery management system is designed to intelligently manage and maintain each battery cell 20, monitor the status of each battery cell 20, prevent overcharging and over-discharging of the battery cells 20, and extend the service life of the battery device 100.

[0120] By connecting sensor 106 to the battery management system, sensor 106 can transmit real-time smoke information to the battery management system, which can then provide timely warnings of thermal runaway of the battery device based on this smoke information.

[0121] Please refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 According to some embodiments of this application, sensor 106 is electrically connected to the battery management system via sensor harness 107, which is arranged on the side of the second component 113 facing away from the first component 112.

[0122] Specifically, the sensor harness 107 is arranged on the surface of the second component 113 facing away from the first component 112.

[0123] By placing the sensor harness 107 on the side of the second component 113 facing away from the first component 112, the wiring path between the sensor 106 and the battery management system can be shortened, the harness bending and redundant length can be reduced, the harness space occupied can be reduced, and the harness wiring design can be simplified.

[0124] Please see Figures 2-9 According to some embodiments of this application, the smoke information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of smoke pressure, smoke temperature, smoke components, and smoke component concentration.

[0125] Smoke pressure refers to the pressure change in the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 caused by the ejection of a large amount of gas due to the chemical reaction inside the battery cell 20 during thermal runaway. Smoke pressure is usually monitored using a pressure sensor. When the rate of pressure change exceeds the pressure threshold, the battery management system will trigger an alarm.

[0126] Smoke temperature refers to the temperature of the high-temperature gas released when a single battery cell (20) experiences thermal runaway. Smoke temperature is typically monitored using a temperature sensor. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature or rate of temperature change within the second channel (104) exceeds a temperature threshold, the battery management system will trigger an alert.

[0127] Smoke components refer to the types of gases released when the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway. During thermal runaway, the battery cell 20 releases various characteristic gases, including but not limited to hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and ethylene (C2H4). Gas sensors detect these specific gases to determine the abnormal state of the battery device 100.

[0128] Smoke component concentration refers to the level of the aforementioned characteristic gases in the smoke. Gas sensors detect abnormalities in the battery device 100 by monitoring changes in the concentration of these gases. For example, the battery management system triggers an alert when the concentration of hydrogen or carbon monoxide reaches a dangerous threshold.

[0129] When battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the emitted smoke causes a rapid increase in pressure within the first channel 103 and the second channel 104. The pressure change response is rapid, and using a pressure sensor to monitor the smoke pressure can detect anomalies before a significant temperature rise. During the thermal runaway gas emission process, hydrogen is released in the early stages, while carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds are released in the middle stages. Gas sensors can provide earlier warnings by monitoring these characteristic gases. Single parameters (such as smoke temperature) are easily affected by environmental interference, while combining multi-dimensional data such as smoke pressure, smoke gas composition, and smoke component concentration can reduce false alarms and improve monitoring accuracy and sensitivity.

[0130] According to some embodiments of this application, sensor 106 includes at least one of a barometric pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

[0131] The air pressure sensor is used to sense the smoke pressure in the second channel 104. When the air pressure sensor detects that the air pressure or air pressure change rate in the second channel 104 exceeds the air pressure threshold, the system triggers an alarm.

[0132] The temperature sensor is used to sense the smoke temperature in the second channel 104. When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature or the rate of temperature change in the second channel 104 exceeds the temperature threshold, the system triggers an alarm.

[0133] Based on the characteristic that thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 causes an increase in air pressure and temperature in the first channel 103 and the second channel 104, this application installs at least one of an air pressure sensor and a temperature sensor in the second channel 104 to monitor abnormal air pressure and / or temperature phenomena in the smoke exhaust path, so as to achieve early detection and early warning.

[0134] This application also provides an electrical device that includes a battery device as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used to provide electrical energy.

[0135] Electrical devices include vehicles (such as cars, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, etc.), display devices (such as mobile phones, tablets, laptops, etc.), electric toys, power tools, etc.

[0136] It is understood that the electrical device provided in this application, by applying the battery device of any of the above embodiments, has all the beneficial effects of the battery device described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0137] This application also provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery device as described in any of the above embodiments, the battery device being used for energy storage.

[0138] Energy storage devices can include, but are not limited to, centralized energy storage devices (such as containerized energy storage devices), distributed energy storage devices, mobile energy storage devices, and so on.

[0139] It is understood that the energy storage device provided in this application, by applying the battery device of any of the above embodiments, has all the beneficial effects of the battery device described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0140] The battery device of this application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, as detailed below.

[0141] like Figures 3-8 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a battery device 100, which is a bottom-sprayed battery device, including a housing 10, a battery cell 20, and a sensor 106. The housing 10 includes a first part 11 and a second part 12, which define a battery compartment 101 and an electrical compartment 102. The battery cell 20 is placed in the battery compartment 101, and the electrical components (not shown) are placed in the electrical compartment 102.

[0142] Specifically, the first part 11 includes a frame 111 and a first component 112. The frame 111 and the first component 112 enclose a space for accommodating the battery cell 20 and electrical components. The first component 112 has a first channel 103 inside. The electrical compartment 102 has a second component 113 inside. The second component 113 is a hollow shell structure. The shell structure itself has an internal cavity that forms a second channel 104. Alternatively, the shell structure and the first component 112 can enclose the second channel 104. Or, the shell structure and the frame 111 can enclose the second channel 104. Or, the shell structure, the first component 112, and the frame 111 can enclose the second channel 104.

[0143] The second component 113 has a monitoring hole 108 on its top. A sensor 106 extends into the second component 113 through the monitoring hole 108. The sensor 106 is electrically connected to the BMS and is used to monitor smoke information in the second channel 104.

[0144] The second pressure relief structure 105 is disposed on the frame 111 and located on the side of the electrical compartment 102 away from the battery compartment 101. The first component 112 includes a first support member 1121 and a second support member 1122 disposed opposite to each other. The first support member 1121 is located on the side of the second support member 1122 closer to the battery cell 20. The first support member 1121 and the second support member 1122 enclose a first channel 103. The first support member 1121 is provided with a first opening 1123 corresponding to the first pressure relief structure 21b. The first channel 103 communicates with the battery compartment 101 through the first opening 1123. The first support member 1121 is also provided with a second opening 1124 corresponding to the second component 113. The first channel 103 communicates with the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124. The second channel 104 is in turn connected to the second pressure relief structure 105. The smoke generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 20 flows sequentially through the first channel 103 and the second channel 104 to the second pressure relief structure 105. The sensor 106 is used to collect the smoke information of the second channel 104 and transmit the collected smoke information to the BMS. The BMS triggers an alarm based on the smoke information.

[0145] like Figure 8 As shown by the middle arrow, when the battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the generated smoke enters the first channel 103 through the first opening 1123. Under the guidance and constraint of the first channel 103, the smoke flows upward into the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124. Due to the gathering effect of the second channel 104 on the smoke, the smoke in the second channel 104 will not be diluted due to diffusion. Therefore, the sensor 106 can quickly and sensitively detect the smoke information.

[0146] like Figure 6 As shown, the frame 111 includes two first side beams 1111 and two second side beams 1112. The first side beams 1111 are arranged along a first direction Y, and the second side beams 1112 are arranged along a second direction X. The first part 11 also includes a limiting beam 1113, which is located within the enclosure of the frame 111 and is arranged along the first direction Y. The two ends of the limiting beam 1113 are respectively connected to the inner sidewall of the frame 111. The frame 111 and the limiting beam 1113 define the battery compartment 101 and the electrical compartment 102.

[0147] In this embodiment, two second pressure relief structures 105 are provided on the first side beam 1111 near the electrical compartment 102, and the two second pressure relief structures 105 are respectively located at both ends of the first side beam 1111. Correspondingly, two second components 113 and two sensors 106 are provided. The two second components 113 are respectively located on both sides of the electrical compartment 102 along the first direction Y, and each second component 113 is provided with one sensor 106. In this way, without affecting the normal layout of electrical components, the gap between the electrical components and the frame 111 can be effectively used to lay out the second channel 104, realize multi-point monitoring of high temperature smoke, and improve the accuracy and sensitivity of smoke monitoring.

[0148] It should be noted that both sensors 106 can be either pressure sensors or temperature sensors, or one sensor 106 can be a pressure sensor and the other sensor 106 can be a temperature sensor.

[0149] In this embodiment, a hollow second component 113 is installed within the electrical compartment 102. This second component 113 connects the first channel 103 to the second pressure relief structure 105. The second component 113 can effectively guide and constrain the smoke generated by thermal runaway, achieving smoke aggregation and improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the smoke detection by the sensor 106. Furthermore, the second component 113 provides effective support for the installation of the sensor 106, improving the stability and reliability of the sensor's installation. In addition, the second component 113 shares the same storage space with the electrical components, without occupying the space of the battery compartment 101, thus improving the internal space utilization of the battery device 100.

[0150] like Figures 3-9 As shown, some other embodiments of this application provide a battery device 100, the structure of which is similar to that of the battery device 100 in Embodiment 1 above, the difference being that: in this embodiment, the second component 113 is integrally formed with the frame 111, the second channel 104 in the second component 113 is disposed on the inner sidewall of the frame 111, and communicates with the second pressure relief structure 105 and the first channel 103 respectively. The bottom of the second component 113 can directly contact the first component 112, the second opening 1124 is disposed corresponding to the second component 113, and the bottom of the second component 113 is provided with a third opening 1131 directly opposite the second opening 1124. The first channel 103 communicates with the second channel 104 sequentially through the second opening 1124 and the third opening 1131.

[0151] In this embodiment, the second component 113 is integrated onto the frame 111. The structure of the second component 113 can be a beam structure similar to that of the frame 111. The second component 113 and the frame 111 together constitute the skeleton structure of the box 10. The second channel 104 is formed by the internal cavity of the second component 113. A monitoring hole 108 is provided on the top of the second component 113, and a sensor 106 extends into the second channel 104 through the monitoring hole 108. Smoke in the first channel 103 flows into the second channel 104 through the second opening 1124 and the third opening 1131 in sequence. The second channel 104 is connected to the second pressure relief structure 105 through a through hole on the side wall of the second component 113.

[0152] It should be noted that the other structures of the battery device 100 in this embodiment are the same as those of the battery device 100 in the first embodiment above. Please refer to the above embodiments for details, which will not be repeated here.

[0153] In this embodiment, a hollow second component 113 is integrated into the inner wall of the frame 111. This second component 113 connects the first channel 103 to the second pressure relief structure 105. The second component 113 effectively guides and confines the smoke generated by thermal runaway, achieving smoke aggregation and improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the smoke detection by the sensor 106. Furthermore, the second component 113 provides effective support for the installation of the sensor 106, improving its stability and reliability. In addition, the second component 113 and the frame 111 together form the skeleton structure of the housing 10, enhancing its structural stability. The shared space design between the second component 113 and the frame 111 frees up space in the battery compartment 101, further improving the internal space utilization of the battery device 100.

[0154] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized by, The battery management system comprises: a battery cell comprising a first pressure relief structure; a box body comprising: a frame; a second pressure relief structure arranged on the frame; a first assembly connected with the frame and arranged opposite to the first pressure relief structure; the first assembly and the frame together define a battery compartment and an electrical compartment arranged in a spaced manner, the electrical compartment is located on a side of the battery compartment close to the second pressure relief structure, and the battery cell is located in the battery compartment; the first assembly is provided with a first channel in communication with the battery compartment; a second assembly arranged in the electrical compartment and connected with the first assembly and the frame respectively, the second assembly is provided with a second channel in communication with the first channel and the second pressure relief structure; and a sensor arranged in the second channel and used for collecting smoke information of the second channel.

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized by The first assembly comprises a first support and a second support arranged opposite to each other, the first support is located on a side of the second support close to the battery cell, and the first support and the second support enclose the first channel; wherein the first support is provided with a first opening corresponding to the first pressure relief structure one by one, and the first channel is in communication with the battery compartment through the first opening.

3. The battery device of claim 2, wherein The first support is also provided with a second opening corresponding to the second assembly, and the first channel is in communication with the second channel through the second opening.

4. The battery device of claim 3, wherein The second assembly comprises a hollow shell structure, the second channel is formed by an internal cavity of the shell structure, the second opening is arranged corresponding to the bottom of the shell structure and is in communication with the cavity, and the second pressure relief structure is arranged on the frame and is in communication with the cavity.

5. The battery device of claim 3, wherein The second assembly is integrally formed with the frame, the second channel is arranged on the inner side wall of the frame and is in communication with the second pressure relief structure and the first channel respectively.

6. The battery device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by A monitoring hole in communication with the second channel is arranged on a side of the second assembly away from the first assembly, and the sensor extends into the second channel through the monitoring hole.

7. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The frame comprises a first edge beam arranged along a first direction and a second edge beam arranged along a second direction, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; The battery compartment and the electrical compartment are arranged in a spaced manner along the second direction, the second pressure relief structure is arranged on the first edge beam close to the electrical compartment, the first edge beam comprises a main body portion and a bent portion, the bent portion is arranged on an end portion of the main body portion at a preset inclined angle, the main body portion is connected with the second edge beam through the bent portion, and the second pressure relief structure is located on the bent portion.

8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein Further comprising a battery management system connected with the sensor, the sensor is used for transmitting the collected smoke information of the second channel to the battery management system.

9. The battery device of claim 8, wherein, The sensor is electrically connected with the battery management system through a sensor wire harness, and the sensor wire harness is arranged on a side of the second assembly away from the first assembly.

10. The battery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein The smoke information comprises at least one of smoke pressure, smoke temperature, smoke component and smoke component concentration.

11. The battery device of any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The sensor comprises at least one of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor.

12. An electrical device, characterized by A battery device as claimed in any one of claims 1-11 for providing electrical energy.

13. An energy storage device, characterized by, A battery device as claimed in any one of claims 1-11 for storing electrical energy.

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