Novel spiral classifier

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of graphite ore separation equipment, and provides a novel spiral classifier which comprises a groove body, one end of the groove body is upwards inclined, a spiral body is arranged in the groove body, the head end and the tail end of the groove body are communicated with a sand return channel and a flow guide channel respectively, and the middle of the groove body is communicated with a feeding port. An overflow port is formed between the tank body and the flow guide channel, and an air charging device is mounted in the feeding port; the inner wall of the tank body is rotationally connected with a driving shaft, the spiral body is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the driving shaft, and one end of the driving shaft extends to the outside of the tank body and is connected with external driving equipment; a height-adjustable overflow plate is arranged at the part, connected with the flow guide channel, of the tank body; by means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, in the circular grinding and grading process of graphite ore pulp, multiple times of grinding and grading greatly damage graphite flakes, and the value of flake graphite is reduced is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of graphite ore sorting equipment, and specifically relates to a novel spiral classifier that protects the large flake ratio of flake graphite. Background Technology

[0002] A spiral classifier is a piece of equipment used in mineral processing. It mechanically classifies solid particles based on their different specific gravities, which cause them to settle at different rates in a liquid. It classifies the ore ground in a ball mill. Fine particles overflow from the bottom weir and enter the flotation machine, while coarse particles are spiraled back into the ball mill feed inlet by the spiral classifier blades, forming a closed-loop grinding and classification system. The spiral classifier's drive mechanism rotates the spiral within the trough. The ground slurry enters the trough through the side feed inlet, forming a settling zone at the bottom. The slow-rotating spiral provides some agitation; after agitation, light and fine particles float to the top, overflowing from the overflow weir at the trough end and flowing into the next mineral processing stage. Heavy particles settle to the bottom, forming return sand, which is transported to the return sand outlet by the spiral blades and discharged. Spiral classifiers have a simple structure and are easy to operate. The classifying tanks have a large inclination angle, which facilitates gravity connection with grinding mills. They are widely used and have become the main mineral processing equipment in my country's mineral processing industry.

[0003] Flotation is a mineral processing method that separates minerals based on differences in their surface physicochemical properties. Before flotation, the ore is ground to the required particle size using a ball mill, ensuring that the valuable minerals are essentially liberated for separation, and flotation reagents are added. During flotation, air is introduced into the pulp, creating numerous air bubbles. Particles that are not easily wetted by water, commonly known as hydrophobic minerals, adhere to these bubbles and rise to the surface, forming a mineralized froth layer. Particles that are easily wetted by water, commonly known as hydrophilic minerals, do not adhere to the bubbles and remain in the pulp. The mineralized froth is then removed, achieving the separation process. Froth flotation is widely used industrially and is the most widely applied mineral processing method.

[0004] Because graphite has good natural floatability, multi-stage grinding and multiple separation flotation processes are currently used to select flake graphite as early as possible. However, multiple grinding and separation processes greatly damage the graphite flakes, reducing the value of flake graphite.

[0005] Therefore, reducing the number of grinding cycles for flake graphite and getting it into the flotation process as early as possible is an important way to protect the large flake ratio of graphite concentrate. However, when the material enters the spiral classifier after the first grinding stage, due to the flake-like characteristics of the graphite, most of it will be spun into the return sand zone along with the insufficiently ground and dissociated coarse material by the spiral classifier blades, returning to the ball mill feed inlet for re-grinding until it reaches the required final fineness before flotation, causing damage to the flake graphite.

[0006] Therefore, a new technical solution is urgently needed among existing technologies to solve this problem. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention proposes a novel spiral classifier that solves the problem in related technologies where multiple grinding and separation processes during the cyclic grinding and classification of graphite slurry significantly damage graphite flakes, thus reducing the value of the flake graphite.

[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A novel spiral classifier includes a trough, one end of which is inclined upwards, a spiral is provided inside the trough, a return sand channel and a guide channel are respectively connected to the two ends of the trough, a feed inlet is connected to the middle of the trough, an overflow port is provided between the trough and the guide channel, and an air inflation device is installed inside the feed inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the tank is rotatably connected to a drive shaft, the spiral is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft, and one end of the drive shaft extends to the outside of the tank and is connected to an external drive device.

[0010] Preferably, the portion of the tank that connects to the guide channel is equipped with an adjustable height overflow plate.

[0011] Preferably, the inflation device includes an inflation pump, which is installed on the outer wall of the tank, and an air outlet nozzle is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet. The output end of the inflation pump is fixedly connected to a spiral tube, which is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet and connects the air outlet nozzles in sequence.

[0012] Preferably, the air nozzles are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the feed inlet.

[0013] Preferably, the on / off state of the air nozzle is adjustable.

[0014] Preferably, the air outlet nozzle is provided with an external mounting housing, and the mounting housing of the air outlet nozzle is sealed through the feed inlet.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] This invention relates to a spiral classifier capable of preliminary flotation of flake graphite before classification. By adding an aeration device to the feed inlet of the spiral classifier and adding flotation reagents to the ball mill, the graphite is acted upon by the flotation reagents the instant it is dissociated in the ball mill. As a result, it is aerated and forms foam that floats on the surface of the slurry in the spiral classifier. This foam overflows from the top of the overflow plate along with the fine-grained ore and enters the flotation process. This allows for the early separation of a large amount of dissociated flake graphite, protecting it from excessive grinding damage, effectively increasing the content of large flake graphite, improving the value of flake graphite, and increasing the efficiency of graphite flotation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the entire utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is another overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inflation device in this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Tank;

[0023] 2. Drive shaft; 21. Helical body;

[0024] 3. Return sand channel;

[0025] 4. Guide channel; 41. Overflow port; 42. Overflow plate;

[0026] 5. Feed inlet;

[0027] 6. Inflation device; 61. Inflation pump; 62. Spiral tube; 63. Air outlet nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0029] Example

[0030] like Figures 1-4As shown, this embodiment proposes a novel spiral classifier, including a tank 1, one end of which is inclined upwards. A spiral 21 is installed inside the tank 1. The two ends of the tank 1 are connected to a return sand channel 3 and a guide channel 4, respectively. A feed inlet 5 is connected to the middle of the tank 1. An overflow port 41 is provided between the tank 1 and the guide channel 4. An aeration device 6 is installed inside the feed inlet 5. The graphite slurry from the ball mill enters the tank 1 through the feed inlet 5, so that the flake graphite monomers are instantly dissociated and acted upon by the reagent. Under the action of the aeration device 6, foam is formed and floats on the surface of the slurry. Along with the fine-grained ore, it overflows from the top of the overflow plate 42 and enters the flotation operation, thereby separating a large amount of dissociated flake graphite in advance.

[0031] A drive shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the tank 1. A spiral body 21 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft 2. One end of the drive shaft 2 extends to the outside of the tank 1 and is connected to an external drive device to push the insufficiently ground and dissociated coarse material into the return sand zone. An adjustable height overflow plate 42 is provided at the part of the tank 1 connected to the guide channel 4, which can be adjusted according to the liquid level to cooperate with the flotation operation. The aeration device 6 includes an aeration pump 61, which is installed on the outer wall of the tank 1. An air outlet nozzle 63 is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet 5. The output end of the aeration pump 61 is fixedly connected to a spiral tube 62. The spiral tube 62 is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet 5 and connects the air outlet nozzle 63 in sequence. After the aeration pump 61 is started, the air outlet nozzle 63 is connected to the spiral tube 62. The exhaust nozzle 63 sprays air inside the feed inlet 5, forming bubbles that adhere to the flake graphite. This allows the flake graphite to float to the surface with the fine-grained ore after entering the tank 1, thus pre-selecting a large amount of flake graphite. The exhaust nozzles 63 are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the feed inlet 5. The reasonable distribution of the exhaust nozzles 63 on the inner side of the feed inlet 5 ensures that the area where the air is sprayed and forms bubbles can cover the inner side of the feed inlet 5 during the flow of graphite slurry, improving the success rate of bubble adhesion to the flake graphite. The on / off state of the exhaust nozzles 63 is adjustable, allowing control of the operating exhaust nozzles 63 according to the amount of graphite slurry output. The exhaust nozzles 63 are equipped with an external mounting housing, which is sealed through the feed inlet 5 for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0032] In this embodiment, the appropriate amounts of inhibitors, collectors and modifiers used in flotation are added to the ball mill for grinding. During the process of the slurry after grinding entering the tank 1 through the feed inlet 5, the air pump 61 is turned on, and bubbles are generated in the inner cavity of the feed inlet 5 through the spirally arranged air nozzles 63. After the slurry enters the tank 1, the flake graphite floats up with the bubbles and floats on the surface of the liquid along with light and fine particles to form an overflow. After passing the overflow plate 42 at the tail of the tank 1, it flows into the next mineral processing step through the guide channel 4.

[0033] The coarse hydrophilic particles settle at the bottom of the tank to form return sand. After the drive shaft 2 drives the spiral body 21 to rotate, it drives the return sand to the head of the tank 1 and enters the return sand channel 3, which is then introduced into the ball mill for circulating grinding.

[0034] This method effectively reduces the phenomenon of flake graphite entering the return sand zone and being damaged by regrinding, increases the large flake graphite yield, increases the value of flake graphite, reduces the number of flake graphite grinding operations, and improves the efficiency of subsequent flotation operations.

[0035] When the graphite grade of the raw ore is 2.90%, a conventional spiral classifier is used as the classifying equipment in the grinding system. When the overflow fineness is -0.15mm and 60%, the graphite grade of the primary roughing concentrate + 50 mesh (large flake graphite) particle size is 12.79%, and the distribution rate in the concentrate is 5.18%.

[0036] When the novel spiral classifier described in this utility model is used, the grade of graphite rough concentrate with 50 mesh size in the first roughing stage is 13.28%, and the distribution rate in the concentrate is 7.87%, which is an increase of 46.00%.

[0037] When the graphite grade of the raw ore is 3.50%, a conventional spiral classifier is used as the classifying equipment in the grinding system. When the overflow fineness is -0.15mm and 60%, the graphite grade of the primary roughing concentrate + 50 mesh (large flake graphite) particle size is 15.60%, and the distribution rate in the concentrate is 5.65%.

[0038] When the novel spiral classifier described in this utility model is used, the grade of graphite rough concentrate with 50 mesh size is 17.25%, and the distribution rate in the concentrate is 8.36%, which is an increase of 48.00%.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel spiral classifier, characterized in that, The system includes a tank (1), one end of which is inclined upwards. A spiral (21) is provided inside the tank (1). The two ends of the tank (1) are connected to a return sand channel (3) and a guide channel (4), respectively. A feed inlet (5) is connected in the middle of the tank (1). An overflow port (41) is provided between the tank (1) and the guide channel (4). An air filling device (6) is installed inside the feed inlet (5).

2. The novel spiral classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the tank (1) is rotatably connected to a drive shaft (2), and the spiral body (21) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft (2). One end of the drive shaft (2) extends to the outside of the tank (1) and is connected to an external drive device.

3. A novel spiral classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portion of the tank (1) connected to the guide channel (4) is provided with an adjustable height overflow plate (42).

4. A novel spiral classifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inflation device (6) includes an inflation pump (61), which is installed on the outer wall of the tank (1). An air outlet nozzle (63) is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet (5). The output end of the inflation pump (61) is fixedly connected to a spiral tube (62), which is installed on the inner wall of the feed inlet (5) and connects the air outlet nozzle (63) in sequence.

5. A novel spiral classifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air nozzles (63) are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the feed inlet (5).

6. A novel spiral classifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The on / off state of the air outlet nozzle (63) can be adjusted.

7. A novel spiral classifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air nozzle (63) is provided with an external mounting housing, and the mounting housing of the air nozzle (63) is sealed through the feed inlet (5).

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