Multifunctional 3D printing device

Abstract

The multifunctional 3D printing device comprises a fixing mechanism, an extrusion amount mechanism, a steering mechanism and a replaceable spray head mechanism, the fixing mechanism is arranged at the input end of the extrusion amount mechanism, the extrusion amount mechanism comprises a flow guide barrel, a turbine, a Hall sensor and a magnetic rotor, and the turbine and the magnetic rotor are both rotationally connected into the flow guide barrel; the Hall sensor is embedded in the flow guide barrel and located on one side of the magnetic rotor. The steering mechanism is connected to the output end of the flow guide barrel, and the replaceable spray head mechanism is detachably connected to the steering mechanism. The device detects the material extrusion amount through the Hall sensor, regulates and controls the rotating speed of the turbine, and is accurate in regulation and control. And meanwhile, nozzles of different specifications can be rapidly and conveniently replaced through the replaceable nozzle mechanism, the device is compatible with standardized industrial nozzles, extrusion parameters can be flexibly configured according to different engineering specification requirements, the device can be highly suitable for printing in various environments, the application scene is widened, and the engineering applicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printing, and more specifically, to a multifunctional 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] Compared to traditional casting processes, 3D printing technology offers significant advantages: firstly, it eliminates the mold preparation stage; secondly, it reduces reliance on manual labor through automated production; and thirdly, it effectively shortens the construction cycle. Especially against the backdrop of an aging population and continuously rising labor costs, this technology is becoming a crucial driving force for the intelligent transformation of the construction industry.

[0003] Despite the progress made in 3D printing technology for construction, several technical bottlenecks remain in practical applications: First, the industrial control precision of concrete extrusion volume is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the requirements of laboratory-level precision testing; second, the limited modularity of the printing nozzles leads to inefficient replacement during switching between operating conditions. These shortcomings severely restrict the engineering applicability and promotion potential of this technology. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a multifunctional 3D printing device that can improve printing accuracy and has the function of quick nozzle replacement.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a multifunctional 3D printing device, including a fixing mechanism, an extrusion dispensing mechanism, a steering mechanism, and a replaceable nozzle mechanism. The fixing mechanism is located at the input end of the extrusion dispensing mechanism, which includes a guide barrel, a turbine, a Hall sensor, and a magnetic rotor. The turbine and the magnetic rotor are rotatably connected inside the guide barrel. The Hall sensor is embedded inside the guide barrel and is located on one side of the magnetic rotor. The steering mechanism is connected to the output end of the guide barrel, and the replaceable nozzle mechanism is detachably connected to the steering mechanism.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the steering mechanism includes a connecting cylinder and a rotary driver; the connecting cylinder is connected to the output end of the guide barrel, the rotary driver is fixed to the bottom of the connecting cylinder, the bottom of the rotary driver is the connecting cylinder extrusion port, a connecting groove is provided on the outer side of the connecting cylinder, and a fixing port is provided on the connecting groove.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the replaceable nozzle mechanism includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve. The second sleeve is fitted over the first sleeve. A plurality of steel balls are embedded in the first sleeve. A nozzle is connected to the bottom of the first sleeve. The first sleeve is fitted over the connecting cylinder, and the steel balls are adapted to the fixing port.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the second sleeve and the first sleeve are connected by a spring.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a push-button buckle is provided on the outside of the second sleeve.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing ring and fixing screws. The fixing ring is fixed to the top of the guide barrel, and multiple fixing screws are threaded onto the fixing ring.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a display is connected to the front end of the flow guide barrel.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, a horizontal laser rangefinder is provided on one side of the flow guide barrel.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the turbine blade inclination angle is 45°.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of this invention, the magnetic rotor is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] This invention provides a multifunctional 3D printing device that supports precise control of extrusion volume. It uses a Hall sensor to detect the material extrusion volume and adjusts the turbine rotation speed accordingly. Furthermore, the device features a replaceable nozzle mechanism that allows for quick and easy replacement of different nozzle specifications, is compatible with standardized industrial nozzles, and allows for flexible configuration of extrusion parameters according to various engineering requirements. This device is highly adaptable to printing in diverse environments, broadening its application scenarios and enhancing its engineering applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multifunctional 3D printing device provided in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism and the fixing mechanism;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extrusion mechanism;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the replaceable nozzle mechanism;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the replaceable nozzle mechanism for other models and specifications.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. Fixing mechanism; 11. Fixing ring; 12. Fixing screw; 2. Extrusion mechanism; 21. Guide barrel; 22. Turbine; 23. Hall sensor; 24. Magnetic rotor; 3. Steering mechanism; 31. Connecting cylinder; 32. Rotary driver; 33. Connecting cylinder extrusion port; 34. Fixing port; 4. Display; 5. Horizontal laser rangefinder; 6. Replaceable nozzle mechanism; 61. First sleeve; 62. Second sleeve; 63. Nozzle; 64. Steel ball; 65. Press-type buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment provides a multifunctional 3D printing device, including a fixing mechanism 1, an extrusion dispensing mechanism 2, a steering mechanism 3, and a replaceable nozzle mechanism 6. The fixing mechanism 1 is disposed at the input end of the extrusion dispensing mechanism 2. The extrusion dispensing mechanism 2 includes a guide barrel 21, a turbine 22, a Hall sensor 23, and a magnetic rotor 24. The turbine 22 and the magnetic rotor 24 are both rotatably connected to the guide barrel 21. The Hall sensor 23 is embedded inside the guide barrel 21 and is located on one side of the magnetic rotor 24. A guide groove is provided inside the guide barrel 21. The steering mechanism 3 is connected to the output end of the guide barrel 21, and the replaceable nozzle mechanism 6 is detachably connected to the steering mechanism 3.

[0027] The device is connected to the extrusion port of the 3D printer via a fixing mechanism 1, and the overall level of the device is calibrated using a level to ensure subsequent printing accuracy. Cement-based material is injected into the flow guide tank 21, and the material flow drives the turbine 22 to rotate. The magnetic rotor 24 rotates synchronously with the turbine 22, cutting the magnetic field of the Hall sensor 23. The Hall sensor 23 has a sampling frequency of 1kHz and a flow resolution of 0.1mL / s, generating a pulse signal proportional to the flow rate. The flow data is displayed in real time on the display 4. The signal line outputs waveforms; the higher the cement flow rate, the faster the rotor speed, resulting in a higher frequency waveform. The signal is transmitted externally, and the operator monitors the flow data in real time based on the 0.1mL / s resolution, adjusting the material supply speed as needed to ensure stable flow. By identifying flow fluctuation patterns, the risk of blockage in the flow guide tank 21 can be predicted, triggering a cleaning prompt in advance.

[0028] If an abnormal flow rate is detected during printing, such as fluctuations greater than ±5%, printing should be paused and the spiral guide grooves on the inner wall of the guide barrel 21 checked for blockages or if the turbine 22 is stuck. Flow stability can be restored by adjusting the material supply pressure or clearing the channels.

[0029] Furthermore, the steering mechanism 3 includes a connecting cylinder 31 and a rotary driver 32; the connecting cylinder 31 is connected to the output end of the guide barrel 21, the rotary driver 32 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting cylinder 31, the bottom of the rotary driver 32 is the connecting cylinder extrusion port 33, the outer side of the connecting cylinder 31 is provided with a connecting groove, and a fixing port 34 is opened on the connecting groove.

[0030] Furthermore, the replaceable nozzle mechanism 6 includes a first sleeve 61 and a second sleeve 62. The second sleeve 62 is sleeved outside the first sleeve 61. The first sleeve 61 is embedded with a plurality of steel balls 64. The bottom of the first sleeve 61 is connected to a nozzle 63. The first sleeve 61 is sleeved outside the connecting cylinder 31, and the steel balls 64 are adapted to the fixing port 34.

[0031] The rotation angle between the connecting cylinder extrusion port 33 and the nozzle 63 is controlled from 0 to 360° by the rotary driver 32. For example, when printing a right-angle wall, the direction of the base nozzle is adjusted to be vertical.

[0032] Multiple fixing ports 34 are provided on the connecting groove for mechanical locking. In this embodiment, there is one fixing port 34 every 90°. During connection, the second sleeve 62 is pushed down from the first sleeve 61, the first sleeve 61 is inserted into the connecting cylinder 31, and the steel ball 64 is inserted into the fixing port 34. Then, the second sleeve 62 is released, and the second sleeve 62 returns to its original position, pressing the steel ball 64 into the fixing port 34, thus completing the locking. When changing the nozzle, simply press the second sleeve 62 down, the steel ball 64 disengages from the fixing port 34, and the current nozzle is removed. Align the first sleeve 61 of the new nozzle (5-20mm in diameter) with the extrusion port 33 of the connecting cylinder, push it in, and then release the second sleeve 62. The steel ball 64 is then embedded in the fixing port 34, completing the locking.

[0033] Furthermore, the second sleeve 62 is connected to the first sleeve 61 by a spring. The spring allows the second sleeve 62 to reset and re-sleeve over the first sleeve 61 when no external force is applied.

[0034] Furthermore, a push-button buckle 65 is provided on the outside of the second sleeve 62.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism 1 includes a fixing ring 11 and fixing screws 12. The fixing ring 11 is fixed to the top of the guide barrel 21, and multiple fixing screws 12 are threaded onto the fixing ring 11. The fixing ring 11 is fitted onto the extrusion nozzle of the 3D printer, and then the fixing screws 12 are tightened to press them onto the printer extrusion nozzle. The fixing screws 12 use M6 fine threads, with an adjustable stroke of 0-15mm. The fixing ring 11 and fixing screws 12 are compatible with extrusion nozzles with a diameter of 20-50mm, enhancing connection stability.

[0036] Furthermore, a display 4 is connected to the front end of the flow guide 21.

[0037] Furthermore, a horizontal laser rangefinder 5 is installed on one side of the flow guide hopper 21. During printing, the horizontal laser rangefinder 5 is activated, the dual-axis tilt sensor detects the horizontal deviation of the device, and the laser emitter measures the distance between the nozzle and the printed layer. Based on the feedback data, the nozzle height is automatically or manually adjusted to ensure that the thickness error of each layer is ≤0.5mm. After each layer is printed, the horizontal laser rangefinder 5 automatically scans the height of the printed surface and feeds the data back to the control system. The system adjusts the nozzle lifting motor in real time according to the preset layer height to compensate for height deviations and ensure consistent layer thickness.

[0038] Furthermore, the blade inclination angle of turbine 22 is 45°.

[0039] Furthermore, the magnetic rotor 24 is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnets.

[0040] This invention provides a multifunctional 3D printing device that effectively solves key technical bottlenecks in traditional architectural 3D printing, such as insufficient extrusion accuracy, low nozzle replacement efficiency, and inaccurate layer height control, through the synergistic innovation of a modular nozzle system, a digital extrusion volume control unit, and intelligent distance adjustment technology. The device adopts a standardized interface design, adapting to various industrial scenarios and supporting dual-state applications: laboratory-level precision testing and engineering-level high-efficiency printing. Its laser ranging and real-time feedback mechanism significantly improves the uniformity of printed layer thickness, while the combination of the press-type latch and the steering mechanism 3 greatly optimizes the flexibility and stability of multi-directional printing. This device provides reliable technical support for the standardization and intelligent development of building additive manufacturing technology, and has significant engineering application value in reducing construction costs, shortening construction cycles, and expanding the construction capabilities of complex structures. It is of great significance for promoting the digital transformation of the construction industry.

[0041] Other techniques in this embodiment are based on existing technologies.

[0042] This utility model has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. This utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multifunctional 3D printing device, characterized in that: It includes a fixing mechanism (1), an extrusion metering mechanism (2), a steering mechanism (3), and a replaceable nozzle mechanism (6). The fixing mechanism (1) is located at the input end of the extrusion metering mechanism (2). The extrusion mechanism (2) includes a guide barrel (21), a turbine (22), a Hall sensor (23), and a magnetic rotor (24). The turbine (22) and the magnetic rotor (24) are rotatably connected inside the guide barrel (21). The Hall sensor (23) is embedded inside the guide barrel (21) and is located on one side of the magnetic rotor (24). The steering mechanism (3) is connected to the output end of the guide barrel (21), and the replaceable nozzle mechanism (6) is detachably connected to the steering mechanism (3).

2. The multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steering mechanism (3) includes a connecting cylinder (31) and a rotary drive (32); The connecting cylinder (31) is connected to the output end of the guide barrel (21), the rotary driver (32) is fixed to the bottom of the connecting cylinder (31), the bottom of the rotary driver (32) is the connecting cylinder extrusion port (33), the outer side of the connecting cylinder (31) is provided with a connecting groove, and a fixing port (34) is opened on the connecting groove.

3. The multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The replaceable nozzle mechanism (6) includes a first sleeve (61) and a second sleeve (62). The second sleeve (62) is fitted outside the first sleeve (61). The first sleeve (61) is embedded with a plurality of steel balls (64). The bottom of the first sleeve (61) is connected to a nozzle (63). The first sleeve (61) is fitted outside the connecting cylinder (31), and the steel balls (64) are adapted to the fixing port (34).

4. The multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second sleeve (62) is connected to the first sleeve (61) by a spring.

5. A multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second sleeve (62) is provided with a push-button buckle (65).

6. The multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (1) includes a fixing ring (11) and fixing screws (12). The fixing ring (11) is fixed to the top of the guide barrel (21), and multiple fixing screws (12) are threaded onto the fixing ring (11).

7. The multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the flow guide (21) is connected to a display (4).

8. A multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal laser rangefinder (5) is installed on one side of the flow guide barrel (21).

9. A multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade inclination angle of the turbine (22) is 45°.

10. A multifunctional 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic rotor (24) is made of neodymium iron boron permanent magnet.

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