Water surface pollutant cleaning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water surface garbage cleaning, and particularly provides a water surface pollutant cleaning device which comprises a ship body, a power system arranged at the tail part of the ship body, a solid garbage salvaging device arranged at the front part of the ship body, and a control device, a conveying mechanism, a lithium battery and a solid garbage collecting box which are arranged on the ship body, an oil stain separation device for treating oil stains on the water surface is further arranged on the ship body; compared with the prior art, due to the arrangement of the solid garbage salvage device and the oil stain separation device, solid garbage can be collected, stored and salvaged, oil and water can be settled and separated under the action of gravity, so that oil stain is accurately sucked into the oil storage hopper, and the oil stain separation effect is improved. Therefore, solid garbage and oil dirt in the water surface are synchronously cleaned, the cleaning effect of the water surface environment is greatly improved, efficient cleaning of water surface pollutants is facilitated, and then treatment of the water surface environment is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water surface garbage cleaning technology, and in particular to a water surface pollutant cleaning device. Background Technology

[0002] Not only do aquatic plants such as duckweed and weeds easily grow on the surface of rivers or lakes, but solid garbage such as plastic bags, beverage bottles, and branches also float on the water, causing damage to the aquatic environment of rivers or lakes. Therefore, water surface environment management vessels are usually used to salvage the garbage on the water surface.

[0003] Currently, the two main methods of garbage collection are manual and automated. Manual collection involves using hooks to retrieve garbage from the water surface and conveying it to bins via a conveyor belt. However, manual collection is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. While automated collection can free up hands and improve efficiency, rivers and lakes often contain oil pollutants. Existing garbage collection vessels can only handle solid waste and lack the capacity to treat oil spills, resulting in poor water surface cleanup and hindering effective removal of pollutants, thus impacting the overall water environment management. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model proposes a water surface pollutant cleaning device.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] A water surface pollutant cleaning device includes a hull, a power system located at the stern of the hull, a solid waste retrieval device located at the bow of the hull, and a control device, a conveying mechanism, a lithium battery, and a solid waste collection box located on the hull. The power system is used to drive the hull to travel along the water surface, and the conveying mechanism is used to transport the solid waste retrieved by the solid waste retrieval device into the solid waste collection box. The hull is also equipped with an oil separation device for treating oil pollution on the water surface, and a water quality detection device is installed at the bottom of the hull.

[0007] The oil-water separation device includes a housing, inside which a grid and an oil-water separation plate are installed. The grid and oil-water separation plate divide the interior of the housing into a pretreatment chamber, a sedimentation separation chamber, and a wastewater storage chamber. A pump body is installed on the top of the housing. The pump body's inlet end is connected to a first suction pipe and a second suction pipe via a three-way pipe, and its outlet end is connected to a first drain pipe and a second drain pipe via a three-way pipe. One end of both the first suction pipe and the first drain pipe extends to the outside of the hull. The second drain pipe is located in the pretreatment chamber, and one end of the second suction pipe is connected to the sedimentation separation chamber. Baffles are fixed at the top and bottom of the sedimentation separation chamber, and a channel for wastewater flow is left between one end of each baffle and the inner wall of the sedimentation separation chamber. A wastewater tank with an open top is detachably installed in the wastewater storage chamber. An overflow hole connecting the sedimentation separation chamber and the wastewater storage chamber is opened on the top of the oil-water separation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the sewage tank has two fixed partitions inside, and an oil storage hopper can be detachably placed between the two partitions. A cavity is formed between one side of the two partitions and the inner wall of the sewage tank, and an inlet hole communicating with the cavity is opened on one side of the sewage tank. A gap is left between the bottom of the two partitions and the bottom of the sewage tank for oil to flow.

[0009] Preferably, the solid waste retrieval device includes two symmetrically distributed baffles, each with an opening in the middle, and a rotatable shaft installed in each opening. Multiple blades arranged in a circular array are provided on the outer circumference of each shaft. An outer cover is fixed to the outside of each baffle to cover the blades. A rotatable collection plate is provided on the side of each baffle away from the hull. The two collection plates are arranged in a herringbone pattern, and when they rotate into a figure-eight shape, they are used to collect solid waste on the water surface. A transmission component connects the two shafts to the conveying mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the hull includes a bottom hull, an installation compartment is installed inside the bottom hull, and a top cover is installed on the top of the bottom hull. Both sides of the top cover and the bottom hull are obliquely cut to form inclined surfaces. The installation compartment has an oil pollution treatment chamber, a garbage collection chamber, and an installation chamber. An oil pollution separation device is installed in the oil pollution treatment chamber. Two receiving frames are fixed in the garbage collection chamber, and a boss is formed in the middle of the garbage collection chamber. The control device and the lithium battery are both installed in the installation chamber. There are two solid waste collection boxes, and the two solid waste collection boxes can be detachably placed in the two receiving frames. A herringbone-shaped diversion plate is installed on the top of the boss, and the two solid waste collection boxes are located on both sides of the diversion plate. The front sides of the bottom hull, the installation compartment, and the top cover all have slots for the installation of a conveying mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes two first bearing seats fixed to the top of the installation chamber and two second bearing seats installed on the front side of the bottom shell. Rollers are installed between the two first bearing seats and between the two second bearing seats, and a conveyor belt is provided between the two rollers. A third motor and a reducer are installed in the installation cavity, and a first belt drive is connected between one of the rollers and the reducer.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission component includes a transmission shaft rotatably mounted on the top of two baffles, with main bevel gears mounted at both ends of the transmission shaft, and a second belt transmission component connecting the transmission shaft to one of the rotating rollers. The top ends of the two shafts are each equipped with a driven bevel gear that meshes with the main bevel gear.

[0013] Preferably, a life-saving device is provided on the inclined surfaces of both sides of the top cover, and the life-saving device includes a rotating base and a launcher mounted on the rotating base, wherein:

[0014] The rotating base includes a base and a rotating disk on top of the base. A first motor is installed inside the base, and a main gear is installed on the main shaft of the first motor. A driven gear that meshes with the main gear is installed at the bottom of the rotating disk.

[0015] The transmitter includes a housing mounted on a rotating disk and a launch tube disposed on one side of the housing. A support plate is installed inside the housing, and a second motor and a movable rack are disposed on the top of the support plate. A sector gear that meshes with the rack is mounted on the main shaft of the second motor. A connecting frame extending into the launch tube is installed at one end of the rack, and two connecting plates are hinged to one end of the connecting frame. A stop bar is hinged to one end of each of the two connecting plates. A spring is disposed inside the launch tube and is sleeved on the outside of the two connecting plates. Limit grooves are opened on both sides of the launch tube. The two stop bars are distributed in a V-shape, and the ends of the two stop bars away from the connecting plates are slidably connected to the two limit grooves respectively.

[0016] More preferably, the power system includes a mounting base fixed to the inner wall of the bottom shell, a sleeve is mounted on one side of the mounting base, a motor is fixed on the other side, a propeller is disposed inside the sleeve, and the motor is used to drive the propeller to rotate.

[0017] More preferably, a rotating shaft and a bracket are provided on one side of the baffle, and a micro motor for driving the rotating shaft is installed on the bracket, and one side of the collecting plate is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0018] Most preferably, the top cover is also equipped with a camera and a lighting device, and solar photovoltaic panels are installed on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the top cover.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. When in use, this utility model, through the setting of a solid waste retrieval device and an oil sludge separation device, can not only collect and store solid waste and retrieve solid waste from the water surface, but also effectively collect waste of various shapes and materials, ensuring the efficient operation of waste collection. It can also use gravity to achieve the sedimentation and separation of oil and water, so as to accurately suck the oil into the oil storage tank, while the clean water after separation is discharged back into the river or lake. The whole process is subject to strict water quality monitoring to ensure that the discharged water meets environmental protection standards, minimizing secondary pollution to the water body. Thus, it can simultaneously clean up solid waste and oil sludge in the water surface, greatly improving the cleaning effect of the water surface environment, which is conducive to the efficient cleaning of water surface pollutants, and thus facilitates the treatment of the water surface environment.

[0021] 2. When in use, this utility model, through the setting of the life-saving device, can quickly detect the location of a person who has fallen into the water, and quickly travel to the corresponding location by the hull, and then launch a life jacket towards the location of the person who has fallen into the water for use, thereby achieving rapid rescue, reducing the occurrence of drowning deaths, and greatly improving the practicality and functionality of the cleaning device. At the same time, the water quality detection device at the bottom of the hull can automatically collect and detect the water quality through pH value, conductivity detection, and spectral analysis, thereby targeting the treatment of lake surface garbage and oil pollution.

[0022] 3. In use, the hull of this utility model adopts a unique left and right catamaran structure, with the two hulls firmly connected by a high-strength connecting bridge. This structural design is based on in-depth research on fluid mechanics and has been verified by multiple simulation experiments. It can effectively reduce the water resistance of the ship by about 40% during navigation, thereby greatly improving navigation efficiency. Compared with the traditional monohull type, the catamaran structure gives the ship stronger stability, enabling it to maneuver flexibly in complex water environments with large waves, ensuring efficient operation. At the same time, the catamaran structure also provides more space for the layout of various equipment on board, which is convenient for rational planning. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top cover of this utility model during disassembly;

[0026] Figure 3 An exploded view of the ship's hull;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a solid waste retrieval device.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power system.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the lifesaving device;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the spring contracting.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an oil-water separation device;

[0033] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A sectional view;

[0034] Figure 11 for Figure 10 The front view;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the solid waste collection bin.

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the sewage tank.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Hull; 101. Bottom hull; 102. Installation compartment; 103. Top cover; 2. Lifesaving device; 21. Launch tube; 22. Outer shell; 23. Spring; 24. Stop bar; 25. Base; 26. First motor; 27. Main gear; 28. Driven gear; 29. ​​Rotary disk; 210. Support plate; 211. Rack; 212. Sector gear; 213. Second motor; 214. Connecting plate; 215. Connecting frame; 3. Solid waste retrieval device; 31. Baffle; 32. Drive shaft; 33. Main bevel gear; 34. Driven bevel gear; 35. Outer cover; 36. Blade; 37. Collection plate; 38. Micro motor; 4. Conveying mechanism; 41. Conveyor belt; 4 2. Rotating roller; 43. Third motor; 5. Camera device; 6. Lighting lamp; 7. Solar photovoltaic panel; 8. Lithium battery; 9. Power system; 91. Motor; 92. Sleeve; 93. Propeller; 10. Oil-sewage separation device; 1001. Box body; 1002. Pump body; 1003. First liquid suction pipe; 1004. First liquid discharge pipe; 1005. Sewage tank; 1006. Oil storage hopper; 1007. Oil-water separation plate; 1008. Baffle plate; 1009. Grille; 1010. Second liquid discharge pipe; 1011. Second liquid suction pipe; 1012. Liquid inlet; 1013. Partition plate; 11. Solid waste collection bin; 12. Diversion plate; 13. Receiving frame. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] Please see Figures 1-6 as well as Figures 9-13As shown, a water surface pollutant cleaning device includes a hull 1, a power system 9 located at the stern of the hull 1, a solid waste retrieval device 3 located at the bow of the hull 1, and a control device, a conveying mechanism 4, a lithium battery 8, and a solid waste collection box 11 mounted on the hull 1. The power system 9 drives the hull 1 to travel along the water surface, and the conveying mechanism 4 transports the solid waste retrieved by the solid waste retrieval device 3 into the solid waste collection box 11. The hull 1 is also equipped with an oil separation device 10 for treating oil slicks on the water surface, and a water quality detection device is located at the bottom of the hull 1. The hull 1 includes a bottom... The shell 101 has an installation compartment 102 inside, and a top cover 103 is installed on the top of the bottom shell 101. The top cover 103 and both sides of the bottom shell 101 are beveled. The installation compartment 102 has an oil stain treatment chamber, a garbage collection chamber, and an installation chamber. The oil stain separation device 10 is installed in the oil stain treatment chamber. Two receiving frames 13 are fixed in the garbage collection chamber, and a boss is formed in the middle of the garbage collection chamber. The control device and the lithium battery 8 are installed in the installation chamber. The control device is used to realize the operation control of the cleaning device, and the lithium battery 8 provides power to the entire cleaning device. Solid waste collection box 1 1. Two solid waste collection bins 11 are provided, and the two bins 11 can be detachably placed in two receiving frames 13. A herringbone-shaped diversion plate 12 is installed on the top of the boss. The two solid waste collection bins 11 are located on both sides of the diversion plate 12. The front sides of the bottom shell 101, the mounting compartment 102, and the top cover 103 all have slots for the installation of the conveying mechanism 4. The power system 9 includes a mounting base fixed to the inner wall of the bottom shell 101. A sleeve 92 is installed on one side of the mounting base, and a motor 91 is fixed on the other side. A propeller 93 is installed inside the sleeve 92. The motor 91 is used to drive the propeller 93 to rotate. The motor 91 is a non-linear motor. Brushed DC motor (DJI RM3510); Hull 1 adopts a unique catamaran structure, with the two hulls firmly connected by a high-strength connecting bridge. This structural design is based on in-depth research into fluid mechanics and has been verified by multiple simulation experiments. It can effectively reduce the water resistance of the boat by about 40% during movement, thereby greatly improving navigation efficiency. Compared with traditional monohull boats, the catamaran structure gives the boat stronger stability, allowing it to maneuver flexibly in complex water environments with large waves, ensuring efficient operation. At the same time, the catamaran structure also provides more space for the layout of various equipment on board, making it easier to plan rationally.

[0042] The oil-water separation device 10 includes a housing 1001. Inside the housing 1001, a grille 1009 and an oil-water separation plate 1007 are installed. The grille 1009 and the oil-water separation plate 1007 divide the interior of the housing 1001 into a pretreatment chamber, a sedimentation separation chamber, and a wastewater storage chamber. A pump body 1002 is installed on the top of the housing 1001. The inlet end of the pump body 1002 is connected to a first suction pipe 1003 and a second suction pipe 1011 via a three-way pipe. The outlet end is connected to a first drain pipe 1004 and a second drain pipe 1010 via a three-way pipe. One end of the first suction pipe 1003 and the first drain pipe 1004 both extend to the outside of the hull 1. The second drain pipe 1010 is in a pretreatment chamber. Inside the treatment chamber, one end of the second suction pipe 1011 is connected to the sedimentation separation chamber. The top and bottom of the sedimentation separation chamber are fixed with baffles 1008, and a channel for sewage flow is left between one end of the two baffles 1008 and the inner wall of the sedimentation separation chamber. A sewage tank 1005 with an open top is detachably installed in the sewage storage chamber. An overflow hole connecting the sedimentation separation chamber and the sewage storage chamber is opened on the top of the oil-water separation plate 1007. Specifically, electric valves are provided on the first suction pipe 1003, the second suction pipe 1011, the first drain pipe 1004 and the second drain pipe 1010. The electric valves are one-way valves to facilitate the switching of the suction pipe and the drain pipe of the pump body 1002.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, the sewage tank 1005 has two fixed partitions 1013 inside, and an oil storage hopper 1006 can be detachably placed between the two partitions 1013. A cavity is formed between one side of the two partitions 1013 and the inner wall of the sewage tank 1005, and an inlet hole 1012 communicating with the cavity is opened on one side of the sewage tank 1005. A gap is left between the bottom of the two partitions 1013 and the bottom of the sewage tank 1005 for oil to flow.

[0044] Specifically, regarding the aforementioned solid waste retrieval device 3, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the solid waste collection device 3 includes two symmetrically distributed baffles 31. Each baffle 31 has an opening in its center, and a rotatable shaft is installed within each opening. Multiple blades 36 arranged in a circular array are arranged on the outer circumference of each shaft. An outer cover 35 is fixed to the outside of each baffle 31 to cover the blades 36. A rotatable collection plate 37 is provided on the side of each baffle 31 away from the hull 1. The two collection plates 37 are arranged in a herringbone pattern, and when they rotate into a figure-eight shape, they are used to collect solid waste on the water surface. The two shafts are connected to the conveying mechanism 4. A transmission component is connected between the two baffles 31. The transmission component includes a transmission shaft 32 rotatably mounted on the top of the two baffles 31. Both ends of the transmission shaft 32 are equipped with main bevel gears 33. A second belt transmission component is connected between the transmission shaft 32 and one of the rotating rollers 42. The top ends of the two shafts are equipped with driven bevel gears 34 that mesh with the main bevel gears 33. A rotating shaft and a bracket are provided on one side of the baffle 31. A micro motor 38 that drives the rotating shaft is mounted on the bracket. One side of the collecting plate 37 is mounted on the rotating shaft. The micro motor 38 is a stepper motor (Leica Intelligent DM542 driver + 57HS22 stepper motor).

[0045] Specifically, regarding the aforementioned conveying mechanism 4, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the conveying mechanism 4 includes two first bearing seats fixed to the top of the mounting chamber 102 and two second bearing seats installed on the front side of the bottom shell 101. Rollers 42 are installed between the two first bearing seats and between the two second bearing seats, and a conveyor belt 41 is provided between the two rollers 42. A third motor 43 and a reducer are installed in the mounting cavity, and a first belt drive component is connected between one of the rollers 42 and the reducer. The third motor 43 is a servo motor (Panasonic MINASA6 series).

[0046] Through the above technical solution:

[0047] When cleaning pollutants from the surface of lakes or rivers, the hull 1 can be driven into the water to be cleaned, and the propeller 93 is rotated by the motor 91 to drive the hull 1 forward or turn along the water surface. During the forward movement of the hull 1, the micro motor 38 drives the collection plates 37 to rotate through the shaft, causing the two collection plates 37 to rotate and open into a V-shape. At this time, as the hull 1 moves forward, the two open collection plates 37 collect solid waste on the water surface. Then, the third motor 43 and the reducer drive the conveyor belt 41 to rotate, and at the same time, the second belt drive component drives the drive shaft 32 to rotate, and then the transmission... The shaft 32 drives the shaft rod to rotate through the cooperation of the main bevel gear 33 and the driven bevel gear 34. Then the shaft rod drives the blade plate 36 to rotate, so as to send the solid waste collected by the collection plate 37 to the feeding side of the conveyor belt 41. Then, the solid waste is scooped out of the water by the rotation of the conveyor belt 41, and the solid waste falls into the two solid waste collection boxes 11 under the action of the diversion plate 12, so as to collect and store the solid waste, thereby realizing the scooping of solid waste on the water surface, and can effectively collect waste of various shapes and materials, ensuring the efficient operation of waste collection work, which in turn is conducive to the efficient cleaning of pollutants on the water surface.

[0048] Simultaneously, during the solid waste cleaning process on the water surface, the water quality can be detected by the oil concentration sensor in the water quality detection device and control device. When oil is present in the water, the control device starts the pump body 1002 and opens the electric valves on the first suction pipe 1003 and the second discharge pipe 1010 to draw the oily wastewater through the first suction pipe 1003 and discharge it into the pretreatment chamber inside the tank 1001 through the second discharge pipe 1010. At this time, the oily wastewater is coarsely filtered by the grid 1009 to remove large particulate solid impurities (such as food scraps and plastic fragments) in the water. The filtered oily wastewater flows into the sedimentation separation chamber and slowly flows along the sedimentation separation chamber under the action of the two baffles 1008 (e.g., Figure 11 As indicated by arrow a in the diagram, oils (such as mineral oil, vegetable oil, and animal oil) generally have a lower density than water (oil density is approximately 0.8-0.95 g / cm³). 3 Water content is 1.0 g / cm³ 3 This method uses gravity to separate oil and water, meaning that when the mixed liquid is left to stand, the water will sink to the bottom (e.g., ...). Figure 11 As shown by arrow b in the image, the oil will naturally rise to the surface and flow into the wastewater storage chamber through the overflow hole at the top of the oil-water separator 1007 (as shown by arrow b in the image). Figure 11As indicated by arrow c in the diagram, the oil undergoes further sedimentation and separation to enhance the oil-water separation effect. As the liquid level in the wastewater storage chamber rises, the oil flows from the inlet 1012 on one side of the wastewater tank 1005 into the cavities on both sides of the tank, and then flows through the gap between the partition 1013 and the wastewater tank 1005 into the center of the tank. Finally, the oil overflows into the oil storage hopper 1006 (as shown by arrow c in the diagram). Figure 11 As indicated by arrow d in the diagram, the water contained in the oil is stored inside the wastewater tank 1005, thus achieving further sedimentation and separation of the oil and wastewater. After treatment, the electric valves on the first suction pipe 1003 and the second drain pipe 1010 are closed by the control device, while the electric valves on the second suction pipe 1011 and the first drain pipe 1004 are opened to switch the pipeline of the pump body 1002. Then, the pump body 1002 is started by the control device, so that the pump body 1002 extracts the water stored in the sedimentation separation chamber through the second suction pipe 1011 and re-extracts it through the first drain pipe 1004. The oil is discharged into rivers or lakes to clean up the oil pollution in the water. During the oil pollution cleanup process, water quality testing devices and oil concentration sensors monitor the water quality in real time after separation to ensure that the discharged water meets environmental protection standards. When the oil storage tank 1006 is full or the water surface is cleaned up, the boat 1 can be driven to shore, the sewage tank 1005 can be taken out from the tank 1001, and the oil storage tank 1006 can be taken out from the sewage tank 1005 and the oil pollution can be dumped to clean the sewage tank 1005, the oil storage tank 1006 and the tank 1001, thereby facilitating the subsequent use of the oil pollution separation device 10.

[0049] Additionally, it should be noted that the water quality testing devices used in this embodiment are the Hach CODmax III online COD analyzer and the Hach TX1315 portable water quality biotoxicity analyzer, wherein:

[0050] The Hach CODmax III online COD analyzer can quickly and accurately detect the chemical oxygen demand in water. It is suitable for assessing the degree of water pollution by small cleaning boats, and its reliable performance helps to grasp the pollution status of water bodies in a timely manner.

[0051] The Hach TX1315 portable water quality biotoxicity detector can detect the toxicity of organisms in water, helping to assess the toxic impact of water on organisms. It is very useful in water cleanup work where ecological environment needs to be considered.

[0052] Furthermore, such as Figures 1-3As shown, a camera device 5 and a lighting lamp 6 are also installed on the top cover 103, and solar photovoltaic panels 7 are installed on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the top cover 103. Specifically, the camera device 5 can be a rotatable camera in the prior art. While the hull 1 is traveling along the water surface, it can capture real-time images of the water environment and transmit the images to the control device. When traveling at night, it can be illuminated by the lighting lamp 6, which can not only provide supplementary lighting for the camera device 5, but also serve as a warning to facilitate the safe passage of surrounding vessels on the water.

[0053] In this embodiment, the solar photovoltaic panel 7 is a LONGi Class A single-sided 545W solar photovoltaic panel, and the lithium battery 8 is a brand-new CATL 3.7V CATL 117AH ternary lithium automotive-grade power battery. On sunny days, solar power can be generated through the solar photovoltaic panel 7. A matching MPPT controller, DC-DC step-down module, and BMS battery management system are installed inside the hull 1 to charge the lithium battery 8. The specific connection method is as follows:

[0054] (1) Solar photovoltaic panel → MPPT controller

[0055] Connect the positive and negative terminals accordingly. The cable must meet the current requirement (545W / 40V = 13.6A, select 4mm). 2 Wire);

[0056] (2) MPPT controller → DC-DC step-down module

[0057] Connect the input to the controller output terminal (12V), and adjust the output to 4.2V (full voltage);

[0058] (3) DC-DC module → BMS → Battery

[0059] Connect the module output to the BMS input, and connect the BMS output to the battery, ensuring correct polarity.

[0060] MPPT controller current: 545W / 12V≈45A → Select a controller of 50A or higher (EPever 60A);

[0061] Step-down module power: 117Ah×4.2V≈500W, a module of 500W or higher is required (Victron Orion-Tr48 / 12-20A);

[0062] Estimated charging time: 432.9Wh / (545W × 0.7 efficiency) ≈ 1.1 hours (under ideal lighting conditions).

[0063] In addition, the first belt drive component and the second belt drive component in this embodiment are both belt drive structures in the prior art, and in order to ensure the normal transmission of the belt, the wrap angle between the belt and the pulley is greater than 120°.

[0064] Furthermore, the collection plate 37, outer cover 35, and baffle 31 are all designed with a hollow structure to reduce the resistance of the hull 1. The conveyor belt 41 is equipped with evenly distributed scrapers to facilitate the transport of solid waste. At the same time, the conveyor belt 41 is also designed with a hollow structure to facilitate the drainage of water carried by the solid waste, further facilitating the transport of fixed waste.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a rescue device 2 is provided on the inclined surfaces of both sides of the top cover 103, and the rescue device 2 includes a rotating base and a launcher mounted on the rotating base, wherein:

[0067] The rotating base includes a base 25 and a rotating disk 29 located on top of the base 25. A first motor 26 is installed inside the base 25, and a main gear 27 is mounted on the main shaft of the first motor 26. A driven gear 28 that meshes with the main gear 27 is installed at the bottom of the rotating disk 29. Specifically, the first motor 26 can be a Leadshine DM542 driver + 57HS22 stepper motor.

[0068] The transmitter includes a housing 22 mounted on a rotating disk 29 and a launch tube 21 disposed on one side of the housing 22. A support plate 210 is installed inside the housing 22, and a second motor 213 and a movable rack 211 are provided on the top of the support plate 210. A sector gear 212 that meshes with the rack 211 is mounted on the main shaft of the second motor 213. A connecting frame 215 extending into the launch tube 21 is installed at one end of the rack 211, and two connecting plates 214 are hinged to one end of the connecting frame 215. A stop bar 24 is hinged to one end of each of the two connecting plates 214. A spring 23 is provided inside the launch tube 21, and the spring 23 is sleeved on the outside of the two connecting plates 214. Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the launch tube 21. The two stop bars 24 are distributed in a V-shape, and the ends of the two stop bars 24 away from the connecting plates 214 are slidably connected to the two limiting grooves respectively.

[0069] Furthermore, the transmitter also includes:

[0070] 1) Control core unit

[0071] A microcontroller (Siemens S7-1200 series) is used. The microcontroller is responsible for receiving signals from sensors, processing these signals according to preset algorithms, and sending control commands to the motor driver and transmitter. Depending on the system's functional requirements, the microcontroller can control parameters such as turning the transmitter on and off. When the microcontroller receives a rotation command (which can be from an external device or an internal command based on sensor feedback), it sends pulse signals to the motor driver. The stepper motor driver converts these signals into the current and voltage required by the motor, driving the motor to rotate in the specified direction and speed.

[0072] 2) Angle sensor

[0073] The AS5048A angle sensor is used, which is a magnetic rotary position sensor that determines the angular position of the rotating axis by detecting changes in the magnetic field. It has high resolution (up to 14 bits) and can accurately measure the rotation angle of the transmitter. The sensor is connected to the microcontroller via SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface).

[0074] Connection pins: VCC is connected to the microcontroller's 5V power supply pin, GND is connected to the microcontroller's ground pin, CS (chip select) pin is connected to one of the microcontroller's I / O pins, SCLK (clock) pin is connected to the microcontroller's SPI clock pin, MOSI (master output, slave input) pin is connected to the microcontroller's SPI MOSI pin, and MISO (master input, slave output) pin is connected to the microcontroller's SPI MISO pin.

[0075] 3) Target detection sensor

[0076] The VL53L1X sensor is used, which is a distance sensor based on the time-of-flight (ToF) principle. It can detect the distance to the target in front of the transmitter so as to adjust the rotation angle of the transmitter according to the position of the target. The sensor is connected to the microcontroller via an I2C interface.

[0077] Connection pins: VCC is connected to the microcontroller's 3.3V power supply pin, GND is connected to the microcontroller's ground pin, SDA (data) pin is connected to the microcontroller's I2C SDA pin, and SCL (clock) pin is connected to the microcontroller's I2C SCL pin.

[0078] In the complete rotatable launcher system, the angle sensor is used to accurately measure the launcher's rotation angle and feed it back to the microcontroller, the target detection sensor is used to detect the target's position information, and the microcontroller controls the motor to drive the launcher to rotate to the appropriate position based on the feedback information from these sensors, thereby enabling the launcher to accurately point and operate on the target area.

[0079] Through the above technical solution:

[0080] Before using the cleaning device, life jackets are compressed and packed into the launch tube 21. The compressed life jacket pack is positioned between two V-shaped baffles 24. One end of the launch tube 21 is then sealed with disposable waterproof paper (the waterproof paper is existing technology, such as the sealing paper used on the top of a firework tube). During the water surface cleaning process, if a sudden fall into the water occurs, the camera device 5 will automatically and quickly detect it and feed the detection data back to the control device. The control device will then stop the solid waste retrieval device 3, allowing the boat 1 to quickly travel to the vicinity of the person in the water via the power system 9. The target detection sensor will then detect the location of the person in the water and feed the location information back to the microcontroller, enabling the microcontroller to adjust its position accordingly. The system first controls the first motor 26, which drives the main gear 27 to rotate. The main gear 27 then drives the rotating disk 29 to rotate via the meshing driven gear 28, thus rotating the launcher. During rotation, an angle sensor detects the rotation angle and feeds the data back to the microcontroller. When the launcher rotates to a position facing the person falling into the water, the microcontroller stops the first motor 26 and starts the second motor 213. This causes the second motor 213 to drive the sector gear 212 to rotate. The sector gear 212 then drives the meshing rack 211 to move horizontally along the support plate 210, and pulls the stop bar 24 via the connecting plate 214 and the connecting frame 215, causing the stop bar 24 to compress the spring 23 (e.g., ...). Figure 8 As shown), when the sector gear 212 is not engaged with the rack 211, the spring 23 will push the two stop bars 24 to reset via the connecting plate 214 and the connecting bracket 215 (as shown). Figure 7 As shown), the two baffles 24 eject the life jacket compression pack from the launch tube 21. At this time, the life jacket compression pack breaks through the waterproof paper at the end of the launch tube 21 and is shot to the position where the person falls into the water, so as to achieve rapid rescue, reduce the occurrence of drowning deaths, and greatly improve the practicality and functionality of the cleanup device.

[0081] Furthermore, during rescue operations, the water quality detection device at the bottom of the hull will automatically collect water samples and perform water quality testing through pH value, conductivity detection, and spectral analysis, thereby addressing surface debris and oil pollution in a targeted manner.

[0082] Furthermore, the control devices involved in the above embodiments are all existing technologies, not innovative aspects of this utility model, and not within the protection scope of this utility model. One implementation may include:

[0083] (A) Central Processing Unit (CPU)

[0084] It adopts a high-performance industrial-grade PLC or embedded microcontroller (Siemens S7-1200 series) to be responsible for overall logic control, data processing and instruction scheduling, support multi-threaded task processing, and coordinate the real-time collaborative work of various functional modules.

[0085] (B) Sensor Module

[0086] Environmental sensing sensor (Hach LDO II fluorescence dissolved oxygen sensor from the United States): Based on the fluorescence quenching method, it uses blue light to excite the fluorescent material on the sensor surface and measures the fluorescence decay time to calculate the dissolved oxygen concentration;

[0087] Ultrasonic sensor (MaxBotix MB7360): Detects the distribution and density of debris on the water surface;

[0088] Oil contamination sensor (Honeywell Multisense VQ548): Real-time monitoring of oil contamination content (infrared spectroscopy analyzer);

[0089] GPS module: locates the position of hull 1 and monitors its attitude (tilt, speed);

[0090] Equipment status sensors: mainly involving communication group, equipment health group, obstacle avoidance group, and navigation group; the communication group (LoRa module + 18650 battery pack) is used to realize remote control and data transmission; the equipment health group (INA219) is used for real-time energy monitoring and fault diagnosis; the obstacle avoidance group (HC-SR04 ultrasonic + Sharp GP2Y0A21 infrared) integrates two sensors and uses algorithms for dynamic obstacle avoidance; the navigation group (GPS + electronic compass) is used to realize high-precision positioning and path planning;

[0091] Temperature sensor (Texas Instruments TMP117): Monitors the operating temperature of the motor and oil-sludge separator 10;

[0092] Pressure sensor (Omron E8F2 series 0-1000N): detects the load pressure of the garbage retrieval conveyor belt 41.

[0093] (C) Actuator drive module

[0094] Motor drive unit: Stepper motor (Leica Intelligent DM542 driver + 57HS22 stepper motor) / Servo motor (Panasonic MINASA6 series): controls the opening and closing of the salvage collection plate 37, the rotation of the blade 36 and the speed of the garbage conveyor belt 41; Brushless DC motor (DJI RM3510): drives the propeller 93 propulsion system and adjusts the heading and speed of the hull 1.

[0095] (D) Communication Module

[0096] 4G (Quectel EC25 4G module) / 5G module (Gosuncn GM860A-C1AX): Enables remote data transmission and cloud monitoring; CAN bus or RS485 interface (Microchip KSZ9897 Ethernet switch): Used for high-speed communication between internal modules and interaction between sensors and the CPU; Wi-Fi / Bluetooth (ESP32-WROOM Wi-Fi module): Supports local debugging and connection to operating terminals.

[0097] (E) Human-Computer Interface (HMI)

[0098] Touchscreen: Displays real-time data (waste volume, oil separation efficiency, ship position, etc.); Physical buttons: Basic operations such as emergency stop and mode switching.

[0099] (F) Power Management Module

[0100] Lithium battery pack (CATL 3.7V CATL 117AH ternary lithium automotive-grade power battery) + solar charging system (LONGi A-class single-sided 545W solar panel): provides continuous power supply; voltage / current monitoring (ADILTC2945) circuit: prevents overload or short circuit.

[0101] Meanwhile, the connection methods between each device and the control device are as follows:

[0102] (a) Solid waste retrieval device 3

[0103] The micro motor 38 is connected to the PWM output port of the PLC through the motor drive unit to receive action commands; the speed of the conveyor belt 41 is fed back to the CPU by the encoder to form a closed-loop control; data flow: ultrasonic sensor → CAN bus → PLC → robotic arm control command;

[0104] (b) Oil separation device 10

[0105] The oil concentration sensor is connected to the PLC via an ADC module to transmit data in real time.

[0106] (c) Power System 9

[0107] The Motor 91 driver board receives speed / heading commands from the PLC via the CAN bus; the GPS / IMU module feeds back position and attitude data to the PLC via the serial port (UART);

[0108] (d) Communication module

[0109] The 5G module communicates with the cloud server via TCP / IP protocol to upload operating status and alarm information; the touch screen interacts with the PLC via RS232 or Ethernet to realize parameter setting and data display.

[0110] In summary, this utility model, manufactured, assembled, and rigorously tested by a professional team, has undergone multiple field tests in various aquatic environments. Test results demonstrate that the vessel can smoothly and efficiently complete surface garbage retrieval operations, achieving an average garbage retrieval volume of 25 cubic meters per hour and an oil separation efficiency of up to 90%. Overall, the vessel boasts a scientifically sound structural design, flexible and maneuverable operation, and simple and reliable operation. It is widely applicable in diverse aquatic environments, including wide lakes, winding rivers, and relatively narrow urban waterways. Furthermore, its manufacturing cost is significantly lower than traditional retrieval equipment, offering exceptional cost-effectiveness. It has broad application prospects and promotional value in the future field of water sanitation, and is expected to become a powerful tool for solving surface garbage and oil pollution problems.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for cleaning pollutants on the water surface, characterized in that: The vessel includes a hull (1), a power system (9) located at the stern of the hull (1), a solid waste retrieval device (3) located at the front of the hull (1), and a control device, a conveying mechanism (4), a lithium battery (8), and a solid waste collection box (11) located on the hull (1). The power system (9) is used to drive the hull (1) to travel along the water surface. The conveying mechanism (4) is used to transport the solid waste retrieved by the solid waste retrieval device (3) into the solid waste collection box (11). The hull (1) is also equipped with an oil separation device (10) for treating oil pollution on the water surface, and a water quality detection device is installed at the bottom of the hull (1). The oil-water separation device (10) includes a housing (1001). A grille (1009) and an oil-water separation plate (1007) are installed inside the housing (1001). The grille (1009) and the oil-water separation plate (1007) divide the interior of the housing (1001) into a pretreatment chamber, a sedimentation separation chamber, and a wastewater storage chamber. A pump body (1002) is installed on the top of the housing (1001). The inlet end of the pump body (1002) is connected to a first suction pipe (1003) and a second suction pipe (1011) via a three-way pipe. The outlet end is connected to a first drain pipe (1004) and a second drain pipe (1010) via a three-way pipe. The first suction pipe... One end of the pipe (1003) and the first drain pipe (1004) both extend to the outside of the hull (1). The second drain pipe (1010) is located in the pretreatment chamber. One end of the second suction pipe (1011) is connected to the sedimentation separation chamber. The top and bottom of the sedimentation separation chamber are fixed with baffles (1008). One end of each baffle (1008) and the inner wall of the sedimentation separation chamber are provided with a channel for sewage flow. The sewage storage chamber is detachably equipped with a sewage tank (1005) with an open top. The top of the oil-water separation plate (1007) has an overflow hole that connects the sedimentation separation chamber and the sewage storage chamber.

2. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sewage tank (1005) has two fixed partitions (1013) inside, and an oil storage hopper (1006) can be detachably placed between the two partitions (1013). A cavity is formed between one side of the two partitions (1013) and the inner wall of the sewage tank (1005), and an inlet hole (1012) communicating with the cavity is opened on one side of the sewage tank (1005). A gap is left between the bottom of the two partitions (1013) and the bottom of the sewage tank (1005) for oil to flow.

3. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid waste retrieval device (3) includes two symmetrically distributed baffles (31). Both baffles (31) have openings in the middle, and both openings are equipped with rotatable shafts. Both shafts have multiple blades (36) arranged in a ring array on their outer circumference. Both baffles (31) have outer covers (35) fixed on their outer sides to cover the blades (36). Both baffles (31) have rotatable collection plates (37) on the side away from the hull (1). The two collection plates (37) are arranged in a V-shape, and when the two collection plates (37) rotate into a V-shape, they are used to collect solid waste on the water surface. The two shafts are connected to the conveying mechanism (4) by a transmission component.

4. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hull (1) includes a bottom shell (101), an installation compartment (102) is installed inside the bottom shell (101), and a top cover (103) is installed on the top of the bottom shell (101). The top cover (103) and both sides of the bottom shell (101) are obliquely cut to form inclined surfaces. The installation compartment (102) has an oil pollution treatment chamber, a garbage collection chamber and an installation chamber. An oil pollution separation device (10) is installed in the oil pollution treatment chamber. Two receiving frames (13) are fixed in the garbage collection chamber, and the middle part of the garbage collection chamber is shaped like a... The mounting cavity has a boss, and the control device and lithium battery (8) are installed in the mounting cavity. There are two solid waste collection boxes (11), and the two solid waste collection boxes (11) can be detached and placed in two receiving frames (13). A herringbone-shaped diversion plate (12) is installed on the top of the boss, and the two solid waste collection boxes (11) are located on both sides of the diversion plate (12). The front of the bottom shell (101), the mounting compartment (102) and the top cover (103) all have slots for the installation of the conveying mechanism (4).

5. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (4) includes two first bearing seats fixed to the top of the mounting chamber (102) and two second bearing seats installed on the front side of the bottom shell (101). Rollers (42) are installed between the two first bearing seats and between the two second bearing seats, and a conveyor belt (41) is provided between the two rollers (42). A third motor (43) and a reducer are installed in the mounting cavity, and a first belt drive is connected between one of the rollers (42) and the reducer.

6. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The transmission component includes a transmission shaft (32) rotatably mounted on the top of two baffles (31), with a main bevel gear (33) mounted on both ends of the transmission shaft (32), and a second belt transmission component connected between the transmission shaft (32) and one of the rollers (42), with a secondary bevel gear (34) meshing with the main bevel gear (33) mounted on the top of both shafts.

7. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A life-saving device (2) is provided on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the top cover (103), and the life-saving device (2) includes a rotating base and a launcher mounted on the rotating base, wherein: The rotating base includes a base (25) and a rotating disk (29) located on top of the base (25). A first motor (26) is installed inside the base (25), and a main gear (27) is installed on the main shaft of the first motor (26). A driven gear (28) that meshes with the main gear (27) is installed at the bottom of the rotating disk (29). The transmitter includes a housing (22) mounted on a rotating disk (29) and a launch tube (21) disposed on one side of the housing (22). A support plate (210) is installed inside the housing (22), and a second motor (213) and a movable rack (211) are provided on the top of the support plate (210). A sector gear (212) that meshes with the rack (211) is installed on the main shaft of the second motor (213). A connecting rod extending into the interior of the launch tube (21) is installed at one end of the rack (211). The connecting frame (215) has two connecting plates (214) hinged to one end. Each of the two connecting plates (214) has a stop bar (24) hinged to one end. The inside of the launching tube (21) is provided with a spring (23), and the spring (23) is sleeved on the outside of the two connecting plates (214). Limiting grooves are opened on both sides of the launching tube (21). The two stop bars (24) are distributed in a V shape, and the ends of the two stop bars (24) away from the connecting plate (214) are slidably connected to the two limiting grooves respectively.

8. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power system (9) includes a mounting base fixed on the inner wall of the bottom shell (101). A sleeve (92) is installed on one side of the mounting base, and a motor (91) is fixed on the other side. A propeller (93) is provided inside the sleeve (92), and the motor (91) is used to drive the propeller (93) to rotate.

9. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A rotating shaft and a bracket are provided on one side of the baffle (31). A micro motor (38) for driving the rotating shaft is installed on the bracket, and one side of the collecting plate (37) is installed on the rotating shaft.

10. The water surface pollutant cleaning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top cover (103) is also equipped with a camera device (5) and a lighting lamp (6), and solar photovoltaic panels (7) are installed on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the top cover (103).

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