Retaining wall capable of improving anti-overturning capacity

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and provides a retaining wall capable of increasing anti-overturning capacity, which comprises a wall surface (1), a wall back (2), a base (3) and a wall top (4), the wall surface (1) and the wall back (2) are respectively positioned above the base (3) and are opposite to each other, the wall top (4) is opposite to the base (3) and is positioned on the top surfaces of the wall surface (1) and the wall back (2), a wall toe (5) is arranged on the wall surface (1), and the wall toe (5) is arranged on the base (3). And the bottom surfaces of the wall toes (5) are parallel to the bottom surface of the base (3). According to the retaining wall capable of improving the anti-overturning capacity, the anti-overturning moment of the retaining wall is relatively increased, and the anti-overturning capacity is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and more specifically to a retaining wall that increases its resistance to overturning. Background Technology

[0002] Retaining walls are structures that support roadbed fill or hillside soil, preventing deformation and instability of the fill or soil. The most common type is the gravity retaining wall, which relies on its own weight to resist lateral soil pressure. It can be constructed using masonry materials such as rubble, flagstone, or precast concrete blocks, or by integrally casting rubble concrete or regular concrete. Due to the high fill height, significant soil pressure, and large masonry work, retaining walls are prone to foundation deformation, resulting in low overturning resistance and poor practicality.

[0003] CN 201546238U discloses a gravity-reinforced retaining wall, comprising a wall face, a wall body, a wall back, and a foundation. The wall back is equipped with a tie rod device, one end of which is connected to the wall back via a connecting structure, and the remaining part extends into the supported soil, becoming integral with the supported soil. This prior art, by installing a tie rod device behind the gravity retaining wall, allows the tie rod device to work together with the backfill soil, significantly improving the overturning resistance of the gravity retaining wall and thus meeting seismic requirements. However, this prior art increases the amount of construction work due to the addition of the tie rod device and the need to connect it to the wall back.

[0004] CN 104631491 A discloses a method and structure for improving the stress performance of a retaining wall. The method includes a retaining wall with a platform plate horizontally installed on the back side of the wall, extending the length of the platform plate to the sliding surface of a sliding soil wedge on the back of the wall. This prior art, by fabricating a platform plate on the back side of a conventional retaining wall, forms a pressure-reducing structure, which can reduce the overturning soil pressure on the back of the wall and enhance the overturning resistance of the retaining wall, improve the stress performance of the retaining wall, and reduce the wall construction height, thereby saving wall material usage and reducing construction time. However, this prior art requires the construction of a platform plate, increasing the workload.

[0005] CN 203531008 U discloses a ribbed reinforcement structure for retaining walls, comprising a retaining wall, ribs, strip foundations, a cushion layer, and a capping beam. The strip foundations are laid on the top surface of the cushion layer. Ribs are evenly distributed on the top surface of the strip foundations. The longitudinal section of each rib is trapezoidal, with its outer surface being a rib slope and its inner surface connected to the existing retaining wall surface. The top surface of the ribs is flush with the top surface of the retaining wall, and a capping beam is erected on the top surface of the ribs. This prior art increases the overturning and sliding stability of the retaining wall by setting multiple sets of ribs, significantly improving the safety factor and service life of the retaining wall. However, this prior art ribbed reinforcement structure for retaining walls increases the construction workload and cost.

[0006] CN 208072452 U discloses a retaining wall structure for expansive soil road cuts, comprising: precast driven piles, installed in the foundation at the toe of the expansive soil road cut slope, with their tops protruding above the ground at a certain height; a retaining wall structure, cast in place at the toe of the expansive soil slope, and cast together with the exposed precast driven piles; and a filter layer, disposed between the back of the retaining wall structure and the slope surface of the expansive soil slope. This prior art uses precast driven piles embedded in the expansive soil foundation to provide the retaining wall structure with greater vertical bearing capacity and horizontal anti-sliding force. The retaining wall structure is consolidated with the precast driven piles, giving the retaining wall structure strong anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities. However, this prior art increases the amount of construction work due to the additional precast driven piles embedded in the expansive soil foundation.

[0007] CN 217078851 U discloses a basement anti-cracking retaining wall structure, including a retaining wall with a trapezoidal cross-section and the larger end located at the lower end. A base plate for increasing the retaining wall's resistance to overturning moment is fixedly connected to the lower end of the retaining wall. The base plate is horizontally positioned, and both the retaining wall and the base plate contain pre-installed reinforcing cages. The base plate includes a toe and a heel. The toe is fixedly connected to the side of the retaining wall facing the basement, and the heel is fixedly connected to the side of the retaining wall away from the basement. The pre-installed reinforcing cage, the trapezoidal cross-section, and the toe and heel in this prior art can reduce the likelihood of cracking. However, the inclusion of a toe and heel increases the construction workload.

[0008] Therefore, there is room for improvement in enhancing the overturning resistance of retaining walls. Utility Model Content

[0009] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a retaining wall with increased overturning resistance, and to solve the technical problem of needing to add additional components to increase the overturning resistance of the retaining wall.

[0010] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a retaining wall with increased anti-overturning capacity, including a wall face, a wall back, a base, and a wall top. The wall face and the wall back are respectively located above the base and the wall face and the wall back are opposite to each other. The wall top is opposite to the base and is located on the top surface of the wall face and the wall back. A wall toe is provided on the wall face, and the bottom surface of the wall toe is parallel to the bottom surface of the base.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the wall toe is at a first distance from the bottom surface of the base, the first distance being 0.9 meters to 1.1 meters.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first distance is 1 meter.

[0013] In some embodiments, the wall is a plane and has a first slope.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first slope is 1:0.20 to 1:0.30.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first slope of the wall is 1:0.25.

[0016] In some embodiments, the back of the wall is a flat surface with a second slope.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second slope is 1:0.00 to 1:0.05.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second slope of the back wall is 1:0.00.

[0019] In some embodiments, the height of the back wall is 5 meters.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the retaining wall with increased anti-overturning capacity provided by this utility model reduces the distance between the rotation point and the load application point by changing the position of the retaining wall toe, thereby reducing the rotational torque generated by the load on the retaining wall, thus relatively increasing the anti-overturning moment of the retaining wall and enhancing its anti-overturning capacity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of an existing ordinary retaining wall;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1', First wall face; 2', First wall back; 3', First foundation; 4', First wall top; 5', First wall toe; 1, wall face; 2, wall back; 3, foundation; 4, wall top; 5, wall toe; 6, supported soil; 7, foundation; 8, ground surface; H', height of existing ordinary retaining wall; H, height of retaining wall with increased overturning resistance; d, first distance. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples and accompanying drawings.

[0027] It should be noted that all uses of "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this utility model are for the purpose of distinguishing two entities or parameters with the same name but different names. It is clear that "first" and "second" are only for the convenience of expression and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this utility model. Subsequent embodiments will not explain this in detail.

[0028] Furthermore, "vertical" is not strictly vertical, but rather within the allowable margin of error. Similarly, "parallel" is not strictly parallel, but also within the allowable margin of error. Words such as "include" or "contain" mean that the element preceding the word covers the element listed after it, without excluding the possibility of including other elements as well.

[0029] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, the existing ordinary retaining wall includes a first wall face 1', a first wall back 2', a first base 3', and a first wall top 4'. The first wall face 1' and the first wall back 2' are located above the first base 3' and opposite each other. The first wall top 4' is opposite to the first base 3' and located on the top surface of the first wall face 1' and the first wall back 2'. The first base 3' includes a first wall toe 5', which is located at the end of the first base 3' away from the first wall back 2' and is connected to the first wall face 1'. The first wall face 1', the first wall back 2', the first base 3', and the first wall top 4' form a wall. The first wall back 2' is in direct contact with the supported soil 6, and the first base 3' is in direct contact with the foundation 7. When the existing ordinary retaining wall is in use, the first base 3' is located within the foundation 7, the bottom surface of the first base 3' is parallel to the ground 8, and the distance between the bottom surface of the first base 3' and the ground 8 is 1 meter. The height of the first wall back 2', that is, the height H' of the existing ordinary retaining wall, is 5 meters.

[0031] The first toe 5' is the protruding part at the bottom of the retaining wall, and has the following functions: increasing the overturning resistance; the first toe 5' extends outward, increasing the width of the first base 3' of the retaining wall, making the center of gravity of the retaining wall closer to the first toe 5' side, thereby increasing the overturning moment and improving the retaining wall's ability to resist overturning around the first toe 5'; enhancing stability; the first toe 5' expands the supporting area at the bottom of the first base 3' to distribute the load borne by the retaining wall more evenly to the foundation 7, reducing the pressure concentration on the foundation 7, improving the bearing capacity of the foundation 7, and thus enhancing the overall stability of the retaining wall; improving the anti-sliding capacity; the friction between the first toe 5' and the foundation 7 can provide additional anti-sliding force, helping to prevent the retaining wall from sliding under the action of horizontal forces such as earth pressure, and improving the anti-sliding stability of the retaining wall.

[0032] This utility model provides a retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the structure includes a wall surface 1, a wall back 2, a base 3, and a wall top 4. Wall surface 1 and wall back 2 are located above the base 3, with wall surface 1 and wall back 2 facing each other. Wall top 4 is opposite to the base 3 and located on the top surface of wall surface 1 and wall back 2. A wall toe 5 is provided on wall surface 1. Wall surface 1, wall back 2, base 3, and wall top 4 form a wall. Wall back 2 is in direct contact with the supported soil 6, and base 3 is in direct contact with the foundation 7.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the retaining wall of this utility model with increased anti-overturning capacity has a wall toe 5 set on the wall surface 1 and in contact with the ground 8. By raising the position of the wall toe 5, the rotational torque generated by the supported soil 6 on the retaining wall is reduced, thus solving the technical problem in the prior art that additional components are needed to increase the anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall.

[0034] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the wall toe 5 is parallel to the bottom surface of the base 3. This design ensures that the wall toe 5 and the base 3 can remain horizontal simultaneously, each in a completely stable state, with their respective weight evenly distributed in the portion in contact with the corresponding support surface, and are not subject to frictional forces along the planar direction.

[0035] When the retaining wall of this utility model with increased anti-overturning capacity is used, the base 3 is located inside the foundation 7, the bottom surface of the base 3 is parallel to the ground 8, the wall toe 5 is located on the ground 8, and the wall toe 5 is supported by the ground 8.

[0036] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the wall toe 5 is a first distance d from the bottom surface of the base 3.

[0037] Moving the wall toe 5 upwards relative to the base 3 has the following effects: Adjusting the stress distribution: Moving the wall toe 5 upwards shifts the center of gravity of the retaining wall towards the rear, altering the stress distribution of the wall. This reduces the pressure at the wall toe 5, preventing excessive uneven settlement of the foundation soil due to excessive pressure. Simultaneously, it increases the pressure at the wall heel (the end of the base 3 closest to the supported soil 6), making the pressure distribution on the bottom surface of the base 3 more uniform and improving the bearing capacity of the foundation 7. Optimizing anti-sliding performance: Moving the wall toe 5 upwards increases the anti-sliding lever arm of the retaining wall. Under horizontal loads such as earth pressure, the increased anti-sliding lever arm helps improve the anti-sliding stability of the retaining wall, reducing the possibility of wall sliding.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first distance d is 0.9 meters to 1.1 meters. For example, the first distance d is 1 meter.

[0039] In some embodiments, wall 1 is a plane with a first slope. The slope of wall 1 refers to the degree of inclination between the retaining wall 1 and the plumb line, and is usually expressed as the ratio of the vertical height of wall 1 to its horizontal projected length. The slope of wall 1 changes the distribution of external forces on the wall. Different slopes result in different magnitudes and points of application of earth pressure. A reasonable slope can make the wall more evenly stressed and reduce stress concentration at weak points. An appropriate slope of wall 1 helps to improve the stability of the wall.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first slope is 1:0.20 to 1:0.30. For example, the first slope of wall 1 is 1:0.25.

[0041] In some embodiments, the back wall 2 is a plane, and the back wall 2 has a second slope. The slope of the back wall 2 refers to the angle between the back wall 2 of the retaining wall and the vertical line, and is used to indicate the degree of inclination of the back wall 2. It is usually expressed as the ratio of the vertical height of the back wall 2 to the horizontal projected length.

[0042] The magnitude and distribution of earth pressure vary depending on the slope of the back wall 2. A sloping back wall experiences greater earth pressure because its inclination direction aligns with the downward trend of the supported soil 6, increasing the pressure on the retaining wall. Conversely, a sloping back wall experiences less earth pressure because its inclination direction is opposite to the downward trend of the supported soil 6, partially offsetting the earth pressure. An appropriate slope of the back wall 2 contributes to improving the stability of the retaining wall. Generally, sloping back walls exhibit relatively better stability under the same conditions due to lower earth pressure; while sloping back walls experience greater earth pressure, requiring higher resistance to sliding and overturning, necessitating measures such as increasing the wall's self-weight or other reinforcement methods to ensure stability.

[0043] In some embodiments, the second slope is 1:0.00 to 1:0.05. For example, the second slope of the back wall 2 is 1:0.00, in which case the second slope of the back wall 2 is 90°.

[0044] In some embodiments, the height of the back wall 2 is 4.5 meters to 5.5 meters. That is, the height H of the retaining wall that increases the overturning resistance is 4.5 meters to 5.5 meters.

[0045] In some embodiments, the length of the wall toe 5 is the same as the length of the wall surface 1, and the wall toe 5 is arranged along the length direction of the wall surface 1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the length of the wall toe 5 is less than the length of the wall surface 1, and a plurality of wall toes 5 are located at the same height on the wall surface 1 and are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the wall surface 1.

[0047] In some embodiments, the supported soil 6 includes sand.

[0048] The retaining wall of this utility model increases its anti-overturning capacity by moving the toe 5 of the retaining wall to reduce the distance between the pressure point of the supported soil 6 (backfill) behind the retaining wall and the rotation point of the wall, thereby reducing the rotational torque generated by the pressure of the supported soil 6 and greatly improving the anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall.

[0049] Example

[0050] This utility model relates to a retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the retaining wall includes a wall face 1, a wall back 2, a base 3, and a wall top 4. Wall face 1 and wall back 2 are located above the base 3, with wall face 1 facing the wall back 2 and wall face 1 exposed to the air. The first slope of wall face 1 is 1:0.25, and the second slope of wall back 2 is 1:0.00. Wall top 4 is opposite to the base 3 and located on the top surface of wall face 1 and wall back 2. Wall toe 5 is located on wall face 1, with the length of wall toe 5 being the same as the length of wall face 1. The bottom surface of wall toe 5 and the bottom surface of base 3 are parallel to ground level 8. Wall back 2 is in direct contact with the supported soil 6, and wall top 4 is on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the supported soil 6. Base 3 is located within foundation 7, and the bottom surface of wall toe 5 is 1 meter away from the bottom surface of base 3, with the bottom surface of wall toe 5 located on ground level 8. The height H of the retaining wall, which increases its overturning resistance, is 5 meters. Wall face 1, wall back 2, base 3, and wall top 4 form a wall structure.

[0051] Comparative Example

[0052] Existing ordinary retaining walls, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a first wall surface 1', a first wall back 2', a first base 3', and a first wall top 4'. The first wall surface 1' and the first wall back 2' are respectively located above the first base 3'. The first wall surface 1' is opposite to the first wall back 2' and the first wall surface 1' is open to the air. The slope of the first wall surface 1' is 1:0.25, and the slope of the first wall back 2' is 1:00. The first wall top 4' is opposite to the first base 3' and is located on the top surface of the first wall surface 1' and the first wall back 2'. The first base 3' includes a first wall toe 5', which is located at the end of the first base 3' away from the first wall back 2'. The first wall toe 5' is connected to the first wall surface 1', and the length of the first wall toe 5' is the same as the length of the first wall surface 1'. The first wall back 2' is in direct contact with the supported soil 6, and the first wall top 4' is on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the supported soil 6. The first base 3' is located within the foundation 7. The bottom surface of the first wall toe 5' and the bottom surface of the first base 3' are both 1 meter away from the ground 8. The existing ordinary retaining wall has a height H' of 5 meters. The first wall face 1', the first wall back 2', the first base 3', and the first wall top 4' form a wall.

[0053] The wall toe 5 in the embodiment and the first wall toe 5' in the comparative example have the same shape. The retaining wall with increased overturning resistance in the embodiment and the existing ordinary retaining wall in the comparative example use the same material and have the same volume. The difference lies in the position of the wall toe 5 and the first wall toe 5'. The supported soil 6 in the embodiment and the supported soil 6 in the comparative example are both sandy soil.

[0054] The overturning moments of the supported soil (sand) on their respective retaining walls in the examples and comparative examples are calculated as follows:

[0055] The unit weight γ of the supported soil mass 6 (sand) is 17 Kn / m. 3 The cohesion C of the supported soil 6 (sand) is 0, the internal friction angle φ of the supported soil 6 (sand) is 32°, and the wall is buried at a depth of 1 meter.

[0056] The pressure coefficient of the supported soil, Ka = tan 2 (45-φ / 2)=0.307;

[0057] Pressure on the supported soil: Ea = KaγH 2 / 2=65.24Kn / m;

[0058] The point of application of the pressure on the supported soil is 1.67m at a distance of H / 3 (or H' / 3) from the bottom of the wall;

[0059] The rotational torque of the retaining wall with increased anti-overturning capacity in the embodiment is: 65.24 × 0.67 = 43.71 Knm.

[0060] The rotational torque of the existing ordinary retaining wall in the comparative example is: 65.24 × 1.67 = 108.95 Knm.

[0061] In this embodiment, the toe 5 of the retaining wall with increased overturning resistance is moved 1 meter higher than the toe 5' of the ordinary retaining wall in the comparative example. That is, the bottom surface of the toe 5 in this embodiment is located on the ground 8. The ratio of the pressure-induced torque of the supported soil 6 of the retaining wall with increased overturning resistance in this embodiment to that of the ordinary retaining wall is 0.401. In other words, the torque of the retaining wall with increased overturning resistance is 40% of that of the ordinary retaining wall, which greatly reduces the overturning moment generated by the pressure of the supported soil 6.

[0062] This invention relates to a retaining wall with increased overturning resistance. By altering the position of the retaining wall toe 5, the distance between the rotation point and the point of application of the load (pressure from the supported soil 6) is reduced, thereby decreasing the rotational torque generated by the load on the retaining wall. This relatively increases the overturning resistance moment of the retaining wall, thus enhancing its overturning resistance. When using the same materials and having the same volume, this invention increases the overturning resistance of the retaining wall. Furthermore, while maintaining slip resistance stability, this invention reduces the masonry volume, saving materials and reducing costs.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A retaining wall having increased resistance to overturning, characterised in that, It includes a wall surface (1), a wall back (2), a base (3), and a wall top (4). The wall surface (1) and the wall back (2) are respectively located above the base (3) and the wall surface (1) is opposite to the wall back (2). The wall top (4) is opposite to the base (3) and located on the top surface of the wall surface (1) and the wall back (2). A wall toe (5) is provided on the wall surface (1), and the bottom surface of the wall toe (5) is parallel to the bottom surface of the base (3).

2. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 1, wherein, The bottom surface of the wall toe (5) is at a first distance (d) from the bottom surface of the base (3), and the first distance (d) is 0.9 meters to 1.1 meters.

3. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 2, wherein, The first distance (d) is 1 meter.

4. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 1, wherein, The wall surface (1) is a plane and has a first slope.

5. The retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first slope is 1:0.20 to 1:0.

30.

6. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 5, wherein, The first slope of the wall (1) is 1:0.

25.

7. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 1, wherein, The back wall (2) is a plane and has a second slope.

8. The retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The second slope is 1:0.00 to 1:0.

05.

9. The retaining wall with increased resistance to overturning as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The second slope of the back wall (2) is 1:0.

00.

10. The increased resistance to overturning ability retaining wall of claim 1, wherein, The height of the wall back (2) is 5 meters.

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