Pyrolysis reactor of biomass cracking machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy sources, and discloses a pyrolysis reactor of a biomass cracking machine, which comprises a pyrolysis reaction cylinder, a pyrolysis cavity, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, a gas inlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe, a gas outlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, and is characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction cylinder is internally provided with a pyrolysis cavity; the first separation assembly is arranged in the pyrolysis cavity, and the first separation assembly is used for providing a channel for conveying large-particle biomass and hot carrier gas in the mixing and heat exchange process; according to the biomass pyrolysis device disclosed by the utility model, hot carrier gas filled in the annular gap is subjected to mixing and heat exchange reaction with large-particle biomass through the plurality of second filter screens and the plurality of first filter screens, so that the residence time of the large-particle biomass in the pyrolysis cavity is prolonged in a manner of mixing and heat exchange of the large-particle biomass; the full mixing and heat exchange reaction of the hot carrier gas and the large-particle biomass are guaranteed, and the working efficiency of the pyrolytic reaction of the hot carrier gas and the large-particle biomass is improved.

Description

Biomass pyrolysis reactor Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a biomass pyrolysis reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis refers to the process of converting biomass into low-molecular-weight substances such as charcoal, liquids, and gases through thermochemical conversion under conditions of air isolation or with a small supply of air. Pyrolysis can yield products such as fuel oil, wood tar, wood gas, and charcoal.

[0003] A biomass pyrolysis reactor (authorization announcement number: CN212532857U) is disclosed. This reactor divides the circulating pyrolysis reaction section into a guiding zone and an annular gap zone by incorporating a flow guiding device, i.e., a flow guide tube. Guided by the flow guide tube, an overall orderly circulation of the gas-solid mixture (referring to "heated carrier gas and large-particle biomass") is formed. High-temperature heated carrier gas is introduced through a gas distributor at the heated carrier gas inlet section to lift the large-particle biomass from the biomass feed port in the annular gap zone.

[0004] However, when room temperature large-particle biomass is conveyed from the biomass feed port into the annular gap zone and enters the return section downwards along the annular gap zone, the room temperature large-particle biomass will directly cover and accumulate on the gas distributor, making it impossible for the hot carrier gas to fully mix and exchange heat with the room temperature large-particle biomass. Therefore, we have proposed this utility model to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a biomass pyrolysis reactor to solve the aforementioned problems; the biomass pyrolysis reactor includes:

[0006] A pyrolysis reaction cylinder, wherein a pyrolysis chamber is provided inside the pyrolysis reaction cylinder, the pyrolysis chamber being a chamber for mixing and heat exchange of large particles of biomass with heat carrier gas;

[0007] A first separation component is disposed inside the pyrolysis chamber. The first separation component has a channel for mixing and heat exchange of large-particle biomass with the heat carrier gas.

[0008] A conveying drive assembly is disposed within a first partition assembly and is used to convey large particles of biomass upward during the mixing and heat exchange process within the first partition assembly.

[0009] A hot carrier gas assembly is disposed inside the pyrolysis chamber, wherein the hot carrier gas blown out from the hot carrier gas assembly is mixed and exchanged with large particulate biomass.

[0010] The second separating component is disposed within the pyrolysis chamber, which is used to separate and block large particles of biomass.

[0011] Preferably, the pyrolysis reaction cylinder is provided with multiple biomass feed ports, which are connected to the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the first separating component includes:

[0013] A separator cylinder is disposed inside the pyrolysis chamber, and multiple feed inlets are provided at the bottom opening of the separator cylinder;

[0014] The first filter screen is provided on the separator cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, the conveying drive assembly includes:

[0016] An electric motor is installed on the bottom side of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder;

[0017] A drive rod is provided, with one end of the drive rod mounted on the output shaft of the motor, and the other end of the drive rod extending rotatably into the partition cylinder;

[0018] A helical blade is fixedly mounted on the drive rod, and the outer surface of the helical blade rotates and fits against the inner wall of the separator cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the hot carrier gas assembly includes:

[0020] An annular gas cylinder is disposed on the inner wall of the top side of the pyrolysis chamber, and the annular gas cylinder has a chamber.

[0021] The annular air cylinder has multiple air holes.

[0022] Preferably, the pyrolysis reaction cylinder is provided with multiple hot carrier gas inlets, which are connected to the chambers of the annular gas cylinder.

[0023] Preferably, the second separating component includes:

[0024] A dividing circular frame is disposed on the top inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber;

[0025] The second filter screen is provided on the dividing circular frame, and multiple second filters screens are provided on the dividing circular frame.

[0026] This application incorporates a first partitioning component, a conveying drive component, a hot carrier gas component, and a second partitioning component within the pyrolysis chamber of a pyrolysis reactor. When large biomass particles are present in the pyrolysis chamber, they are blocked by multiple second filters on the partitioning circular frame and multiple first filters on the partition cylinder. Simultaneously, the hot carrier gas enters the annular gas cylinder through multiple hot carrier gas inlets and fills the annular gap between the annular gas cylinder, the partitioning circular frame, and the partition cylinder through multiple air holes. The hot carrier gas filling the annular gap mixes and exchanges heat with the large biomass particles through the multiple second and first filters. This method of mixing and exchanging heat with the large biomass particles increases their residence time within the pyrolysis chamber, ensuring thorough mixing and heat exchange between the hot carrier gas and the large biomass particles, thereby improving the efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in planar cross-section;

[0029] Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder of this utility model, viewed from the side cross-section.

[0031] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the conveying drive assembly of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second partition component of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the thermal carrier gas assembly of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 100, pyrolysis reaction cylinder; 101, pyrolysis chamber; 200, first partition assembly; 201, partition cylinder; 202, feed inlet; 203, first filter screen; 300, conveying drive assembly; 301, motor; 302, drive rod; 303, spiral blade; 400, hot carrier gas assembly; 401, annular gas cylinder; 402, gas hole; 500, second partition assembly; 501, partition frame; 502, second filter screen; 600, biomass feed inlet; 700, hot carrier gas inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] As shown in Figure 3, the biomass pyrolysis reactor includes a pyrolysis reaction cylinder 100, a first partition component 200, a conveying drive component 300, a hot carrier gas component 400, and a second partition component 500.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3, the pyrolysis reaction cylinder 100 has a pyrolysis chamber 101 inside. The pyrolysis chamber 101 is used for mixing and heat exchange between large biomass particles and the heat carrier gas. The pyrolysis reaction cylinder 100 is provided with multiple biomass feed ports 600, which are connected to the pyrolysis chamber 101. This allows large biomass particles to enter the pyrolysis chamber 101 through the multiple biomass feed ports 600 for pyrolysis. Afterward, the biomass feed ports 600 are closed. A partition circular frame 501 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 101. Multiple second filter screens 502 are provided on the partition circular frame 501. The multiple second filter screens 502 on the partition circular frame 501 can block the large biomass particles, causing them to fall to the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 101. A partition cylinder 201 is provided on the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 101, and multiple feed inlets are opened at the bottom of the partition cylinder 201. Large particles of biomass, which fall naturally, enter the separator cylinder 201 through multiple feed inlets 202. A motor 301 is installed on the bottom side of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder 100. A drive rod 302 is installed on the output shaft of the motor 301. The drive rod 302 extends into the separator cylinder 201 and is fixedly installed with a spiral blade 303. The outer surface of the spiral blade 303 rotates and fits against the inner wall of the separator cylinder 201 to prevent the large particles of biomass from slipping off the spiral blade 303 and the inner wall of the separator cylinder 201 during the upward conveying of the large particles of biomass in the separator cylinder 201 by the drive rod 302 and the motor 301. Multiple first filters 203 are provided on the separator cylinder 201 to prevent the large particles of biomass from slipping back to the bottom of the pyrolysis chamber 101 during the conveying process in the separator cylinder 201.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3, an annular gas cylinder 401 is provided on the top inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 101. The annular gas cylinder 401 has a cavity inside and is located in the middle of the separating circular frame 501 and the separating cylinder 201. There are annular gaps between the annular gas cylinder 401 and both the separating circular frame 501 and the separating cylinder 201. Multiple air holes 402 are opened on the annular gas cylinder 401. Multiple hot carrier gas inlets 700 are provided on the pyrolysis reaction cylinder 100. The multiple hot carrier gas inlets 700 are connected to the cavity of the annular gas cylinder 401, and the hot carrier gas enters the annular gas cylinder 401 through the multiple hot carrier gas inlets 700. 1. The hot carrier gas is filled into the annular gap between the annular gas cylinder 401 and the separating circular frame 501 and the separating cylinder 201 through multiple air holes 402 on the annular gas cylinder 401. The hot carrier gas filled in the annular gap is mixed and heat exchanged with the large particles of biomass through multiple second filters 502 and multiple first filters 203. This method of mixing and heat exchange with the large particles of biomass increases the residence time of the large particles of biomass in the pyrolysis chamber 101, ensuring that the hot carrier gas and the large particles of biomass are fully mixed and heat exchanged, and improving the working efficiency of the pyrolysis reaction of the hot carrier gas and the large particles of biomass.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis reactor, characterized in that, include: A pyrolysis reaction cylinder (100) is provided with a pyrolysis chamber (101) inside, which provides a chamber for mixing and heat exchange of large-particle biomass with heat carrier gas; a first partition assembly (200) is disposed inside the pyrolysis chamber (101) and has a channel inside, which is used for mixing and heat exchange of large-particle biomass with heat carrier gas; a conveying drive assembly (300) is disposed inside the first partition assembly (200) and is used for conveying the large-particle biomass upward during the mixing and heat exchange process inside the first partition assembly (200); A hot carrier gas assembly (400) is disposed in a pyrolysis chamber (101), wherein the hot carrier gas blown out from the hot carrier gas assembly (400) is mixed and heat exchanged with large particles of biomass; a second separator assembly (500) is disposed in a pyrolysis chamber (101), wherein the pyrolysis chamber (101) is used to separate and block large particles of biomass.

2. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis reaction cylinder (100) is provided with multiple biomass feed ports (600), and the multiple biomass feed ports (600) are connected to the pyrolysis chamber (101) of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder (100).

3. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first separating component (200) includes: a separating cylinder (201) disposed inside the pyrolysis chamber (101), and a plurality of feed inlets (202) opened at the bottom opening of the separating cylinder (201); and a first filter screen (203) disposed on the separating cylinder (201).

4. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying drive assembly includes: a motor (301) disposed on the bottom side of the pyrolysis reaction cylinder (100); a drive rod (302) with one end of the drive rod (302) mounted on the output shaft of the motor (301), and the other end of the drive rod (302) extending rotatably into the separator cylinder (201); and a spiral blade (303) fixedly mounted on the drive rod (302), with the outer surface of the spiral blade (303) rotatably adhering to the inner wall of the separator cylinder (201).

5. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat carrier gas assembly (400) includes: an annular gas cylinder (401), which is disposed on the inner wall of the top side of the pyrolysis chamber (101) and has a chamber; and air holes (402), which are provided on the annular gas cylinder (401).

6. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pyrolysis reaction cylinder (100) is provided with multiple hot carrier gas inlets (700), which are connected to the chamber of the annular gas cylinder (401).

7. The biomass pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second separating component (500) includes: a separating circular frame (501) disposed on the top inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber (101); and a second filter (502) disposed on the separating circular frame (501).

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