Novel household garbage dry-wet separation equipment

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of garbage pretreatment, and particularly relates to novel household garbage dry-wet separation equipment. The equipment comprises a squeezing unit, a pre-pressing unit, a garbage can butt joint unit and a hydraulic control system. The squeezing unit comprises a squeezing machine body, a squeezing push head, a blocking door device, a packing seal, a blocking door groove device, a large conveying screw, a small conveying screw, a slurry conveying pump, a porous plate, a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle, a feeding hole flange, a pressure relief groove and a pressure relief hole; the pre-pressing unit comprises a pre-pressing machine body, a pre-pressing push head, a barrel overturning frame, a crushing roller, a water filtering screen, a juice receiving hopper, a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle nozzle and a discharge hole flange; the garbage can butt joint unit comprises a door lifting device, a locking device, a push-pull device and a garbage can; and the hydraulic control system comprises a power station, a pressing oil cylinder, a pre-pressing oil cylinder and a crushing motor. And under the condition that garbage classification is immature, the treatment efficiency and the separation effect of the garbage are effectively improved, and preparation is made for other back-end treatment processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste pretreatment technology, and in particular relates to a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for domestic waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards in my country, the amount of household waste is increasing dramatically. Currently, the main methods for disposing of household waste are incineration and landfill. However, with the rapid development of urban-rural integration and increased environmental awareness, many cities no longer have land available for landfills. Furthermore, due to the NIMBY (Not In My Backyard) effect, site selection for waste incineration plants is becoming increasingly difficult. The problem of waste surrounding cities is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed. Therefore, it is crucial to significantly reduce the amount of waste entering the final disposal stage. Household waste should undergo dry and wet separation. Dry waste should be incinerated or landfilled at the disposal stage, while wet waste can be treated on-site or centrally for resource recovery, thereby reducing the amount of waste requiring final disposal.

[0003] In the field of environmental protection technology, commonly used plate and frame filter presses are not suitable for fruits, vegetables, kitchen waste, and other garbage, but they are very effective at treating relatively pure materials such as sludge. Secondly, various screw presses, with their special auger design, are prone to clogging and jamming during processing, and may even fail to pressurize and separate highly fluid materials. Finally, related systems and equipment for mechanical sorting, crushing, and pulping processes suffer from insufficient versatility, poor solid-liquid separation, and significant organic matter loss, especially given the current immaturity of waste sorting. Therefore, a new type of pre-treatment equipment for municipal solid waste is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to improve waste pretreatment technology and provide a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for household waste, which can effectively improve the processing efficiency and separation effect when waste sorting is not yet mature.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste includes a pressing unit (10), a pre-compression unit (20), a waste bin docking unit (30), and a hydraulic control system (40). The pressing unit (10) includes a pressing machine body (11), a pressing pusher (12), a gate device (13), a packing seal (101), a gate groove device (14), a large conveying screw (15), a small conveying screw (16), a slurry conveying pump (17), a perforated plate (102), a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle (103), an inlet flange (104), a pressure relief groove (105), and a pressure relief hole (106). 6); The pre-compression unit (20) includes a pre-compression body (21), a pre-compression pusher (22), a tipping frame (23), a crushing drum (24), a water filter screen (201), a juice receiving hopper (202), a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle (103), and a discharge port flange (203); The garbage bin docking unit (30) includes a lifting door device (31), a locking device (32), a push-pull device (33), and a garbage bin (34); The hydraulic control system (40) includes a power station (41), a pressing cylinder (42), a pre-compression cylinder (43), and a crushing motor (44). Among them:

[0007] Garbage bin docking unit (30): The push-pull device (33) and locking device (32) are located on both sides of the pressing unit (10) to realize the positioning and locking of the garbage bin (34). The garbage bin (34) and the pressing unit (10) are docked, and the lifting device (31) opens the gate.

[0008] Pre-compression unit (20): The side of the pre-compression machine body (21) is provided with a tilting frame (23); the pre-compression pusher (22) is placed horizontally inside the pre-compression machine body (21) and is driven by the pre-compression cylinder (43) to move back and forth along the track groove; the bottom of the pre-compression machine body (21) is equipped with a water filter screen (201) and a juice receiving hopper (202) and is connected to the large conveying screw (15); the front end of the pre-compression machine body (21) is provided with a crushing roller (24), and the crushing motor (44) drives it to complete the crushing during the pre-compression process.

[0009] Pressing unit (10): When the gate device (13) is closed and the gate slot device (14) is retracted, an independent cavity is formed inside the press body (11). The pressing cylinder (42) drives the pressing pusher (12) to complete the three processes of feeding, pushing and pressing. When the gate device (13) is opened and the gate slot device (14) is extended, the pressing cylinder (42) drives the pressing pusher (12) to complete the packing process. The press body (11) is equipped with perforated plates (102) on three sides except the top of the cavity. The large spiral conveyor (15) and the small spiral conveyor (16) are respectively installed at the bottom of the press body (11) to receive the separated wet waste. The small spiral conveyor (16) receives the wet waste returned from the rear end of the pressing pusher (12) and simultaneously conveys it to the large spiral conveyor (15). The large spiral conveyor (15) is equipped with a slurry conveying pump (17) on the side, which can convey the wet waste inside to the subsequent processing process.

[0010] The pre-compression unit (20) is located above the pressing unit (10). The two are stacked and installed through the outlet flange (203) and the inlet flange (104), forming a T-shaped arrangement. The pre-compression unit (20) completes the processes of feeding, pre-compression, and crushing. It passes through the inlet and outlet to the pressing unit (10) to complete the processes of feeding, pushing, pressing, and packing. The pre-compression unit (20) cycles through these processes to achieve dry and wet separation.

[0011] According to this preferred embodiment, the pre-pressure pusher (22) is synchronously driven by two horizontally arranged pre-pressure cylinders (43) to ensure the stability of the pre-pressure pusher (22) moving forward and backward.

[0012] According to this preferred embodiment, a water filter screen (201) and a juice receiving hopper (202) are installed at the bottom of the pre-compressor body (21) and are connected to the large conveying screw (15).

[0013] According to this preferred embodiment, the front end of the pre-compressor body (21) is provided with a crushing drum (24) to crush the pre-compressed and filtered materials.

[0014] According to this preferred embodiment, the pre-press body (21) is located above the press body (11), and the two are stacked and installed through the discharge port flange (203) and the feed port flange (104), forming a T-shaped arrangement. The crushed material falls freely into the press body (11).

[0015] According to this preferred embodiment, perforated plates (102) are provided on both sides and bottom of the cavity at the front end of the press body (11), and the outer cavity of the perforated plate (102) is connected to the large spiral conveyor (15).

[0016] According to this preferred embodiment, the pressing cylinder (42) is driven in two stages by the power station (41). The first-stage cylinder has saturated and stable pressure for separating dry and wet waste, while the second-stage cylinder has insufficient pressure but a long stroke for packing dry waste.

[0017] According to this preferred embodiment, a packing seal (101) is installed on one side of the gate device (13), and a pressure relief groove (105) is provided at the adjacent position to communicate with the large spiral conveyor (15); a gate groove device (14) is installed on the other side, and a pressure relief hole (106) is provided at the bottom to communicate with the large spiral conveyor (15); the gate groove device (14) is provided with multiple sets of springs, which can automatically pop out to assist the gate device (13) in opening.

[0018] According to this preferred embodiment, the end of the cavity of the press body (11) and the pre-press body (21) is provided with a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle (103). High-pressure water supply can clean the end of the body in time, and then the juice collection hopper (202), large spiral conveyor (15), and small spiral conveyor (16) are used to complete the collection.

[0019] According to this preferred embodiment, the push-pull device (33) and locking device (32) of the garbage bin docking unit (30) are located on both sides of the pressing unit (10) to realize the positioning and locking of the garbage bin (34); the garbage bin (34) and the pressing unit (10) are docked, and the lifting device (31) opens the gate.

[0020] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. The pre-compression unit and the pressing unit are stacked and installed, and operate independently. The stability of the pusher head of each unit is significantly improved during the forward and backward movement.

[0022] 2. The modular design allows for strong interchangeability of components such as the garbage bin docking unit, pressing unit, and pre-compression unit.

[0023] 3. The pre-compressor is equipped with a water filter screen and a crushing roller at the front end. The press is equipped with a perforated plate to ensure that domestic waste can be separated step by step, relieve the pressure during the pressing stage, and ensure the final processing effect and efficiency of the equipment.

[0024] 4. The scissor fork arrangement of the pre-pressing cylinder and the two-stage drive of the pressing cylinder make the equipment structure more compact, making it very suitable for small and medium-sized waste transfer stations.

[0025] 5. The pressing unit and pre-pressing unit are equipped with universal fan-shaped flat nozzles at the rear of the machine body, and the gate device is equipped with packing seals and pressure relief positions, which can effectively ensure the hygiene of the internal environment of the equipment and reduce labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 Axonometric drawing of the main structure of a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste.

[0027] Figure 2 Side view of the main structure of a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste - the pressing unit, a partial view of the gate packing material (I), and a partial view of the gate groove device (II).

[0029] Figure 4 This is a half-sectional view of the pre-compression unit of a new type of dry and wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Referring to the attached drawings, a novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste is characterized by comprising a pressing unit (10), a pre-compression unit (20), a waste bin docking unit (30), and a hydraulic control system (40). The pressing unit (10) includes a pressing body (11), a pressing pusher (12), a gate device (13), a packing seal (101), a gate groove device (14), a large conveying screw (15), a small conveying screw (16), a slurry conveying pump (17), a perforated plate (102), a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle (103), an inlet flange (104), and a pressure relief groove (105). Pressure relief hole (106); the pre-compression unit (20) includes a pre-compression body (21), a pre-compression pusher (22), a tipping frame (23), a crushing drum (24), a water filter screen (201), a juice receiving hopper (202), a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle (103), and a discharge port flange (203); the garbage bin docking unit (30) includes a lifting door device (31), a locking device (32), a push-pull device (33), and a garbage bin (34); the hydraulic control system (40) includes a power station (41), a pressing cylinder (42), a pre-compression cylinder (43), and a crushing motor (44). Among them:

[0031] Garbage bin docking unit (30): The push-pull device (33) and locking device (32) are located on both sides of the pressing unit (10) to realize the positioning and locking of the garbage bin (34). The garbage bin (34) and the pressing unit (10) are docked, and the lifting device (31) opens the gate.

[0032] Pre-compression unit (20): The side of the pre-compression machine body (21) is provided with a tilting frame (23); the pre-compression pusher (22) is placed horizontally inside the pre-compression machine body (21) and is driven by the pre-compression cylinder (43) to move back and forth along the track groove; the bottom of the pre-compression machine body (21) is equipped with a water filter screen (201) and a juice receiving hopper (202) and is connected to the large conveying screw (15); the front end of the pre-compression machine body (21) is provided with a crushing roller (24), and the crushing motor (44) drives it to complete the crushing during the pre-compression process.

[0033] Pressing unit (10): When the gate device (13) is closed and the gate slot device (14) is retracted, an independent cavity is formed inside the press body (11). The pressing cylinder (42) drives the pressing pusher (12) to complete the three processes of feeding, pushing and pressing. When the gate device (13) is opened and the gate slot device (14) is extended, the pressing cylinder (42) drives the pressing pusher (12) to complete the packing process. The press body (11) is equipped with perforated plates (102) on three sides except the top of the cavity. The large spiral conveyor (15) and the small spiral conveyor (16) are respectively installed at the bottom of the press body (11) to receive the separated wet waste. The small spiral conveyor (16) receives the wet waste returned from the rear end of the pressing pusher (12) and simultaneously conveys it to the large spiral conveyor (15). The large spiral conveyor (15) is equipped with a slurry conveying pump (17) on the side, which can convey the wet waste inside to the subsequent processing process.

[0034] The pre-compression unit (20) is located above the pressing unit (10). The two are stacked and installed through the outlet flange (203) and the inlet flange (104), forming a T-shaped arrangement. The pre-compression unit (20) completes the processes of feeding, pre-compression, and crushing. It passes through the inlet and outlet to the pressing unit (10) to complete the processes of feeding, pushing, pressing, and packing. The pre-compression unit (20) cycles through these processes to achieve dry and wet separation.

[0035] Furthermore, the pre-pressure pusher (22) is synchronously driven by two horizontally arranged pre-pressure cylinders (43) to ensure the stability of the pre-pressure pusher (22) moving forward and backward.

[0036] Furthermore, a water filter screen (201) and a juice receiving hopper (202) are installed at the bottom of the pre-compressor body (21) and are connected to the large conveying screw (15).

[0037] Furthermore, the front end of the pre-compressor body (21) is provided with a crushing drum (24) to crush the pre-compressed and filtered materials.

[0038] Furthermore, the pre-press body (21) is located above the press body (11), and the two are stacked and installed through the discharge port flange (203) and the feed port flange (104), forming a T-shaped arrangement. The crushed material falls freely into the press body (11).

[0039] Furthermore, perforated plates (102) are provided on both sides and bottom of the cavity at the front end of the press body (11), and the outer cavity of the perforated plate (102) is connected to the large spiral conveyor (15).

[0040] Furthermore, the pressing cylinder (42) is driven in two stages by the power station (41). The first-stage cylinder has saturated and stable pressure for separating dry and wet waste, while the second-stage cylinder has insufficient pressure but a long stroke for packing dry waste.

[0041] Furthermore, a packing seal (101) is installed on one side of the gate device (13), and a pressure relief groove (105) is provided at the adjacent position to communicate with the large spiral conveyor (15); a gate groove device (14) is installed on the other side, and a pressure relief hole (106) is provided at the bottom to communicate with the large spiral conveyor (15); the gate groove device (14) is provided with multiple sets of springs, which can automatically pop out to assist the gate device (13) in opening.

[0042] Furthermore, the press body (11) and the pre-press body (21) are equipped with universal fan-shaped flat nozzles (103) at the rear of the cavity. High-pressure water supply can clean the rear of the body in time, and then the juice collection hopper (202), large spiral conveyor (15), and small spiral conveyor (16) are used to complete the collection.

[0043] Furthermore, the push-pull device (33) and locking device (32) of the garbage bin docking unit (30) are located on both sides of the pressing unit (10) to realize the positioning and locking of the garbage bin (34); the garbage bin (34) and the pressing unit (10) are docked, and the lifting device (31) opens the gate.

[0044] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages: the pre-compression unit and the pressing unit are stacked and installed, and operate independently, significantly improving the stability of the pusher head of each unit during forward and backward movement; the split modular design ensures strong interchangeability of components such as the garbage bin docking unit, pressing unit, and pre-compression unit; the pre-compression machine body is equipped with a water filter screen, the front end is equipped with a crushing roller, and the pressing machine body is equipped with a perforated plate, ensuring that domestic waste can be separated step by step, relieving pressure during the pressing stage, and ensuring the final processing effect and efficiency of the equipment; the scissor fork arrangement of the pre-compression cylinder and the two-stage drive of the pressing cylinder make the equipment structure more compact, making it very suitable for small and medium-sized garbage transfer stations; the pressing unit and the pre-compression unit are equipped with universal fan-shaped flat nozzles at the rear, and the baffle device is equipped with packing seals and pressure relief positions, which can effectively ensure the hygiene of the internal environment of the equipment and reduce labor costs.

[0045] In addition, the main structure diagram in this manual is not limited to the complete machine. Auxiliary equipment and facilities such as roof, shell, negative pressure deodorization system, and sewage pretreatment system can be designed.

[0046] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste, comprising a pressing unit, a pre-pressing unit, a waste bin docking unit, and a hydraulic control system; wherein the pressing unit includes a pressing machine body, a pressing pusher, a gate device, a packing seal, a gate groove device, a large conveying screw, a small conveying screw, a slurry conveying pump, a perforated plate, a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle, an inlet flange, a pressure relief groove, and a pressure relief hole; wherein the pre-pressing unit includes a pre-pressing machine body, a pre-pressing pusher, a tilting frame, a crushing drum, a water filter screen, a juice receiving hopper, a universal fan-shaped flat nozzle, and an outlet flange; wherein the waste bin docking unit includes a lifting door device, a locking device, a push-pull device, and a waste bin; wherein the hydraulic control system includes a power station, a pressing cylinder, a pre-pressing cylinder, and a crushing motor; characterized in that: Garbage bin docking unit: The push-pull device and locking device are located on both sides of the pressing unit to achieve garbage bin positioning and locking. The garbage bin is docked with the pressing unit, and the lifting door device opens the gate. Pre-compression unit: A tilting frame is provided on the side of the pre-compression machine body; the pre-compression pusher is placed horizontally inside the pre-compression machine body and is driven by the pre-compression cylinder to reciprocate along the track groove; a water filter screen and a juice receiving hopper are installed at the bottom of the pre-compression machine body and are connected to the large conveying screw; a crushing roller is provided at the front end of the pre-compression machine body and is driven by the crushing motor to complete the crushing during the pre-compression process; The pressing unit: When the gate device is closed and the gate slot device retracts, an independent cavity is formed inside the press. The pressing cylinder drives the pressing pusher to complete the three processes of feeding, pushing, and pressing. When the gate device is open and the gate slot device extends, the pressing cylinder drives the pressing pusher to complete the packing process. This cycle repeats continuously. The press body has perforated plates on three sides except for the top of the cavity. The large spiral conveyor and the small spiral conveyor are installed at the bottom of the press body to receive the separated wet waste. The small spiral conveyor receives the wet waste returned from the rear end of the pressing pusher and simultaneously conveys it to the large spiral conveyor. A slurry conveying pump is installed on the side of the large spiral conveyor to transport the wet waste inside to subsequent processing processes. The pre-compression unit is located above the pressing unit, and the two are stacked together through the discharge port flange and the inlet port flange, forming a T-shaped arrangement. The pre-compression unit completes feeding, pre-compression, and crushing, and then feeds, pushes, presses, and packs the material into the pressing unit through the inlet and outlet ports. This cycle is repeated to achieve dry and wet separation.

2. The novel dry-wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-compression pusher is synchronously driven by two horizontally arranged pre-compression cylinders to ensure the stability of the pre-compression pusher in its forward and backward movement.

3. The novel dry-wet separation equipment for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the pre-compressor body is equipped with a water filter screen and a juice receiving hopper, which are connected to the large conveying screw.

4. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the pre-compressor is equipped with a crushing drum to crush the pre-compressed and filtered materials.

5. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-compressor body is located above the press body. The two are stacked and installed through the discharge port flange and the inlet port flange, forming a T-shaped arrangement. The crushed material falls freely into the press body.

6. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the press body is provided with perforated plates on both sides and bottom of the cavity, and the outer cavity of the perforated plate is connected to the large spiral conveyor.

7. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing cylinder is driven in two stages by a power station. The first-stage cylinder has saturated and stable pressure for separating dry and wet waste, while the second-stage cylinder has insufficient pressure but a long stroke for packing dry waste into boxes.

8. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gate blocking device has a packing seal installed on one side, and a pressure relief groove connected to the large spiral conveyor at an adjacent position; a gate blocking groove device is installed on the other side, with a pressure relief hole at the bottom connected to the large spiral conveyor; the gate blocking groove device is equipped with multiple sets of springs that can automatically pop out to assist the gate blocking device in opening.

9. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The press body and pre-press body are equipped with universal fan-shaped flat nozzles at the rear of their cavities. High-pressure water supply can clean the rear of the machine body in a timely manner, and then the juice collection is completed by the juice receiving hopper, large spiral conveyor, and small spiral conveyor.

10. A novel dry-wet separation device for municipal solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push-pull device and locking device of the garbage bin docking unit are located on both sides of the pressing unit to achieve garbage bin positioning and locking; after the garbage bin is docked with the pressing unit, the lifting door device opens the gate.

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