Biomass gas purification treatment system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass gas purification treatment system, which belongs to the technical field of biomass gas treatment and comprises a cyclone dust collector, a gas collection and dust removal box and a non-woven fabric filter. A first baffle and a second baffle are arranged at the bottom in the gas collection and dust removal box to divide the gas collection and dust removal box into a first gas collection chamber, a second gas collection chamber and a third gas collection chamber, and the tops of the first baffle and the second baffle are close to the top of the gas collection and dust removal box; a third baffle, a fourth baffle and a fifth baffle are sequentially arranged at the tops in the first gas collection chamber, the second gas collection chamber and the third gas collection chamber, water seal water is contained at the bottoms of the first gas collection chamber, the second gas collection chamber and the third gas collection chamber, and the bottoms of the third baffle, the fourth baffle and the fifth baffle are close to the liquid level of the water seal water. The special gas collection and dust removal box is designed and manufactured according to the characteristics of the biomass gas, and relatively clean biomass gas can be obtained from the biomass gas outlet pipe at the top of the gas collection and dust removal box.

Description

A biomass gas purification system Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of biomass gas treatment technology, and more specifically relates to a biomass gas purification and treatment system. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass is a zero-carbon, renewable energy source and a green energy technology actively supported and encouraged by the state, playing a crucial role in achieving the national 30 / 60 carbon reduction target. Biomass gasification technology converts various biomass raw materials such as wood, straw, and rice husks into combustible gases through pyrolysis and gasification processes. These gases serve as primary energy sources for power generation, heating, or industrial kiln heating and drying processes, meeting users' end-use energy needs.

[0003] In heating applications, biomass gas is typically treated after combustion in a boiler to produce flue gas. Before entering the boiler, the biomass gas often contains high levels of impurities such as tar and dust, which does not meet the operational requirements of gas-fired generator sets. However, in industrial kiln applications, to meet the requirements for drying or calcining industrial materials, the flue gas from biomass gas combustion needs to come into direct contact with the materials. Therefore, the biomass gas must undergo proper pre-purification treatment to meet the needs of subsequent processes. After purification, the biomass gas can also meet the operational requirements of gas-fired internal combustion generator sets.

[0004] Traditional gas treatment processes typically employ electrostatic precipitator, water spraying, and activated carbon adsorption to remove tar and dust. However, when applied in biomass gasification systems, these processes pose a risk of deflagration and explosion due to excessive oxygen levels in the electrostatic precipitator. Furthermore, the use of traditional water spraying results in a significant increase in wastewater treatment costs due to the presence of tar and wood vinegar. Activated carbon adsorption also presents challenges, such as tar adsorption affecting normal operation and high costs associated with activated carbon replacement.

[0005] Therefore, how to develop a safe, low-cost, and operational biomass gas purification system is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a biomass gas purification and treatment system.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A biomass gas purification system includes a cyclone dust collector, a gas collection and dust collection box, and a non-woven fabric filter;

[0009] The aforementioned cyclone dust collector, air collection and dust removal box, and non-woven fabric filter are connected in sequence via pipelines;

[0010] The bottom of the aforementioned dust collection box is provided with a first baffle and a second baffle to divide the dust collection box into a first dust collection chamber, a second dust collection chamber and a third dust collection chamber. The tops of the first baffle and the second baffle are close to the top of the dust collection box.

[0011] The top of the first, second, and third gas collecting chambers is provided with a third baffle, a fourth baffle, and a fifth baffle in sequence. The bottom of the first, second, and third gas collecting chambers is filled with water seal water. The bottom of the third, fourth, and fifth baffles is close to the surface of the water seal water.

[0012] The above-mentioned gas collection and dust removal box has a biomass gas inlet pipe on one side of the top and a biomass gas outlet pipe on the other side. The bottom of the first gas collection chamber, the second gas collection chamber and the third gas collection chamber are connected to a drain pipe. A drain valve is installed on the drain pipe and an oil collection tank is placed at the bottom of the drain pipe.

[0013] It also includes a water supply pipe, which passes through the first gas collection chamber, the first baffle and the second baffle in sequence. The water supply pipe is located above the water seal liquid level. Water outlet holes are provided in the positions of the water supply pipe in the first gas collection chamber, the second gas collection chamber and the third gas collection chamber. A water inlet valve is provided at the water inlet of the water supply pipe.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Biomass gas enters the cyclone dust collector, where large particulate impurities are removed. The gas after cyclone dust removal enters the gas collection and dust collection box. The gas flow rate is changed by the change in the diameter of the air inlet pipe achieved by the first to the fifth baffle. Taking advantage of the fact that the density of each impurity is relatively high when the gas flow rate is slow, impurities such as tar, wood vinegar, and dust are naturally settled.

[0015] This invention designs and manufactures a special gas collection and dust removal box based on the characteristics of biomass gas. Relatively clean biomass gas can be obtained from the biomass gas outlet pipe at the top of the gas collection and dust removal box.

[0016] This invention features three identical gas collecting chambers, from the first to the third, to improve the quality of impurity separation.

[0017] Water seals are installed at the bottom of the first, second, and third gas collection chambers to ensure gas sealing and to absorb impurities such as deposited tar, dust, and wood vinegar.

[0018] An oil collection tank is placed at the bottom of the sewage pipe to collect tar, dust and other impurities discharged from the sewage pipe at the bottom of the first gas collection chamber to the third gas collection chamber. When a certain amount is accumulated, the tar is collected into a special storage device for subsequent processing.

[0019] Periodically open the drain valve to discharge the tar dust in the lower part of the water seal to the oil collection tank. During discharge, control the minimum height of the water seal liquid level to prevent biomass gas leakage. After discharge, close the drain valve and start water replenishment to restore the water seal water level inside the gas collection and dust removal box to the set value.

[0020] The gas from the biomass gas outlet pipe of the gas collection and dust removal box enters the non-woven fabric filter for further filtration of impurities in the gas.

[0021] Furthermore, the aforementioned cyclone dust collector includes a primary cyclone dust collector and a secondary cyclone dust collector, which are connected sequentially by pipelines.

[0022] Furthermore, the aforementioned nonwoven fabric filter includes a first nonwoven fabric filter and a second nonwoven fabric filter, and the aforementioned gas collection and dust removal box is connected to the first nonwoven fabric filter and the second nonwoven fabric filter respectively through pipes.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are as follows: The non-woven fabric filter design employs a one-in-one-backup configuration, ensuring that the normal operation of the system is not affected when replacing the filter bag. The filter bags in the non-woven fabric filter need to be replaced periodically. When replacing the filter bag in one of the non-woven fabric filters, the gas passes through the other non-woven fabric filter before entering subsequent processes, ensuring the normal operation of the system.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a feeding machine, a gasifier, a gas blower, and a burner. The feeding machine is fixedly connected to the gasifier. The gasifier, gas blower, primary cyclone dust collector, secondary cyclone dust collector, and gas collection dust collection box are connected in sequence through pipelines. The gas blower is connected to the primary cyclone dust collector and the secondary cyclone dust collector through pipelines. The primary cyclone dust collector and the gas collection dust collection box are connected through pipelines. The first non-woven fabric filter and the second non-woven fabric filter are connected to the burner through pipelines.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solution are: when cleaning one of the primary cyclone dust collectors, the biomass gas can pass through another cyclone dust collector, ensuring uninterrupted operation of the system.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a control system, wherein the aforementioned inlet valve and drain valve are electric valves, and the aforementioned inlet valve and drain valve are electrically connected to the control system.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned further technical solutions are: setting up a control system to achieve automatic sewage discharge and water replenishment based on changes in the water seal height.

[0028] Furthermore, the horizontal length of each of the aforementioned first, second, or third gas collection chambers is ≥ twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; the distance between the water seal surface and the top of the gas collection and dust removal box is > twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; the distance between the top of each of the first and second baffles and the top of the gas collection and dust removal box is < less than 1 / 2 the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; and the distance between the bottom of each of the third, fourth, and fifth baffles and the water seal surface is < 1 / 2 the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the biomass gas purification system of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas collection and dust removal box of this utility model;

[0031] Among them, 1-feeding machine, 2-gasifier, 3-gas blower, 4-first-stage cyclone dust collector, 5-second-stage cyclone dust collector, 6-gas collection and dust collection box, 7-first non-woven filter, 8-second non-woven filter, 9-burner, 10-first baffle, 11-second baffle, 12-first gas collection chamber, 13-second gas collection chamber, 14-third gas collection chamber, 15-third baffle, 16-fourth baffle, 17-fifth baffle, 18-water seal, 19-biomass gas inlet pipe, 20-biomass gas outlet pipe, 21-sewage pipe, 22-sewage valve, 23-oil collection tank; 24-water supply pipe, 25-water outlet, 26-water inlet valve. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1-2, the biomass gas purification system includes a cyclone dust collector, a gas collection and dust collection box 6, and a non-woven fabric filter.

[0034] The cyclone dust collector, the air collection and dust collection box 6, and the non-woven filter are connected in sequence through pipes;

[0035] The bottom of the dust collection box 6 is provided with a first baffle 10 and a second baffle 11 to divide the dust collection box 6 into a first dust collection chamber 12, a second dust collection chamber 13 and a third dust collection chamber 14. The tops of the first baffle 10 and the second baffle 11 are close to the top of the dust collection box 6.

[0036] The top of the first gas collecting chamber 12, the second gas collecting chamber 13, and the third gas collecting chamber 14 are provided with a third baffle 15, a fourth baffle 16, and a fifth baffle 17 in sequence. The bottom of the first gas collecting chamber 12, the second gas collecting chamber 13, and the third gas collecting chamber 14 is filled with water seal water 18. The bottom of the third baffle 15, the fourth baffle 16, and the fifth baffle 17 is close to the liquid surface of the water seal water 18.

[0037] The top of the gas collection and dust removal box 6 is provided with a biomass gas inlet pipe 19 on one side and a biomass gas outlet pipe 20 on the other side. The bottom of the first gas collection chamber 12, the second gas collection chamber 13 and the third gas collection chamber 14 are connected to a drain pipe 21. A drain valve 22 is provided on the drain pipe 21 and an oil collection tank 23 is placed at the bottom of the drain pipe 21.

[0038] It also includes a water supply pipe 24, which passes through the first gas collecting chamber 12, the first baffle 10 and the second baffle 11 in sequence. The water supply pipe 24 is located above the liquid surface of the water seal water 18. The water supply pipe 24 is provided with water outlet holes 25 at the positions of the first gas collecting chamber 12, the second gas collecting chamber 13 and the third gas collecting chamber 14. The water inlet of the water supply pipe 24 is provided with a water inlet valve 26.

[0039] In one embodiment, the cyclone dust collector includes a primary cyclone dust collector 4 and a secondary cyclone dust collector 5, which are connected in sequence by pipes.

[0040] In one embodiment, the nonwoven filter includes a first nonwoven filter 7 and a second nonwoven filter 8, and the gas collection and dust removal box 6 is connected to the first nonwoven filter 7 and the second nonwoven filter 8 respectively through pipes.

[0041] In one embodiment, the system further includes a feeder 1, a gasifier 2, a gas blower 3, and a burner 9. The feeder 1 is fixedly connected to the gasifier 2. The gasifier 2, the gas blower 3, the primary cyclone dust collector 4, the secondary cyclone dust collector 5, and the gas collection and dust collection box 6 are connected in sequence through pipelines. The gas blower 3 is connected to the primary cyclone dust collector 4 and the secondary cyclone dust collector 5 through pipelines. The primary cyclone dust collector 4 and the gas collection and dust collection box 6 are connected through pipelines. The first non-woven fabric filter 7 and the second non-woven fabric filter 8 are connected to the burner 9 through pipelines.

[0042] In one embodiment, a control system is also included, wherein the inlet valve 26 and the drain valve 22 are electric valves, and the inlet valve 26 and the drain valve 22 are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

[0043] In one embodiment, the horizontal length of each of the first gas collecting chamber 12, the second gas collecting chamber 13, or the third gas collecting chamber 14 is greater than or equal to twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe 19; the distance between the liquid surface of the water seal 18 and the top of the gas collecting and dust removal box 6 is greater than twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe 19; the distance between the top of each of the first baffle 10 and the second baffle 11 and the top of the gas collecting and dust removal box 6 is less than half the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe 19; and the distance between the bottom of each of the third baffle 15, the fourth baffle 16, and the fifth baffle 17 and the liquid surface of the water seal 18 is less than half the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe 19.

[0044] The working principle of this utility model:

[0045] Biomass feedstock enters the gasifier 2 via the feeder 1 and is converted into biomass gas. The biomass gas then passes through the gas blower 3 and sequentially enters the primary cyclone dust collector 4 and the secondary cyclone dust collector 5 to remove large particulate impurities. The gas after cyclone dust removal enters the gas collection and dust collection box 6, where the gas flow rate is changed by the first baffle 10 to the fifth baffle 17. Taking advantage of the higher density of impurities under slower gas flow, impurities such as tar, wood vinegar, and dust naturally settle. Water seal water 18 is installed at the bottom of the first gas collection chamber 12, the second gas collection chamber 13, and the third gas collection chamber 14. Adsorbent liquid is added to the water seal water 18 to ensure gas sealing and absorb the deposited impurities such as tar, dust, and wood vinegar. An oil collection tank 23 is placed at the bottom of the drain pipe 21 to collect tar, dust, and other impurities discharged from the drain pipe 21 at the bottom of the first gas collection chamber 12 to the third gas collection chamber 14. When a certain amount is accumulated, the impurities are collected in a special storage device for subsequent processing. Periodically open the drain valve 22 to discharge the tar dust at the bottom of the water seal 18 to the oil collection tank 23. During discharge, control the water seal 18 level above the set lower limit to prevent biomass gas leakage. After discharge, close the drain valve 22 and start water replenishment to restore the water seal height inside the gas collection and dust removal box 6 to the set value. The non-woven fabric filter is designed with one filter in use and one on standby to ensure that the system's normal operation is not affected when replacing the filter bag. The filter bags in the non-woven fabric filter need to be replaced regularly. When replacing the filter bag in one non-woven fabric filter, the gas passes through the other non-woven fabric filter before entering the subsequent process, ensuring the normal operation of the system. The biomass gas from the biomass gas outlet pipe 20 of the gas collection and dust removal box 6 enters the non-woven fabric filter for further filtration of impurities in the gas, and finally enters the burner 9, achieving efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly energy utilization. When cleaning one of the first-stage cyclone dust collectors 4, the biomass gas can pass through the other cyclone dust collector 4, ensuring uninterrupted system operation. A control system is set up to automatically discharge sewage and replenish water according to changes in the water seal 18 level. All connecting pipes in this invention are opened and closed via valves.

[0046] The description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A biomass gas purification and treatment system, characterized in that, The system includes a cyclone dust collector, a dust collection box, and a non-woven fabric filter. The cyclone dust collector, dust collection box, and non-woven fabric filter are connected sequentially via pipes. The bottom of the dust collection box is equipped with a first baffle and a second baffle, dividing the dust collection box into a first, second, and third dust collection chamber. The tops of the first and second baffles are close to the top of the dust collection box. The tops of the first, second, and third dust collection chambers are sequentially equipped with a third baffle, a fourth baffle, and a fifth baffle. The bottoms of the first, second, and third dust collection chambers are filled with water seals. The bottoms of the first, second, and third baffles are close to the water seal liquid level; a biomass gas inlet pipe is provided on one side of the top of the gas collection and dust removal box, and a biomass gas outlet pipe is provided on the other side. The bottoms of the first, second, and third gas collection chambers are connected to a drain pipe, which is equipped with a drain valve. An oil collection tank is placed at the bottom of the drain pipe. It also includes a water supply pipe, which passes through the first gas collection chamber, the first baffle, and the second baffle in sequence. The water supply pipe is located above the water seal liquid level. Water outlet holes are provided at the positions of the water supply pipe in the first, second, and third gas collection chambers, and a water inlet valve is provided at the water inlet of the water supply pipe.

2. The biomass gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone dust collector includes a primary cyclone dust collector and a secondary cyclone dust collector, which are connected in sequence by pipelines.

3. The biomass gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nonwoven fabric filter includes a first nonwoven fabric filter and a second nonwoven fabric filter, and the gas collection and dust removal box is connected to the first nonwoven fabric filter and the second nonwoven fabric filter respectively through pipes.

4. The biomass gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding machine, a gasifier, a gas blower, and a burner. The feeding machine is fixedly connected to the gasifier. The gasifier, gas blower, primary cyclone dust collector, secondary cyclone dust collector, and gas collection dust collection box are connected in sequence through pipelines. The gas blower is connected to the primary cyclone dust collector and the secondary cyclone dust collector through pipelines. The primary cyclone dust collector and the gas collection dust collection box are connected through pipelines. The first non-woven fabric filter and the second non-woven fabric filter are connected to the burner through pipelines.

5. The biomass gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a control system, wherein the inlet valve and the drain valve are electric valves, and the inlet valve and the drain valve are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

6. The biomass gas purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal length of each of the first, second, or third gas collection chambers is greater than or equal to twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; the distance between the water seal liquid level and the top of the gas collection and dust removal box is greater than twice the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; the distance between the top of each of the first and second baffles and the top of the gas collection and dust removal box is less than half the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe; and the distance between the bottom of each of the third, fourth, and fifth baffles and the water seal liquid level is less than half the diameter of the biomass gas inlet pipe.

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