Laser radar
The high-precision angle alignment of the lidar is achieved by using a split upper and lower optical path assembly, which solves the problem of manual calibration of optical path assemblies in the existing technology, improves assembly efficiency and optical path stability, and ensures a more stable and accurate propagation path for the laser beam.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing lidar, the laser emission and reception channels of the optical path components require manual calibration, which is difficult to assemble, and the optical path is easily affected by external factors, resulting in poor stability.
The optical path assembly adopts a split design, dividing the laser emission channel and the receiving channel into first and second optical path assemblies, and achieving precise docking inside the upper cover. The limiting structure and screw connection ensure angular alignment without the need for manual calibration.
This improves the assembly efficiency and optical path stability of lidar, reduces assembly errors, and enhances measurement accuracy and overall performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224081805U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of lidar, specifically to a lidar. Background Technology
[0002] LiDAR, as an important sensing device, is widely used in robotics, autonomous driving, surveying, and other fields. Its core components include optical path components and a top cover. The optical path components are responsible for laser emission and reception, while the top cover protects and secures them. The optical path components typically include a laser emission channel and a laser reception channel. In existing technologies, the laser emission and reception channels of the optical path components usually require an assembly process involving channel angle calibration, which is difficult and affects the assembly efficiency of the LiDAR. The channel angle calibration assembly process requires manual calibration, which is prone to assembly errors. Furthermore, the structure of the optical path components, which separates the laser emission and reception paths, makes them susceptible to optical path misalignment during LiDAR use due to external factors such as vibration or temperature changes, affecting the stability of the LiDAR's optical path. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a lidar, the specific technical solution of which is as follows:
[0004] A lidar includes: a top cover, on which a first optical path component is assembled, and a laser opening is provided on the side, the laser opening extending into the top cover and connecting to the first optical path component; and a base on which a second optical path component is assembled; wherein, when the top cover is closed on the base, the first optical path component and the second optical path component are combined to form a laser emission channel and a laser receiving channel.
[0005] Furthermore, the first optical path assembly includes a first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and a first arch-shaped laser receiving channel; the second optical path assembly includes a second arch-shaped laser emitting channel and a second arch-shaped laser receiving channel; when the upper cover is closed on the base, the first optical path assembly and the second optical path assembly are assembled together, wherein the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel are assembled together to form a cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel are assembled together to form a cylindrical laser receiving channel.
[0006] Furthermore, the first optical path assembly further includes: a first L-shaped groove on one side of the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel; a limiting protrusion at the abutment position between the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel; and a second L-shaped groove on one side of the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel. The second optical path assembly further includes: a receiving groove between the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel; a third L-shaped groove on one side of the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel; and a fourth L-shaped groove on one side of the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel. When the first optical path assembly and the second optical path assembly are assembled together, the first L-shaped groove and the third L-shaped groove are engaged, the limiting protrusion is engaged with the receiving groove, and the second L-shaped groove and the fourth L-shaped groove are engaged, such that the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel are engaged and assembled into a cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel are engaged and assembled into a cylindrical laser receiving channel.
[0007] Furthermore, the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel are integrally formed to constitute a first optical path assembly; the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel are integrally formed to constitute a second optical path assembly.
[0008] Furthermore, the upper cover is integrally formed with the first optical path component; the base is integrally formed with the second optical path component.
[0009] Furthermore, the first optical path component is provided with a protruding buckle; the upper cover is provided with a first optical path component mounting seat for mounting the first optical path component; wherein, the first optical path component mounting seat is provided with a mounting enclosure for defining the mounting area of the first optical path component; the mounting enclosure is provided with mounting slots, so that the protruding buckle of the first optical path component is engaged with the mounting slots on the mounting enclosure.
[0010] Furthermore, a first screw hole is provided on one side of the first optical path component, and a first screw post is provided on one side of the first optical path component mounting base. The first optical path component and the first optical path component mounting base are assembled and connected based on the first screw hole and the first screw post.
[0011] Furthermore, the upper cover has a second screw hole inside, and the base has a second screw post. The upper cover and the base are assembled and connected based on the second screw hole and the second screw post, so that when the upper cover is assembled on the base, the first optical path component and the second optical path component are combined to form a laser emission channel and a laser receiving channel.
[0012] Furthermore, the laser aperture includes a laser emitting aperture and a laser receiving aperture; wherein the laser emitting aperture is connected to a first arch-shaped laser emitting channel, and the laser receiving aperture is connected to a first arch-shaped laser receiving channel.
[0013] Furthermore, both the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel have multiple protruding structures on their inner walls, and the protruding structures are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel.
[0014] The lidar described in this application separates its optical path components into a first optical path component and a second optical path component. The laser emitting channel and laser receiving channel are designed as separate upper and lower optical path components. This split design allows the first optical path component to connect to the laser opening within the upper cover. When the upper cover is closed with the base, the second optical path component, constrained by the positioning of the first optical path component, can achieve precise alignment with the laser opening. This split design of the optical path components enables high-precision angular alignment of the laser emitting and receiving channels without the need for manual calibration, significantly improving the assembly efficiency of the lidar and further enhancing its overall performance and optical path stability. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lidar according to one embodiment of this application.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover according to one embodiment of this application.
[0017] Explanation of the numbers in the image:
[0018] 1-Top cover; 2-First optical path assembly; 21-First arch-shaped laser emitting channel; 22-First arch-shaped laser receiving channel; 23-Protruding buckle; 24-Limiting protrusion; 25-First L-shaped groove; 26-Second L-shaped groove; 3-Laser opening; 31-Laser emitting hole; 32-Laser receiving hole; 4-Second optical path assembly; 41-Second arch-shaped laser emitting channel; 42-Second arch-shaped laser receiving channel; 43-Accommodation groove; 44-Fourth L-shaped groove; 45-Third L-shaped groove; 5-Base; 61-First screw hole; 62-First screw post; 71-Second screw hole; 72-Second screw post; 8-Mounting enclosure; 81-Mounting slot. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0020] To address the issue that the transmitting and receiving channels in the optical path components of lidar require manual calibration, leading to assembly errors and easily affecting optical path stability, this application provides a lidar, specifically, as follows: Figure 1As shown, the lidar includes: an upper cover 1, internally fitted with a first optical path component 2, and a laser opening 3 on the side, extending into the upper cover 1 and connecting to the first optical path component 2; and a base 5, on which a second optical path component 4 is fitted. When the upper cover 1 is closed onto the base 5, the first optical path component 2 and the second optical path component 4 are combined to form a laser emission channel and a laser receiving channel. This embodiment separates the optical path components into a first optical path component and a second optical path component, and designs the laser emission channel and laser receiving channel as separate components. The first optical path component is connected to the laser opening inside the upper cover, so that when the upper cover and base are closed, the second optical path component, constrained by the positioning of the first optical path component, can achieve precise alignment with the laser opening. The separate design of the optical path components in this application achieves high-precision angular alignment of the laser emission channel and the laser receiving channel, eliminating the need for manual calibration, thereby significantly improving the assembly efficiency of the lidar and further enhancing its overall performance and optical path stability.
[0021] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first optical path component 2 includes a first arched laser emitting channel 21 and a first arched laser receiving channel 22; the second optical path component 4 includes a second arched laser emitting channel 41 and a second arched laser receiving channel 42. When the upper cover is closed on the base, the first optical path component 2 and the second optical path component 4 are assembled together, wherein the first arched laser emitting channel 21 and the second arched laser emitting channel 41 are assembled together to form a cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first arched laser receiving channel 22 and the second arched laser receiving channel 42 are assembled together to form a cylindrical laser receiving channel. Specifically, this embodiment, through the arched channel structure, enables precise alignment when the first optical path component and the second optical path component are assembled together, and the laser emitting channel and the laser receiving channel can form a complete cylindrical structure after assembly, ensuring a more stable and accurate propagation path for the laser beam. The first and second optical path components are respectively equipped with partial laser emission channels and partial laser receiving channels, so that the angle between the laser emission channels and the laser receiving channels is fixed and no manual calibration is required. This design effectively reduces the errors that may occur during the assembly of the optical path components and improves the measurement accuracy and stability of the lidar.
[0022] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the first optical path assembly further includes: a first L-shaped groove 25 provided on one side of the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel; a limiting protrusion 24 provided at the abutment position between the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel; and a second L-shaped groove 26 provided on one side of the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel. The second optical path assembly further includes: a receiving groove 43 provided between the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel; and a third L-shaped groove 45 provided on one side of the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel. A fourth L-shaped groove 44 is provided on one side of the receiving channel. When the first optical path assembly and the second optical path assembly are fitted together, the first L-shaped groove 25 engages with the third L-shaped groove 45, the limiting protrusion 24 engages with the receiving groove 43, and the second L-shaped groove 26 engages with the fourth L-shaped groove 44. This results in the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel 21 and the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel 41 being fitted together to form a cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel being fitted together to form a cylindrical laser receiving channel. This embodiment limits the assembly of the first and second optical path assemblies in the first optical path assembly to a combination of upper and lower L-shaped grooves, along with the limiting protrusion and the receiving groove. This limits the precise docking of the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel and the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel, and simultaneously limits the precise docking of the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser emitting channel.
[0023] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first arched laser emitting channel 21 and the first arched laser receiving channel 22 are integrally formed to constitute the first optical path assembly 2; the second arched laser emitting channel 41 and the second arched laser receiving channel 42 are integrally formed to constitute the second optical path assembly 4. This embodiment reduces the number of parts in the optical path assembly by using an integrally formed structure for both the first and second optical path assemblies, avoiding alignment errors that may occur during the assembly of multiple parts. This ensures that the relative position and angle between the laser emitting channel and the laser receiving channel are precisely controlled during manufacturing, thereby improving the accuracy and consistency of the optical path assembly and ensuring a more stable and accurate propagation path for the laser beam.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the upper cover 1 is integrally formed with the first optical path component 2; the base 5 is integrally formed with the second optical path component 4. This embodiment, by integrally forming the upper cover and the first optical path component, and simultaneously integrally forming the base and the second optical path component, assemblies can be achieved simply by combining the upper cover and the base. This reduces the number of parts and assembly steps required for the upper cover, base, and optical path components of the lidar, thereby lowering the manufacturing and assembly costs of the lidar. Furthermore, the integral forming process typically has higher material utilization and production efficiency, further reducing the overall manufacturing cost.
[0025] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first optical path component 2 is provided with a protruding buckle 23; the upper cover 1 is provided with a first optical path component mounting seat for mounting the first optical path component; wherein, the first optical path component mounting seat is provided with a mounting enclosure 8 for defining the mounting area of the first optical path component; the mounting enclosure 8 is provided with mounting slots 81, so that the protruding buckle 23 of the first optical path component 2 is engaged with the mounting slots 81 on the mounting enclosure 8. This embodiment, by providing a first optical path component mounting seat inside the upper cover, limits the assembly of the first optical path component inside the mounting enclosure 8, and uses a buckle and slot cooperation method, so that workers can quickly and securely assemble two workpieces during the production of lidar assembly line by using the mounting slots and protruding buckles and other foolproof structures.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a first screw hole 61 is provided on one side of the first optical path component 2, and a first screw post 62 is provided on one side of the first optical path component mounting base. The first optical path component and the first optical path component mounting base are assembled and connected based on the first screw hole 61 and the first screw post 62. This embodiment uses a connection method in which the first screw post and the first screw hole cooperate to realize the assembly and connection of the first optical path component and the first optical path component mounting base. This assembly method has the advantages of simple assembly, stable connection, easy disassembly, low assembly cost, and high assembly accuracy.
[0027] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the upper cover 1 has a second screw hole 71 inside, and the base 5 has a second screw post 72. The upper cover 1 and the base 5 are assembled and connected based on the second screw hole 71 and the second screw post 72, so that when the upper cover is assembled on the base, the first optical path component 2 and the second optical path component 4 are combined to form a laser emission channel and a laser receiving channel. In this embodiment, the limiting effect of the second screw post is used to limit the upper cover to be assembled on the base based on the second screw hole, so that the first optical path component inside the upper cover and the second optical path component on the base can be precisely connected to complete the assembly of the closed cylindrical laser emission / reception channel.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the laser aperture 3 includes a laser emitting aperture 31 and a laser receiving aperture 32; wherein, the laser emitting aperture 31 is connected to the first arch-shaped laser emitting channel 21, and the laser receiving aperture 32 is connected to the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel 22.
[0029] This embodiment, by configuring a laser emitting aperture and a laser receiving aperture, can effectively isolate the optical paths of the emitted and received lasers compared to a structure with a single aperture. This reduces mutual interference between the lasers during emission and reception, improves the signal resolution and measurement accuracy of the lidar, and reduces optical path crosstalk. Furthermore, the separate aperture structure allows for the configuration of different filters or other optical elements for the laser emitting and receiving channels of the lidar, further optimizing the lidar's anti-interference capability.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment of this application, both the first arch-shaped laser receiving channel and the second arch-shaped laser receiving channel have multiple protruding structures on their inner walls, which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the two channels. Specifically, the protruding structures can be continuous strip-shaped protrusions, discrete dot-shaped protrusions, or protrusions of other geometric shapes. These protruding structures are used to reduce the reflection effects of laser transmission within the channel, while also reducing environmental stray light interference and improving laser transmission efficiency.
[0031] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A lidar, comprising: The laser radar comprises: an upper cover, internally equipped with a first light path assembly, and laterally provided with a laser opening extending into the interior of the upper cover and connected with the first light path assembly; a base, on which a second light path assembly is assembled; wherein, when the upper cover is covered on the base, the first light path assembly and the second light path assembly are combined and assembled to form a laser emitting channel and a laser receiving channel.
2. The lidar of claim 1, wherein, The first light path assembly comprises a first archway type laser emitting channel and a first archway type laser receiving channel; the second light path assembly comprises a second archway type laser emitting channel and a second archway type laser receiving channel; when the upper cover is covered on the base, the first light path assembly and the second light path assembly are combined and assembled, wherein the first archway type laser emitting channel and the second archway type laser emitting channel are combined and assembled as a cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first archway type laser receiving channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel are combined and assembled as a cylindrical laser receiving channel.
3. The lidar of claim 2, wherein, The first light path assembly further comprises a first L-shaped slot arranged on one side of the first archway type laser emitting channel, a limiting protrusion arranged at the abutting position of the first archway type laser emitting channel and the first archway type laser receiving channel, and a second L-shaped slot arranged on one side of the first archway type laser receiving channel; the second light path assembly further comprises a receiving slot arranged between the second archway type laser emitting channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel, a third L-shaped slot arranged on one side of the second archway type laser emitting channel, and a fourth L-shaped slot arranged on one side of the second archway type laser receiving channel; wherein, when the first light path assembly and the second light path assembly are combined and assembled, the first L-shaped slot and the third L-shaped slot are fitted, the limiting protrusion and the receiving slot are assembled, and the second L-shaped slot and the fourth L-shaped slot are fitted, so that the first archway type laser emitting channel and the second archway type laser emitting channel are combined and assembled as the cylindrical laser emitting channel, and the first archway type laser receiving channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel are combined and assembled as the cylindrical laser receiving channel.
4. The lidar of claim 3, wherein, The first archway type laser emitting channel and the first archway type laser receiving channel are integrally formed to constitute the first light path assembly; the second archway type laser emitting channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel are integrally formed to constitute the second light path assembly.
5. The lidar of claim 4, wherein, The upper cover and the first light path assembly are integrally formed; the base and the second light path assembly are integrally formed.
6. The lidar of claim 4, wherein, The first light path assembly is provided with a protruding buckle; the interior of the upper cover is provided with a first light path assembly mounting seat for mounting the first light path assembly; wherein, the first light path assembly mounting seat is provided with a mounting fence for limiting the mounting area of the first light path assembly; the mounting fence is provided with a mounting clamping position, so that the protruding buckle of the first light path assembly is correspondingly buckled and assembled with the mounting clamping position on the mounting fence.
7. The lidar of claim 6, wherein, One side of the first light path assembly is provided with a first screw hole, one side of the first light path assembly mounting seat is provided with a first screw column, and the first light path assembly and the first light path assembly mounting seat are assembled and connected based on the first screw hole and the first screw column.
8. The lidar of claim 7, wherein, The upper cover is internally provided with a second screw hole, and the base is provided with a second screw column, and the upper cover and the base are assembled and connected based on the second screw hole and the second screw column, so that when the upper cover is assembled on the base, the first light path assembly and the second light path assembly are combined and assembled to form the laser emission channel and the laser receiving channel.
9. The lidar of claim 2, wherein, The laser perforating hole comprises a laser emission hole and a laser receiving hole; wherein the laser emission hole is connected with the first archway type laser emission channel, and the laser receiving hole is connected with the first archway type laser receiving channel.
10. The lidar of claim 2, wherein, The inner walls of the first archway type laser receiving channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel are both provided with a plurality of protruding structures, which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the first archway type laser receiving channel and the second archway type laser receiving channel.