Single supporting device for supporting coal mine tunnel

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of roadway supporting, and particularly relates to a single supporting device for coal mine roadway supporting, which comprises a top beam, a stand column, a first pin shaft and a second pin shaft, a spherical surface structure is arranged in the top beam and matched with the upper spherical surface of the stand column, and the lower spherical surface of the other end of the stand column is matched with a spherical surface structure arranged in a base. Two symmetrically-distributed side supporting plates are fixedly installed on the two sides of the base, the upper spherical surface of the stand column is fixed to the top beam through a first pin shaft, and a pressing block is fixedly connected to the first pin shaft. The detachable side supporting plates are innovatively designed on the two sides of the base, the grounding area can be increased in use, the detachable side supporting plates are detached in transportation, the appearance width size is reduced, and transportation is facilitated; a single-column supporting structure is innovatively designed, the structure is simple, the space size is small, a four-connecting-rod structure and a shield beam structure in a traditional supporting device are omitted, the support structure is simplified to the maximum extent, and the size of the supporting device is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of roadway support, specifically relating to a single support device for coal mine roadway support. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine support devices are key equipment in fully mechanized coal mining equipment. Their function is to effectively support and control the roof of the working face, ensure the safe working space for workers and equipment, and play an important role in coal mine safety production, increasing working face output, reducing labor intensity and improving labor efficiency.

[0003] Coal mine support systems mainly consist of load-bearing structural components, hydraulic cylinders, a hydraulic control system, and other auxiliary devices. Traditional support systems primarily utilize welded structural components such as top beams, shield beams, bases, and front and rear connecting rods. The top beam directly contacts the roof, transmitting support force and providing roof protection; the base directly contacts the floor, transmitting support force and supporting other components; the shield beam connects the top beam, base, and connecting rods, bearing the horizontal force of the support structure and the pressure of collapsing roof rock.

[0004] According to the location of use, support devices can be divided into working face support devices and roadway support devices. Roadway support devices are used in the working face transport roadways and return air roadways, and are responsible for supporting the roadway roof and floor, maintaining the stability of the roadway roof, and controlling roof subsidence.

[0005] Traditional roadway support methods include wooden props, timber stacks, steel beams, and single props combined with hinged beams. With the rapid development and progress of science and technology, traditional pre-support methods are gradually becoming incompatible with the requirements of modern mine construction. Among these, single props, as a type of small support device, are still widely used in pre-support due to their small size, light weight, reliable support, ease of use and maintenance, and low overall cost. However, for roadways with a wide mining impact range, long distances, and high pressure, single props combined with hinged beams can no longer fully meet the requirements of pre-support in terms of support strength, height, speed, automation level, safety, and reliability.

[0006] Currently, the two main types of roadway support devices that are technologically mature and widely used in China are the two-row alternating stepping self-moving support device and the front-to-back sequential self-moving support device. The two-row alternating stepping self-moving support device, as a modern support equipment, has advantages such as high support strength, simple operation, and good safety. However, this type of device requires the entire group to move forward, with each movement consisting of a single step. All devices must complete a full cycle of lowering, moving, and raising the support, resulting in high-frequency, repeated support of the roof. This can easily cause serious damage to the roadway roof and the anchor cable support system, leading to roof leaks and collapses. Furthermore, due to the limitations of the support principle and structure of the two-row alternating stepping support device, when the roadway support strength requirement is high, increasing the number of columns and cylinder diameter will inevitably increase the size of the support structure and the initial support force, resulting in a series of adverse effects such as higher frequency, greater repeated support force, and greater resistance to movement. Therefore, the two-row alternating stepping support system is no longer feasible in roadways with a wide range of mining impact, severe roof and floor fractures, and high pressure. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a single support device for coal mine roadway support, which solves the problems of high difficulty in moving existing roadway support frames and severe crushing due to high pressure on the roof and floor.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support, including a top beam, a column, a first pin, and a second pin. The top beam has an internal spherical structure that mates with the upper spherical surface of the column. The lower spherical surface of the other end of the column mates with an internal spherical structure of the base. Two symmetrically distributed side support plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the base. The upper spherical surface of the column is fixed to the top beam via the first pin, and a pressure block is fixedly connected to the first pin. The lower spherical surface of the column is fixed to the base via the second pin, and the second pin is fixedly connected to the top beam. The pressure block is fixedly connected to the top beam. A third pin is slidably sleeved inside the side support plate and fixedly connected to the base. A pressure plate is provided inside the base and fixedly connected to the column. A fourth pin is slidably sleeved inside the pressure plate and fixedly connected to the base. A limit plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base, and the limit plate contacts the column.

[0009] The principle of this utility model is as follows: The upper part of the top beam is designed with a Π-shaped steel beam and a groove structure, and an innovative mechanical deflection limiting device is designed between the top beam and the column. It can adapt to all shapes of roadway cross sections such as flat roof, sloping roof, and arched roof, without damaging the basic support such as the frame support and anchor bolt support. Lifting rings are set around the top beam to facilitate overall hoisting during cyclical frame movement. The base is the bottom support component of the support device, which is a box-shaped structure composed of four main ribs, transverse ribs, and a bottom plate. Pull-out holes and lifting rings are set at the front and rear of the base to facilitate the pulling and moving of the support. In addition, side support plate connecting ears are set on both sides of the base. The side support plate is connected to the base through pin three. The side support plate can be disassembled and assembled as needed. During installation, it can increase the grounding area and improve stability. During disassembly, it can reduce the size of the equipment and facilitate transportation. The column and the top beam adopt a spherical fit and are connected to the top beam through pin one, pressure block, and pin two. The column and the base also adopt a spherical fit and are connected to the base through pressure plate and pin four, and are limited and fixed by a limiting plate.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0011] A novel design incorporates detachable side support plates on both sides of the base, increasing the ground contact area during use and reducing the overall width for easier transport. An innovative single-column support structure is also incorporated, resulting in a simple and compact design that eliminates the need for the four-bar linkage and shield beam structures found in traditional support systems, thus simplifying the support structure and shortening the overall size of the support device. The columns, top beam, and base utilize a spherical fit, ensuring optimal stress distribution. The top beam and columns have sufficient deflection angle to accommodate rectangular, arched, and trapezoidal roadway cross-sections, conforming to mine operators' usage habits and effectively withstanding mine pressure. The traditional step-by-step self-moving type has been replaced with a transport-type circulating support system, avoiding repeated roof support, thus maintaining roof stability and preventing premature roof breakage.

[0012] Compared to ordinary single hydraulic props, the initial support pressure is increased from 12MPa to 31.5MPa, and the initial support force is increased from 90kN to 2533kN. The roof support strength reaches up to 8MPa, which can effectively control roof subsidence and has strong support capabilities. It significantly reduces the weight of the support device, which is only 10% to 20% of that of traditional two-row roadway support devices. This greatly reduces the workload of moving the support device, improves the working environment for employees, and plays an important role in ensuring safe production and high efficiency. It can provide strong equipment support for safe production in coal mines, conforms to the development trend of roadway support devices, and has obvious advanced features.

[0013] Furthermore, the top beam includes main reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, a top plate, and a web, which are assembled and fixed together to form a box-shaped structure. By designing the top beam, the top of the tunnel can be supported.

[0014] Furthermore, the base includes main ribs, transverse ribs, and a bottom plate, which are assembled and fixed together to form a box-shaped structure. This base design provides support for the overall structure of the device.

[0015] Furthermore, the top beam and the column adopt a spherical fit, and lifting rings are set around all four sides of the top beam. By designing the spherical fit between the top beam and the column, the top beam and the column can be deflected.

[0016] Furthermore, the base is provided with pull holes and lifting rings at the front and rear, and connecting ears on both sides of the base. The pull holes and lifting rings facilitate the movement of the bracket, and the connecting ears facilitate the installation of the support plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the column and the base are fitted with a spherical joint. This spherical joint design allows for deflection between the column and the base.

[0018] Furthermore, the base, top beam, and side support plates are all equipped with transport holes and fixing holes. These transport holes and fixing holes facilitate safe loading and securing on the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a single support device for coal mine roadway support according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This utility model provides a single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support. Figure 1 Right view of the structure;

[0021] Figure 3 This utility model provides a single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support. Figure 1 Enlarged view of the top beam structure;

[0022] Figure 4 This utility model provides a single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support. Figure 2 Enlarged view of the base structure;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the base structure.

[0024] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include:

[0025] Top beam 1, base 2, side support plate 3, column 4, pin 1 5, pressure block 6, pin 2 7, pin 3 8, limit plate 9, pressure plate 10, pin 4 11. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a single support device for coal mine roadway support, including a top beam 1, a column 4, a first pin 5, and a second pin 7. The top beam 1 includes main reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, a top plate, and a web. The main reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, top plate, and web are combined and fixed to form a box-shaped structure. By designing the top beam 1, the top of the roadway can be supported. The column 4 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the top beam 1. The top beam 1 and the column 4 adopt a spherical fit. Lifting rings are set around the top beam 1. By designing the spherical fit between the top beam 1 and the column 4, the top beam 1 and the column 4 can be deflected. The other end of the column 4 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the column. The column 4 and the base 2 adopt a spherical fit. By designing the spherical fit between the column 4 and the base 2, the column 4 and the base 2 can be deflected.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the base 2 includes main ribs, transverse ribs, and a base plate. The main ribs, transverse ribs, and base plate are combined and fixed to form a box-shaped structure. The base 2 is designed to support the overall structure of the device. Two symmetrically distributed side support plates 3 are fixedly installed on both sides of the base 2. Pull-out holes and lifting rings are provided at the front and rear of the base 2. Connecting ears are provided on both sides of the base 2. The pull-out holes and lifting rings facilitate the pulling of the support. The connecting ears facilitate the installation of the side support plates 3. The upper spherical surface of the column 4 is fixed to the top beam 1 through a pin 1 5. A pressure block 6 is fixedly connected to the pin 1 5. The lower spherical surface of the column 4 is fixed to the base 2 through a pin 2 7. The pin 2 7 is fixedly connected to the top beam 1. The pressure block 6 is fixedly connected to the top beam 1.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a pin 8 is slidably sleeved inside the side support plate 3, and the pin 8 is fixedly connected to the base 2. A pressure plate 10 is provided inside the base 2, and the pressure plate 10 is fixedly connected to the column 4. A pin 11 is slidably sleeved inside the pressure plate 10, and the pin 11 is fixedly connected to the base 2. A limit plate 9 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base 2, and the limit plate 9 contacts the column 4. The base 2, the top beam 1, and the side support plate 3 are all provided with transport holes and fixing holes. The design of transport holes and fixing holes facilitates safe loading and fixing.

[0030] The specific implementation process of this utility model is as follows: The top beam 1 is designed with a Π-shaped steel beam and a groove structure. An innovative mechanical deflection limiting device is designed between the top beam 1 and the column 4, which can adapt to all shapes of roadway cross-sections, such as flat roofs, sloping roofs, and arched roofs, without damaging the foundation support such as the frame support and anchor bolt support. Lifting rings are installed around the top beam 1 for easy overall hoisting during cyclical frame movement. The base 2 is the bottom support component of the support device, consisting of a box-shaped structure composed of four main reinforcing bars, transverse reinforcing bars, and a base plate. Pull-out holes and lifting rings are provided at the front and rear of the base 2 for easy support. The frame can be moved. In addition, side support plate connecting ears are set on both sides of the base 2. The side support plate 3 is connected to the base 2 through the third pin 8. The side support plate 3 can be disassembled and assembled as needed. During installation, it can increase the grounding area and improve stability. During disassembly, it can reduce the size of the equipment and facilitate transportation. The column 4 and the top beam 1 adopt a spherical fit and are connected to the top beam 1 through the first pin 5, the pressure block 6, and the second pin 7. The column 4 and the base 2 both adopt a spherical fit and are connected to the base 2 through the pressure plate 10 and the fourth pin 11. The limit plate 9 is used for limiting and fixing.

[0031] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] The base features innovative detachable side support plates 3 on both sides, increasing the ground contact area during use and reducing the overall width for easier transport. A single-column support structure is also innovatively designed, resulting in a simple structure and compact size. This eliminates the need for the four-bar linkage and shield beam structures found in traditional support devices, maximizing the simplification of the support structure and shortening the overall size of the support device. The column 4, top beam 1, and base 2 utilize a spherical fit, ensuring good stress distribution among the column 4, top beam 1, and base 2. The top beam 1 and column 4 have sufficient deflection angles to adapt to rectangular, arched, and trapezoidal roadway cross-sections, conforming to mine operators' usage habits and effectively withstanding mine pressure. The traditional step-by-step self-moving type has been replaced with a transport-type circulating support system, avoiding repeated support of the roof, thus helping to maintain roof stability and preventing premature roof breakage.

[0033] Compared to ordinary single hydraulic props, the initial support pressure is increased from 12MPa to 31.5MPa, and the initial support force is increased from 90kN to 2533kN. The roof support strength reaches up to 8MPa, which can effectively control roof subsidence and has strong support capabilities. It significantly reduces the weight of the support device, which is only 10% to 20% of that of traditional two-row roadway support devices. This greatly reduces the workload of moving the support device, improves the working environment for employees, and plays an important role in ensuring safe production and high efficiency. It can provide strong equipment support for safe production in coal mines, conforms to the development trend of roadway support devices, and has obvious advanced features.

[0034] It should be noted in advance that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing" in this utility model should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support, comprising a top beam, a column, a first pin, and a second pin, characterized in that: The top beam has an internal spherical structure that mates with the upper spherical surface of the column. The lower spherical surface of the other end of the column mates with an internal spherical structure of the base. Two symmetrically distributed side support plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the base. The upper spherical surface of the column is fixed to the top beam via a first pin, and a pressure block is fixedly connected to the first pin. The lower spherical surface of the column is fixed to the base via a second pin, and the second pin is fixedly connected to the top beam. The pressure block is fixedly connected to the top beam. A third pin is slidably sleeved inside the side support plate and fixedly connected to the base. A pressure plate is provided inside the base and fixedly connected to the column. A fourth pin is slidably sleeved inside the pressure plate and fixedly connected to the base. A limit plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the base, and the limit plate contacts the column.

2. The single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam includes main reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, top plate and web, and the main reinforcement, transverse reinforcement, top plate and web are combined and fixed to form a box-shaped structure.

3. The single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base includes main ribs, transverse ribs and a bottom plate, which are combined and fixed together to form a box-shaped structure.

4. The single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top beam and the column are fitted with a spherical joint, and lifting rings are installed around the top beam.

5. The single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with pull holes and lifting rings at the front and rear, and connecting ears are provided on both sides of the base.

6. The single-unit support device for coal mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base, top beam, and side support plates are all provided with transport holes and fixing holes.

Images