Compatible water chestnut harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to a compatible water chestnut harvester, and belongs to the field of agricultural harvesters. Comprising a shallow excavating device, a deep excavating device, a fruit-soil separating device, a soil cutting device, an elevator, a rack, a power motor and an excavator, the machine frame is installed on the excavator, the shallow layer excavating device, the deep layer excavating device, the fruit and soil separating device and the elevator are sequentially installed on the machine frame from front to back, the soil cutting device is installed on the machine frame and arranged below the deep layer excavating device and the fruit and soil separating device, and the soil cutting device is installed on the machine frame and arranged below the fruit and soil separating device. The power motor is installed on the machine frame and is in transmission connection with the shallow layer excavating device, the deep layer excavating device, the fruit and soil separating device and the soil cutting device through a transmission mechanism. The harvesting efficiency of the water chestnuts is improved, and the labor intensity and the labor cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural harvesters, and in particular to a compatible horseshoe harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Water chestnuts, also known as horse hooves, are widely cultivated in southern my country due to their short growing season, ease of cultivation, high yield, high price, good taste, wide range of uses, and large demand. They are popular as a processing ingredient in fruits, food, and pharmaceuticals. However, because of their growth characteristics—most of the fruit grows in the bottom layer of soil and is relatively small—harvesting them is quite difficult due to the influence of clayey soil and soil moisture content. Currently, there is no mature, fully automated machinery that can simultaneously overcome the two key challenges of soil properties and soil moisture content for harvesting. Therefore, most growing areas still rely on manual labor to turn over the soil, peel the water chestnuts from the dry, hard soil layer or the soft soil with high moisture content, and then collect them. This process is inefficient, labor-intensive, and costly. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a compatible horseshoe harvester to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A compatible water chestnut harvester includes: a shallow digging device, a deep digging device, a fruit and soil separation device, a soil cutting device, a hoist, a frame, a power motor, and an excavator; the frame is mounted on the excavator, the shallow digging device, the deep digging device, the fruit and soil separation device, and the hoist are sequentially mounted on the frame from front to back, the soil cutting device is mounted on the frame and is located below the deep digging device and the fruit and soil separation device, the power motor is mounted on the frame and is connected to the shallow digging device, the deep digging device, the fruit and soil separation device, and the soil cutting device through a transmission mechanism.

[0005] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Compared with the existing technology of manually harvesting water chestnuts, the shallow digging device in this utility model is beneficial for loosening or cutting the topsoil and the crop vines on the topsoil, shoveling them up and conveying them to the side of the harvester. The deep digging device is beneficial for shoveling up the deep soil where crops such as water chestnuts are planted and conveying it to the fruit and soil separation device for multi-stage separation of water chestnuts and soil. This overcomes the dual limitations of sticky soil and soil moisture content in the harvesting process. The soil cutting device is beneficial for cutting the separated soil to prevent soil from entering the elevator. The elevator is beneficial for conveying the water chestnuts after soil separation. This utility model improves the harvesting efficiency of water chestnuts and reduces labor intensity and labor costs.

[0006] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0007] Furthermore, the shallow excavation device includes a soil loosening mechanism and a shallow shovel mechanism, with the soil loosening mechanism positioned in front of the shallow shovel mechanism. The soil loosening mechanism includes: multiple soil loosening rotary cutters, a protective cover, a first hydraulic rod, a first soil loosening hinge shaft, two soil loosening connecting arms, and a second soil loosening hinge shaft. The multiple soil loosening rotary cutters are arranged side-by-side inside the protective cover. Each soil loosening rotary cutter is rotatably mounted on the first soil loosening hinge shaft. The two soil loosening connecting arms are correspondingly positioned on the outer sides of both ends of the protective cover. The two ends of the first soil loosening hinge shaft are rotatably connected to one end of each of the two soil loosening connecting arms. The two ends of the second soil loosening hinge shaft pass through the other ends of each of the two soil loosening connecting arms. One end is fixedly connected to the frame. The first hydraulic rod is mounted on the frame, and its output shaft is hinged to the protective cover. The shallow shovel mechanism includes: a shallow shovel blade, a first transverse conveyor belt, and multiple shallow shovel connecting arms. The shallow shovel blade has a U-shaped plate structure. The second loosening hinge shaft is located inside the shallow shovel blade, and its two ends pass through the two side walls of the shallow shovel blade. The first transverse conveyor belt is located at the end of the shallow shovel blade away from the loosening rotary cutter. The first transverse conveyor belt is connected to the power motor. The top and bottom ends of the shallow shovel connecting arms are fixedly connected to the frame and the first transverse conveyor belt, respectively. The shallow shovel blade is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0008] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are as follows: the loosening rotary cutter is rotatably mounted on the first loosening hinge shaft, which facilitates rotation with the displacement of the harvester, thereby loosening or cutting the topsoil and the crop vines on the topsoil. The protective cover helps to prevent the loosened or cut topsoil and crop vines from splashing everywhere. The first hydraulic rod helps to drive the loosening rotary cutter, the protective cover, the first loosening hinge shaft, and the two loosening connecting arms to rotate around the second loosening hinge shaft, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cutting depth of the loosening rotary cutter on the soil. The shallow shovel helps to scoop up the topsoil and crop vines that have been loosened or cut by the loosening rotary cutter and enter the first transverse conveyor belt along the shallow shovel, thereby transporting the topsoil and crop vines along the first transverse conveyor belt to the side of the harvester, avoiding affecting the subsequent harvesting and separation of crops. The shallow shovel connecting arm helps to fix the first transverse conveyor belt on the frame, ensuring the stability of the first transverse conveyor belt during operation.

[0009] Furthermore, the deep excavation device includes: a deep shovel mechanism, a vertical conveyor belt, a guide mechanism, and a second hydraulic rod. The vertical conveyor belt is inclined and fixedly installed on the frame. The vertical conveyor belt is driven and connected to the power motor. The deep shovel mechanism is adapted to and slidably disposed at the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt. The guide mechanism is disposed at the upper end of the vertical conveyor belt. The second hydraulic rod is installed on the frame, and its output shaft is hinged to the deep shovel mechanism.

[0010] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the deep shovel mechanism is adapted to and slidably set at the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt, which is conducive to adjusting the height difference between the deep shovel mechanism and the shallow shovel blade under the driving action of the second hydraulic rod, thereby adjusting the shovel depth of the deep shovel mechanism, and thus being able to shovel up a variety of crops. The guiding mechanism is conducive to guiding the mixed clumps of soil and crops transported upward by the vertical conveyor belt to the soil-fruit separation device.

[0011] Furthermore, the deep shovel mechanism includes a deep shovel blade and a deep shovel blade connecting plate. The deep shovel blade has a U-shaped plate structure. The deep shovel blade connecting plate is disposed inside the deep shovel blade, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the deep shovel blade. The output shaft of the second hydraulic rod is hinged to the deep shovel blade connecting plate. The deep shovel blade is disposed below the rear end of the shallow shovel blade.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the deep shovel connecting plate is conducive to transmitting the driving force of the second hydraulic rod to the deep shovel, thereby adjusting the shoveling depth of the deep shovel. The deep shovel is set below the rear end of the shallow shovel, which is conducive to ensuring that after the surface soil and crop vines are shoveled up and transported to the side of the harvester, the deep soil and crops growing in the deep soil, such as horseshoes, can be shoveled up.

[0013] Furthermore, the guiding mechanism includes: a first guide plate, a vertical limiting plate, two upright plates, and two second guide plates; the two upright plates are fixed side by side on the frame, the first guide plate is inclined downward toward the fruit and soil separation device, and its two ends are connected to the two upright plates one by one, the vertical limiting plate is disposed between the two upright plates and can be moved up and down, and its two ends are slidably connected to the two upright plates one by one, the second guide plate is an arc-shaped plate structure, one end of the second guide plate is fixedly installed on the first guide plate, and its other end is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the vertical conveyor belt.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are as follows: the first guide plate is inclined downward toward the fruit and soil separation device, which is conducive to guiding the mixed block of crops and soil to the fruit and soil separation device, thereby separating the crops and soil. The vertical limiting plate is conducive to limiting the height of the mixed block. If the mixed block is too high, it can also be cut by the vertical limiting plate, thus achieving partial separation of crops and soil. The second guide plate is conducive to preventing the mixed block from shifting to the edge of the first guide plate, thereby guiding all the mixed blocks to the fruit and soil separation device.

[0015] Furthermore, the fruit and soil separation device includes: a dispersing mechanism, a compressing mechanism, and a pressurizing air blowing mechanism. The two ends of the dispersing mechanism are connected to the power motor and the compressing mechanism respectively. The dispersing mechanism is located near the guide mechanism. The pressurizing air blowing mechanism is located at the end of the compressing mechanism away from the dispersing mechanism. The dispersing mechanism, the compressing mechanism, and the pressurizing air blowing mechanism are all fixedly installed on the frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solutions are: the dispersing mechanism helps to initially disperse and separate the mixed clumps of crops and soil, the compaction mechanism helps to further compact and separate the mixed clumps of crops and soil, and the pressurized high-pressure gas helps to blow away the loose soil, soft soil with high moisture content, and soil adhering to the surface of fruits such as water chestnuts from the front-end compaction and separation process. This solves the two major problems of soil properties and moisture content in the water chestnut harvesting process. Moreover, the use of high-pressure gas is more suitable for different planting environments than high-pressure water, and reduces the cost of use.

[0017] Furthermore, the dispersing mechanism includes: two dispersing turntables, a drive rod, multiple rakes, two support platforms, and two turntable sprockets. The two support platforms are fixed side-by-side on the frame. The dispersing turntables are positioned between the two support platforms. The two turntable sprockets are positioned one-to-one on opposite sides of the two dispersing turntables. Both the dispersing turntables and the turntable sprockets are fixedly mounted on the drive rod. The two ends of the drive rod are rotatably connected to the two support platforms. The multiple rakes are spaced apart circumferentially along the drive rod. The two ends of each rake are connected to the two dispersing turntables. One of the turntable sprockets is connected to the power motor via a chain. The compaction mechanism includes: a support and protective frame, two first support seats, multiple second support seats, a compaction drive shaft, a compaction turntable, a drive rod, multiple protrusions, a vibrating plate, multiple guide rods, and a drive shaft sprocket. The protective frame is fixedly installed on the machine frame. The first support base is fixedly installed above the support protective frame. The dispersing turntable and the drive shaft sprocket are respectively arranged on the opposite sides of the two first support bases. The dispersing drive shaft rotatably passes through the first support base. The dispersing turntable and the drive shaft sprocket are respectively fixedly sleeved at both ends of the dispersing drive shaft. The drive shaft sprocket is connected to the other turntable sprocket through a chain. The top end of the drive rod is eccentrically set on the side wall of the dispersing turntable and hinged to the side wall of the dispersing turntable. The bottom end of the drive rod is hinged to the top end of the vibrating plate. The second support base is fixedly installed below the support protective frame. A plurality of guide rods slide vertically through a plurality of second support bases respectively. The bottom end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the vibrating plate. A plurality of protrusions are fixed at intervals to the bottom end of the vibrating plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are as follows: the power motor, through a chain and a turntable sprocket, facilitates the rotation of the drive rod, the dispersing turntable, and multiple rakes. The rakes facilitate the initial dispersing and separation of the mixture of crops and soil during rotation. The turntable sprocket, connected to the drive shaft sprocket through a chain, facilitates the rotation of the compaction drive shaft, thereby driving the compaction turntable to rotate. This causes the drive rod to move up and down along with the rotation of the compaction turntable, ultimately causing multiple irregularly arranged protrusions at the bottom of the vibratory disc to compress the soil surrounding the crop fruit during the up-and-down movement. The multiple irregularly arranged protrusions at the bottom of the vibratory disc maintain a reasonable distance from the rotatable elastic grid, reducing damage to the fruit. This also works in conjunction with the soil cutting device to further separate the mixture of crops and soil. The guide rod, in conjunction with the second support seat, facilitates the vertical displacement of the vibratory disc and the protrusions.

[0019] Furthermore, the soil cutting device includes an elastic grid mesh and a support mesh. The elastic grid mesh is a ring-shaped mesh structure that is rotatably set below the deep excavation device and the soil-fruit separation device. The support mesh is installed on the frame and is located below the compaction mechanism. The support mesh is set close to the upper inner part of the elastic grid mesh.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further solution is that the bearing net is conducive to relative movement with the elastic grid during the rotation of the elastic grid, thereby cutting off the soil pressed down by the compaction mechanism and preventing the soil from rotating into the elevator along with the elastic grid.

[0021] Furthermore, multiple rollers are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the frame. Two soil slide plates and a second transverse conveyor belt are installed inside the frame. The second transverse conveyor belt is located inside the elastic grid mesh and below the guiding mechanism, the dispersing mechanism, and the compacting mechanism. The second transverse conveyor belt is connected to the power motor via a chain and sprocket. The two soil slide plates are correspondingly and inclinedly positioned below the pressurized air blowing mechanism and below the vertical conveyor belt and the guiding mechanism. The bottom ends of both soil slide plates are positioned above the second transverse conveyor belt. The elastic grid mesh is fitted over the outside of the two soil slide plates and the second transverse conveyor belt. A discharge slide plate is fixedly mounted inclined downwards on the frame. The top of the discharge slide plate is positioned near the elastic grid mesh, and its bottom end is positioned above the elevator.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme are as follows: the soil slide plate is conducive to guiding the soil blown down by the pressurized air blowing mechanism and the soil falling between the vertical conveyor belt and the guiding mechanism to the second transverse conveyor belt. The second transverse conveyor belt is conducive to receiving the soil falling during the operation of the deep shovel mechanism, the dispersing mechanism, the compaction mechanism and the pressurized air blowing mechanism, and transporting the soil back to the field. The rollers are conducive to supporting the frame and facilitating the movement of the harvester in the field. The discharge slide plate is conducive to transporting the elastic grid over and the crops separated from the soil to the elevator.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes a sorting device, which includes: a support, multiple receiving hoppers, and a screen plate. The support is fixedly installed on the excavator. The screen plate is inclined and fixedly installed on the top of the support. The multiple receiving hoppers are fixed side by side on the support and are located below the screen plate. The discharge port of the elevator is located above the upwardly inclined end of the screen plate. The screen plate is provided with multiple sets of screen holes, which are through holes. The size of the multiple sets of screen holes gradually increases from top to bottom along the inclined direction of the screen plate. The multiple receiving hoppers are arranged one-to-one below the multiple sets of screen holes.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further solution are: the sieve plate is installed at an incline on the top of the support, and with multiple sets of sieve holes, it is beneficial to use gravity to screen out crops of various sizes and store them in the receiving hopper. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure excluding the excavator provided for an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the overall structure excluding the excavator provided for an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the shallow excavation device provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the deep excavation device provided in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism, dispersing mechanism, and compressing mechanism provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 7 Another perspective structural schematic diagram of the compression mechanism provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 8 Side view of the dispersing mechanism, the compressing mechanism, the pressurized air blowing mechanism, the elastic grid mesh, the bearing mesh, and the frame provided for embodiments of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the dispersing mechanism, the compressing mechanism, the pressurizing and blowing mechanism, the elastic grid mesh, the bearing mesh, and the frame provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing network provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the structure of the elevator and sorting device provided in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 12 A side view of the sorting device provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a top view of the sieve plate provided in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0038] in, Figure 1 The double-headed arrows indicate the installation orientation of each component.

[0039] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0040] 1. Shallow excavation device; 2. Deep excavation device; 3. Fruit and soil separation device; 4. Soil cutting device; 5. Hoist; 6. Frame; 7. Power motor; 8. Excavator; 9. Sorting device; 11. Soil loosening mechanism; 12. Shallow shovel mechanism; 21. Deep shovel mechanism; 22. Vertical conveyor belt; 23. Guiding mechanism; 24. Second hydraulic rod; 31. Dispersion mechanism; 32. Compacting mechanism; 33. Pressurized air blowing mechanism; 41. Elastic grid mesh; 42. Bearing mesh; 61. Roller; 62. Discharge slide plate; 63. Soil slide plate; 64. Second transverse conveyor belt; 91. Support; 92. Receiving hopper; 93. Screen plate; 94. Screen hole; 111. Soil loosening rotary cutter; 112. Protective cover; 113. First hydraulic rod; 114 115. First loosening hinge shaft; 116. Loosening connecting arm; 127. Second loosening hinge shaft; 128. Shallow shovel blade; 129. First transverse conveyor belt; 120. Shallow shovel connecting arm; 211. Deep shovel blade; 212. Deep shovel blade connecting plate; 231. First guide plate; 232. Vertical limiting plate; 233. Vertical plate; 234. Second guide plate; 311. Dispersing turntable; 312. Drive rod; 313. Rubber rake; 314. Support platform; 315. Turntable sprocket; 321. Support and protection frame; 322. First support seat; 323. Second support seat; 324. Compacting drive shaft; 325. Compacting turntable; 326. Drive rod; 327. Protrusion; 328. Vibrating plate; 329. Guide rod; 330. Drive shaft sprocket. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The principles and features of this utility model are described below. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a compatible water chestnut harvester, including: a shallow digging device 1, a deep digging device 2, a fruit and soil separation device 3, a soil cutting device 4, a hoist 5, a frame 6, a power motor 7, and an excavator 8; the frame 6 is mounted on the excavator 8, the shallow digging device 1, the deep digging device 2, the fruit and soil separation device 3, and the hoist 5 are sequentially mounted on the frame 6 from front to back, the soil cutting device 4 is mounted on the frame 6 and is located below the deep digging device 2 and the fruit and soil separation device 3, and the power motor 7 is mounted on the frame 6 and is connected to the shallow digging device 1, the deep digging device 2, the fruit and soil separation device 3, and the soil cutting device 4 through a transmission mechanism.

[0043] It should be noted that in the technical solution of this utility model, the direction from front to back is the forward and backward direction of the harvester, and the transmission mechanism is a chain and sprocket, or it can be a belt and pulley.

[0044] In the technical solution of this utility model, the excavator 8 is the prior art, which includes tracks or wheels, chassis assembly, diesel engine power source, hydraulic system, steering control system, boom, bucket, air compressor, and generator;

[0045] The hydraulic system in the excavator 8 is connected to the first hydraulic rod 113 in the shallow excavation device 1 and the second hydraulic rod 24 in the deep excavation device 2. The air compressor in the excavator 8 is connected to the pressurized air blowing mechanism 33 in the fruit and soil separation device 3. The generator in the excavator 8 is connected to the power motor 7 and the hoist 5 to provide power for harvesting and transporting water chestnuts.

[0046] In addition to harvesting water chestnuts, a crop planted deep in the soil, this invention can also adjust the height difference between the shallow digging device 1 and the deep digging device 2 according to the growth characteristics of the crops, and replace the loosening rotary blade 111 with a vertically rotating cutter or scissors to cut the vines. With the cooperation of the shallow digging device 1 or the deep digging device 2, it can achieve compatible harvesting of crops such as garlic, onions, arrowhead, beets, sweet potatoes, and potatoes.

[0047] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Compared with the existing technology of manually harvesting water chestnuts, the shallow digging device in this utility model is beneficial for loosening or cutting the topsoil and the crop vines on the topsoil, shoveling them up and conveying them to the side of the harvester. The deep digging device is beneficial for shoveling up the deep soil where crops such as water chestnuts are planted and conveying it to the fruit and soil separation device for multi-stage separation of water chestnuts and soil. This overcomes the dual limitations of sticky soil and soil moisture content in the harvesting process. The soil cutting device is beneficial for cutting the separated soil to prevent soil from entering the elevator. The elevator is beneficial for conveying the water chestnuts after soil separation. This utility model improves the harvesting efficiency of water chestnuts and reduces labor intensity and labor costs.

[0048] Preferred, such as Figures 2 to 4As shown, the shallow excavation device 1 includes a soil loosening mechanism 11 and a shallow shovel mechanism 12. The soil loosening mechanism 11 is located in front of the shallow shovel mechanism 12. The soil loosening mechanism 11 includes: multiple soil loosening rotary cutters 111, a protective cover 112, a first hydraulic rod 113, a first soil loosening hinge shaft 114, two soil loosening connecting arms 115, and a second soil loosening hinge shaft 116. The multiple soil loosening rotary cutters 111 are arranged side by side inside the protective cover 112. The soil loosening rotary cutters 111 are rotatably sleeved on the first soil loosening hinge shaft 114. The two soil loosening connecting arms 115 are correspondingly arranged on the outer sides of both ends of the protective cover 112. The two ends of the first soil loosening hinge shaft 114 are rotatably connected to one end of each of the two soil loosening connecting arms 115. The two ends of the second soil loosening hinge shaft 116 pass through the two soil loosening connecting arms 115. At the other end, it is fixedly connected to the frame 6. The first hydraulic rod 113 is mounted on the frame 6, and its output shaft is hinged to the protective cover 112. The shallow shovel mechanism 12 includes: a shallow shovel blade 121, a first transverse conveyor belt 122, and a plurality of shallow shovel connecting arms 123. The shallow shovel blade 121 has a U-shaped plate structure. The second loosening hinge shaft 116 is located inside the shallow shovel blade 121, and its two ends pass through the two side walls of the shallow shovel blade 121 respectively. The first transverse conveyor belt 122 is located at the end of the shallow shovel blade 121 away from the loosening rotary blade 111. The first transverse conveyor belt 122 is connected to the power motor 7. The top and bottom ends of the shallow shovel connecting arms 123 are fixedly connected to the frame 6 and the first transverse conveyor belt 122 respectively. The shallow shovel blade 121 is fixedly connected to the frame 6.

[0049] It should be noted that in the technical solution of this utility model, the end of the shallow shovel 121 away from the loosening rotary cutter 111 is set above or close to the first transverse conveyor belt 122.

[0050] The first transverse conveyor belt 122 is existing technology. When the bottom end of the shallow shovel connecting arm 123 is fixedly connected to the first transverse conveyor belt 122, it does not affect the normal rotation of the first transverse conveyor belt 122.

[0051] The soil-loosening rotary blade 111 can be configured as an active rotation type or a passive rotation type. In the active rotation type, the first soil-loosening hinge shaft 114 is connected to the power motor 7 for transmission. The power motor 7 drives the first soil-loosening hinge shaft 114 to rotate, thereby driving the soil-loosening rotary blade 111 to rotate. In the passive rotation type, the soil-loosening rotary blade 111 is in contact with the ground and moves relative to the ground as the harvester moves, thereby causing the soil-loosening rotary blade 111 to rotate. Finally, the blade of the soil-loosening rotary blade 111 is used to loosen or cut the topsoil and the crop vines on the topsoil.

[0052] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are as follows: the loosening rotary cutter is rotatably mounted on the first loosening hinge shaft, which facilitates rotation with the displacement of the harvester, thereby loosening or cutting the topsoil and the crop vines on the topsoil. The protective cover helps to prevent the loosened or cut topsoil and crop vines from splashing everywhere. The first hydraulic rod helps to drive the loosening rotary cutter, the protective cover, the first loosening hinge shaft, and the two loosening connecting arms to rotate around the second loosening hinge shaft, thereby realizing the adjustment of the cutting depth of the loosening rotary cutter on the soil. The shallow shovel helps to scoop up the topsoil and crop vines that have been loosened or cut by the loosening rotary cutter and enter the first transverse conveyor belt along the shallow shovel, thereby transporting the topsoil and crop vines along the first transverse conveyor belt to the side of the harvester, avoiding affecting the subsequent harvesting and separation of crops. The shallow shovel connecting arm helps to fix the first transverse conveyor belt on the frame, ensuring the stability of the first transverse conveyor belt during operation.

[0053] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the deep excavation device 2 includes: a deep shovel mechanism 21, a vertical conveyor belt 22, a guide mechanism 23, and a second hydraulic rod 24. The vertical conveyor belt 22 is inclined and fixedly installed on the frame 6. The vertical conveyor belt 22 is connected to the power motor 7. The deep shovel mechanism 21 is adapted to and slidably disposed at the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt 22. The guide mechanism 23 is disposed at the upper end of the vertical conveyor belt 22. The second hydraulic rod 24 is installed on the frame 6, and its output shaft is hinged to the deep shovel mechanism 21.

[0054] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred solution are: the deep shovel mechanism is adapted to and slidably set at the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt, which is conducive to adjusting the height difference between the deep shovel mechanism and the shallow shovel blade under the driving action of the second hydraulic rod, thereby adjusting the shovel depth of the deep shovel mechanism, and thus being able to shovel up a variety of crops. The guiding mechanism is conducive to guiding the mixed clumps of soil and crops transported upward by the vertical conveyor belt to the soil-fruit separation device.

[0055] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the deep shovel mechanism 21 includes a deep shovel blade 211 and a deep shovel blade connecting plate 212. The deep shovel blade 211 has a U-shaped plate structure. The deep shovel blade connecting plate 212 is disposed inside the deep shovel blade 211, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the deep shovel blade 211. The output shaft of the second hydraulic rod 24 is hinged to the deep shovel blade connecting plate 212. The deep shovel blade 211 is disposed below the rear end of the shallow shovel blade 121.

[0056] It should be noted that in the preferred embodiment of this utility model, the outer wall of the deep shovel 211 and the lower inner wall of the vertical conveyor belt 22 are slidably connected by a slide rail and slider, or other methods can be used to achieve the slidable connection. Alternatively, before operation, the deep shovel 211 can be moved to a suitable position along the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt 22 (i.e., ensuring that the shoveling depth of the deep shovel 211 can completely shovel up the crops to be harvested) according to the growth characteristics of the crops to be harvested, and then the deep shovel 211 can be fixed to the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt 22.

[0057] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred solution are: the deep shovel connecting plate is conducive to transmitting the driving force of the second hydraulic rod to the deep shovel, thereby adjusting the shoveling depth of the deep shovel. The deep shovel is set below the rear end of the shallow shovel, which is conducive to ensuring that after the surface soil and crop vines are shoveled up and transported to the side of the harvester, the deep soil and the fruits of crops growing in the deep soil, such as horseshoes, can be shoveled up.

[0058] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, the guiding mechanism 23 includes: a first guide plate 231, a vertical limiting plate 232, two upright plates 233, and two second guide plates 234; the two upright plates 233 are fixed side by side on the frame 6, the first guide plate 231 is inclined downward toward the fruit and soil separation device 3, and its two ends are connected to the two upright plates 233 respectively, the vertical limiting plate 232 is disposed between the two upright plates 233 and can be moved up and down, and its two ends are slidably connected to the two upright plates 233 respectively, the second guide plate 234 is an arc-shaped plate structure, one end of the second guide plate 234 is fixedly installed on the first guide plate 231, and its other end is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the vertical conveyor belt 22.

[0059] It should be noted that, in a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the upright plate 233 is provided with a vertical strip-shaped through hole, and the end of the vertical limiting plate 232 is disposed between the two upright plates 233 by means of a locking bolt that can be moved up and down. When the height of the vertical limiting plate 232 is adjusted to the correct position, tightening the locking bolt will fix the vertical limiting plate 232 between the two upright plates 233.

[0060] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are as follows: the first guide plate is inclined downward toward the fruit and soil separation device, which is conducive to guiding the mixed block of crops and soil to the fruit and soil separation device, thereby separating the crops and soil. The vertical limiting plate is conducive to limiting the height of the mixed block. If the mixed block is too high, it can also be cut by the vertical limiting plate, thus achieving partial separation of crops and soil. The second guide plate is conducive to preventing the mixed block from shifting to the edge of the first guide plate, so that all the mixed blocks are guided to the fruit and soil separation device.

[0061] Preferred, such as Figures 6 to 9 As shown, the fruit and soil separation device 3 includes: a dispersing mechanism 31, a compressing mechanism 32, and a pressurizing air blowing mechanism 33. The two ends of the dispersing mechanism 31 are connected to the power motor 7 and the compressing mechanism 32 respectively. The dispersing mechanism 31 is located near the guide mechanism 23. The pressurizing air blowing mechanism 33 is located at the end of the compressing mechanism 32 away from the dispersing mechanism 31. The dispersing mechanism 31, the compressing mechanism 32, and the pressurizing air blowing mechanism 33 are all fixedly installed on the frame 6.

[0062] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are: the dispersing mechanism is conducive to initially dispersing and separating the mixed clumps of crops and soil, the compaction mechanism is conducive to further compacting and separating the mixed clumps of crops and soil, and the pressurized high-pressure gas is conducive to blowing off the loose soil, soft soil with high moisture content, and soil adhering to the surface of fruits such as water chestnuts from the front-end compaction and separation, thus solving the two major problems of soil properties and moisture content in the water chestnut harvesting process. Moreover, the use of high-pressure gas is more conducive to adapting to different planting environments and reducing the cost of use compared to high-pressure water.

[0063] Preferred, such as Figures 6 to 8As shown, the dispersing mechanism 31 includes: two dispersing turntables 311, a drive rod 312, multiple rakes 313, two support platforms 314, and two turntable sprockets 315. The two support platforms 314 are fixed side by side on the frame 6. The dispersing turntables 311 are disposed between the two support platforms 314. The two turntable sprockets 315 are disposed one-to-one on opposite sides of the two dispersing turntables 311. The dispersing turntables 311 and the turntable sprockets 315 are all fixedly sleeved on the drive rod 312. The two ends of the drive rod 312 correspond one-to-one with the two rakes 313. The support platform 314 is rotatably connected, and multiple rubber rakes 313 are spaced apart circumferentially along the drive rod 312. Each end of a rubber rake 313 is connected to one of the two dispersing turntables 311. One of the turntable sprockets 315 is connected to the power motor 7 via a chain. The compaction mechanism 32 includes: a support and protective frame 321, two first support seats 322, multiple second support seats 323, a compaction drive shaft 324, a compaction turntable 325, a drive rod 326, multiple protrusions 327, a vibrating plate 328, multiple guide rods 329, and a drive shaft sprocket 311. 30. The support and protective frame 321 is fixedly installed on the frame 6. The first support seat 322 is fixedly installed above the support and protective frame 321. The dispersing turntable 325 and the drive shaft sprocket 330 are respectively arranged on the opposite side of the two first support seats 322. The dispersing drive shaft 324 rotatably passes through the first support seat 322. The dispersing turntable 325 and the drive shaft sprocket 330 are respectively fixedly sleeved on both ends of the dispersing drive shaft 324. The drive shaft sprocket 330 is connected to the other turntable sprocket via a chain. 315 connection, the top end of the transmission rod 326 is eccentrically disposed on the side wall of the dispersing turntable 325 and hinged to the side wall of the dispersing turntable 325, the bottom end of the transmission rod 326 is hinged to the top end of the vibrating plate 328, the second support seat 323 is fixedly installed below the support and protective frame 321, a plurality of guide rods 329 slide vertically through a plurality of second support seats 323 in a one-to-one correspondence, the bottom end of the guide rod 329 is fixedly connected to the top end of the vibrating plate 328, and a plurality of protrusions 327 are fixed at intervals to the bottom end of the vibrating plate 328.

[0064] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of this utility model, the vibratory plate 328 is equipped with multiple frequency converters, so that the protrusion 327 can further improve the separation effect of soil and crops through vibration.

[0065] Furthermore, it should be noted that in the technical solution of this utility model, depending on the size of the crop, the transmission rod 326 of different lengths or the compaction turntable 325 of different specifications can be replaced, so that when the protrusion 327 is pressed down to the lowest position, the distance between it and the elastic grid mesh 41 is within the size range of the crop. Taking a water chestnut as an example, the general height of a water chestnut is 2-5cm. Therefore, the transmission rod 326 of different lengths or the compaction turntable 325 of different specifications can be replaced, so that when the protrusion 327 is pressed down to the lowest position, the distance between the bottom end of the protrusion 327 and the elastic grid mesh 41 is 2-5cm. This distance is just enough to ensure that the water chestnut is squeezed and vibrated out of the soil without being damaged by the squeezing.

[0066] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are as follows: the power motor, through a chain and a turntable sprocket, facilitates the rotation of the drive rod, the dispersing turntable, and multiple rakes. The rakes facilitate the initial dispersing and separation of the mixture of crops and soil during rotation. The turntable sprocket is connected to the drive shaft sprocket through a chain, which facilitates the rotation of the compaction drive shaft, thereby driving the compaction turntable to rotate. This causes the drive rod to move up and down with the rotation of the compaction turntable, ultimately causing multiple irregularly arranged protrusions at the bottom of the vibratory plate to compress the soil surrounding the crop fruit during the up and down movement. The multiple irregularly arranged protrusions at the bottom of the vibratory plate maintain a reasonable distance from the rotatable elastic grid, reducing damage to the fruit. This also works in conjunction with the soil cutting device to further separate the mixture of crops and soil. The guide rod, in conjunction with the second support seat, facilitates the vertical displacement of the vibratory plate and the protrusions.

[0067] Preferred, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the soil cutting device 4 includes an elastic grid mesh 41 and a support mesh 42. The elastic grid mesh 41 is a ring-shaped mesh structure that is rotatably set below the deep excavation device 2 and the soil-fruit separation device 3. The support mesh 42 is installed on the frame 6 and is set below the compaction mechanism 32. The support mesh 42 is set close to the upper inner part of the elastic grid mesh 41.

[0068] It should be noted that in the technical solution of this utility model, both the elastic grid mesh 41 and the supporting mesh 42 are provided with meshes for soil to pass through, and the mesh size on the elastic grid mesh 41 is smaller than the mesh size on the supporting mesh 42.

[0069] The principle of the protrusion 327 working with the elastic grid 41 and the carrying net 42 to cut the soil is as follows: After the crops and soil, which have been initially broken apart by the dispersing mechanism 31, fall onto the elastic grid 41, the mixed clumps of crops and soil, as well as the crops that have been initially separated and are covered with soil, will move to the underside of the vibrating plate 328 as the elastic grid 41 rotates. The protrusion 327 moves up and down while vibrating, which will squeeze the soil downwards and press the soil down through the mesh of the elastic grid 41 and the carrying net 42. At this time, as the elastic grid 41 continues to rotate, there will be a relative displacement between the elastic grid 41 and the carrying net 42. Then the soil that originally passed through the mesh of the elastic grid 41 and the carrying net 42 will be cut off and fall onto the second transverse conveyor belt 64.

[0070] The elastic grid mesh 41 is connected to the power motor 7 through multiple tension drive wheels, connecting shafts and chains, thereby enabling the elastic grid mesh 41 to be rotatably mounted on the frame 6.

[0071] The beneficial effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the bearing net is conducive to relative movement with the elastic grid during the rotation of the elastic grid, thereby cutting off the soil pressed down by the compaction mechanism and preventing the soil from rotating into the elevator along with the elastic grid.

[0072] Preferred, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, multiple rollers 61 are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the frame 6. Two soil slide plates 63 and a second transverse conveyor belt 64 are installed inside the frame 6. The second transverse conveyor belt 64 is located inside the elastic grid mesh 41 and below the guide mechanism 23, the dispersing mechanism 31, and the compaction mechanism 32. The second transverse conveyor belt 64 is connected to the power motor 7 via a chain and sprocket. The two soil slide plates 63 are obliquely arranged below the pressurized air blowing mechanism 33 and below the vertical conveyor belt 22 and the guide mechanism 23, respectively. The bottom ends of the two soil slide plates 63 are located above the second transverse conveyor belt 64. The elastic grid mesh 41 is sleeved on the outside of the two soil slide plates 63 and the second transverse conveyor belt 64. A discharge slide plate 62 is fixedly installed on the frame 6 at an angle downwards. The top end of the discharge slide plate 62 is located near the elastic grid mesh 41, and its bottom end is located above the elevator 5.

[0073] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred scheme are: the soil slide plate is conducive to guiding the soil blown down by the pressurized air blowing mechanism and the soil falling between the vertical conveyor belt and the guiding mechanism to the second transverse conveyor belt. The second transverse conveyor belt is conducive to receiving the soil falling during the operation of the deep shovel mechanism, the dispersing mechanism, the compaction mechanism and the pressurized air blowing mechanism, and transporting the soil back to the field. The rollers are conducive to supporting the frame and facilitating the movement of the harvester in the field. The discharge slide plate is conducive to transporting the elastic grid over and the crops separated from the soil to the elevator.

[0074] Preferred, such as Figures 11 to 13 As shown, it also includes a sorting device 9, which includes a support 91, multiple receiving hoppers 92, and a screen plate 93. The support 91 is fixedly installed on the excavator 8. The screen plate 93 is inclined and fixedly installed on the top of the support 91. The multiple receiving hoppers 92 are fixed side by side on the support 91. The receiving hoppers 92 are located below the screen plate 93. The discharge port of the elevator 5 is located above the upwardly inclined end of the screen plate 93. The screen plate 93 is provided with multiple sets of screen holes 94. The screen holes 94 are through holes. The size of the multiple sets of screen holes 94 gradually increases from top to bottom along the inclined direction of the screen plate 93. The multiple receiving hoppers 92 are arranged one-to-one below the multiple sets of screen holes 94.

[0075] The advantages of adopting the above-mentioned preferred solution are: the sieve plate is installed at an incline on the top of the support, and with multiple sets of sieve holes, it is beneficial to use gravity to screen out crops of various sizes and store them in the receiving hopper.

[0076] The working process of this utility model is described below:

[0077] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, taking the harvesting of water chestnuts as an example, when the harvester moves in the field, the loosening rotary blade 111 rotates continuously due to contact with the topsoil and the crop vines on it. As the loosening rotary blade 111 rotates, it loosens or cuts the topsoil and crop vines. Along the opposite direction of the harvester's movement, the shallow shovel 121 flattens up the loosened or cut topsoil and crop vines. As more and more topsoil and crop vines accumulate in the shallow shovel 121, these topsoil and crop vines are squeezed into the first transverse conveyor belt 122 and moved along the first transverse conveyor belt 122 to the side in the direction of the harvester's movement. Simultaneously, the deep shovel 211 scoops up the deep soil where water chestnuts grow and enters the vertical conveyor belt 22. Driven by the vertical conveyor belt 22, the mixture of water chestnuts and soil is moved upward to the guide mechanism 23 and slides down the first guide plate 231. When the mixture of water chestnuts and soil is about to slide out of the first guide plate 231, multiple rakes 313 continuously rotate to initially break up and separate the mixture of water chestnuts and soil. The mixture of water chestnuts and soil that has been initially broken up falls onto the elastic grid 41. Some of the larger mixtures break up due to the force when they fall onto the elastic grid 41. At this time, the elastic grid 41 is covered with water chestnuts with soil adhering to them and unseparated water chestnuts. The clumps of horseshoe-shaped stones and soil will shift as the elastic grid 41 rotates. When they reach below the vibrating plate 328, the unseparated clumps of horseshoe-shaped stones and soil will be further broken up and separated under the continuous downward pressure of the protrusion 327 and the vibration. The soil, under the downward pressure of the protrusion 327, passes through the mesh of the elastic grid 41 and the supporting net 42. As the elastic grid 41 rotates, the elastic grid 41 and the supporting net 42 shift relative to each other, thereby cutting the soil. The soil adhering to the mesh of the elastic grid 41 and the supporting net 42 is cut off and falls onto the second transverse conveyor belt 64, preventing the soil from continuing to shift with the elastic grid 41. The soil that has already separated and has soil adhering to its surface is now removed. The hoofs will move as the elastic grid 41 rotates. When the hoofs with soil adhering to their surface move to the area below the pressurized air blowing mechanism 33, the high-pressure gas blows downwards, blowing out the soil adhering to the surface of the hoofs. The soil then enters the second transverse conveyor belt 64 through the mesh of the elastic grid 41 and the soil slide plate 63. The second transverse conveyor belt 64 then moves the soil to the side in the direction of the harvester's movement. The hoofs that have had the soil separated by the high-pressure air blowing then enter the elevator 5 through the discharge slide plate 62. Under the lifting action of the elevator 5, they enter the screen plate 93. Under the action of gravity, hoofs of different sizes will pass through the screen holes 94 of different sizes and enter different receiving hoppers 92, ultimately achieving soil separation, hoof harvesting, and screening.

[0078] This utility model has the following advantages:

[0079] 1. It has multiple functions such as harvesting and digging, and can be separated and combined. When separated, it becomes an excavator, which can also be used for agricultural engineering. When combined, it becomes a harvester, which can both harvest and do engineering. It can be used all year round, produce greater benefits, and can fully meet the development needs of new agricultural productivity. It is a good helper for rural revitalization, strengthening agriculture and enriching farmers.

[0080] 2. When used as a harvester, the replacement of the loosening blades enables compatible harvesting of crops such as garlic, onions, arrowhead, beets, sweet potatoes, and potatoes, which is very convenient and overcomes the shortcomings of current single-function machines, such as low efficiency and limited usage. When a small part of the field is irregular and automatic harvesting cannot be completed, the digging function can be used to assist in achieving automated harvesting.

[0081] 3. The depth ratio between shallow and deep shovels can be adjusted hydraulically;

[0082] 4. Based on the growth and maturity patterns of crops such as water chestnuts, garlic, onions, arrowhead, beets, sweet potatoes, and potatoes, separate harvesting is implemented before and after harvesting. When harvesting water chestnuts, the topsoil is removed laterally using a soil loosening knife and a shallow shovel, and then transported laterally via the first transverse conveyor belt. When harvesting crops such as garlic, onions, arrowhead, beets, sweet potatoes, and potatoes, the soil loosening rotary knife is replaced with a vertical rotating cutter or shears to cut the vines, and then the vines are transported laterally via a shallow shovel and the first transverse conveyor belt.

[0083] 5. The deep shovel scoops up the soil covering the fruit and then transports it upwards by the vertical conveyor belt;

[0084] 6. A guiding mechanism is provided at the end of the vertical conveyor belt, and a dispersing turntable is provided behind the guiding mechanism. A belt or rake is provided on the dispersing turntable. The rotation of the dispersing turntable drives the belt or rake to loosen the soil covering the fruit, thus achieving the initial separation of soil and fruit. Due to the extensibility of the belt or rake, damage to the fruit is reduced.

[0085] 7. The upper rear part of the dispersing turntable is equipped with irregularly protruding bumps and a variable frequency vibrating plate that can move up and down. Due to the pressure of the bumps moving up and down and the effect of vibration, the soil and fruit are separated again, overcoming the limitation of fruit harvesting by sticky soil.

[0086] 8. A support net is installed below the elastic grid to cut the pressed soil and achieve rapid separation of the soil after it falls.

[0087] 9. A pressurized air blowing mechanism is provided at the rear end of the compaction mechanism. The soil is loosened and scattered downwards by the impact force of high-pressure air, overcoming the limitation of soft soil moisture content on fruit harvesting; a second transverse conveyor belt is provided inside the rotatable elastic grid, which can quickly output the falling soil laterally.

[0088] 10. After separation, the fruits are conveyed to the elevator via the feeding slide, and then to the sorting device via the lifting mechanism to achieve grading and bagging, ultimately realizing the compatible fully automatic harvesting of crops such as water chestnuts, garlic, onions, arrowhead, beets, sweet potatoes, and potatoes.

[0089] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0090] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0091] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0092] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0093] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0094] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compatible horse-shoe harvester characterized in that, include: Shallow excavation device (1), deep excavation device (2), fruit and soil separation device (3), soil cutting device (4), hoist (5), frame (6), power motor (7) and excavator (8); The frame (6) is mounted on the excavator (8). The shallow excavation device (1), the deep excavation device (2), the fruit and soil separation device (3) and the hoist (5) are mounted on the frame (6) from front to back. The soil cutting device (4) is mounted on the frame (6) and is located below the deep excavation device (2) and the fruit and soil separation device (3). The power motor (7) is mounted on the frame (6) and is connected to the shallow excavation device (1), the deep excavation device (2), the fruit and soil separation device (3) and the soil cutting device (4) through a transmission mechanism.

2. The compatible horse hoof harvester according to claim 1, wherein, The shallow excavation device (1) includes a soil loosening mechanism (11) and a shallow shovel mechanism (12), wherein the soil loosening mechanism (11) is located in front of the shallow shovel mechanism (12); The soil loosening mechanism (11) includes: multiple soil loosening rotary cutters (111), a protective cover (112), a first hydraulic rod (113), a first soil loosening hinge shaft (114), two soil loosening connecting arms (115), and a second soil loosening hinge shaft (116). The multiple soil loosening rotary cutters (111) are arranged side-by-side inside the protective cover (112). The soil loosening rotary cutters (111) are rotatably mounted on the first soil loosening hinge shaft (114). The two soil loosening connecting arms (115) are connected to the first soil loosening hinge shaft (116). One is correspondingly arranged on the outer side of both ends of the protective cover (112). The two ends of the first soil loosening hinge shaft (114) are rotatably connected to one end of the two soil loosening connecting arms (115). The two ends of the second soil loosening hinge shaft (116) pass through the other end of the two soil loosening connecting arms (115) and are fixedly connected to the frame (6). The first hydraulic rod (113) is installed on the frame (6) and its output shaft is hinged to the protective cover (112). The shallow shovel mechanism (12) includes: a shallow shovel blade (121), a first transverse conveyor belt (122), and multiple shallow shovel connecting arms (123). The shallow shovel blade (121) has a U-shaped plate structure. The second loosening hinge shaft (116) is located inside the shallow shovel blade (121), and its two ends pass through the two side walls of the shallow shovel blade (121) respectively. The first transverse conveyor belt (122) is located at the end of the shallow shovel blade (121) away from the loosening rotary cutter (111). The first transverse conveyor belt (122) is connected to the power motor (7) for transmission. The top and bottom ends of the shallow shovel connecting arms (123) are fixedly connected to the frame (6) and the first transverse conveyor belt (122) respectively. The shallow shovel blade (121) is fixedly connected to the frame (6).

3. A compatible horse hoof harvester according to claim 2, wherein, The deep excavation device (2) includes: a deep shovel mechanism (21), a vertical conveyor belt (22), a guide mechanism (23), and a second hydraulic rod (24). The vertical conveyor belt (22) is inclined and fixedly installed on the frame (6). The vertical conveyor belt (22) is connected to the power motor (7) for transmission. The deep shovel mechanism (21) is adapted to and slidably disposed at the lower end of the vertical conveyor belt (22). The guide mechanism (23) is disposed at the upper end of the vertical conveyor belt (22). The second hydraulic rod (24) is installed on the frame (6), and its output shaft is hinged to the deep shovel mechanism (21).

4. A compatible horse hoof harvester according to claim 3, wherein, The deep shovel mechanism (21) includes a deep shovel blade (211) and a deep shovel blade connecting plate (212). The deep shovel blade (211) has a U-shaped plate structure. The deep shovel blade connecting plate (212) is disposed inside the deep shovel blade (211), and its two ends are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the deep shovel blade (211). The output shaft of the second hydraulic rod (24) is hinged to the deep shovel blade connecting plate (212). The deep shovel blade (211) is disposed below the rear end of the shallow shovel blade (121).

5. The compatible horse hoof harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein, The guiding mechanism (23) includes: a first guide plate (231), a vertical limiting plate (232), two upright plates (233) and two second guide plates (234); Two upright plates (233) are fixed side by side on the frame (6). The first guide plate (231) is inclined downward toward the fruit and soil separation device (3), and its two ends are connected to the two upright plates (233) respectively. The vertical limiting plate (232) is disposed between the two upright plates (233) and can be moved up and down. The two ends of the vertical limiting plate (232) are slidably connected to the two upright plates (233) respectively. The second guide plate (234) is an arc-shaped plate structure. One end of the second guide plate (234) is fixedly installed on the first guide plate (231), and its other end is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the vertical conveyor belt (22).

6. The compatible horse hoof harvesting machine according to claim 3, wherein, The fruit and soil separation device (3) includes: a dispersing mechanism (31), a compressing mechanism (32), and a pressurizing air blowing mechanism (33). The two ends of the dispersing mechanism (31) are connected to the power motor (7) and the compressing mechanism (32) respectively. The dispersing mechanism (31) is located close to the guide mechanism (23). The pressurizing air blowing mechanism (33) is located at the end of the compressing mechanism (32) away from the dispersing mechanism (31). The dispersing mechanism (31), the compressing mechanism (32), and the pressurizing air blowing mechanism (33) are all fixedly installed on the frame (6).

7. A compatible horse hoof harvester according to claim 6, wherein, The dispersing mechanism (31) includes: two dispersing turntables (311), a drive rod (312), multiple rakes (313), two support platforms (314), and two turntable sprockets (315). The two support platforms (314) are fixed side by side on the frame (6). The dispersing turntables (311) are arranged between the two support platforms (314). The two turntable sprockets (315) are arranged one-to-one on the opposite sides of the two dispersing turntables (311). The disc (311) and the turntable sprocket (315) are both fixedly sleeved on the drive rod (312). The two ends of the drive rod (312) are rotatably connected to the two support platforms (314) respectively. A plurality of rubber rakes (313) are arranged circumferentially along the drive rod (312). The two ends of the rubber rakes (313) are connected to the two dispersing turntables (311) respectively. One of the turntable sprockets (315) is connected to the power motor (7) through a chain. The dispersion mechanism (32) includes: a support and protective frame (321), two first support seats (322), multiple second support seats (323), a dispersion drive shaft (324), a dispersion turntable (325), a drive rod (326), multiple protrusions (327), a vibrating plate (328), multiple guide rods (329), and a drive shaft sprocket (330). The support and protective frame (321) is fixedly installed on the frame (6). The first support seats (322) are fixedly installed above the support and protective frame (321). The dispersion turntable (325) and the drive shaft sprocket (330) are arranged one-to-one on the side of the two first support seats (322) that are far apart from each other. The dispersion drive shaft (324) rotatably passes through the first support seats (322). The dispersion turntable (325) and the drive shaft... Sprockets (330) are fixedly sleeved at both ends of the compression drive shaft (324). The drive shaft sprocket (330) is connected to another turntable sprocket (315) via a chain. The top end of the drive rod (326) is eccentrically set on the side wall of the compression turntable (325) and hinged to the side wall of the compression turntable (325). The bottom end of the drive rod (326) is hinged to the top end of the vibrating plate (328). The second support seat (323) is fixedly installed below the support and protective frame (321). Multiple guide rods (329) slide vertically through multiple second support seats (323) in a corresponding manner. The bottom end of the guide rod (329) is fixedly connected to the top end of the vibrating plate (328). Multiple protrusions (327) are fixed at intervals to the bottom end of the vibrating plate (328).

8. A compatible horseshoe harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil cutting device (4) includes an elastic grid mesh (41) and a support mesh (42). The elastic grid mesh (41) is a ring-shaped mesh structure that is rotatably set below the deep excavation device (2) and the fruit and soil separation device (3). The support mesh (42) is installed on the frame (6) and is set below the compaction mechanism (32). The support mesh (42) is set close to the upper inner part of the elastic grid mesh (41).

9. A compatible horse hoof harvester according to claim 8, wherein, Multiple rollers (61) are rotatably mounted on the bottom end of the frame (6). Two soil slide plates (63) and a second transverse conveyor belt (64) are installed inside the frame (6). The second transverse conveyor belt (64) is located inside the elastic grid mesh (41) and below the guide mechanism (23), the dispersing mechanism (31), and the compaction mechanism (32). The second transverse conveyor belt (64) is connected to the power motor (7) via a chain and sprocket. The two soil slide plates (63) are inclined in a corresponding manner. The bottom ends of the two soil slide plates (63) are located below the pressurized air blowing mechanism (33) and between the vertical conveyor belt (22) and the guide mechanism (23), and the elastic grid mesh (41) is sleeved on the outside of the two soil slide plates (63) and the second transverse conveyor belt (64); a discharge slide plate (62) is fixedly installed on the frame (6) at an angle downwards, with the top of the discharge slide plate (62) close to the elastic grid mesh (41) and its bottom end located above the elevator (5).

10. A compatible horse hoof harvester according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It also includes a sorting device (9), which includes a bracket (91), multiple receiving hoppers (92) and a screen plate (93). The bracket (91) is fixedly installed on the excavator (8). The screen plate (93) is inclined and fixedly installed on the top of the bracket (91). Multiple receiving hoppers (92) are fixed side by side on the bracket (91). The receiving hoppers (92) are located below the screen plate (93). The discharge port of the elevator (5) is located above the upwardly inclined end of the screen plate (93). Multiple sets of screen holes (94) are provided on the screen plate (93). The screen holes (94) are through holes. The size of the multiple sets of screen holes (94) gradually increases from top to bottom along the inclined direction of the screen plate (93). The multiple receiving hoppers (92) are arranged one-to-one below the multiple sets of screen holes (94).

Images