Device for purifying water quality of surface water body in situ

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a device for purifying water quality of a surface water body in situ. The device comprises an autotrophic nitrogen removal layer, a fluidized filler layer, a water inlet layer and an aeration system. The device integrates an aerobic nitrification biological membrane and an autotrophic denitrification biological membrane, can effectively separate the aerobic environment from the anoxic environment through the structural arrangement, and simultaneously efficiently enriches specific functional strains in the aerobic and anoxic areas by using the flow-separation balls and the plastic filler respectively, so that pollutants such as nitrogen in a surface water body can be effectively removed in situ, and the sewage treatment efficiency is improved. The long-term purification of water is realized; the used flow-separation ball packing structure and the arranged air impact device also ensure the performance of no blockage in long-term operation; the device is simple in structure, convenient to use, easy to maintain and manage in the later period and wide in application range, and has great reference value and guiding significance on purification of the surface water body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water treatment, specifically to a device for in-situ purification of surface water. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the direct input of high-load nitrogen-containing wastewater and the relatively weak self-purification capacity of natural water bodies, pollutants such as nitrogen continue to accumulate in surface water bodies. More and more surface water sources are gradually transforming from oligotrophic and mesotrophic states to eutrophic states. Large amounts of algae grow in the water bodies, water quality deteriorates, which seriously affects the resource value of surface water and endangers the growth of aquatic organisms and human health.

[0003] Currently, among the methods for treating and remediating surface water pollution in my country, biological / ecological remediation methods are widely popular due to their advantages such as being non-toxic, harmless, causing no secondary pollution, and being eco-friendly. These methods mainly include land treatment, microbial enhancement, and constructed wetlands. Furthermore, these methods often apply biofilm technology to surface water remediation, essentially transforming the natural process into a combination of natural and artificial processes. However, they still suffer from drawbacks such as susceptibility to clogging, low pollutant treatment efficiency, and complex treatment technologies.

[0004] For example, invention patent application number CN 202111226871.1 discloses "an autotrophic denitrification constructed wetland for treating low C / N wastewater", which includes an aerobic zone and an anaerobic zone arranged from top to bottom. The aerobic zone is equipped with ceramsite filler, and the anaerobic zone is equipped with a first filler layer of sulfur, a second filler layer of zeolite, and a third filler layer of pebbles arranged from top to bottom. The first filler layer uses sulfur filler and adopts the principle of sulfur autotrophic denitrification, which does not require the addition of external carbon source and saves the addition cost. However, the arrangement of fillers in the aerobic and anaerobic zones and the layout of aeration devices make the wetland prone to clogging, which will affect the treatment effect in the long run.

[0005] For example, patent CN202221580031.5 discloses "a sulfur autotrophic denitrification and phosphorus removal device for tailwater treatment," which is divided into an inlet zone, a denitrification and phosphorus removal zone, and an outlet zone from bottom to top. The denitrification and phosphorus removal zone is sequentially equipped with a supporting filter plate I, a support layer, a composite denitrification filter media layer, and a supporting filter plate II. The support layer includes a pebble layer, a quartz sand layer, and a sponge iron layer located above the supporting filter plate I, for primary denitrification and phosphorus removal. The composite denitrification filter media layer is filled with composite denitrification filter media, which includes sulfur, pyrite, and limestone, for secondary denitrification and phosphorus removal. However, this device cannot remove ammonia nitrogen from the water, and its applicability is limited.

[0006] This invention integrates aerobic nitrification and autotrophic denitrification biofilms. By using biofilm packing material, it can effectively purify surface water in situ while avoiding clogging problems, providing some ideas and technical support for actual surface water remediation. Utility Model Content

[0007] In response to the problems of difficult removal of pollutants such as nitrogen from surface water, water quality deterioration, and easy algal blooms, this utility model provides an in-situ purification device for surface water.

[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0009] The device consists of four parts: an autotrophic denitrification layer, a fluidized packing layer, an inlet water layer, and an aeration system. The autotrophic denitrification layer is filled with free-floating ball packing, the fluidized packing layer is filled with plastic packing, the inlet water layer includes an inlet pipe, a filter disc, and an outlet pipe, and the aeration system includes an aeration pipe, an air flushing pipe, an air lift pipe, a water and air distribution disc, an aeration valve, and a backwash valve.

[0010] The height-to-diameter ratio of the device is 2~3.5:1, and the height ratio of the autotrophic denitrification layer, fluidized packing layer, and inlet water layer is 1:1.5~2.0:0.2~0.4.

[0011] The diameter of the free-floating ball packing is 60~120 mm, and the filling rate of the free-floating ball packing in the autotrophic denitrification layer is 60~80%.

[0012] The free-floating ball packing is filled with composite particles, which are one or more of sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron. When the composite particles contain sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron, the volume ratio of sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron is 3~5:0.5~1:1. The diameter of the composite particles is 3~6 mm, and the filling rate in the free-floating ball is 70~90%. The sulfur particles, pyrite, and / or sponge iron in the composite particles can serve as biofilm carriers, enriching functional bacteria such as autotrophic denitrifying bacteria. They are all reducing substances themselves, and under anaerobic conditions, they can reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas to achieve the autotrophic denitrification process.

[0013] The plastic filler is a high molecular polymer material, preferably one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride, and the density of the plastic filler is 0.96~1.10 g / cm³. 3 With a diameter of 25~80 mm, the fluidized packing layer has a filling ratio of 40~60%, and can achieve a fluidized state under aeration.

[0014] The aeration pipes of the aeration system provide oxygen to the fluidized packing layer, ensuring an aerobic environment for the fluidized packing layer to rapidly enrich functional bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria, thereby achieving effective oxidation and removal of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter. The air flushing pipes can periodically perform air flushing backwashing on the fluidized ball packing and filter discs, washing away excess biofilm, suspended solids and other substances adhering to the surface of the fluidized ball packing and filter discs. The flushing water is discharged into the background environment of the water body through the outlet pipe.

[0015] The filter disc includes a filter screen with a pore size of 1-2 mm and a sponge iron on the filter screen. The sponge iron has a diameter of 3-5 mm. While serving as a filter medium, the sponge iron can also eliminate dissolved oxygen in the water entering the autotrophic denitrification layer, ensuring the hypoxic environment of the autotrophic denitrification layer.

[0016] The device utilizes the airlift principle for water intake. By opening the aeration valve, water enters the device through the inlet pipe. After being filtered and deoxygenated by the filter disc, it enters the autotrophic denitrification layer for autotrophic denitrification. The water from the autotrophic denitrification layer then flows evenly into the fluidized packing layer through the airlift pipe and the water and air distribution disc for aerobic reaction. The aerobic effluent flows out from the effluent disc and enters the background water environment, before re-entering the device for recycling.

[0017] The aeration valve is normally open. When backwashing is performed, the aeration valve is closed and the backwash valve is opened. After backwashing is completed, the backwash valve is closed and the aeration valve is opened again.

[0018] The device is installed in a fully submerged manner, with a single device serving an effective area of ​​300-500 square meters. The number of devices installed depends on the specific conditions of the water body to be treated.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This device integrates aerobic nitrification and autotrophic denitrification biofilms. Through its structural design, it can effectively separate aerobic and anoxic environments. Simultaneously, different biofilm packing materials are used in the aerobic and anoxic zones to efficiently enrich specific functional bacteria, enabling in-situ effective removal of pollutants from surface water and achieving long-term water purification. The configuration of the free-floating ball packing material and the air-flushing device ensure that the device operates without clogging over long periods. The in-situ purification of this device saves the floor space required for additional facilities in off-site treatment, and its simple construction, ease of use, and convenient maintenance and management make it widely applicable. It has significant reference value and guiding significance for the purification of surface water. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A device for in-situ purification of surface water quality

[0021] Attached Figure

[0022] 1-Self-aeration denitrification layer; 2-Fluidized packing layer; 3-Fluidized ball packing; 4-Plastic packing; 5-Aeration pipe; 6-Air flushing pipe; 7-Air lift pipe; 8-Water and air distribution disc; 9-Outlet disc; 10-Inlet pipe; 11-Filter disc; 12-Sponge iron; 13-Outlet pipe; 14-Aeration valve; 15-Backwash valve Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0024] This utility model discloses an in-situ purification device for surface water quality, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific description is as follows: The device consists of four parts: an autotrophic denitrification layer 1, a fluidized packing layer 2, an inlet water layer, and an aeration system. The autotrophic denitrification layer 1 is filled with free-floating ball packing 3, the fluidized packing layer 2 is filled with plastic packing 4, the inlet water layer includes an inlet pipe 10, a filter disc 11, and an outlet pipe 13, and the aeration system includes an aeration pipe 5, an air flushing pipe 6, an air lift pipe 7, a water and air distribution disc 8, an aeration valve 14, and a backwash valve 15.

[0025] The height-to-diameter ratio of the device is 2~3.5:1, and the height ratio of the autotrophic denitrification layer 1, the fluidized packing layer 2 and the influent layer is 1:1.5~2.0:0.2~0.4.

[0026] The autotrophic denitrification layer 1 is filled with free-floating ball packing 3, which has a filling rate of 60-80% and a diameter of 60-120 mm.

[0027] The free-flowing ball packing 3 is filled with composite particles, which are one or more of sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron. When the composite particles contain sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron, the volume ratio of sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron is 3~5:0.5~1:1. The diameter of the composite particles is 3~6 mm, and the filling rate in the free-flowing ball packing 3 is 70~90%. The sulfur particles, pyrite, and / or sponge iron in the composite particles can serve as biofilm carriers, enriching functional bacteria such as autotrophic denitrifying bacteria. They are all reducing substances themselves, and under anaerobic conditions, they can reduce nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas to achieve the autotrophic denitrification process.

[0028] The plastic filler 4 is a high molecular polymer material, preferably one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride, and the density of the plastic filler is 0.96~1.10 g / cm³. 3 With a diameter of 25~80 mm, the fluidized packing layer has a filling ratio of 40~60%, and can achieve a fluidized state under aeration.

[0029] The aeration pipe 5 of the aeration system provides oxygen to the fluidized packing layer 2, ensuring an aerobic environment for the fluidized packing layer 2, so as to quickly enrich functional bacteria such as nitrifying bacteria and achieve effective oxidation and removal of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter; the air flushing pipe 6 can periodically air flush the free-floating ball packing 3 and filter disc 11 to wash away excess biofilm, suspended solids and other substances adhering to the surface of the free-floating ball packing 3 and filter disc 11, and the flushing water is discharged into the background environment of the water body through the outlet pipe 13.

[0030] The filter disc 11 includes a filter screen with a pore size of 1-2 mm and a sponge iron 12 on the filter screen. The sponge iron 12 has a diameter of 3-5 mm. While serving as a filter material, the sponge iron 12 can also eliminate dissolved oxygen in the water entering the autotrophic denitrification layer 1, thus ensuring the hypoxic environment of the autotrophic denitrification layer 1.

[0031] The device utilizes the airlift principle for water intake. By opening the aeration valve 14, water enters the device through the inlet pipe 10. After being filtered and deoxygenated by the filter disc 11, the water enters the autotrophic denitrification layer 1 for autotrophic denitrification. The water from the autotrophic denitrification layer 1 is evenly fed into the fluidized packing layer 2 through the airlift pipe 7 and the water and air distribution disc 8 for aerobic reaction. The aerobic effluent flows out through the effluent disc 9 and enters the background water environment. Then, it enters the device again through the inlet pipe 10 for circulation treatment.

[0032] The aeration valve 14 is normally open. When backwashing is performed, the aeration valve 14 is closed and the backwash valve 15 is opened. After backwashing is completed, the backwash valve 15 is closed and the aeration valve 14 is opened again.

[0033] The device is completely submerged in the surface water body to be treated. The effective service area of ​​a single device is 300 to 500 square meters, and the number of devices installed depends on the specific conditions of the water body to be treated. Example 1

[0034] A certain river is about 11 km long, 15 m wide, and 1.0-2.5 m deep. Due to long-term external pollution, the water quality is classified as Class V or worse. The specific pollutant concentrations are: annual average ammonia nitrogen concentration 1.25 mg / L, total nitrogen concentration 1.87 mg / L, and COD concentration 25.89 mg / L.

[0035] The device of this invention is used to remediate the water quality of the river. The device has a height-to-diameter ratio of 3.5:1, and the height ratio of the autotrophic denitrification layer, fluidized bed packing layer, and influent layer is 1:2.0:0.2. The autotrophic denitrification layer is filled with 80% free-floating sphere packing material, each 60 mm in diameter. The free-floating sphere packing material contains composite particles of sulfur granules and sponge iron, with a volume ratio of sulfur granules to sponge iron of 3:1 and a diameter of 3 mm, achieving a 70% filling rate within the free-floating spheres. The fluidized bed packing layer is filled with 60% plastic packing material, specifically polyethylene packing material with a density of 0.96 g / cm³. 3 The diameter is 25 mm. 330 of these devices were installed in the river channel.

[0036] After using this device to treat the river water for a period of time, the water quality changes were monitored regularly. The annual average pollutant concentration was significantly reduced. The specific water quality indicators were: annual average ammonia nitrogen concentration 0.33 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen concentration 0.52 mg / L, total nitrogen concentration 0.97 mg / L, and COD concentration 18.46 mg / L. Example 2

[0037] A certain pond has a water area of ​​approximately 2400 square meters and a water depth of approximately 1.5 m. Due to external and internal pollution, the water body has been turbid for a long time and algae blooms frequently. After long-term monitoring, the pollutant concentrations in the water body are as follows: annual average ammonia nitrogen concentration 1.14 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen concentration 2.75 mg / L, total nitrogen concentration 4.27 mg / L, and COD concentration 56.78 mg / L.

[0038] The device of this invention is used to remediate the water quality of the river. The device has a height-to-diameter ratio of 2:1, and the height ratio of the autotrophic denitrification layer, fluidized bed packing layer, and influent layer is 1:1.5:0.4. The autotrophic denitrification layer is filled with 60% free-floating sphere packing material, each 120 mm in diameter. The free-floating sphere packing material contains composite particles of sulfur particles and pyrite, with a volume ratio of sulfur particles to pyrite of 5:1 and a diameter of 6 mm, achieving a 90% filling rate within the spheres. The fluidized bed packing layer is filled with 40% plastic packing material, consisting of polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) packing material, with a volume ratio of PVC to PVC packing material of 1:1.6 and an average density of 1.05 g / cm³. 3 It has a diameter of 80 mm. Eight of these devices were installed in the river channel.

[0039] After using the device to treat the pond water for a period of time, the water quality was monitored regularly. The annual average pollutant concentrations were significantly reduced, specifically: annual average ammonia nitrogen concentration of 0.28 mg / L, nitrate nitrogen concentration of 0.76 mg / L, total nitrogen concentration of 1.17 mg / L, and COD concentration of 21.77 mg / L.

[0040] Examples 1 and 2 demonstrate the remediation of different surface water bodies using an in-situ surface water purification device of this invention. The concentrations of COD and nitrogenous pollutants in the water bodies were significantly reduced, reaching Class III to IV standards of GB3838-2002 "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard," achieving excellent pollutant removal results. Furthermore, the device is not prone to clogging during long-term operation, is simple to maintain and manage, and can ensure the long-term stable compliance of surface water quality standards, making it highly valuable for widespread application.

Claims

1. A device for purifying water quality of a surface water body in situ, characterized in that: The device consists of four parts: an autotrophic denitrification layer (1), a fluidized packing layer (2), an inlet water layer, and an aeration system. The aeration system includes an aeration pipe (5), an air flushing pipe (6), an air lifting pipe (7), a water and air distribution plate (8), an aeration valve (14), and a backwash valve (15). The autotrophic denitrification layer (1) is filled with free-floating ball packing (3), and the fluidized packing layer (2) is filled with plastic packing (4); the free-floating ball packing (3) is filled with composite particles, which are one of sulfur particles, pyrite, and sponge iron; the plastic packing (4) is a high molecular polymer material, which is one of polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride.

2. A device for in-situ remediation of water quality of surface water bodies as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The height-to-diameter ratio of the device is 2~3.5:1, and the height ratio of the self-nourishing denitrification layer (1), the fluidized packing layer (2) to the inlet water layer is 1:1.5~2.0:0.2~0.

4.

3. An apparatus for in-situ remediation of water quality of surface water bodies as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The free-floating ball packing (3) has a filling rate of 60-80% in the autotrophic denitrification layer (1) and a diameter of 60-120 mm.

4. The device for in-situ purification of surface water quality as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the composite particles filled in the free-flowing ball packing (3) is 3~6 mm, and the filling rate in the free-flowing ball packing (3) is 70~90%.

5. An apparatus for in situ remediation of water quality of a surface water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The density of the plastic filler (4) is 0.96-1.10 g / cm 3 The diameter is 25-80 mm, and the filling ratio in the fluidized filler layer (2) is 40-60%.

6. An apparatus for in situ remediation of water quality of a surface water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The water intake method of this device is based on the principle of air lifting. When the aeration valve (14) is opened, the water enters through the inlet pipe (10), passes through the filter plate (11) and enters the autotrophic denitrification layer (1) for autotrophic denitrification. The water in the autotrophic denitrification layer (1) is evenly fed into the fluidized packing layer (2) through the air lifting pipe (7) and the water and air distribution plate (8) for aerobic reaction. The aerobic effluent flows out from the effluent plate (9) and enters the water body background environment, and then enters the device for circulation treatment.

7. An apparatus for in situ remediation of water quality of a surface water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The aeration pipe (5) of the aeration system provides oxygen to the fluidized packing layer (2), and the air flushing pipe (6) periodically flushes the free-floating ball packing (3) and the filter disc (11); the filter disc (11) includes a filter screen and a sponge iron (12) with a diameter of 3~5 mm set on the filter screen.

8. An apparatus for in situ remediation of water quality of a surface water body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The device is installed in a fully submerged manner, and the effective service area of ​​a single device is 300-500 square meters.

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