Self-adaptive ventilation and flow guide device for factory building

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of plant ventilation equipment, and particularly discloses a self-adaptive plant ventilation flow guide device which comprises an air cap, an air neck is arranged at an opening in the lower end of the air cap and comprises an inner flow guide cylinder and an outer flow guide cylinder which are coaxially arranged, and a second flow guide opening is formed in the side wall of the outer flow guide cylinder; the inner flow guide cylinder extends to the inner side of the outer flow guide cylinder, a ventilation flow guide mechanism is arranged in the inner flow guide cylinder, and the ventilation flow guide mechanism and a first flow guide opening formed in the side wall of the hood form an exhaust path. Poisonous gas generated in a factory building is detected through a PID photoion sensor, then an electric telescopic rod and a motor are controlled to be started, the electric telescopic rod can drive the motor and an insertion block to move upwards, meanwhile, the motor drives the insertion block to rotate till the insertion block is correspondingly inserted into the inner wall of an insertion groove, then a connecting rod and fan blades are actively driven to rotate, the fan blades are controlled to rotate, and the fan blades are driven to rotate. Therefore, the self-adaptive ventilation of the ventilation device can be improved, and the influence on the health of workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of factory ventilation equipment, specifically, it relates to an adaptive factory ventilation diversion device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of roof ventilation systems, wind caps are widely used in steel-framed factories and commercial buildings in industries such as metallurgy, textiles, and warehousing. Their non-powered design utilizes a streamlined airflow structure to drive an internal turbine using natural wind power, achieving effective ventilation without electricity consumption and significantly reducing indoor temperatures in summer.

[0003] In industrial settings such as chemical processing, electroplating, and printing, where high concentrations of volatile toxic gases (such as benzene compounds and hydrogen sulfide) are generated, the passive ventilation mechanism of traditional non-powered ventilators is increasingly revealing its significant shortcomings. When the factory is in a calm environment or with insufficient air pressure gradient, traditional non-powered ventilators can only rely on thermal pressure to drive airflow, resulting in low ventilation volume. According to fluid dynamics simulations, in a closed factory, the diffusion coefficient of toxic gas molecules is affected by the temperature gradient. If relying solely on natural convection, the accumulation rate of harmful substances at the breathing zone height can reach 0.8m. 3 The concentration of pollutants in the work area can exceed national occupational health standards (such as PC-TWA limits) within 15 minutes, causing the concentration to rise to a dangerously high level. This accumulation effect not only poses a risk of acute poisoning to operators but also forms a corrosive condensate layer on metal surfaces, accelerating equipment aging.

[0004] Based on this, this utility model proposes an adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device to construct a composite ventilation system of "wind cap + mechanical exhaust + air replacement" to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device to solve the problem that the passive ventilation mechanism of traditional non-powered wind caps results in low exhaust efficiency due to natural wind exhaust or air pressure exhaust, which can easily cause health effects on workers in the factory.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device includes a wind cap, with a wind neck at the lower opening of the wind cap. The wind neck includes an inner guide tube and an outer guide tube arranged coaxially. The outer guide tube is located outside the inner guide tube and is detachably and sealingly connected to the factory's ventilation opening. Multiple sets of second guide ports are opened on its side wall as air intake channels. The inner guide tube extends to the inside of the outer guide tube, and a ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism is provided inside the inner guide tube. The ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism communicates with multiple sets of first guide ports provided on the side wall of the wind cap to form an exhaust path.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the inner guide tube and the upper port of the outer guide tube are flush and closed, forming an air replenishment channel in the annular gap, and several connecting parts are evenly distributed along the lower opening edge of the outer guide tube.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the ventilation guiding mechanism includes a first support frame disposed on the inner wall of the inner guide tube, and a PID photoionization sensor is disposed on the lower side of the first support frame.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the output end of the upper electric telescopic rod of the first support frame is connected to a motor, the output end of the motor is connected to a plug, and the plug is connected to a slot provided on the outer wall of the connecting rod away from the wind cap.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the end of the connecting rod away from the bearing is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top of the wind cap, and a fan blade is connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a second support frame is further provided on the top of the first support frame, and a bearing is provided on the end face of the second support frame away from the first support frame, and the connecting rod is connected to the second support frame through the bearing.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the insert is shaped like a cross, and the outer wall of the insert fits snugly against the inner wall of the slot.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the fan blades are arranged in pairs symmetrically on the outer wall of the connecting rod.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the first support frame and the second support frame are respectively distributed in a cross shape inside the wind cap, and the first support frame is connected to the inner wall of the inner guide tube.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the wind cap is a spherical shell structure with a closed upper end, and an inclined baffle is provided on the outside of the first air guide.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Through the structural design of the air neck and air cap, a complete exhaust path can be formed between the first and second air guide ports and the ventilation guide mechanism. When the PID photoionization sensor detects that the concentration of toxic gas in the plant exceeds the standard, the ventilation guide mechanism is activated to achieve high-speed exhaust, forcibly expelling the polluted air in the plant through the first air guide port. At this time, the second air guide port of the outer air guide tube serves as a replenishment air channel, forming directional convection with the exhaust port at the top of the air cap to achieve a dynamic balance between energy saving and safety. During daily operation, the ventilation guide mechanism is closed, and the basic ventilation volume is maintained by natural wind pressure through the second air guide port, achieving a dynamic balance between energy saving and safety.

[0019] 2. By incorporating a ventilation guide mechanism, when the PID photoionization sensor detects excessive concentrations of toxic gases in the factory, it automatically controls the electric telescopic rod and motor to start. The electric telescopic rod drives the motor and insert block upwards, while the motor rotates the insert block until it is inserted into the inner wall of the corresponding slot. This actively drives the connecting rod and fan blades to rotate, thus actively controlling the rotation of the air cap and fan blades, accelerating the removal of toxic gases. This improves the adaptive ventilation of the ventilation system, minimizing the health impact on workers. It solves the problem of low exhaust efficiency and potential health hazards associated with traditional passive ventilation mechanisms using natural wind or air pressure exhaust. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device of this utility model from the main viewing angle;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device of this utility model from an upward viewing angle;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the wind cap and ventilation guide mechanism of this utility model from a bottom view angle;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind neck of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a control logic block diagram of the adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device of this utility model.

[0028] Figure label:

[0029] 1. Wind cap; 2. Wind neck; 21. Inner guide tube; 22. Outer guide tube; 23. Connector; 24. Second guide port; 3. First support frame; 4. Electric telescopic rod; 5. Motor; 6. PID photoionization sensor; 7. Second support frame; 8. Bearing; 9. Connecting rod; 10. Fan blade; 11. Slot; 12. Insert block; 13. First guide port; 14. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0032] Reference Figures 1 to 7 An adaptive factory ventilation and airflow guiding device includes a wind cap 1, which is a spherical shell structure closed at the top. A neck 2 for connection and ventilation is provided at the lower opening of the wind cap 1. The neck 2 includes an inner guide tube 21 and an outer guide tube 22 coaxially arranged. The outer guide tube 22 is located outside the inner guide tube 21 and is detachably and sealingly connected to the factory's ventilation opening. Multiple sets of second guide ports 24 are provided on its side wall as air intake channels. The inner guide tube 21 extends to the inside of the outer guide tube 22, and a ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism is provided inside the inner guide tube 21. The ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism communicates with multiple sets of first guide ports 13 provided on the side wall of the wind cap 1, forming a complete exhaust path.

[0033] In the above description, a PID photoionization sensor 6 is also installed inside the inner guide tube 21. When the PID photoionization sensor 6 detects that the concentration of toxic gas in the plant exceeds the standard, the ventilation guide mechanism is activated to achieve high-speed exhaust, forcibly expelling the polluted air in the plant through the first guide port 13. At this time, the second guide port 24 of the outer guide tube 22 serves as a replenishment air channel, forming directional convection with the exhaust port at the top of the hood 1 to achieve a dynamic balance between energy saving and safety. During normal operation, the ventilation guide mechanism is closed, and natural wind pressure is used to maintain the basic ventilation volume through the second guide port 24, achieving a dynamic balance between energy saving and safety.

[0034] It should be noted that the PID photoionization sensor 6 generates ions by exciting the gas with ultraviolet light. After the ions are detected, they are converted into an electrical signal. It is suitable for detecting toxic gases such as aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, and ammonia, and has high sensitivity and wide applicability. Its specific detection principle is prior art known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an inclined baffle 14 is also provided on the outside of the first guide port 13. The baffle 14 is used to block external debris during use, so as to prevent debris from entering the inside of the wind cap 1 and affecting the environment inside the factory.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner guide tube 21 and the outer guide tube 22 are coaxially nested, with their upper ends flush and closed, forming a replenishment airflow channel in the annular gap. The outer guide tube 22 is fitted outside the inner guide tube 21, and its side wall has a second guide port 24 that communicates with the replenishment airflow channel, serving as an air intake channel in emergency situations. When the ventilation guide mechanism is activated, polluted air is forcibly discharged through the inner guide tube 21, while fresh air from outside enters the replenishment airflow channel through the second guide port 24, forming a directional airflow circulation within the wind cap 1. Several L-shaped connectors 23 are evenly distributed along the lower opening edge of the outer guide tube 22. These connectors are fixed to the factory ventilation port flange by bolts passing through the waist-shaped holes of the connectors 23, achieving a detachable and sealed connection. The L-shaped structure of the connectors 23 can compensate for installation plane errors, ensuring that the coaxiality deviation between the wind cap 2 and the ventilation port does not exceed the sealing design requirements. In emergency ventilation mode, the combined effect of the air supply channel and the second air guide 24 can effectively increase the air intake volume. Combined with the forced exhaust function of the inner air guide 21, a complete gas replacement circuit is formed, which effectively avoids the accumulation of toxic gases in the factory.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism includes a first support frame 3 installed on the inner wall of the inner airflow guiding cylinder 21. The PID photoionization sensor 6 is installed on the lower side of the first support frame 3 and is used to detect toxic gases in the factory during use, thereby actively controlling the rotation of the air hood 1 to accelerate the discharge of toxic gases.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the output end of the upper electric telescopic rod 4 of the first support frame 3 is connected to a motor 5, and the output end of the motor 5 is connected to a plug 12. The plug 12 is used in conjunction with a slot 11 set on the outer wall of the connecting rod 9 away from the wind cap 1. The end of the connecting rod 9 away from the bearing 8 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top of the wind cap 1, and a fan blade 10 is connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod 9. The fan blade 10 is used to adjust the position of the motor 5 by extending the electric telescopic rod 4, so that the motor 5 can drive the connecting rod 9 to rotate. Then, the fan blade 10 rotates to generate negative pressure, and the toxic gas inside the factory is discharged through the inner guide tube 21.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a second support frame 7 is also provided on the top of the first support frame 3. A bearing 8 is installed on the end face of the second support frame 7 away from the first support frame 3. The connecting rod 9 is connected to the second support frame 7 through the bearing 8, realizing the rotational connection between the connecting rod 9 and the second support frame 7.

[0040] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, the shape of the insert 12 is set as a cross, and the outer wall of the insert 12 fits snugly against the inner wall of the slot 11. There are four fan blades 10, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs on the outer wall of the connecting rod 9. The cross-shaped slot 11 and the insert 12 can improve the stability of their engagement, thereby improving the stability of actively driving the fan blades 10 to rotate.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first support frame 3 and the second support frame 7 are respectively distributed in a "+" shape inside the wind cap 1, and the first support frame 3 is connected to the inner wall of the inner guide tube 21, so that it can be connected to the inside of the inner guide tube 21 at four points, thereby improving the stability of the device during operation.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, both the electric telescopic rod 4 and the motor 5 are connected to a power source (existing technology, not shown in the figure) located inside the hood 1, and the power source supplies power to the electric telescopic rod 4 and the motor 5.

[0043] The implementation principle of the adaptive factory ventilation diversion device described in this embodiment is as follows:

[0044] When a large amount of toxic gas is generated in the factory, the PID photoionization sensor 6 will detect the concentration C of the toxic gas. 当前 >C 阈值 At this time, the abnormal signal can be transmitted to the controller through the PID photoionization sensor 6. Then, the controller will activate the brightness control switch to asynchronously power the electric telescopic rod 4 and the motor 5. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 4 will drive the motor 5 to move upward, so that the plug 12 can move and contact the slot 11 (with a displacement sensor at the bottom) during the upward movement of the motor 5. The displacement sensor will be activated and send a feedback signal to the controller. After receiving the feedback signal, the controller will control the control switch of the motor 5 to be powered on. At the same time, the output end of the motor 5 will rotate and drive the plug 12 to rotate. This will connect the output end of the motor 5 to the connecting rod 9. As the output end of the motor 5 rotates, it will drive the connecting rod 9 to rotate. At the same time, the connecting rod 9 will synchronously drive the wind cap 1 and the fan blade 10 to rotate. This allows the motor 5 to rotate actively, thereby accelerating the rotation speed of the wind cap 1 and the fan blade 10, thus accelerating the rapid discharge of toxic gases. This will improve the adaptive ventilation of the ventilation device and minimize the impact on the health of the staff.

[0045] It should be noted that the electric telescopic rod 4, motor 5, controller, control switch and displacement sensor are all existing technologies known to those skilled in the art. Their specific models and power supply methods can be selected according to requirements, and will not be elaborated here.

[0046] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device, characterized by, Includes a wind cap (1), and a wind neck (2) is provided at the lower opening of the wind cap (1). The wind neck (2) includes an inner guide tube (21) and an outer guide tube (22) arranged coaxially. The outer guide tube (22) is located outside the inner guide tube (21) and is detachably and sealed to the ventilation port of the factory. Multiple sets of second guide ports (24) are opened on its side wall as air intake channels. The inner guide tube (21) extends to the inside of the outer guide tube (22), and a ventilation guide mechanism is provided on the inside of the inner guide tube (21). The ventilation guide mechanism is connected to multiple sets of first guide ports (13) provided on the side wall of the wind cap (1) to form an exhaust path.

2. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner guide tube (21) is flush with and closed at the upper end of the outer guide tube (22), forming a gas replenishment channel in the annular gap, and several connectors (23) are evenly distributed along the lower opening edge of the outer guide tube (22).

3. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 1, wherein, The ventilation and airflow guiding mechanism includes a first support frame (3) installed on the inner wall of the inner airflow guiding cylinder (21), and a PID photoionization sensor (6) is installed on the lower side of the first support frame (3).

4. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that The output end of the upper electric telescopic rod (4) of the first support frame (3) is connected to a motor (5), and the output end of the motor (5) is connected to a plug (12). The plug (12) is connected to a slot (11) on the outer wall of the connecting rod (9) away from the wind cap (1).

5. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device according to claim 4, characterized in that The end of the connecting rod (9) away from the bearing (8) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the top of the wind cap (1), and a fan blade (10) is connected to the outer wall of the connecting rod (9).

6. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 4, wherein, A second support frame (7) is also provided on the top of the first support frame (3). A bearing (8) is provided on the end face of the second support frame (7) away from the first support frame (3). The connecting rod (9) is connected to the second support frame (7) through the bearing (8).

7. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 4, wherein, The insert (12) is shaped like a cross, and the outer wall of the insert (12) fits snugly against the inner wall of the slot (11).

8. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 5, wherein, The fan blades (10) are arranged in pairs in a symmetrical structure on the outer wall of the connecting rod (9).

9. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 5, wherein, The first support frame (3) and the second support frame (7) are respectively distributed in a cross shape inside the wind cap (1), and the first support frame (3) is connected to the inner wall of the inner guide tube (21).

10. An adaptive plant ventilation flow guiding device as in claim 1, wherein, The wind cap (1) is a spherical shell structure with a closed upper end, and an inclined baffle (14) is provided on the outside of the first flow guide (13).

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