Cavity structure for converting air pipe in covering soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cavity structure for converting an air pipe in soil covering, which comprises a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity, a civil engineering conversion cavity and a civil engineering conversion cavity, the waterproof layer continuously covers the top of the civil engineering conversion cavity, and the waterproof layer and the basement roof waterproof layer form a closed-loop structure; the fine aggregate concrete protection layer covers the upper part of the waterproof layer and is 40mm in thickness; the air shaft is connected to the ground outlet end of the civil engineering conversion cavity, and a rainproof shutter is mounted at the top of the air shaft; the overhanging cornice is arranged on the outer side of the rainproof louver; the water drip is arranged around the overhanging eave; the basement roof waterproof layer is turned upwards along the outer wall of the air shaft, and the upturning height is larger than or equal to 250 mm; the height from the bottom of the rainproof shutter to the ground is larger than or equal to 500 mm. According to the modular connection design of the civil engineering conversion cavity and the air shaft, different soil covering depths and pipeline conversion angles can be flexibly adapted, and the reworking problem of a traditional vertical shaft caused by sudden change of the terrain is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of architectural design technology, and in particular to a cavity structure for the conversion of air ducts within the soil cover. Background Technology

[0002] When ground-level buildings or landscape layouts restrict ventilation shafts from vertically extending above ground, they need to be extended horizontally or diagonally through infill conversion to avoid ground-level facilities (such as walkways or water features). Existing technologies suffer from problems such as insufficient ground space, inability to directly extend vertically above ground, or the need to conceal the ventilation shaft outlet for aesthetic purposes. Therefore, this utility model aims to provide a building structure that can solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cavity structure for the conversion of air ducts within the soil cover, thereby solving the aforementioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A cavity structure for ductwork transition within cover soil, comprising:

[0006] The civil engineering conversion cavity is set within the soil cover layer. Its size is adapted to the thickness of the soil cover layer and the size of the air duct, and it is used as a conversion channel for the air duct within the soil cover layer.

[0007] The waterproof layer continuously covers the top of the civil engineering conversion cavity and forms a closed-loop structure with the waterproof layer of the basement roof slab.

[0008] A fine aggregate concrete protective layer, covering the top of the waterproof layer, is 40mm thick.

[0009] The ventilation shaft is connected to the ground-level end of the civil engineering conversion cavity and is equipped with rainproof louvers on the top.

[0010] The projecting eaves are located on the outside of the rainproof louvers, and the width of the eaves is 100mm.

[0011] A drip line, installed around the cantilevered eaves, is used to guide rainwater downwards;

[0012] The waterproof layer on the basement roof slab folds upwards along the outer wall of the ventilation shaft, with an upward fold height of ≥250mm; the bottom of the rainproof louvers is ≥500mm above the ground.

[0013] In some specific embodiments, the waterproof layer is made of flexible polymer waterproof membrane or coating waterproof layer, similar to the waterproof layer on the basement roof slab.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, a wire mesh with a mesh size of <10mm×10mm is installed on the outside of the rainproof louver to prevent foreign objects from entering the ventilation shaft.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the top of the ventilation shaft is connected to the rainproof louvers by a sealing strip to form an airtight interface.

[0016] In some specific embodiments, the inner wall of the civil engineering conversion cavity is provided with an insulation layer, and the insulation material is rock wool or polyurethane foam with a thickness of ≥30mm.

[0017] In some specific embodiments, the bottom surface of the overhanging eaves is provided with an inclined water guide groove with an inclination angle of 3°-5°, which works in conjunction with the drip line to achieve rapid drainage.

[0018] In some specific embodiments, the outer surface of the ventilation shaft above ground is covered with a decorative protective panel made of stainless steel or anti-corrosion wood, which is fixed by snap-fit ​​connectors.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, a drainage ditch is provided at the bottom of the civil engineering conversion cavity, and a permeable pipe is laid in the ditch and connected to the site drainage system.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses a cavity structure for the conversion of air ducts within the backfill layer, including a civil engineering conversion cavity, which is set within the backfill layer and whose size is adapted to the thickness of the backfill layer and the size of the air duct, serving as a conversion channel for the air duct within the backfill layer; a waterproof layer, which continuously covers the top of the civil engineering conversion cavity and forms a closed-loop structure with the waterproof layer of the basement roof slab; a fine stone concrete protective layer, which covers the upper part of the waterproof layer and has a thickness of 40mm; a ventilation shaft, which is connected to the ground-level end of the civil engineering conversion cavity and has rainproof louvers installed on its top; a cantilevered eaves, which are set outside the rainproof louvers and have a width of 100mm; a drip line, which is set around the cantilevered eaves to guide rainwater downwards; the waterproof layer of the basement roof slab is folded upwards along the outer wall of the ventilation shaft, with an upward folding height ≥250mm; and the bottom of the rainproof louvers is ≥500mm above the ground. This utility model utilizes a modular design for connecting the civil engineering conversion cavity and the ventilation shaft, allowing for flexible adaptation to different soil cover depths (0.5-3 meters) and pipeline conversion angles (horizontal / oblique ±30°), avoiding rework issues caused by sudden terrain changes in traditional vertical shafts. The coordinated layout of the water guiding structure and rainproof louvers effectively addresses drainage needs under varying rainfall intensities (50-200 mm / h), reducing the risk of cavity leakage due to water accumulation. The closed-loop sealing design of the waterproof layer and the ventilation shaft's outer wall reduces the frequency of subsequent maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a cavity structure for the conversion of a duct within the soil covering, according to this utility model.

[0022] In the attached diagram: 1. Civil engineering conversion cavity; 2. Waterproof layer; 3. Basement roof waterproof layer; 4. Fine stone concrete protective layer; 5. Ventilation shaft; 6. Rainproof louvers; 7. Overhanging eaves; 8. Drip line. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 The cavity structure shown, in which a duct is converted within the soil cover, includes:

[0025] The civil engineering conversion cavity 1 is set in the soil cover layer, and its size is adapted to the thickness of the soil cover layer and the size of the air duct, serving as a conversion channel for the air duct within the soil cover layer.

[0026] It should be noted here that the civil engineering conversion cavity 1 is located within the soil cover layer, and its cross-sectional dimensions are adapted to the duct diameter and soil cover thickness (0.5-3 meters). The cavity axis can be adjusted horizontally or obliquely (±30°) according to the pipeline route.

[0027] The inner wall of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1 is equipped with an insulation layer, which is made of rock wool or polyurethane foam material with a thickness of ≥30mm to reduce heat exchange loss.

[0028] Waterproof layer 2 continuously covers the top of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1 and forms a closed loop structure with the waterproof layer 3 of the basement roof slab.

[0029] Waterproof layer 2 is laid continuously along the top of the cavity and overlaps with waterproof layer 3 of the basement roof to form a closed loop, with an overlap width of ≥150mm.

[0030] The protective layer is a fine stone concrete layer, covering the surface of the waterproof layer 2, with a thickness of 40mm, to resist external impact.

[0031] Fine aggregate concrete protective layer 4, covering the top of waterproof layer 2, with a thickness of 40mm;

[0032] Ventilation shaft 5 is connected to the ground end of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1, and is equipped with rainproof louvers 6 on the top.

[0033] Ventilation shaft 5 is vertically connected to civil engineering conversion cavity 1, and rainproof louvers 6 are installed on the top. The bottom of the louvers is ≥500mm from the ground to prevent rainwater backflow.

[0034] Protective netting (mesh size <10mm×10mm) is installed on the outside of the louvers to prevent small animals from entering.

[0035] The projecting eaves 7 are located on the outside of the rainproof louvers 6, with a width of 100mm. The projecting eaves 7 (100mm wide) are matched with the drip line 8, and the bottom surface of the eaves is provided with an inclined guide groove (inclination angle 3°-5°) to quickly guide rainwater away from the inlet of the ventilation shaft 5.

[0036] Drip line 8, set around the cantilevered eaves 7, is used to guide rainwater down.

[0037] The waterproof layer 3 on the basement roof slab is folded upward along the outer wall of ventilation shaft 5, with an upward folding height of ≥250mm;

[0038] Rainproof louvers 6. The bottom of the louver is ≥500mm above the ground.

[0039] This structure may also include: a removable decorative surface covering the outer surface of the ventilation shaft 5, made of stainless steel or anti-corrosion wood, connected by clips or bolts, which combines anti-climbing and easy maintenance.

[0040] In some specific embodiments, the material of the waterproof layer 2 and the waterproof layer 3 of the basement roof slab are both flexible polymer waterproof membrane or coating waterproof layer 2.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, a wire mesh with a mesh size of <10mm×10mm is added to the outside of the rainproof louver 6 to prevent foreign objects from entering the ventilation shaft 5.

[0042] In some specific embodiments, the top of the ventilation shaft 5 is connected to the rainproof louver 6 by a sealing strip to form an airtight interface.

[0043] In some specific embodiments, the inner wall of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1 is provided with an insulation layer, and the insulation material is rock wool or polyurethane foam with a thickness of ≥30mm.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the bottom surface of the projecting eaves 7 is provided with an inclined water guide groove with an inclination angle of 3°-5°, which works in conjunction with the drip line 8 to achieve rapid drainage.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the outer surface of the ground-level portion of the ventilation shaft 5 is covered with a decorative protective panel made of stainless steel or anti-corrosion wood, which is fixed by snap-fit ​​connectors.

[0046] In some specific embodiments, a drainage ditch is provided at the bottom of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1, and a permeable pipe is laid in the ditch and connected to the site drainage system.

[0047] The working principle of this utility model:

[0048] 1. Concealed conversion path construction for duct conversion: The civil engineering conversion cavity 1 is buried in the soil layer, forming a continuous channel according to the duct direction (horizontal or inclined ±30°). The cavity cross-sectional size is adapted to the outer diameter of the duct (Φ500mm) and the construction space (≥150mm reserved on one side) to ensure that the duct is installed without compression.

[0049] Settlement control: H-shaped steel supports (1.5m spacing) are pre-embedded at the bottom of the cavity and rigidly connected to the basement roof slab by anchoring with rebar to offset the settlement deformation caused by the soil load and ensure the stability of the duct axis 78.

[0050] 2. Synergistic mechanism of waterproofing and drainage

[0051] Closed-loop waterproofing:

[0052] The top of the cavity is continuously covered with SBS modified bitumen waterproof membrane, which overlaps with the waterproof layer 3 of the basement roof slab by 200mm and is hot-melt welded to form a leak-free closed loop.

[0053] The waterproof layer 2 is folded upwards along the outer wall of the ventilation shaft 5 by ≥250mm and mechanically fixed by metal strips to prevent rainwater from seeping into the cavity along the outer wall of the ventilation shaft 5.

[0054] Staged water diversion:

[0055] The top eaves of ventilation shaft 5 extend outward by 100mm, and the bottom surface has a 3° inclined guide groove, which works in conjunction with the annular drip line 8 to guide rainwater away from the inlet of ventilation shaft 5;

[0056] The drainage channel is connected to a PVC drainage pipe to direct rainwater to the site's drainage system, preventing backflow of water.

[0057] 3. Coordinated ventilation and protection

[0058] Rainproof and ventilation: Rainproof louvers 6 are installed on the top of ventilation shaft 5, with a louver spacing of 20mm and an inclination angle of 45°, allowing air circulation while blocking direct rainwater;

[0059] Foreign object barrier: A stainless steel protective mesh (8mm×8mm mesh) is installed on the inside of the louvers to prevent leaves, animals, etc. from entering the air duct system.

[0060] 4. Thermal and maintenance optimization

[0061] Heat exchange suppression: A rubber and plastic insulation layer (30mm thick, thermal conductivity ≤0.034W / m·K) is pasted on the inner wall of the cavity to reduce heat transfer between the duct and the soil cover;

[0062] Convenient maintenance: The outer surface of ventilation shaft 5 is covered with a removable decorative panel, which is fixed by a snap-on connector and has a 300mm×300mm inspection port, allowing for quick disassembly and maintenance of internal components.

[0063] By adopting the above-disclosed technical solution of this utility model, the following beneficial effects are obtained:

[0064] The cavity structure of the present invention further demonstrates the following technical advantages in practice:

[0065] Through the modular connection design of the civil engineering conversion cavity 1 and the ventilation shaft 5, it can flexibly adapt to different soil cover depths (0.5-3 meters) and pipeline conversion angles (horizontal / oblique ±30°), avoiding the rework problem caused by the sudden change in terrain in traditional vertical shafts;

[0066] The coordinated layout of the water-guiding structure (cantilevered eaves 7 + drip line 8) and the rainproof louvers 6 effectively addresses the drainage needs under different rainfall intensities (50-200mm / h) and reduces the risk of cavity leakage caused by water accumulation.

[0067] The closed-loop sealing design of waterproof layer 2 and the exterior wall of ventilation shaft 5 reduces the frequency of later maintenance (the maintenance cycle is expected to be extended to 8-10 years);

[0068] The layered protection of fine aggregate concrete protective layer 4 and decorative protective panel reduces the cost of structural repair caused by external impact (compared to traditional structural repair costs, the cost is reduced by about 40%).

[0069] The protective mesh structure (such as wire mesh) on the outside of the rainproof louvers 6 at the top of the ventilation shaft 5 can prevent small animals from entering the cavity and reduce biological interference while ensuring ventilation efficiency.

[0070] The combined design of drainage ditches and permeable pipes enables the recycling of rainwater on site (collection efficiency ≥70%), which meets the green building evaluation standards.

[0071] The stainless steel / anticorrosion wood panel on the surface section of ventilation shaft 5 has both anti-climbing and anti-corrosion functions, reducing the risk of human damage;

[0072] The rainproof louver 6 features a bottom height (≥500mm) with a ground-level anti-seepage height difference design, effectively preventing equipment short circuit accidents caused by rainwater backflow.

[0073] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cavity structure for ductwork conversion within soil cover, characterized in that, include: The civil engineering conversion cavity (1) is set in the soil cover layer. Its size is adapted to the thickness of the soil cover layer and the size of the air duct, and is used as a conversion channel for the air duct in the soil cover layer. A waterproof layer (2) is continuously covered on the top of the civil engineering conversion cavity (1) and forms a closed loop structure with the waterproof layer (3) of the basement roof slab; A fine stone concrete protective layer (4) is placed on top of the waterproof layer (2) and has a thickness of 40 mm. Ventilation shaft (5) is connected to the ground end of the civil engineering conversion cavity (1) and is equipped with rainproof louvers (6) on the top. The projecting eaves (7) are set on the outside of the rainproof louvers (6), and the width of the eaves is 100mm; A drip line (8) is provided around the overhanging eaves (7) to guide rainwater downwards; The waterproof layer (3) of the basement roof slab is folded upward along the outer wall of the ventilation shaft (5) with an upward folding height of ≥250mm; the bottom of the rainproof louver (6) is ≥500mm above the ground.

2. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The waterproof layer (2) is made of flexible polymer waterproof membrane or coating waterproof layer, just like the waterproof layer (3) on the basement roof.

3. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The outer side of the rainproof louver (6) is fitted with a wire mesh with a mesh size of <10mm×10mm to prevent foreign objects from entering the ventilation shaft.

4. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The top of the ventilation shaft (5) is connected to the rainproof louver (6) by a sealing strip to form an airtight interface.

5. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The inner wall of the civil engineering conversion cavity (1) is provided with a thermal insulation layer, and the thermal insulation material is rock wool or polyurethane foam with a thickness of ≥30mm.

6. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The bottom surface of the overhanging eaves (7) is provided with an inclined water guide groove with an inclination angle of 3°-5°, which works in conjunction with the drip line (8) to achieve rapid drainage.

7. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein The outer surface of the ground-level portion of the ventilation shaft (5) is covered with a decorative protective panel made of stainless steel or anti-corrosion wood and fixed by snap-fit ​​connectors.

8. The cavity structure of claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the civil engineering conversion cavity (1) is provided with a drainage ditch, in which a permeable pipe is laid and connected to the site drainage system.

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