Volute and separator

Abstract

The volute comprises a surrounding plate, a volute hole, a first volute cover plate and a second volute cover plate, the first volute cover plate and the second volute cover plate are arranged on the two sides of the surrounding plate, the volute hole is eccentrically formed in the first volute cover plate, and a volute body with an inner cavity is defined by the first volute cover plate, the second volute cover plate and the surrounding plate. A discharge hole communicated with the inner cavity is formed in the volute body; a plurality of guide plates are arranged in the inner cavity, the guide plates are sequentially distributed in the extending direction of the coaming, the guide plates are installed between the first volute cover plate and the second volute cover plate, the guide plates gradually incline towards the coaming in the flowing direction of fluid in the inner cavity, and gaps are reserved between the guide plates and the coaming. And the material collecting cavity is used for collecting materials entering the gap. The volute has good separation capacity and can be used for interphase separation of fluid media. Compared with the existing separator, the separator disclosed by the utility model is higher in separation efficiency and better in separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a volute and a separator, belonging to the field of separation equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Separators are important separation equipment, mainly used for phase separation of different gravity media. They are widely used in many fields such as ore processing, chemical production, coal-fired power plants, cement production, glass manufacturing, metal smelting, and food processing. Especially in the processing of high specific gravity and high concentration solid impurities, cyclone separators have significant advantages over other separation equipment.

[0003] The separation mechanism of a cyclone separator is to rotate the fluid, using centrifugal force to separate the heavy phase from the fluid and collect it on the separator wall. Then, gravity causes the heavy phase to fall into a collection device. For example, a common cyclone separator includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a cylindrical body, a conical body, and an ash discharge pipe. The cylindrical body and the conical body are distributed at the top and bottom, respectively. The inlet pipe is connected to the cylindrical body, the ash discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the conical body, and the outlet pipe is connected to the top of the cylindrical body. Its structure is simple, easy to manufacture, install, and maintain, and has low equipment investment and operating costs.

[0004] Currently, separation equipment still suffers from drawbacks such as its inability to collect small particles, which limits further improvements in its separation efficiency. In the field of gas-solid separation, i.e., gas dust removal, multi-stage cyclone dust collectors or other dust removal equipment are typically used to meet dust removal requirements.

[0005] Chinese utility model patent CN208712148U discloses a rotary screen dust removal device, including a screen cylinder cover covering the side of the screen cylinder and an industrial dust removal device. The gas inlet of the industrial dust removal device is connected to the inner cavity of the screen cylinder cover via a pipe. The industrial dust removal device is a bag filter and / or a cyclone separator. A cyclone separator at the front separates larger particles, while a cyclone separator at the rear separates finer particles. After filtration by the two cyclone separators, the remaining fine dust enters the bag filter for further filtration. This dust removal equipment not only occupies a large area, increasing capital investment and maintenance difficulty, but also negatively impacts the equipment's smooth operation rate. A malfunction in any component can lead to the shutdown of the dust removal equipment, or even the entire production line, for repairs.

[0006] Chinese utility model CN203791071U discloses a volute cyclone dust collector, comprising a vertical cylindrical body, a volute disposed above the vertical cylindrical body, and an inlet pipe. An exhaust pipe is provided on the volute. The lower part of the vertical cylindrical body is a lower conical section, connected to a dust collection hopper. The volute is vertically arranged along the top of the vertical cylindrical body, and the exhaust pipe opens along the side of the volute. When dust-laden gas enters the cyclone dust collector through the tangential inlet, the airflow changes from linear motion to circular motion. Most of the rotating airflow spirals downwards along the inner wall of the dust collector, towards the conical section; this is commonly referred to as the external swirling airflow. During the rotation, the dust-laden gas generates centrifugal force, throwing dust particles with a relative density greater than that of the gas towards the dust collector wall. Once the dust particles contact the dust collector wall, they lose radial inertial force and fall along the wall due to downward momentum and gravity, entering the dust discharge pipe. When the descending outer swirling airflow reaches the cone, it contracts and moves towards the center of the dust collector. According to the principle of constant vortex torque, its tangential velocity continuously increases, and the centrifugal force on the dust particles also intensifies. When the airflow reaches a certain position at the lower end of the cone, it reverses direction from bottom to top in the same direction of rotation, continuing its spiral motion and forming an inner swirling airflow. Finally, the purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe, along with a small portion of the uncollected dust particles. There is still room for improvement in the dust removal efficiency of this cyclone dust collector.

[0007] Similar problems exist in the field of liquid-solid separation. For example, Chinese utility model CN2266041Y discloses a sediment separator, which is equipped with an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a cylindrical shell, a conical shell, a sand inlet, a sand collection tank, and a sand discharge outlet. The inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the circumference of the cylindrical shell, and the outlet pipe extending into the cylindrical shell is vertically connected to the top of the cylindrical shell. The conical shell is connected below the cylindrical shell, and the sand inlet at the bottom of the conical shell is connected to the sand collection tank. The sand collection tank has a sand discharge outlet. Water with a flow rate greater than 5 m / h enters the separator tangentially through the inlet pipe. Due to the reasonable matching of the separator's structural dimensions, the water rotates inside, generating centrifugal force, which pushes sand and other solid particles heavier than water to move towards the pipe wall to form a vortex, promoting the sediment to enter the sand collection tank. At the same time, the water rotates upward and enters the outlet pipe, completing the centrifugal filtration process of water and sediment. However, fine dust particles with lower gravity can also be carried into the water outlet pipe by the liquid, requiring secondary or even multiple treatments to achieve the desired separation and purification effect. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, one of the objectives of this utility model is to provide a volute with enhanced separation capability; the other objective of this utility model is to provide a cyclone separator with higher separation efficiency.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0010] A volute includes a surrounding plate, a volute hole, and a first volute cover plate and a second volute cover plate disposed on both sides of the surrounding plate. The volute hole is disposed on the first volute cover plate. The first volute cover plate, the second volute cover plate, and the surrounding plate form a volute body with an inner cavity. The volute body has a discharge port communicating with the inner cavity. Multiple guide plates are disposed within the inner cavity. The multiple guide plates are distributed sequentially along the extension direction of the surrounding plate and are installed between the first volute cover plate and the second volute cover plate. The guide plates gradually tilt towards the surrounding plate along the fluid flow direction within the inner cavity, and a gap is left between the guide plates and the surrounding plate. It also includes a collection chamber for collecting material entering the gap.

[0011] Therefore, fluid containing solid particles can be introduced into the volute through the volute orifice, causing the fluid to rotate within the volute's inner cavity, swinging towards the involute wall. During this rotation, centrifugal force is generated, throwing solid particles with a relative density greater than the fluid towards the surrounding plate. Since a guide plate is located near the surrounding plate, and this guide plate gradually tilts towards the surrounding plate along the fluid flow direction within the inner cavity, with a gap between the guide plate and the surrounding plate, the solid particles, upon reaching the surrounding plate, either have their kinetic energy reduced and continue along the involute direction due to the obstruction of the surrounding plate, or bounce back to the guide plate and are obstructed a second time, returning to the area between the guide plate and the surrounding plate. Thus, the solid particles can only move along the area between the inner wall of the surrounding plate (which is involute-shaped) and the guide plate, ultimately achieving collection and separation, and entering the collection chamber. The majority of the separated fluid is discharged through the outlet, thereby purifying the fluid. Therefore, the volute of this invention has separation capabilities, particularly for separating and removing fine particles from fluids, and can be used for phase separation of different media.

[0012] Furthermore, the gaps between each guide plate and the surrounding plate may be the same or different.

[0013] Preferably, the gap between each guide plate and the surrounding plate gradually increases when viewed along the fluid flow direction within the inner cavity. This results in a gradual increase in the accumulation of solid particles between the guide plates and the surrounding plates. By controlling the gradual increase in the gap between each guide plate and the surrounding plate (i.e., the guide plates are gradually moved away from the surrounding plates), it helps a larger amount of solid particles accumulating at the rear end of the separation path to pass through and enter the collection chamber more smoothly, thus ensuring a good separation effect.

[0014] Preferably, the collection chamber is located on the inner wall of the enclosure.

[0015] Furthermore, some or all of the guide plates are fixed between the first volute cover plate and the second volute cover plate, or some or all of the guide plates are rotatably installed between the first volute cover plate and the second volute cover plate.

[0016] Preferably, one end of the guide plate is hinged to the first volute cover plate via a first shaft, and the other end of the guide plate is hinged to the second volute cover plate via a second shaft, with the first and second shafts sharing a common central axis; it also includes a first torsion spring and / or a second torsion spring, the first torsion spring including a first spring body sleeved on the first shaft, the two ends of the first spring body respectively having a first fixed section and a first torsion arm section, the first fixed section being fixed to or relatively fixed to the first shaft, and the first torsion arm section being fixed to the first volute cover plate, so that the corresponding guide plate can rotate in the counter-current direction (i.e., the opposite direction of the fluid movement direction) under the action of the fluid (such as gas) in the inner cavity; the second torsion spring including a second spring body sleeved on the second shaft, the two ends of the second spring body respectively having a second fixed section and a second torsion arm section, the second fixed section being fixed to or relatively fixed to the second shaft, and the second torsion arm section being fixed to the second volute cover plate, so that the corresponding guide plate can rotate in the counter-current direction under the action of the fluid in the inner cavity. Therefore, the guide plate has a certain degree of rotational freedom. Under the action of the fluid, the guide plate can overcome the torsional force. The end of the guide plate near the center line of the volute rotates in the direction of fluid movement, and the end away from the center line of the volute rotates in the counter-current direction. The greater the fluid flow velocity in the inner cavity (at this time, the amount of solid particles is often also greater), the greater the amplitude of the guide plate's rotation against the torsion spring (i.e., the larger the β angle), and the larger the blocking surface for solid particles, and the stronger the blocking effect. As the fluid's forward velocity and kinetic energy decrease, the amplitude of the guide plate's rotation decreases towards the outlet, causing the gap between the guide plate and the surrounding plate to gradually increase. That is, as the fluid carrying solid particles moves along the surrounding plate, it is blocked by the guide plate, which dynamically adapts to and changes with the solid content and forward kinetic energy. Thus, while efficiently separating from the corresponding fluid, it effectively ensures that the solid particles smoothly pass through the gap and smoothly enter the collection. The material chamber gives the volute a certain degree of self-adaptability, making it better suited for handling fluids with different flow rates and solid contents. Moreover, under the action of the first torsion spring and / or the second torsion spring, the guide plate has the ability to return to its initial state after deflecting at a certain angle. In industrial practice, since the initial flow rate or flow rate of fluids containing solid particles is often not uniquely constant and usually fluctuates within a certain speed range, the guide plate will dynamically sway or vibrate with changes in fluid type, fluid flow rate, solid content, and fluid flow rate during centrifugal separation operations of different fluids and centrifugal operations of the same fluid. This not only allows it to dynamically adapt to the separation of different fluids and different stages, ensuring the separation effect of solid particles, but also effectively prevents solid particles from adhering to and accumulating on the guide plate, thereby preventing the guide plate and its vicinity from being blocked by dust accumulation. This allows the volute to serve normally for a longer period of time and helps to reduce the frequency of maintenance.

[0017] More preferably, the first volute cover plate is provided with a first half hole that mates with the first torsion arm section, and the end of the first torsion arm section away from the first spring body is fixed in the first half hole; the second volute cover plate is provided with a second half hole that mates with the second torsion arm section, and the end of the second torsion arm section away from the second spring body is fixed in the second half hole; thereby, the assembly of the torsion spring can be facilitated.

[0018] Preferably, the first shaft has a first notch section, and the first fixed section abuts against the first notch section; the second shaft has a second notch section, and the second fixed section abuts against the second notch section; thereby, the relative fixation of the torsion spring and the corresponding shaft can be easily achieved, so that the torsion spring provides the corresponding torsional force to the shaft.

[0019] Preferably, the first shaft is provided with a first pin for restricting the axial degree of freedom of the first torsion spring, and the second shaft is provided with a second pin for restricting the axial degree of freedom of the second torsion spring; thereby, the degree of freedom of the torsion spring in the corresponding axis can be conveniently restricted, and a stable fit between the torsion spring and the corresponding shaft can be achieved. Preferably, the pin is a cotter pin.

[0020] Preferably, a first lip seal or a first sealing deep groove ball bearing is provided at the hinge joint between the first shaft and the first volute cover plate, and a second lip seal or a second sealing deep groove ball bearing is provided at the hinge joint between the second shaft and the second volute cover plate; thereby, a rotatable connection between the shaft and the corresponding volute cover plate can be achieved, while ensuring the sealing of the connection.

[0021] More preferably, the outer surface of the first volute cover plate is provided with a first sealing shell, the first sealing shell and the first volute cover plate forming a first sealing cavity, the first shaft passing through the first volute cover plate and extending into the first sealing cavity, and a first torsion spring disposed within the first sealing cavity; the outer surface of the second volute cover plate is provided with a second sealing shell, the second sealing shell and the second volute cover plate forming a second sealing cavity, the second shaft passing through the second volute cover plate and extending into the second sealing cavity, and a second torsion spring disposed within the second sealing cavity. This better ensures sealing performance and prevents fluid or solid particles from moving outwards from the hinge between the volute cover plate and the corresponding shaft.

[0022] Furthermore, the multiple guide plates are distributed uniformly or unevenly along the extension direction of the enclosure; preferably, the spacing between adjacent guide plates (i.e., the distance between the same end face of adjacent guide plates) is 0.8-1.5 times the width of the guide plate, more preferably 0.9-1.2 times. By controlling the spacing between the guide plates, the possibility of solid particles rebounding to the inner area of ​​the guide plates after contacting the enclosure can be further reduced, which helps to better ensure the separation effect from solid particles.

[0023] Furthermore, the volute hole is eccentrically disposed on the first volute cover plate.

[0024] Furthermore, the width of the guide plate is 0.05-0.2 times the diameter of the volute hole, preferably 0.08-0.15 times. By controlling the width of the guide plate, the possibility of solid particles rebounding to the inner area of ​​the guide plate after contacting the surrounding plate can be further reduced, which helps to better ensure the separation effect from solid particles and also prevents the fluid movement resistance in the inner cavity from being too large due to the guide plate being too large.

[0025] Furthermore, the included angle between the guide plate and the surrounding plate (i.e., the included angle between the tangent plane of the guide plate near the collecting chamber and the tangent plane at the intersection of the guide plate and the surrounding plate) is 10-45°, preferably 12-35°, and more preferably 15-30°. Controlling the appropriate included angle helps the solid particles to enter more and flow towards the rear end between the surrounding plate and the guide plate when centrifuged, ensuring a good separation effect from the solid particles.

[0026] Furthermore, the inner cavity is equipped with an impeller that shares a central axis with the volute bore; preferably, the impeller is a centrifugal impeller. This allows for the acceleration of fluids containing solid particles, propelling the solid particles towards the surrounding plate and compensating for the kinetic energy loss of the fluid containing solid particles, thereby contributing to further improvements in the separation efficiency from the solid particles.

[0027] Preferably, the impeller blades are inclined in the same direction as the guide plate. This further optimizes the flow direction of the fluid containing solid particles exiting the impeller, allowing more solid particles in the fluid to enter the gap between the guide plate and the surrounding plate, where they collide with the surrounding plate and are then reflected / refracted by the guide plate, forming a secondary collision with the surrounding plate. Through repeated collisions, the kinetic energy of the dust is reduced, and it is better concentrated on the side closer to the surrounding plate, eventually entering the collection chamber.

[0028] Furthermore, the volute also includes an inlet pipe, which communicates with the volute hole.

[0029] Furthermore, the guide plate is one or a combination of more than one of the following: arc-shaped, zigzag-shaped, straight-plate type, or S-shaped curve type. This allows for differentiation and optimization of the collision path between the fluid containing solid particles and the guide plate, enabling the solid particles to collide and divert within the area formed by multiple guide plates and surrounding plates, thus effectively achieving impact impediment.

[0030] In one implementation, the collecting chamber opens towards the guide plate and is located downstream of the last guide plate along the fluid flow direction within the chamber. Preferably, the collecting chamber is arranged parallel to the discharge port and located on the side close to the surrounding plate. Preferably, the projection of the collecting chamber onto the surrounding plate is trapezoidal or trapezoidal. More preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower part of the collecting chamber gradually decreases from top to bottom. Even more preferably, the bottom of the collecting chamber is connected to a collecting pipe. Through the cross-sectional design of the collecting chamber and the gradually narrowing space at the bottom, the material flow entering the collecting chamber can enter the bottom of the collecting chamber in a smooth linear flow, while increasing the material flow velocity. This ensures that the material flow smoothly enters the downstream side (such as the collecting pipe), avoiding the material flow being blocked by abrupt spatial changes or disordered reverse action, forming a turbulent and obstructed material flow state, which in turn affects the collecting effect and even the separation effect from solid particles.

[0031] In another implementation, the collecting chamber is connected to the bottom of the gap. Optionally, the collecting chamber is located below the first volute cover plate, which has a hole for connecting the collecting chamber to the gap.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, this utility model also provides a separator, including a first separation unit and a second separation unit connected in sequence, wherein the second separation unit is the volute as described above.

[0033] Optionally, the first separation unit is a cyclone separator, such as a cyclone separator;

[0034] Preferably, the cyclone separator includes a vertical cylindrical body, an inlet disposed on the vertical cylindrical body, and a hopper disposed at the bottom of the vertical cylindrical body. A discharge pipe is provided inside the vertical cylindrical body, one end of which extends out of the vertical cylindrical body, and the inlet pipe is connected to the end of the discharge pipe extending out of the vertical cylindrical body.

[0035] Therefore, the initial fluid containing solid particles can undergo primary solid particle separation within the vertical cylinder. Solid material is obtained in the collecting hopper, while the primary fluid, still carrying a small amount of solid particles, forms an internal swirling fluid within the cylinder and rotates into the volute from the discharge pipe. Within the volute, the primary fluid undergoes secondary separation; finer solid particles reach the collecting chamber and can be sent to the target location through the collecting pipe. The fluid after secondary separation can be discharged through the outlet. In this way, the fluid containing solid particles undergoes two separation processes, effectively removing both coarse and fine particles, contributing to a better separation effect.

[0036] Furthermore, the inlet is located on the upper side of the vertical cylinder, and the inlet is tangentially connected to the vertical cylinder.

[0037] Furthermore, the collecting pipe is connected to the collecting hopper to facilitate the batching of solid particles obtained from the primary and secondary separations.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0039] (1) The volute of this utility model has good separation ability and wide application range. It can be used in gas-solid separation, solid-liquid separation, and even gas-liquid separation in multiple fields and scenarios.

[0040] (2) The volute of this utility model has excellent separation effect on difficult-to-handle media, such as gas and liquid containing fine dust particles, and has a simple structure that is easy to manufacture, use and maintain.

[0041] (3) The volute of this utility model can be used alone or in combination with existing separators to improve separation efficiency and enhance its media separation effect.

[0042] (4) The volute of this utility model, through the setting of torsion spring and corresponding shaft, enables the guide plate to have a certain dynamic adaptive deflection and swinging ability, which not only helps to process fluids with different flow rates or flow rates, but also prevents the accumulation and blockage at the guide plate, and helps the volute to operate stably for a longer period of time.

[0043] (5) This utility model helps to further optimize the separation effect by coordinating and controlling parameters such as the guide plate angle, width, spacing and gap between the guide plate and the surrounding plate. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a volute of this utility model (the second volute cover plate is not shown).

[0045] Figure 2 This is another perspective view of a volute of this utility model.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a front view of a volute casing according to this utility model.

[0047] Figure 4 This is a top view of a volute casing according to the present invention (the second volute casing cover plate is not shown).

[0048] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of section A.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a partial assembly structure diagram of another type of volute housing guide plate and volute housing cover plate of this utility model.

[0050] Figure 7 This is a partial top view of another type of volute of this utility model (the second sealing shell is not shown).

[0051] Figure 8This is a perspective view of another type of volute of this utility model (the second volute cover plate is not shown).

[0052] Figure 9 This is a front view of another type of volute of this utility model.

[0053] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a separator according to the present invention.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a one-way view (facing the discharge port) of a separator according to this utility model.

[0055] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of another separator of this utility model.

[0056] Figure 13 This is a one-way view (facing the discharge port) of another separator of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the words "up," "down," "left," and "right" appearing below only indicate that they are consistent with the up, down, left, and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] See Figures 1 to 5In this embodiment, the volute includes a surrounding plate 1.6, a volute hole 1.4, an inlet pipe 10, a discharge port 1.5, a collection chamber 1.1, and a first volute cover plate 1.8 and a second volute cover plate 1.9 disposed on both sides of the surrounding plate 1.6. The volute hole 1.4 is eccentrically disposed on the first volute cover plate 1.8. The first volute cover plate 1.8, the second volute cover plate 1.9, and the surrounding plate 1.6 form a volute body with an inner cavity. The volute body is provided with a discharge port 1.5 communicating with the inner cavity. Multiple arc-shaped guide plates 1.3 are provided inside the inner cavity. The multiple arc-shaped guide plates 1.3 are evenly distributed sequentially along the extension direction of the surrounding plate 1.6. The guide plates 1.3 are installed between the first volute cover plate 1.8 and the second volute cover plate 1.9. The guide plates 1.3 gradually tilt towards the surrounding plate 1.6 along the fluid flow direction inside the inner cavity. The enclosure is inclined, with a gap between the guide plate 1.3 and the surrounding plate 1.6. The gaps between each guide plate 1.3 and the surrounding plate 1.6 are of the same size. The distance b between adjacent guide plates 1.3 (i.e., the distance between the end faces of adjacent guide plates near the collection chamber) is 1.3 times the width of the guide plate 1.3. The width a of the guide plate 1.3 is 0.12 times the diameter of the volute hole 1.4. The included angle β between the guide plate 1.3 and the surrounding plate 1.6 is 22°. It also includes a collection chamber 1.1 disposed on the inner wall of the surrounding plate 1.6. The collection chamber 1.1 is located inside the discharge port 1.5. The collection chamber 1.1 opens towards the guide plate 1.3. The collection chamber 1.1 is located downstream of the last guide plate 1.3 along the fluid flow direction within the inner cavity. The bottom of the collection chamber 1.1 is connected to a collecting pipe 1.2. The junction of the surrounding plate 1.6 and the discharge port 1.5 is the volute tongue 1.7. The central axes of the opening end of the collecting chamber 1.1, the volute tongue 1.7, and the volute hole 1.4 pass through the same plane. The inlet pipe 10 is located outside the inner cavity, and one end of the inlet pipe 10 is connected to the volute hole 1.4.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The embodiment 1 is repeated, with the main difference being that the gap between each guide plate 1.3 and the surrounding plate 1.6 is different, and the gap between each guide plate 1.3 and the surrounding plate 1.6 gradually increases when viewed along the direction of fluid flow in the inner cavity.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] Repeat Example 1, with the main difference being: See Figure 6 and Figure 7The guide plate 1.3 is rotatably mounted between the first volute cover plate 1.8 and the second volute cover plate 1.9. One end of the guide plate 1.3 is hinged to the first volute cover plate 1.8 via a first shaft 1.81, and the other end of the guide plate 1.3 is hinged to the second volute cover plate 1.9 via a second shaft 1.82. The first shaft 1.81 and the second shaft 1.82 share a common central axis. The system also includes a first torsion spring 1.83 and a second torsion spring 1.84. The first torsion spring 1.83 includes a first spring body sleeved on the first shaft 1.81. The two ends of the first spring body are respectively provided with a first fixed section and a first torsion arm section 1.831. The first fixed section is fixed or relatively fixed to the first shaft 1.81, and the first torsion arm section is fixed to the first volute cover plate 1.8, such that the corresponding guide plate 1.3 is within the... Under the action of the gas inside the cavity, it can rotate in the counter-current direction. The second torsion spring 1.84 includes a second spring body sleeved on the second shaft 1.84. The two ends of the second spring body are respectively provided with a second fixed section 1.842 and a second torsion arm section 1.841. The second fixed section 1.842 is fixed or relatively fixed to the second shaft 1.82. The second torsion arm section is fixed to the second volute cover plate 1.9, so that the corresponding guide plate 1.3 can rotate in the counter-current direction under the action of the fluid inside the cavity. The first volute cover plate 1.8 is provided with a first half hole 11 that cooperates with the first torsion arm section 1.831. The end of the first torsion arm section away from the first spring body is fixed in the first half hole 11. The second volute cover plate 1.9 is provided with a second half hole 12 that cooperates with the second torsion arm section 1.841. The end of the arm segment away from the second spring body is fixed inside the second half-hole 12; the first shaft 1.81 has a first notch segment 1.811, which is semi-cylindrical, and the first fixed segment abuts against the first notch segment 1.811 to restrict the rotational freedom between the first spring body and the first shaft; the second shaft 1.82 has a second notch segment 1.821, which is semi-cylindrical, and the second fixed segment abuts against the second notch segment 1.821 to restrict the rotational freedom between the second spring body and the second shaft; the first shaft 1.81 is provided with a first pin 1.85 for restricting the axial freedom of the first torsion spring 1.83, and the second shaft 1.82 is provided with a second pin 1.86 for restricting the axial freedom of the second torsion spring 1.84; the first shaft 1.81 and the first volute... A first lip seal 1.87 is provided at the hinge of the cover plate 1.8, and a second lip seal 1.88 is provided at the hinge of the second shaft 1.82 and the second volute cover plate 1.9; a first sealing shell 8 is provided on the outer surface of the first volute cover plate 1.8, and the first sealing shell 8 and the first volute cover plate 1.8 form a first sealing cavity, the first shaft 1.81 passes through the first volute cover plate 1.8 and extends into the first sealing cavity, and a first torsion spring 1.83 is disposed in the first sealing cavity; a second sealing shell 9 is provided on the outer surface of the second volute cover plate 1.9, and the second sealing shell 9 and the second volute cover plate 1.9 form a second sealing cavity, the second shaft 1.82 passes through the second volute cover plate 1.9 and extends into the second sealing cavity, and a second torsion spring 1.88 is disposed in the second sealing cavity.84 is located within the second sealed cavity.

[0064] Example 4

[0065] Repeat Example 1, except that: see Figure 8 and Figure 9 The inner cavity is provided with an impeller 13 that shares the same central axis as the volute hole 1.4. The impeller 13 is an electric centrifugal impeller. A drive motor 14 is fixed on the top of the second volute cover plate. The drive motor 14 is connected to the impeller 13 in a transmission connection.

[0066] Example 5

[0067] See Figure 10 and Figure 11 The separator in this embodiment includes a cyclone separator, which includes a vertical cylindrical body 3, an inlet 2 disposed on the vertical cylindrical body 3, and a hopper 4 disposed at the bottom of the vertical cylindrical body 3. The vertical cylindrical body 3 includes a cylindrical section and a conical section distributed at the top and bottom, respectively. A discharge pipe 7 is provided at the top of the cylindrical section, and one end of the discharge pipe 7 extends into the cylindrical section. It also includes a volute 1 as described in Embodiment 1, with a volute hole 1.4 communicating with the other end of the discharge pipe 7.

[0068] The inlet 2 is connected to the cylindrical section at a point above one end of the discharge pipe 7 inside the vertical cylinder 3. The collecting pipe 1.2 is connected to the collecting hopper 4 via the dust conveying pipe 6.

[0069] In this embodiment, the separator separates dust-laden gas. During operation, the dust-laden gas enters the cyclone separator through inlet 2, changing from linear motion to circular motion. Most of the rotating airflow spirals downwards along the cylindrical section towards the conical section, commonly referred to as the outer cyclone airflow. During rotation, the dust-laden gas generates centrifugal force, throwing dust particles with a relative density greater than the gas towards the vertical cylindrical wall. Once the dust particles contact the corresponding wall, they lose radial inertial force and fall along the wall surface due to downward momentum and force, entering the collection hopper. After reaching the lower end of the conical section, the outer cyclone airflow turns upwards along the axis of the cyclone separator, forming an upward inner cyclone airflow, which is then discharged through the discharge pipe. The discharged gas is the primary dust-removed gas; however, due to air entrainment and the low gravity of fine dust particles, the primary dust-removed gas still carries a small amount of unremoved dust.

[0070] Subsequently, the dust removal gas rotates and rises into the volute. During the rotation, centrifugal force is generated, which throws dust particles with a relative density greater than that of the gas toward the surrounding plate. Since guide plates are evenly arranged near the surrounding plate, after the dust particles hit the surrounding plate, they can only move along the surrounding plate between the guide plates due to the obstruction and guiding effect of the guide plates. Finally, after the dust particles reach the dust collection chamber, they are sent to the bottom collection hopper 4 through the collection pipe and the dust delivery pipe. The gas that has undergone secondary dust removal is discharged from the discharge port.

[0071] The separator in this embodiment can also be used to separate liquids containing fine solid particles.

[0072] Example 6

[0073] Repeat Example 5, except that: see Figure 12 and Figure 13 The cyclone separator of this embodiment includes a vertical cylindrical body 3, an inlet 2 disposed on the vertical cylindrical body 3, and a collection hopper 4 disposed at the bottom of the vertical cylindrical body 3. The vertical cylindrical body 3 includes a cylindrical section and a conical section distributed at the top and bottom, respectively. A discharge pipe 7 is provided at the top of the cylindrical section, and one end of the discharge pipe 7 extends into the cylindrical section. It also includes a volute 1 as described in embodiment 4, and the volute hole 1.4 is connected to the other end of the discharge pipe 7.

[0074] The inlet 2 is connected to the cylindrical section at a point above one end of the discharge pipe 7 inside the vertical cylinder 3. The collecting pipe 1.2 is connected to the collecting hopper 4 via the dust conveying pipe 6.

[0075] The above embodiments should be understood as being used only to illustrate the present invention more clearly, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art in various equivalent forms fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A volute, comprising a surrounding plate (1.6), a volute hole (1.4), and a first volute cover plate (1.8) and a second volute cover plate (1.9) disposed on both sides of the surrounding plate (1.6), wherein the volute hole (1.4) is disposed on the first volute cover plate (1.8), and the first volute cover plate (1.8), the second volute cover plate (1.9), and the surrounding plate (1.6) form a volute body having an inner cavity, and the volute body is provided with a discharge port (1.5) communicating with the inner cavity; characterized in that, The inner cavity is provided with multiple guide plates (1.3), which are distributed sequentially along the extension direction of the surrounding plate (1.6). The guide plates (1.3) are installed between the first volute cover plate (1.8) and the second volute cover plate (1.9). The guide plates (1.3) gradually tilt towards the surrounding plate (1.6) along the fluid flow direction in the inner cavity, and a gap is left between the guide plates (1.3) and the surrounding plate (1.6). The cavity also includes a material collection chamber (1.1) for collecting materials that enter the gap.

2. The volute according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gaps between each guide plate (1.3) and the surrounding plate (1.6) may be the same or different; and / or, the multiple guide plates (1.3) are distributed uniformly or unevenly along the extension direction of the surrounding plate (1.6); and / or, the volute hole (1.4) is eccentrically disposed on the first volute cover plate (1.8).

3. The volute according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one guide plate (1.3) is fixed between the first volute cover plate (1.8) and the second volute cover plate (1.9), or at least one guide plate (1.3) is rotatably mounted between the first volute cover plate (1.8) and the second volute cover plate (1.9).

4. The volute according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the guide plate (1.3) is hinged to the first volute cover plate (1.8) via the first shaft (1.81), and the other end of the guide plate (1.3) is hinged to the second volute cover plate (1.9) via the second shaft (1.82). The first shaft (1.81) and the second shaft (1.82) share a common central axis. The system also includes a first torsion spring (1.83) and / or a second torsion spring (1.84). The first torsion spring (1.83) includes a first spring body sleeved on the first shaft (1.81). The two ends of the first spring body are respectively provided with a first fixed section and a first torsion arm section (1.831). The first fixed section is connected to the first shaft (1.81). .81) Fixed or relatively fixed, the first torsion arm section is fixed on the first volute cover plate (1.8), so that the corresponding guide plate (1.3) can rotate in the counter-current direction under the action of the fluid in the inner cavity; the second torsion spring (1.84) includes a second spring body sleeved on the second shaft (1.84), and the two ends of the second spring body are respectively provided with a second fixed section and a second torsion arm section (1.841). The second fixed section is fixed or relatively fixed to the second shaft (1.82), and the second torsion arm section is fixed on the second volute cover plate (1.9), so that the corresponding guide plate (1.3) can rotate in the counter-current direction under the action of the fluid in the inner cavity.

5. The volute according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first volute cover plate (1.8) is provided with a first half hole that mates with the first torsion arm section (1.831), and the end of the first torsion arm section (1.831) away from the first spring body is fixed in the first half hole. The second volute cover plate (1.9) is provided with a second half hole that mates with the second torsion arm section (1.841), and the end of the second torsion arm section (1.841) away from the second spring body is fixed in the second half hole. And / or, the first shaft (1.81) has a first notched segment (1.811), and a first fixed segment abuts against the first notched segment (1.811); the second shaft (1.82) has a second notched segment (1.821), and a second fixed segment abuts against the second notched segment (1.821); And / or, the first shaft (1.81) is provided with a first pin (1.85) for limiting the axial degree of freedom of the first torsion spring (1.83), and the second shaft (1.82) is provided with a second pin (1.86) for limiting the axial degree of freedom of the second torsion spring (1.84); And / or, a first lip seal (1.87) or a first sealed deep groove ball bearing is provided at the hinge of the first shaft (1.81) and the first volute cover plate (1.8), and a second lip seal (1.88) or a second sealed deep groove ball bearing is provided at the hinge of the second shaft (1.82) and the second volute cover plate (1.9). And / or, the outer surface of the first volute cover plate (1.8) is provided with a first sealing shell (8), the first sealing shell (8) and the first volute cover plate (1.8) form a first sealing cavity, the first shaft (1.81) passes through the first volute cover plate (1.8) and extends into the first sealing cavity, and the first torsion spring (1.83) is disposed in the first sealing cavity; the outer surface of the second volute cover plate (1.9) is provided with a second sealing shell (9), the second sealing shell (9) and the second volute cover plate (1.9) form a second sealing cavity, the second shaft (1.82) passes through the second volute cover plate (1.9) and extends into the second sealing cavity, and the second torsion spring (1.84) is disposed in the second sealing cavity.

6. The volute according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent guide plates (1.3) is 0.8-1.5 times the width of the guide plate (1.3); and / or, the width of the guide plate (1.3) is 0.05-0.2 times the diameter of the volute hole (1.4); and / or, the included angle between the guide plate (1.3) and the surrounding plate (1.6) is 10-45°.

7. The volute according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The inner cavity is provided with an impeller (13) that shares the same central axis as the volute hole (1.4); And / or, the volute further includes an inlet pipe (10) that communicates with the volute hole (1.4); And / or, the guide plate (1.3) is one or more of the following: arc-shaped, polygonal, straight, or S-shaped curve.

8. The volute according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The collecting chamber (1.1) opens toward the guide plate (1.3), and the collecting chamber (1.1) is located downstream of the last guide plate (1.3) along the fluid flow direction inside the chamber; the collecting chamber (1.1) is arranged in parallel with the discharge port (1.5) and is located on the side close to the surrounding plate (1.6); Alternatively, the collection chamber (1.1) is connected to the bottom of the gap.

9. A separator, comprising a first separation unit and a second separation unit connected in sequence, characterized in that, The second separation unit is the volute (1) as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. The separator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first separation unit is a cyclone separator; The cyclone separator includes a vertical cylinder (3), an inlet (2) disposed on the vertical cylinder (3), and a collection hopper (4) disposed at the bottom of the vertical cylinder (3). The vertical cylinder (3) is provided with a discharge pipe (7), one end of which extends to the outside of the vertical cylinder (3), and the inlet pipe (10) is connected to the end of the discharge pipe (7) extending to the outside of the vertical cylinder (3).

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