Biomass baking kiln

Abstract

A biomass baking kiln comprises a shell, a chain plate type conveying device and a heating device. The heating device comprises a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe. The first heating pipe is transversely arranged above the chain plate type conveying device; the multiple first heating pipes are continuously arranged in the vertical direction, and the multiple first heating pipes form a flange assembly. The second heating pipe is transversely arranged above the chain plate type conveying device; the multiple second heating pipes are arranged in the vertical direction. The number of the flange assemblies is two, and the two flange assemblies are sequentially arranged in the longitudinal direction. The first heating pipe at the bottom end of the flange assembly is attached to the upper side surface of the chain plate type conveying device and used for being in sliding contact with the chain plate type conveying device. According to the biomass baking kiln, the chain plate type conveying device of a horizontal conveying structure is applied, in the process that biomass is conveyed along the conveying device, the biomass is heated, baked and baked, no rotating part is arranged in the equipment, the heating device is kept fixed, the sealing structure is simple, the effect is stable, and air leakage and water leakage are not prone to occurring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of biomass processing equipment, and in particular relates to a biomass baking kiln. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass, as a widely available renewable energy source in nature, has attracted increasing attention for its processing and utilization technologies. However, biomass' low calorific value, high moisture content, difficulty in crushing, and easy decomposition severely limit its potential as an energy source. To overcome these shortcomings, biomass roasting technology has emerged. In the biomass roasting process, the roasting equipment is a key technological component, and its performance directly affects the roasting effect and subsequent energy conversion efficiency.

[0003] Currently, drum-type roasting ovens are a common type of equipment in the field of biomass roasting. Their core structure typically includes a horizontally placed rotating drum, inside which are lifting plates and other devices. Biomass feed enters from one end of the drum, and as the drum rotates, the lifting plates continuously turn the feed, ensuring it comes into full contact with the heating elements on the inner wall of the drum, thus achieving heat transfer and the roasting process. After a period of time, the roasted biomass is discharged from the other end of the drum.

[0004] While this type of drum roasting kiln meets the basic requirements of biomass roasting to a certain extent, it still reveals many shortcomings in practical applications. Firstly, the steam working pressure and temperature of the drum roasting kiln are relatively high. Because the drum is rotating, sealing structures are required at both ends. These sealing structures are often complex, costly, and their sealing effect is still not ideal, easily leading to air and water leaks. Secondly, the discharge speed of the drum roasting kiln is relatively fast, with the material's residence time inside the kiln typically only 15 to 40 minutes. This is too short for biomass roasting, making it difficult to achieve optimal roasting results. Furthermore, the drum structure requires high strength from the drum wall, resulting in a large overall weight of the equipment and higher power consumption for the same processing capacity. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, one aspect of this application proposes a biomass baking oven, comprising:

[0007] The shell has a baking chamber inside; the top and bottom of the shell have a feeding port and a discharging port, respectively, which are connected to the baking chamber.

[0008] A chain conveyor is installed laterally in the baking chamber, extending from one end of the baking chamber to the other end. The chain conveyor is connected to the drive unit. One end of the chain conveyor is located directly above the feed inlet, used to carry the biomass fed through the feed inlet and convey it to the other end of the chain conveyor under the drive of the drive unit. The other end of the chain conveyor is located directly above the discharge outlet, used to allow the chain conveyor to feed the biomass downward into the feed inlet.

[0009] A heating device, installed inside the baking chamber, is connected to a steam supply device for heating the baking chamber; the heating device includes:

[0010] The first heating tube is arranged horizontally above the chain plate conveyor; multiple first heating tubes are arranged vertically in a continuous manner to form a side guard assembly.

[0011] The second heating tube is arranged horizontally above the chain conveyor; multiple second heating tubes are arranged vertically.

[0012] The side guard assembly has two sets, which are arranged longitudinally to form a baking channel between the two sets of side guard assemblies; the first heating tube at the bottom of the side guard assembly is attached to the upper surface of the chain plate conveyor for sliding contact with it; the second heating tube is arranged between the two sets of side guard assemblies.

[0013] In this technical solution, the structural design applies a chain-plate conveyor with a horizontal conveying structure to a biomass roasting kiln. The conveyor smoothly transports the biomass from the inlet to the outlet. During the transport of the biomass along the conveyor within the roasting chamber, it is heated and roasted by a heating device, completing the roasting process. The equipment has no rotating parts; the heating device remains stationary and can be connected to a steam supply device via a pipe extending outside the shell. There is no need for sealing between relatively moving parts. The sealing structure at the connection between the heating device and the steam supply device is simple, stable, and less prone to air or water leakage. The specific horizontal and vertical arrangement of the first and second heating pipes in the heating device ensures continuous and sufficient contact between the biomass and the heating pipes during transport, achieving high efficiency. The heat exchange is optimized to improve baking efficiency and ensure uniform heating of biomass, thus enhancing baking quality. During the conveying of biomass within the baking chamber, the baffle components form a baking channel between the two sets, guiding the flow of biomass. This not only directly contacts and heats the biomass but also prevents it from spilling from the edges of the conveyor, maintaining concentrated conveying and thorough heating, further ensuring the baking effect. The conveying speed of the chain plate conveyor is easily adjustable, effectively controlling the material conveying speed of the baking kiln, allowing the material to remain in the kiln for a longer time, ensuring optimal baking results. The biomass is conveyed by a chain plate conveyor with high load-bearing capacity. The outer shell does not contact the biomass, and the shell strength requirement is low, allowing for a smaller shell size, reducing equipment weight and power consumption.

[0014] In some embodiments, the chain conveyor includes:

[0015] There are two first conveyor sprockets; the two first conveyor sprockets are coaxially connected by a first rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is arranged longitudinally.

[0016] There are two second conveyor sprockets; the two second conveyor sprockets are coaxially connected by a second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is arranged longitudinally.

[0017] The conveyor chain has two parts; each conveyor chain is positioned between the first and second conveyor sprockets on the same side.

[0018] Synchronous shafts are arranged longitudinally; two conveyor chains are connected to each end of the synchronous shaft; multiple synchronous shafts are arranged at equal intervals along the conveyor chains.

[0019] A mesh plate is installed between adjacent synchronous shafts, and both ends of the mesh plate are hinged to the adjacent synchronous shafts.

[0020] In the technical solution, the structure is designed with a chain plate conveying device consisting of sprockets, shafts, conveying chains, synchronous shafts, and mesh plates. Multiple synchronous shafts are arranged at equal intervals along the conveying chain and are hinged to the mesh plates. This structure can ensure the stability and reliability of the mesh plates during the conveying process, allowing the mesh plates to convey biomass smoothly, reducing material bumps and slippage during the conveying process, and improving the stability of biomass conveying. On the other hand, the mesh plates have a certain degree of air permeability, allowing hot airflow in the baking chamber to pass through the mesh plates from bottom to top and contact the biomass, thereby improving the heating effect of the biomass.

[0021] In some embodiments, a transmission hole is provided on the housing; a first rotating shaft or a second rotating shaft extends out of the housing through the transmission hole and is provided with a driven sprocket; a driving sprocket is provided on the output shaft of the drive device, and a drive chain is provided between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket so that the drive device drives the first rotating shaft to rotate.

[0022] In this technical solution, the structural design allows the drive unit to be flexibly arranged outside the housing, avoiding the impact of high temperature on the operation of the drive unit. This enables the drive unit to dissipate heat efficiently on the outside, operate stably for a long time, and save space inside the baking chamber while ensuring effective power transmission. On the other hand, the meshing transmission of the sprocket and chain has good synchronization and stability, which can ensure the uniform operation of the chain plate conveyor and avoid the problems of uneven biomass conveying and inconsistent baking results caused by speed fluctuations.

[0023] In some embodiments, the heating device further includes:

[0024] The upper heating support tube is arranged longitudinally and attached to the lower surface of the upper mesh plate;

[0025] The lower heating support tube is arranged longitudinally and attached to the lower surface of the lower mesh plate;

[0026] Multiple upper heating support tubes are spaced apart along the horizontal direction; multiple lower heating support tubes are spaced apart along the horizontal direction.

[0027] In this technical solution, the structural design involves attaching the upper and lower heating support pipes to the lower surfaces of the upper and lower mesh plates of the chain conveyor, respectively. This allows heat to be applied from bottom to top to the bottom of the biomass, forming a comprehensive heating enclosure with the upper heating device. This further improves the uniformity and efficiency of roasting, effectively reduces the moisture content of the biomass, and improves its physicochemical properties. On the other hand, the upper and lower heating support pipes can effectively support the chain through the mesh plates, preventing the mesh plates from shifting downwards with the chain under load, maintaining stable biomass transport, and simultaneously maintaining sliding contact between the first heating pipe and the mesh plate, preventing gaps between the mesh plate and the first heating pipe that could cause biomass to escape from both sides.

[0028] In some embodiments, the heating device further includes:

[0029] The middle heating element is arranged horizontally and located between the upper and lower mesh plates; there are multiple middle heating elements, which together form multiple middle heating layers; the multiple middle heating layers are arranged alternately from top to bottom; the middle heating layers are all arranged horizontally so that the multiple middle heating elements in the middle heating layer are arranged longitudinally.

[0030] In the technical solution, the structural design makes full use of the equipment space, realizing bottom-up heating of the biomass bottom, forming a full-range heating enclosure with the upper heating device, which further improves the uniformity and efficiency of baking; on the other hand, the middle heating tubes are arranged in layers to form a longitudinal airflow channel, ensuring the airflow in the baking chamber, so that the heat emitted by the middle heating tubes can also be transferred to the biomass through other means, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of baking.

[0031] In some embodiments, the heating device further includes:

[0032] The lower heating tubes are arranged horizontally and located below the chain conveyor. There are multiple lower heating tubes, which together form multiple lower heating layers. The multiple lower heating layers are arranged longitudinally at intervals. All lower heating layers are arranged vertically so that the multiple lower heating tubes in the lower heating layers are arranged vertically in sequence.

[0033] In this technical solution, the structural design provides comprehensive heating to the bottom of the biomass, working in conjunction with the upper and middle heating devices to form an all-around heating system. This further improves the roasting effect and efficiency, effectively enhancing the energy density and quality of the biomass. On the other hand, the lower heating tubes are arranged in a vertical row, creating a channel for heat to rise between adjacent lower heating layers, accelerating the transfer of heat to the upper biomass and ensuring efficient heating of the biomass.

[0034] In some embodiments, the side guard assembly is divided into an upper side guard, a middle side guard, and a lower side guard from top to bottom; the upper side guard and the lower side guard are both perpendicular to the upper surface of the chain conveyor; the middle side guard is inclined relative to the upper surface of the chain conveyor.

[0035] The distance between the upper edge portions of the two sets of edge-stopping assemblies is A, and the distance between the lower edge portions of the two sets of edge-stopping assemblies is B, where A is greater than B.

[0036] In the technical solution, the structure is designed so that the two sets of side guard components are spaced at different heights, which helps to guide the biomass to concentrate on the upper surface of the chain conveyor, thereby enabling efficient transport within the baking channel. During the transport process, the biomass can be rolled and loosened to a certain extent in the longitudinal direction, increasing the contact with the heating tube and improving baking efficiency and quality.

[0037] In some embodiments, the heating device further includes:

[0038] Edge heating tubes are arranged horizontally and attached to the inner wall of the baking chamber; multiple edge heating tubes are arranged from top to bottom on both sides of the chain conveyor; multiple edge heating tubes are arranged longitudinally on both the upper and lower sides of the chain conveyor.

[0039] In the technical solution, the structural design heats the edge area inside the baking chamber and provides a certain degree of heat insulation, surrounding the biomass in a thermal environment. This compensates for the insufficient heat in the area below and around the chain conveyor, further improving the uniformity and overall effect of baking.

[0040] In some embodiments, adjacent first heating tubes in the edge-blocking assembly are fixedly connected by fins; and vertically adjacent second heating tubes are fixedly connected to each other.

[0041] The first heating pipe and the second heating pipe at the top of the edge assembly are both connected to the edge heating pipe at the top of the baking chamber via a hoisting device.

[0042] In the technical solution, the structural design enhances the overall stability and rigidity of the heating device, improves the reliability of the equipment during operation, and extends the service life of the equipment. On the other hand, the fixed installation method by hoisting reduces the obstruction to biomass during transportation compared to using a support frame, and the heating tubes have a certain amount of room to move, reducing the impact of thermal expansion. The fins between adjacent first heating tubes increase the heat exchange area and improve heating efficiency.

[0043] In some embodiments, a steam inlet pipe and a steam outlet pipe are respectively provided at both ends of the housing;

[0044] The steam inlet pipe is connected to the heating device and is used to connect to the output port of the steam supply device, so as to send the steam output by the steam supply device into the pipeline of the heating device; the steam outlet pipe is connected to the heating device and is used to connect to the return port of the steam supply device, so as to send the steam flowing through the pipeline of the heating device back to the steam supply device.

[0045] The feed inlet and steam input pipe are located at the same end of the shell; the discharge outlet and steam output pipe are located at the same end of the shell.

[0046] In the technical solution, the structure is designed to form a complete steam circulation system, which can promptly send the steam output from the steam supply device into the heating device and recover the steam after it flows through the heating device, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of steam and reducing energy consumption. On the other hand, it enables the feeding and discharging of biomass to be coordinated with the input and output of steam, so that the biomass can be rapidly heated and fully heated at a higher temperature after entering the shell, thus completing the roasting of biomass more efficiently.

[0047] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0048] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the lateral structure of a biomass roasting kiln with the heating device hidden behind it, according to an embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal sectional view of a biomass roasting kiln according to an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a partial enlarged view of the chain conveyor in a biomass roasting kiln according to an embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the upper mesh plate of a biomass baking kiln carrying biomass according to an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the heating device above the chain conveyor in a biomass baking kiln according to an embodiment of this application.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 1. Shell; 101. Baking chamber; 102. Feed inlet; 103. Discharge outlet; 104. Steam input pipe; 105. Steam output pipe;

[0056] 2. Chain conveyor device; 201. First conveyor sprocket; 202. Second conveyor sprocket; 203. Conveyor chain; 204. Synchronous shaft; 205. Mesh plate;

[0057] 301, First heating tube; 301A, Side baffle assembly; 301A-1, Upper side baffle; 301A-2, Middle side baffle; 301A-3, Lower side baffle; 302, Second heating tube; 303, Upper heating support tube; 304, Lower heating support tube; 305, Middle layer heating tube; 305A, Middle heating layer; 306, Lower layer heating tube; 306A, Lower heating layer; 307, Edge heating tube; 308, Fin; 309, Lifting component;

[0058] 4. Drive unit; 401. Driven sprocket; 402. Drive sprocket; 403. Drive chain; 5. Biomass; 6. Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0060] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0061] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0062] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0063] Biomass is a type of organic matter that is widely distributed in nature, mainly including various organisms produced by plants through photosynthesis. Among them, fibrous biomass is an important component of biomass, including crop straw (rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, etc.), grain husks (rice husks, wheat husks, etc.), and branches and leaves from forestry residues.

[0064] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown in an illustrative embodiment of the biomass baking kiln of this utility model, the biomass baking kiln includes a shell 1, a chain conveyor 2, and a heating device.

[0065] The shell 1 is equipped with a baking chamber 101. The top and bottom of the shell 1 are respectively provided with a feed inlet 102 and a discharge outlet 103, both of which are connected to the baking chamber 101.

[0066] A chain conveyor 2 is arranged laterally in the baking chamber 101, extending from one end of the baking chamber 101 to the other end. The chain conveyor 2 is connected to a drive unit 4, which drives the chain conveyor 2 to operate, transporting material falling onto its surface from one end to the other. One end of the chain conveyor 2 is located directly above the feed inlet 102, and the other end is located directly above the discharge outlet 103.

[0067] The heating device is located inside the baking chamber 101. A steam supply device (not shown in the attached drawings) is connected to the heating device to supply high-temperature steam into the piping of the heating device. The steam supply device can be a steam boiler, steam generator, or steam accumulator capable of providing high-temperature steam.

[0068] The biomass 5 to be roasted is fed into the roasting chamber 101 through the feed inlet 102 and falls onto the upper surface of one end of the chain conveyor 2. The chain conveyor 2 transports the biomass from one end to the other. A steam supply device sends high-temperature steam into the heating device, where the high-temperature steam exchanges heat and transfers heat to the biomass in the roasting chamber 101, thus achieving the heating and roasting of the biomass. After the biomass has been heated and roasted, it moves to the other end of the chain conveyor 2, and then falls through the chain conveyor 2 into the discharge outlet 103 to be discharged from the shell 1.

[0069] The heating device includes a first heating tube 301 and a second heating tube 302. Both the first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302 are connected to a steam supply device via pipelines, allowing high-temperature steam to enter them. The first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302 are positioned above the chain conveyor 2, enabling them to contact the biomass falling onto the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2 and efficiently transfer heat to the biomass for heating and roasting. The first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302 are arranged laterally, aligning with the direction of biomass movement. The high-temperature steam in the first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302 continuously transfers heat to the moving biomass. Multiple first heating tubes 301 are arranged vertically in a continuous sequence, forming a sidewall assembly 301A. Two sets of edge-blocking assemblies 301A are arranged longitudinally, forming a baking channel between them. A second heating tube 302 is positioned between the two sets of edge-blocking assemblies 301A within the baking channel. Multiple second heating tubes 302 are arranged vertically to increase the contact area between the second heating tubes 302 and the biomass. The first heating tube 301 at the bottom of the edge-blocking assembly 301A is attached to the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2, allowing it to slide against the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2 during operation, thus preventing gaps between the bottom of the edge-blocking assembly 301A and the chain conveyor 2.

[0070] As the biomass moves along the baking channel on the chain conveyor 2, the side guard assembly 301A blocks the longitudinal movement of the biomass, preventing it from falling off the edges of the chain conveyor 2 and concentrating it within the baking channel. This maintains contact between the biomass and the first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302, ensuring continuous heating and baking during the biomass' movement. The second heating tube 302 is positioned laterally within the baking channel, in the same direction as the biomass' movement, thus not obstructing its movement.

[0071] This structural design applies a horizontally conveying chain conveyor 2 to a biomass roasting kiln. The chain conveyor 2 smoothly transports biomass from the inlet 102 to the outlet 103. During the transport of biomass along the chain conveyor 2 within the roasting chamber 101, it is heated and roasted using high-temperature steam circulating in the heating device. The equipment has no rotating parts; the heating device remains fixed and can be connected to the steam supply device via a pipe extending outside the shell 1. There is no need for sealing between relatively moving parts. The sealing structure at the connection between the heating device and the steam supply device is simple, stable, and less prone to air or water leakage. The first heating pipe 301 and the second heating pipe 302 in the heating device are arranged horizontally and vertically, ensuring continuous and sufficient contact between the biomass and the heating pipes during transport, as well as a larger contact area between the biomass and both heating pipes. This achieves efficient heat exchange, thereby improving roasting efficiency, ensuring uniform heating of the biomass, and enhancing roasting quality. During the conveying of biomass within the baking chamber 101, the baffle assembly 301A, positioned between the two sets, forms a baking channel, guiding the flow direction of the biomass. Not only can the first heating tubes 301 within the baffle assembly 301A directly contact and heat the biomass, but it also prevents the biomass from spilling from the edges of the conveying device, maintaining concentrated conveying and thorough heating, further ensuring the baking effect. The conveying speed of the chain conveyor 2 is easily adjustable, thus facilitating the adjustment of the biomass' movement time within the baking chamber 101. While maintaining uniform biomass movement, it allows the biomass to remain in the baking kiln for a longer period, ensuring thorough heating and achieving the optimal baking effect. The biomass is conveyed by the chain conveyor 2, which has a high load-bearing capacity. The outer shell does not contact the biomass and does not need to bear loads, requiring less strength. This allows for the use of thinner materials for the outer shell, reducing the overall size and weight of the equipment, and resulting in lower power consumption compared to a rotary drum structure.

[0072] See also in this application. Figures 1 to 5The chain conveyor device 2 includes a first conveyor sprocket 201, a second conveyor sprocket 202, a conveyor chain 203, a synchronous shaft 204, and a mesh plate 205. Two of each of the first, second, and conveyor chains are provided. The two first conveyor sprockets 201 are respectively located on both sides and coaxially connected by a longitudinally arranged first shaft. The two second conveyor sprockets 202 are respectively located on both sides and coaxially connected by a longitudinally arranged second shaft. One conveyor chain 203 connects to the first and second conveyor sprockets 201 on one side, and the other conveyor chain 203 connects to the first and second conveyor sprockets 201 on the other side. The synchronous shaft 204 is arranged longitudinally, with its two ends connected to the two conveyor chains 203 respectively. Multiple synchronous shafts 204 are evenly spaced along the conveyor chain 203. A mesh plate 205 is provided between each adjacent synchronous shaft 204, and both ends of the mesh plate 205 are hinged to the adjacent synchronous shaft 204. The two ends of the first rotating shaft and the two rotating shaft are usually mounted on the bearing seats provided on the inner walls of both sides of the baking chamber.

[0073] The drive unit 4 drives the first conveyor sprocket 201 or the second conveyor sprocket 202 to rotate, which in turn drives the conveyor chain 203, causing the mesh plate 205 to move accordingly. The mesh plate 205 that moves to the upper side of the space between the first conveyor sprocket 201 and the second conveyor sprocket 202 is the upper mesh plate, and the mesh plate 205 that moves to the lower side of the space between the first conveyor sprocket 201 and the second conveyor sprocket 202 is the lower mesh plate. Biomass falls onto the upper surface of the upper mesh plate. As the upper mesh plate moves from the first conveyor sprocket 201 to the second conveyor sprocket 202, the biomass is heated and roasted during the movement, and the roasted biomass is then fed into the discharge port 103.

[0074] The mesh panel 205 is typically a structure with an outer frame and a metal mesh laid in the middle. The mesh panel 205 can also be replaced with a perforated plate with ventilation holes. The mesh holes in the mesh panel 205 allow air to circulate between the spaces on both sides of the mesh panel 205. Furthermore, since biomass is usually fibrous and larger than the mesh holes, it will not pass through the mesh panel 205 and fall downwards, thus maintaining the support of the mesh panel 205 for the biomass.

[0075] The structural design employs a chain-plate conveyor device 2 composed of sprockets, shafts, a conveyor chain 203, synchronous shafts 204, and a mesh plate 205. Multiple synchronous shafts 204 are evenly spaced along the conveyor chain 203 and hinged to the mesh plate 205. This allows the mesh plate 205 to be stably supported by the synchronous shafts 204 and to rotate with the conveyor chain 203. Furthermore, the mesh plate 205 can change its angle according to the direction of the conveyor chain 203, smoothly bypassing the sprockets and shafts at both ends. This ensures stable conveying of biomass, reducing material jolting and slippage during transport and improving the stability of biomass conveying. Additionally, the mesh plate 205's permeability allows heat transferred from the first heating pipe 301 and the second heating pipe 302 into the air inside the baking chamber 101 to flow below the mesh plate 205, then upwards through the mesh plate 205 to contact the biomass. This bottom-up heating of the biomass during transport ensures more comprehensive heating and improves the roasting effect.

[0076] See also in this application. Figure 1 The housing 1 has a transmission hole. One end of the first rotating shaft or one end of the second rotating shaft extends out of the housing 1 through the transmission hole, and a driven sprocket 401 is provided outside the housing 1. The drive device 4 can be a device capable of outputting rotational power, such as an electric motor or an internal combustion engine. A drive sprocket 402 is provided on the output shaft of the drive device 4, and a drive chain 403 is provided between the drive sprocket 402 and the driven sprocket 401. The drive device 4 drives the drive sprocket 402 to rotate through its output shaft, thereby driving the driven sprocket 401 to rotate through the drive chain 403, causing the first rotating shaft or the second rotating shaft to rotate, thus driving the rotation of the first conveyor sprocket 201 or the second conveyor sprocket 202.

[0077] This structural design allows the drive unit 4 to be flexibly arranged outside the housing 1. This not only avoids the drive unit 4 being exposed to the high-temperature environment inside the housing 1, but also facilitates heat dissipation, preventing the effects of high temperatures on the drive unit 4. This ensures stable operation of the drive unit 4 over extended periods, guaranteeing effective power transmission. Furthermore, it avoids the drive unit 4 occupying space inside the baking chamber 101, minimizing the external dimensions of the housing 1 and reducing the space required for the equipment. In addition, the meshing transmission of the sprocket and chain has good synchronization and stability, ensuring the uniform speed operation of the chain conveyor 2 and avoiding uneven biomass conveying and inconsistent baking results caused by speed fluctuations.

[0078] See also in this application. Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The heating device further includes an upper heating support pipe 303 and a lower heating support pipe 304. Both the upper heating support pipe 303 and the lower heating support pipe 304 are connected to a steam supply device via pipelines, allowing high-temperature steam to enter them. Both the upper heating support pipe 303 and the lower heating support pipe 304 are arranged longitudinally, perpendicular to the biomass conveying direction. The upper heating support pipe 303 is attached to the lower surface of the upper mesh plate, thus supporting the upper mesh plate from top to bottom. The lower heating support pipe 304 is attached to the lower surface of the lower mesh plate, thus supporting the lower mesh plate from top to bottom. Multiple upper heating support pipes 303 and lower heating support pipes 304 are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction, so that multiple upper heating support pipes 303 and lower heating support pipes 304 are arranged along the biomass conveying direction, which fully supports the upper and lower mesh plates in length, and prevents the conveying chain 203 between the conveying sprockets from sagging and keeps it horizontal.

[0079] This structural design involves attaching the upper heating support pipe 303 and the lower heating support pipe 304 to the lower surfaces of the upper and lower mesh plates of the chain conveyor 2, respectively. This ensures that there is a heat source below the biomass during transport. The upper heating support pipe 303 and the lower heating support pipe 304 allow heat to be applied to the bottom of the biomass from bottom to top, forming a comprehensive heating enclosure with the upper heating device. This further improves the uniformity and efficiency of baking, effectively reduces the moisture content of the biomass, and improves its physicochemical properties. In addition, the upper and lower heating support pipes can effectively support the conveying chain 203 through the mesh plate 205. The surfaces of the upper and lower heating support pipes are smooth, and the mesh plate 205 slides smoothly on them, preventing the conveying chain 203 from sagging under the pressure of biomass. This keeps the conveying chain 203 between the conveying sprockets horizontal, thus ensuring stable conveying of biomass. At the same time, it maintains sliding contact between the first heating pipe 301 at the bottom of the side guard assembly 301A and the upper mesh plate 205, preventing gaps between them from causing biomass to fall out. This also ensures that the side guard assembly 301A effectively blocks the longitudinal movement of biomass.

[0080] See also in this application. Figure 2The heating device further includes a middle heating pipe 305. The middle heating pipe 305 is connected to a steam supply device via a pipeline, allowing high-temperature steam to enter it. The middle heating pipe 305 is arranged laterally, extending from one end of the chain conveyor 2 to the other. It is located in the space between the upper and lower mesh plates 205, providing a heat source below the transported biomass. Multiple middle heating pipes 305 are present, forming multiple middle heating layers 305A. These layers are spaced apart from top to bottom. All layers are horizontally arranged, and the multiple heating pipes 305 within each layer are arranged longitudinally. A longitudinal airflow channel is formed between adjacent middle heating layers 305A, between the middle heating layer 305A and the upper mesh plate 205, and between the middle heating layer 305A and the lower mesh plate 205 to allow air circulation in the baking chamber 101.

[0081] This structural design fully utilizes the space between the upper and lower mesh plates 205 to house the heat source, achieving bottom-up heating of the biomass and forming a comprehensive heating enclosure with the upper heating device, further improving the uniformity and efficiency of baking. Furthermore, the multiple longitudinal airflow channels separated by the middle heating layer 305A increase air circulation on both sides of the chain conveyor 2, allowing the heat from the middle heating pipe 305 to diffuse to other spaces in the baking chamber 101. Heat emitted by the upper heating device can also enter the area below the biomass through these airflow channels, improving the uniformity and efficiency of baking and ensuring thorough heating of the biomass from multiple directions.

[0082] See also in this application. Figure 2 The heating device further includes a lower heating pipe 306. The lower heating pipe 306 is connected to a steam supply device via a pipeline, allowing high-temperature steam to enter it. The lower heating pipe 306 is arranged laterally, extending from one end of the chain conveyor 2 to the other. Located below the chain conveyor 2, the lower heating pipe 306 provides a heat source below the transported biomass. Multiple lower heating pipes 306 are present, forming multiple lower heating layers 306A. These lower heating layers 306A are arranged longitudinally at intervals. Each lower heating layer 306A is vertically arranged, with multiple lower heating pipes 306 arranged vertically in sequence, forming vertical airflow channels between adjacent lower heating layers 306A, allowing the heated air to flow upwards.

[0083] This structural design fully utilizes the space beneath the chain conveyor 2 to house the heat source, providing comprehensive heating of the biomass from bottom to top. Working in conjunction with the upper and middle heating devices, it forms a holistic heating system, further improving roasting results and efficiency, and effectively enhancing the energy density and quality of the biomass. Furthermore, the lower heating pipes 306 are arranged longitudinally, creating upward heat channels between adjacent lower heating layers 306A, accelerating heat transfer to the upper biomass and ensuring highly efficient heating.

[0084] See also in this application. Figure 4 The side guard assembly 301A is divided into an upper side guard 301A-1, a middle side guard 301A-2, and a lower side guard 301A-3 from top to bottom. Both the upper side guard 301A-1 and the lower side guard 301A-3 are perpendicular to the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2. The middle side guard 301A-2 is inclined relative to the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2. The distance between the upper side guards 301A-1 of the two sets of side guard assemblies 301A is A, and the distance between the lower side guards 301A-3 of the two sets of side guard assemblies 301A is B, where A is greater than B.

[0085] This structural design results in a wider gap at the top and a narrower gap at the bottom between the two sets of baffle assemblies 301A. When the biomass is fed down into the chain conveyor 2, it is guided to gather towards the center of the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2, ensuring that the upper surface of the chain conveyor 2 is fully covered with biomass, thus efficiently transporting biomass within the baking channel. Furthermore, as the biomass slides down along the baffle assembly, a certain degree of longitudinal movement allows it to tumble longitudinally, ensuring that more biomass tumbles to the outside and contacts the first heating tube 301, improving the efficiency and quality of biomass heating and baking.

[0086] In some of these embodiments, see Figure 2 and Figure 5 The heating device further includes edge heating pipes 307. The edge heating pipes 307 are connected to a steam supply device via pipes, allowing high-temperature steam to enter them. The edge heating pipes 307 are arranged laterally, extending from one end of the chain conveyor 2 to the other. The edge heating pipes 307 are attached to the inner wall of the baking chamber 101. Multiple edge heating pipes 307 are arranged from top to bottom on both the left and right sides of the chain conveyor 2, and multiple edge heating pipes 307 are arranged longitudinally on both the upper and lower sides of the chain conveyor 2, so that multiple edge heating pipes 307 are arranged around the periphery of the chain conveyor 2.

[0087] This structural design uses edge heating pipes 307 to heat the edge areas within the baking chamber 101, enveloping the transported biomass in a thermal environment. In the absence of middle heating pipes 305 and lower heating pipes 306, this compensates for insufficient heat in the area below and around the chain conveyor 2, further improving baking uniformity and overall results. Additionally, the heat from the edge heating pipes 307 creates a high-temperature zone at the edge, forming heat stratification and preventing heat from diffusing outwards from the center of the baking chamber 101, thus providing a degree of insulation. To further enhance insulation, an insulation layer 6 can be applied to the outside of the shell 1.

[0088] See also in this application. Figure 4 In the edge-blocking assembly 301A, adjacent first heating tubes 301 are fixedly connected by fins 308. Vertically adjacent second heating tubes 302 are fixedly connected, and the connection between the second heating tubes 302 can be made using connectors or fins 308. The first heating tube 301 and the second heating tube 302 at the top of the edge-blocking assembly 301A are both connected to the edge heating tube 307 at the top of the baking chamber 101 via lifting components 309.

[0089] This structural design, through the connection between the first heating tubes 301 and the second heating tubes 302, enhances the overall stability and rigidity of the heating device, improves the reliability of the equipment during operation, and extends its service life. Furthermore, the hoisting installation method reduces obstruction to biomass during transport compared to using a support frame, and allows the heating tubes some vertical movement space, reducing the impact of thermal expansion. The fins 308 between adjacent first heating tubes 301 increase the heat exchange area, improving heating efficiency.

[0090] See also in this application. Figure 1 The housing 1 has a steam inlet pipe 104 and a steam outlet pipe 105 at its two ends. One end of the steam inlet pipe 104 extends out of the housing 1, and the other end extends into the baking chamber 101. The steam outlet pipe 105 is configured in the same way as the steam inlet pipe 104.

[0091] Steam inlet pipe 104 is connected to the heating device and the output port of the steam supply device, thereby sending the steam output from the steam supply device into each heating tube of the heating device. Steam outlet pipe 105 is connected to the heating device and the return port of the steam supply device, thereby sending the steam flowing through each heating tube of the heating device back to the steam supply device for reheating and reuse.

[0092] The feed inlet 102 and steam input pipe 104 are located at the same end of the shell 1, and the discharge outlet 103 and steam output pipe 105 are located at the same end of the shell 1, so that the biomass entering the shell 1 first contacts the part of the heating pipe with the highest temperature. Since most of the heating pipes in the heating device are arranged horizontally, one end of the heating pipe can be connected to the steam input pipe 104 nearby through a pipeline, and the other end of the heating pipe can be connected to the steam output pipe 105 nearby. Both ends of the longitudinally arranged heating pipes are connected to the horizontally arranged branch pipes, and the two ends of the branch pipes are connected to the steam input pipe 104 and the steam output pipe 105 nearby, respectively. Since the steam input pipe 104 and the steam output pipe 105 are fixed to the shell 1, and each heating pipe in the heating device is connected to them through pipelines, the steam input pipe 104 and the steam output pipe 105 fix and support each heating pipe of the heating device through the pipelines, thus fixing it in place in the baking chamber.

[0093] This structural design forms a complete steam circulation system, which can promptly send steam output from the steam supply device to the heating device and recover the steam after it flows through the heating device, thereby improving steam utilization efficiency and reducing energy consumption. In addition, it coordinates the feeding and discharging of biomass with the input and output of steam, allowing the biomass to be rapidly heated and fully heated at a higher temperature after entering the shell 1, thus completing the roasting of biomass more efficiently.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0095] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solution claimed by this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass torrefaction kiln characterized by, include: The shell has a baking chamber inside; the top and bottom of the shell are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are both connected to the baking chamber; A chain conveyor is laterally arranged in the baking chamber, extending from one end of the baking chamber to the other end; the chain conveyor is connected to a drive unit; one end of the chain conveyor is located directly above the feed inlet, used to carry the biomass fed through the feed inlet and, driven by the drive unit, convey it to the other end of the chain conveyor; the other end of the chain conveyor is located directly above the discharge outlet, used to allow the chain conveyor to feed the biomass downwards into the feed inlet. A heating device, installed inside the baking chamber, is connected to a steam supply device for heating the baking chamber; the heating device includes: The first heating tube is arranged horizontally above the chain plate conveyor; multiple first heating tubes are arranged vertically in a continuous manner to form a side guard assembly. The second heating tube is arranged horizontally above the chain conveyor; multiple second heating tubes are arranged vertically. The edge guard assembly has two sets, which are arranged longitudinally to form a baking channel between the two sets of edge guard assemblies; the first heating tube at the bottom end of the edge guard assembly is attached to the upper surface of the chain plate conveyor for sliding contact with it; the second heating tube is disposed between the two sets of edge guard assemblies.

2. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 1, wherein, The chain conveyor includes: The first conveyor sprocket has two parts; the two first conveyor sprockets are coaxially connected by a first rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is arranged longitudinally. The second conveyor sprocket has two parts; the two second conveyor sprockets are coaxially connected by a second rotating shaft; the first rotating shaft is arranged longitudinally. The conveyor chain has two components; each conveyor chain is disposed between the first conveyor sprocket and the second conveyor sprocket on the same side; A synchronous shaft is arranged longitudinally; two conveyor chains are respectively connected to each end of the synchronous shaft; multiple synchronous shafts are arranged at equal intervals along the conveyor chains; A mesh plate is provided between each adjacent synchronous shaft, and both ends of the mesh plate are hinged to the adjacent synchronous shaft.

3. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 2, wherein, The housing has a transmission hole; the first or second rotating shaft extends out of the housing through the transmission hole and is provided with a driven sprocket; the output shaft of the drive device is provided with a driving sprocket, and a drive chain is provided between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket so that the drive device drives the first rotating shaft to rotate.

4. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 2, wherein, The heating device further includes: An upper heating support tube is arranged longitudinally and attached to the lower surface of the upper mesh plate; The lower heating support tube is arranged longitudinally and attached to the lower surface of the lower mesh plate; Multiple upper heating support tubes are arranged at intervals along the lateral direction; multiple lower heating support tubes are arranged at intervals along the lateral direction.

5. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 2, wherein, The heating device further includes: The middle layer heating pipe is arranged in the transverse direction and is located between the upper mesh plate and the lower mesh plate. The middle layer heating pipe has a plurality of middle layer heating pipes, and the plurality of middle layer heating pipes form a plurality of middle heating layers. The plurality of middle heating layers are arranged in sequence and are spaced apart from top to bottom. The middle heating layers are horizontally arranged, so that the plurality of middle layer heating pipes in the middle heating layers are arranged in sequence in the longitudinal direction.

6. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 2, wherein, The heating device further comprises: The lower layer heating pipe is arranged in the transverse direction and is located below the chain plate conveying device. The lower layer heating pipe has a plurality of lower layer heating pipes, and the plurality of lower layer heating pipes form a plurality of lower heating layers. The plurality of lower heating layers are arranged in sequence and are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction. The lower heating layers are vertically arranged, so that the plurality of lower layer heating pipes in the lower heating layers are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction.

7. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 1, wherein, The edge heating pipe is arranged in the transverse direction and is attached to the inner wall of the baking cabin. The edge heating pipe is arranged in multiple on the left and right sides of the chain plate conveying device from top to bottom. The edge heating pipe is arranged in multiple in the longitudinal direction on the upper and lower sides of the chain plate conveying device. The first heating pipe and the second heating pipe in the edge limiting assembly are fixedly connected through fins; the vertically adjacent second heating pipes are fixedly connected; 8. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 1, wherein, The first heating pipe at the top end of the edge limiting assembly and the second heating pipe at the top end are connected to the edge heating pipe at the top of the baking cabin through a lifting piece. The steam input pipe and the steam output pipe are arranged at two ends of the shell respectively; 9. The biomass torrefaction kiln of claim 8, wherein, The steam input pipe is connected to the heating device and is used to connect the output port of the steam supply device, so as to send the steam output by the steam supply device into the pipeline of the heating device; The steam output pipe is connected to the heating device and is used to connect the recovery port of the steam supply device, so as to send the steam flowing through the pipeline in the heating device back to the steam supply device; 10. The biomass torrefaction kiln according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The feeding port and the steam input pipe are located at the same end of the shell; the discharging port and the steam output pipe are located at the same end of the shell. ​ ​ ​

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