Composite gradient yielding lining structure for tunnel

Abstract

The utility model discloses a composite gradient yielding lining structure for a tunnel, and relates to the technical field of yielding lining structures, the composite gradient yielding lining structure comprises a main supporting soft support, a supporting assembly is arranged below the main supporting soft support, the supporting assembly comprises two fixed inner supporting frames, side fixed supporting frames are arranged on the surfaces of one sides of the two fixed inner supporting frames, and the side fixed supporting frames are arranged on the surfaces of the other sides of the two fixed inner supporting frames. Limiting convex blocks are arranged on the surfaces of one sides of the side fixing supporting frames, a center movable frame is further arranged on the bottom face of the main supporting soft support, connecting shaft bodies are arranged at the two ends of the center movable frame, and the other sides of the two connecting shaft bodies are connected with one ends of fixing inner supporting frames correspondingly; according to the tunnel lining structure, the supporting assemblies are arranged, so that elastic degradation and creep deformation caused by a single yielding layer in a long-term high-pressure environment are avoided, and the long-term stability, the maintenance efficiency and the safety of the tunnel lining structure are remarkably improved.

Description

A composite gradient pressure lining structure for tunnels Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure-relief lining structures, specifically a composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's transportation infrastructure construction, tunnel engineering plays an increasingly crucial role in transportation networks such as highways and railways. As a passageway through complex geological environments such as mountains and underground, tunnels face many challenges in construction and operation. The lining structure, as the core part to ensure the stability and safety of tunnels, has always been the focus of research in the field of tunnel engineering.

[0003] In tunnel engineering, the traditional lining structure's pressure-bearing layer design generally suffers from long-term performance degradation and insufficient local stress response, resulting in limited structural safety and durability. Existing technologies mostly use a single material (such as rubber or polymer) or a rigid frame as the pressure-bearing layer. After long-term exposure to surrounding rock pressure, traditional pressure-bearing layers are prone to reduced elasticity, creep deformation, and strength decay. For example, rubber materials are prone to irreversible plastic deformation under continuous high pressure, leading to loss of pressure-bearing capacity, which in turn causes cracking or connection failure of the lining structure, endangering tunnel safety. When local stress is concentrated, traditional pressure-bearing layers are prone to local overload due to their lack of graded response capability, accelerating material aging and even causing structural instability, resulting in low maintenance efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A composite gradient pressure lining structure for tunnels, comprising,

[0007] The main support soft brace has a support assembly below it. The support assembly includes two fixed inner support frames, one side surface of each of the two fixed inner support frames is provided with a side fixed support frame, and one side surface of each side fixed support frame is provided with a limiting protrusion. The bottom surface of the main support soft brace is also provided with a central movable frame.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the central movable frame are provided with connecting shafts, and the other side of the two connecting shafts is respectively connected to one end of the fixed inner support frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the central movable frame is provided with a movable support frame, and the two side surfaces of the movable support frame are provided with auxiliary protrusions for limiting the range of motion of the limiting protrusions. The bottom surface of the movable support frame is also provided with a bottom support frame.

[0010] Furthermore, a force-bearing groove is provided at the center of the bottom support frame, and a main hydraulic cylinder is provided at the center of the force-bearing groove. The end of the output shaft of the main hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bottom surface of the movable support frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the support assembly also includes a secondary support assembly, which is divided into two groups, with one secondary support assembly provided on each of the two side surfaces of the support assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the auxiliary support assembly includes: three auxiliary hydraulic cylinders, which are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support frame. An additional support frame is provided at the end of the output shaft of each auxiliary hydraulic cylinder, and an auxiliary support soft brace is provided on the upper surface of the additional support frame.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. In this solution, by setting up support components and through the synergistic effect of the main hydraulic cylinder and the mechanical limiting structure, a dynamic balance between graded pressure relief and elastic recovery is achieved. The main hydraulic cylinder dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction of the output shaft based on real-time monitoring data from the pressure sensor, forming a graded response mechanism for multi-stage pressure relief. This effectively avoids elastic degradation and creep caused by a single pressure relief layer bearing high pressure for a long time. At the same time, the limiting protrusion and auxiliary protrusion prevent excessive deformation through physical constraints, ensuring that the pressure relief process is always within the elastic deformation range. This significantly extends the service life of the main support soft brace, reduces the risk of structural deformation or connection failure caused by material performance degradation, and improves the long-term stability and safety of the tunnel lining structure.

[0015] 2. In this solution, by setting up a secondary support component, and through independently controlled secondary hydraulic cylinders and secondary support soft supports, precise response and energy absorption are achieved in local high-stress areas of the tunnel. When the pressure sensor detects local stress concentration, the corresponding secondary hydraulic cylinder drives the additional support frame to rise, compressing the secondary support soft supports to form a local pressure relief layer, effectively dispersing the surrounding rock pressure and preventing the main support component from deteriorating rapidly due to local overload. In addition, the liftable support characteristic of the secondary support component allows for temporary replacement of the main support component during maintenance. By independently bearing the surrounding rock pressure, the secondary support component provides a safe operating space for the rapid replacement of the main support soft supports, significantly shortening maintenance time, ensuring the continuity of tunnel construction or operation, and reducing maintenance costs and safety risks. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the secondary support component structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the support component structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the movable support frame structure of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Main support soft brace; 2. Secondary support soft brace; 3. Additional support frame; 4. Bottom support frame; 5. Secondary hydraulic cylinder; 6. Side fixed support frame; 7. Movable support frame; 8. Auxiliary protrusion; 9. Central movable frame; 10. Fixed inner support frame; 11. Main hydraulic cylinder; 12. Connecting shaft; 13. Force groove; 14. Restricting protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Example 1: Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels includes:

[0023] The main support soft brace 1 is provided with a support assembly below it. The support assembly includes: two fixed inner support frames 10, a side fixed support frame 6 on one side surface of the two fixed inner support frames 10, a limiting protrusion 14 on one side surface of the side fixed support frame 6, a central movable frame 9 on the bottom surface of the main support soft brace 1, a connecting shaft 12 on both ends of the central movable frame 9, and the other side of the two connecting shafts 12 is connected to one end of the fixed inner support frame 10 respectively. A movable support frame 7 is provided on the bottom surface of the central movable frame 9, and auxiliary protrusions 8 on both sides of the movable support frame 7 for limiting the range of motion of the limiting protrusions 14 are provided. A bottom support frame 4 is also provided on the bottom surface of the movable support frame 7, a force groove 13 is provided at the center of the bottom support frame 4, a main hydraulic cylinder 11 is provided at the center of the force groove 13, a pressure sensor is provided on the bottom surface of the main hydraulic cylinder 11, and the end of the output shaft of the main hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the bottom surface of the movable support frame 7.

[0024] The main hydraulic cylinder 11, as the core drive unit, monitors the changes in tunnel surrounding rock pressure in real time through a pressure sensor and dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction of the output shaft. When the surrounding rock pressure increases, the main hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the central movable frame 9 downward, compressing the space between the movable support frame 7 and the bottom support frame 4, forming a first-level pressure relief. If the pressure continues to increase, the main hydraulic cylinder 11 further compresses, driving the fixed inner support frame 10 to expand outward through the connecting shaft 12, triggering a second-level pressure relief. This graded adjustment mechanism avoids material degradation caused by a single pressure relief layer bearing high pressure for a long time. Through the dynamic response of the hydraulic system, the pressure relief process is always within the elastic deformation range, and in conjunction with the auxiliary support components, a superior support effect is achieved.

[0025] The support assembly also includes a secondary support assembly, which is divided into two groups. Each of the two sides of the support assembly is provided with a secondary support assembly. Taking one group of secondary support assemblies as an example, the secondary support assembly includes: three secondary hydraulic cylinders 5. The three secondary hydraulic cylinders 5 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support frame 4. An additional support frame 3 is provided at the end of the output shaft of the secondary hydraulic cylinders 5. A secondary support soft support 2 is provided on the upper surface of the additional support frame 3.

[0026] Under normal conditions, the secondary support soft brace 2 of the secondary support assembly does not participate in the support work. When in use, the secondary support assembly independently controls the lifting and lowering of the auxiliary support frame 3 through the secondary hydraulic cylinder 5 to form a local pressure relief layer. When the pressure sensor detects high stress concentration in a certain area of ​​the tunnel, the corresponding secondary hydraulic cylinder 5 is activated, pushing the auxiliary support frame 3 to move upward, compressing the secondary support soft brace 2, and absorbing local deformation energy. In addition, combined with the structural feature of the support assembly that can be lowered, and the structural feature of the secondary support assembly that can be raised to temporarily replace the support assembly for support, after a long period of use, the support assembly can be temporarily withdrawn from the support state and temporarily supported by the secondary support assembly. Subsequently, the main support soft brace 1 can be replaced by the staff.

[0027] Working principle:

[0028] The main hydraulic cylinder 11, as the core drive unit, monitors the changes in tunnel surrounding rock pressure in real time through a pressure sensor and dynamically adjusts the extension and retraction of the output shaft. When the surrounding rock pressure increases, the main hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the central movable frame 9 downward, compressing the space between the movable support frame 7 and the bottom support frame 4, forming a first-level pressure relief. If the pressure continues to increase, the main hydraulic cylinder 11 further compresses, driving the fixed inner support frame 10 to expand outward through the connecting shaft 12, triggering a second-level pressure relief. This graded adjustment mechanism avoids material degradation caused by a single pressure relief layer bearing high pressure for a long time. Through the dynamic response of the hydraulic system, the pressure relief process is always within the elastic deformation range, and in conjunction with the auxiliary support components, a superior support effect is achieved.

[0029] Under normal conditions, the secondary support soft brace 2 of the secondary support assembly does not participate in the support work. When in use, the secondary support assembly independently controls the lifting and lowering of the auxiliary support frame 3 through the secondary hydraulic cylinder 5 to form a local pressure relief layer. When the pressure sensor detects high stress concentration in a certain area of ​​the tunnel, the corresponding secondary hydraulic cylinder 5 is activated, pushing the auxiliary support frame 3 to move upward, compressing the secondary support soft brace 2, and absorbing local deformation energy. In addition, combined with the structural feature of the support assembly that can be lowered, and the structural feature of the secondary support assembly that can be raised to temporarily replace the support assembly for support, after a long period of use, the support assembly can be temporarily withdrawn from the support state and temporarily supported by the secondary support assembly. Subsequently, the main support soft brace 1 can be replaced by the staff.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels, characterized in that, include: The main support soft brace (1) is provided with a support assembly below it. The support assembly includes two fixed inner support frames (10), one side surface of the two fixed inner support frames (10) is provided with a side fixed support frame (6), one side surface of the side fixed support frame (6) is provided with a limiting protrusion (14), and the bottom surface of the main support soft brace (1) is also provided with a central movable frame (9).

2. The composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the central movable frame (9) are provided with connecting shafts (12), and the other side of the two connecting shafts (12) are respectively connected to one end of the fixed inner support frame (10).

3. A composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the central movable frame (9) is provided with a movable support frame (7), and the two side surfaces of the movable support frame (7) are provided with auxiliary protrusions (8) for controlling the range of motion of the limiting protrusion (14). The bottom surface of the movable support frame (7) is also provided with a bottom support frame (4).

4. A composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: A force-bearing groove (13) is provided at the center of the bottom support frame (4), and a main hydraulic cylinder (11) is provided at the center of the force-bearing groove (13). The output shaft end of the main hydraulic cylinder (11) is connected to the bottom surface of the movable support frame (7).

5. A composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly also includes a secondary support assembly, which is divided into two groups, with one secondary support assembly provided on each of the two side surfaces of the support assembly.

6. A composite gradient pressure-relief lining structure for tunnels according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary support assembly includes three auxiliary hydraulic cylinders (5), which are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bottom support frame (4). An additional support frame (3) is provided at the end of the output shaft of the auxiliary hydraulic cylinder (5), and an auxiliary support soft brace (2) is provided on the upper surface of the additional support frame (3).

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