Dual-purpose extractive distillation tower for separating acetic acid from water

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical separation, in particular to a dual-purpose extractive distillation tower for separating acetic acid from water, which comprises an extraction tower, a condenser I, a condenser II and a reboiler, an extraction chamber, a distillation chamber and a circulation chamber are arranged in the extraction tower, the distillation chamber and the extraction chamber are symmetrically arranged, and the circulation chamber is positioned below the distillation chamber and the extraction chamber. The first condenser and the second condenser are located above the extraction tower, the first condenser is communicated with the extraction chamber, the second condenser is communicated with the rectification chamber, and by integrating the two functions of extraction and rectification, the tower achieves effective separation of acetic acid and water. The layered contact design ensures that the acetic acid raw material and the composite extraction agent are in full contact but not directly mixed between filler layers, the mass and heat transfer process is optimized, the extraction agent can be recycled after being treated by the rectification chamber, and the resource waste is remarkably reduced. And due to the recycling design, the operation cost is reduced, and the consumption of the extracting agent is reduced.

Description

A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chemical separation technology, specifically a dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of chemical production, the separation of acetic acid from water is a crucial process, widely used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, dye manufacturing, and food processing. However, traditional separation methods, such as simple distillation or extraction techniques, have revealed a series of significant problems and shortcomings in practical applications.

[0003] First, in terms of separation efficiency, single distillation or extraction methods often fail to achieve ideal separation of light and heavy components. Distillation relies on the difference in volatility between components to achieve separation, but in systems with similar boiling points, such as acetic acid and water, the separation efficiency of distillation is limited. Similarly, while extraction methods can achieve separation by selectively dissolving a component in a solvent, a single extraction process often fails to achieve highly efficient separation. These problems lead to the poor performance of traditional methods in terms of separation efficiency, making it difficult to meet the urgent needs of modern chemical production for efficient separation technologies.

[0004] Secondly, traditional methods are typically accompanied by high energy consumption. Both distillation and extraction require heating the materials to facilitate the separation process. However, due to the limitations of these methods in terms of thermal efficiency, they often require high heating temperatures and large energy inputs, thus increasing production costs and energy consumption. This problem is particularly prominent against the backdrop of increasingly tense global energy conditions.

[0005] Furthermore, traditional methods also suffer from resource waste. Particularly during the extraction process, the extractant is often used only once and then discharged, which not only wastes the extractant but may also pollute the environment. With increasing environmental awareness, this issue of resource waste and environmental pollution is receiving growing attention from society.

[0006] Finally, traditional methods suffer from complex equipment structures, high maintenance costs, and difficulty in achieving automated control. This affects the continuity and stability of the production process, reducing production efficiency. In modern chemical production, automation and intelligence are crucial for improving efficiency and reducing labor costs. However, the shortcomings of traditional methods in this regard limit their widespread application in modern chemical production. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water.

[0009] (II) Technical Solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water, comprising an extraction column, a first condenser, a second condenser, and a reboiler. The extraction column includes an extraction chamber, a distillation chamber, and a circulation chamber. The distillation chamber and the extraction chamber are symmetrically arranged. The circulation chamber is located below the distillation chamber and the extraction chamber. The first condenser and the second condenser are located above the extraction column. The first condenser is connected to the extraction chamber, and the second condenser is connected to the distillation chamber. The extraction chamber is provided with a raw material inlet pipe and an extraction inlet pipe. The raw material inlet pipe is located below the extraction inlet pipe. The reboiler is connected to the circulation chamber through a pipe. The reboiler is provided with a circulation pipe, which is connected to the circulation chamber through a circulation pump. The circulation chamber and the distillation column are connected through a gas phase guide pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the system further includes a reflux tank 1, a reflux tank 2, a reflux pump 1, and a reflux pump 2. The reflux tank 1 is connected to a condenser 1, the reflux tank 2 is connected to a condenser 2, the reflux pump 1 is connected to the reflux tank 1 and the extraction chamber via a pipe, and the reflux pump 2 is connected to the reflux tank 2 and the distillation chamber via a pipe. The reflux tank 1 is provided with a drain pipe 1, the reflux tank 2 is provided with a drain pipe 2, and valves are provided on both the drain pipe 1 and the drain pipe 2.

[0012] More preferably, the raw material inlet pipe is located in the lower middle part of the extraction chamber, and the extraction inlet pipe is located above the extraction chamber.

[0013] Preferably, both the raw material inlet pipe and the extraction inlet pipe are equipped with feed hoppers, and the raw material inlet pipe, the extraction inlet pipe, and the gas phase guide pipe are equipped with feed valves.

[0014] Preferably, the circulation chamber is provided with a first packing layer, the extraction chamber is provided with a second packing layer, a third packing layer, and a fourth packing layer, and the distillation chamber is provided with a fifth packing layer. The second packing layer is located at the bottom of the extraction chamber, the third packing layer is located above the second packing layer, and the fourth packing layer is located above the third packing layer. The reboiler is connected to the first packing layer via a pipe, the raw material inlet pipe is connected to the second packing layer, the extraction inlet pipe is connected to the third packing layer, and the gas phase guide pipe is connected to both the circulation chamber and the fifth packing layer.

[0015] More preferably, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are installed in the circulation chamber, extraction chamber, and distillation chamber, and a controller is provided on the extraction tower, with the temperature sensors and pressure sensors electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] High-efficiency separation:

[0019] By integrating extraction and distillation functions, this column achieves efficient separation of acetic acid and water. The layered contact design ensures sufficient contact between the acetic acid feedstock and the composite extractant between the packing layers without direct mixing, optimizing the mass and heat transfer process.

[0020] Mass and heat transfer occur between the gas-phase extractant and the extraction tower, promoting the effective separation of light and heavy components and improving separation efficiency.

[0021] Resource conservation:

[0022] The extractant can be recycled after being processed in the distillation chamber, significantly reducing resource waste. This recycling design not only lowers operating costs but also reduces extractant consumption.

[0023] The reflux system (including reflux tank one and reflux tank two) ensures that the condensed liquid material can be partially refluxed back into the tower, further improving resource utilization.

[0024] Automated control and stable operation:

[0025] The tower is equipped with temperature and pressure sensors to monitor operating conditions in real time, ensuring stable system operation. These data are monitored and adjusted by the controller, which automatically adjusts according to set parameters to maintain optimal separation performance.

[0026] Automated control not only improves the accuracy of the separation process, but also reduces human error and intervention, thereby enhancing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0027] Environmental friendliness:

[0028] The recycling of extractants and the optimized separation process reduce waste emissions, making it more environmentally friendly. By reducing resource consumption and waste generation, this tower contributes to achieving the goals of green chemical production.

[0029] In addition, precise feed control and reflux system design reduce material waste and unnecessary emissions, further demonstrating the environmentally friendly design concept. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extraction tower of this utility model;

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Extraction tower; 2. Extraction chamber; 3. Distillation chamber; 4. Circulation chamber; 5. Packing layer one; 6. Packing layer two; 7. Packing layer three; 8. Packing layer four; 9. Packing layer five; 10. Reboiler; 11. Condenser one; 12. Condenser two; 13. Reflux tank one; 14. Reflux tank two; 15. Feed valve; 16. Circulation pump; 17. Raw material inlet pipe; 18. Extraction inlet pipe; 19. Reflux pump one; 20. Reflux pump two; 21. Drain pipe one; 22. Drain pipe two; 23. Vapor phase guide pipe; 24. Pressure sensor; 25. Temperature sensor; 26. Controller; 27. Feed hopper. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] Please refer to Figures 1-2. This utility model discloses a dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water, comprising an extraction column 1, a first condenser 11, a second condenser 12, and a reboiler 10. The extraction column 1 internally includes an extraction chamber 2, a rectification chamber 3, and a circulation chamber 4. The rectification chamber 3 is symmetrically arranged with the extraction chamber 2. The circulation chamber 4 is located below the rectification chamber 3 and the extraction chamber 2. The first condenser 11 and the second condenser 12 are located above the extraction column 1. The first condenser 11 is connected to the extraction chamber 2, and the second condenser 12 is connected to the rectification chamber 3. The extraction chamber 2 is provided with a raw material inlet pipe 17 and an extraction inlet pipe 18. The raw material inlet pipe 17 is located below the extraction inlet pipe 18. The reboiler 10 is connected to the circulation chamber 4 via a pipe and is provided with a circulation pipe. The circulation pipe is connected to the circulation chamber 4 via a circulation pump 16. The circulation chamber 4 is connected to the rectification column via a vapor phase guide pipe 23.

[0035] This dual-purpose extractive distillation column integrates extraction and distillation functions to achieve efficient separation of acetic acid and water. Its core lies in utilizing the layered contact, mass and heat transfer of different materials within the column, and the design of recycling the extractant, as detailed below:

[0036] Layered contact: Acetic acid feedstock enters extraction chamber 2 from the lower middle, while composite extractant is added from the top. The two form a layer between packing layer 2 6 and packing layer 3 7, ensuring full contact but not direct mixing.

[0037] Mass and heat transfer: The reboiler 10 provides heat to evaporate the extractant into a gas phase. The gas phase extractant undergoes mass and heat transfer with the extraction tower 1, which promotes the effective separation of light and heavy components of the material in the extraction chamber 2. The extractant can be recycled after being processed by the distillation chamber 3, which reduces resource waste and improves separation efficiency.

[0038] Working principles of various preferred technical solutions

[0039] Reflux system

[0040] Reflux tank 13: Connected to condenser 11, it collects the condensed liquid acetic acid, part of which is refluxed back to the top of extraction chamber 2 (packing layer 4 8), and the other part is collected and sent to the product tank.

[0041] Reflux tank 2 14: Connected to condenser 2 12, it collects the condensed liquid extractant, part of which is refluxed to the top of distillation chamber 3 (packing layer 5 9), and the other part is discharged as wastewater.

[0042] Feed control

[0043] Feed hopper 27: It is installed on the raw material inlet pipe 17 and the extraction inlet pipe 18 to facilitate precise control of the material input.

[0044] Feed valve 15: Installed on raw material inlet pipe 17, extraction inlet pipe 18 and gas phase guide pipe 23, used to regulate material flow rate.

[0045] Tower internal structure design

[0046] Packing layer:

[0047] Packing layer 5: Located in the circulation chamber 4, connected to the reboiler 10, used for preliminary heating and vaporization of the extractant.

[0048] Packing layer 2 6: Located at the bottom of extraction chamber 2, connected to raw material inlet pipe 17, used for the initial dispersion of acetic acid raw material.

[0049] Packing layer 3 7: Located above packing layer 2 6, it is connected to the extraction inlet pipe 18 and is used for the introduction of composite extractant.

[0050] Packing layer 4 8: Located above packing layer 3 7, it is used for the redistribution of reflux liquid phase materials.

[0051] Packing layer 59: Located inside distillation chamber 3, used for gas-liquid contact during extractant recovery process.

[0052] Automation control

[0053] Temperature sensor 25 and pressure sensor 24 are installed in circulation chamber 4, extraction chamber 2 and distillation chamber 3 to monitor operating conditions in real time.

[0054] Controller 26: Electrically connected to the sensor, used to monitor various parameters of the sensor and ensure stable operation.

[0055] Detailed Workflow

[0056] Acetic acid raw materials and compound extractants enter

[0057] Acetic acid feedstock enters the packing layer 6 of extraction chamber 2 through feedstock inlet pipe 17.

[0058] The composite extractant enters the packing layer 3 7 of the extraction chamber 2 through the extraction inlet pipe 18.

[0059] Heating and vaporization

[0060] The reboiler 10 provides heat to the circulation chamber 4, causing part of the liquid to evaporate into a gas phase. The gas phase material enters the distillation chamber 3 along the gas phase guide pipe 23.

[0061] Mass and heat transfer in extraction chamber 2

[0062] Inside extraction chamber 2, the gaseous material comes into full contact with the composite extractant, undergoing mass and heat transfer. Lighter components (such as acetic acid) are enriched and rise to the top of the column.

[0063] Condensation and reflux

[0064] The light component (gas phase acetic acid) rises to the top condenser 11, where it is condensed into a liquid phase.

[0065] The condensed liquid phase enters the reflux tank 13, and a portion is transported back to the packing layer 8 of the extraction chamber 2 by the reflux pump 19, while the other portion is extracted as product and sent to the product tank.

[0066] Extractant recovery

[0067] Inside the distillation chamber 3, after being heated by the reboiler 10, the extractant material in the packing layer 5 becomes a gas phase and enters the distillation chamber 3.

[0068] After being condensed by condenser 12, the gaseous material enters reflux tank 14. Part of it is returned to the packing layer 9 of the distillation chamber 3, and the other part is discharged as wastewater.

[0069] The rising gaseous material and the refluxed liquid material in the distillation chamber 3 continue to undergo mass and heat transfer, further achieving wastewater separation.

[0070] Recycle

[0071] After the extractant in the tower is heated and evaporated by the reboiler 10, it re-enters the circulation chamber 4, forming a cycle for reuse, ensuring stable system operation and reducing waste emissions.

[0072] Monitoring and Regulation

[0073] Temperature sensor 25 and pressure sensor 24 monitor the operating conditions of each part inside the tower in real time, and transmit the data to controller 26, which automatically adjusts according to the set parameters to ensure the best separation effect.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water, characterized in that, The system includes an extraction column (1), a first condenser (11), a second condenser (12), and a reboiler (10). The extraction column (1) includes an extraction chamber (2), a distillation chamber (3), and a circulation chamber (4). The distillation chamber (3) is symmetrically arranged with the extraction chamber (2). The circulation chamber (4) is located below the distillation chamber (3) and the extraction chamber (2). The first condenser (11) and the second condenser (12) are located above the extraction column (1). The first condenser (11) and the extraction chamber (2) are connected in a symmetrical manner. The condenser (12) is connected to the distillation chamber (3). The extraction chamber (2) is provided with a raw material inlet pipe (17) and an extraction inlet pipe (18). The raw material inlet pipe (17) is located below the extraction inlet pipe (18). The reboiler (10) is connected to the circulation chamber (4) through a pipe. The reboiler (10) is provided with a circulation pipe. The circulation pipe is connected to the circulation chamber (4) through a circulation pump (16). The circulation chamber (4) is connected to the distillation column through a gas phase guide pipe (23).

2. The dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a reflux tank 1 (13), a reflux tank 2 (14), a reflux pump 1 (19), and a reflux pump 2 (20). The reflux tank 1 (13) is connected to the condenser 1 (11), the reflux tank 2 (14) is connected to the condenser 2 (12), the reflux pump 1 (19) is connected to the reflux tank 1 (13) and the extraction chamber (2) through a pipe, and the reflux pump 2 (20) is connected to the reflux tank 2 (14) and the distillation chamber (3) through a pipe. The reflux tank 1 (13) is provided with a drain pipe 1 (21), the reflux tank 2 (14) is provided with a drain pipe 2 (22), and valves are provided on the drain pipe 1 (21) and the drain pipe 2 (22).

3. A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The raw material inlet pipe (17) is located in the lower middle part of the extraction chamber (2), and the extraction inlet pipe (18) is located above the extraction chamber (2).

4. A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The raw material inlet pipe (17) and the extraction inlet pipe (18) are each equipped with a feed hopper (27), and the raw material inlet pipe (17), the extraction inlet pipe (18) and the gas phase guide pipe (23) are equipped with feed valves (15).

5. A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water according to claim 4, characterized in that, The circulation chamber (4) is provided with a packing layer 1 (5), the extraction chamber (2) is provided with a packing layer 2 (6), a packing layer 3 (7) and a packing layer 4 (8), the distillation chamber (3) is provided with a packing layer 5 (9), the packing layer 2 (6) is located at the bottom of the extraction chamber (2), the packing layer 3 (7) is located above the packing layer 2 (6), the packing layer 4 (8) is located above the packing layer 3 (7), the reboiler (10) is connected to the packing layer 1 (5) through a pipe, the raw material inlet pipe (17) is connected to the packing layer 2 (6), the extraction inlet pipe (18) is connected to the packing layer 3 (7), and the gas phase guide pipe (23) is connected to the circulation chamber (4) and the packing layer 5 (9) respectively.

6. A dual-purpose extractive distillation column for separating acetic acid and water according to claim 5, characterized in that, Temperature sensors (25) and pressure sensors (24) are installed in the circulation chamber (4), extraction chamber (2) and distillation chamber (3). A controller (26) is provided on the extraction tower (1). The temperature sensors (25) and pressure sensors (24) are electrically connected to the controller (26).

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