Efficient reaction device for continuous production of fullerene

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fullerene production, in particular to an efficient reaction device for continuous fullerene production. Comprising a vacuum furnace, two intermittent feeding devices, a plurality of anode carbon rods and a plurality of cathode rods, a bracket is arranged at the bottom end of the vacuum furnace; two ends of the vacuum furnace are connected with communicating pipes; the two intermittent feeding devices are symmetrically installed on the two sides of the vacuum furnace. The intermittent feeding mechanism comprises a material box, a push column and a power assembly used for driving the push column to move. And the plurality of anode carbon rods and the plurality of cathode rods are respectively stacked in the material boxes on the two sides. According to the technical scheme, continuous feeding of the anode carbon rods can be achieved so that continuous production work can be achieved, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

A high-efficiency reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fullerene production technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency reaction device for continuous fullerene production. Background Technology

[0002] In 1985, Kroto et al. discovered fullerenes during laser sputtering studies of graphite under high vacuum conditions, pioneering research into their preparation. However, laser sputtering production is costly and can only produce a few thousand fullerene molecules, hindering mass production. Later, through continuous exploration and research, scientists invented more methods for preparing fullerenes, mainly divided into evaporation graphite methods and CVD methods. Evaporation graphite methods include laser sputtering evaporation, arc discharge evaporation, and plasma evaporation graphite methods; CVD methods include benzene combustion, acetylene catalytic thermal decomposition, and explosion-assisted vapor deposition.

[0003] The electric arc method is a commonly used method for preparing fullerenes. It involves the formation of graphite electrodes by evaporating graphite electrodes through an electric arc discharge between the anode and cathode electrodes in an electric arc synthesis furnace. However, since the anode graphite electrode is consumed relatively quickly, it needs to be added intermittently. During the manual addition process, helium gas inside the furnace will overflow and the operation needs to be stopped, which seriously affects the production efficiency of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the background technology by proposing a highly efficient reaction device for the continuous production of fullerenes.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is a high-efficiency reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes, comprising:

[0006] A vacuum furnace, with a support at the bottom; both ends of the vacuum furnace are connected to connecting pipes.

[0007] Two intermittent feeding devices are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vacuum furnace. The intermittent feeding mechanism includes a material box, a pusher column, and a power component for driving the pusher column to move. The material box is installed on a support, and the bottom end of the material box is connected to the corresponding side connecting pipe. The pusher column moves through the bottom of the material box.

[0008] Multiple anode carbon rods and cathode rods are respectively arranged in the two side hoppers; the ends of the anode carbon rods are connected to the inserts, and the other ends of the anode carbon rods are all provided with slots.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a scraping mechanism, which includes a first servo motor, a scraping frame, and two support plates. The scraping frame is rotatably installed inside the vacuum furnace, and the two support plates are fixedly connected to the scraping frame.

[0010] Preferably, the vacuum furnace is provided with a cooling chamber with a sealed structure, and the upper and lower ends of the cooling chamber are respectively connected to a water inlet pipe and a return pipe, and both the return pipe and the water inlet pipe are equipped with solenoid valves.

[0011] Preferably, a helium inlet pipe is connected to the vacuum furnace, and a solenoid valve is installed on the helium inlet pipe; a pressure gauge is also installed on the helium inlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a vacuum pump is installed on the vacuum furnace, and a vacuum pumping pipe is connected to the vacuum furnace. A pressure gauge and a solenoid valve are installed on the vacuum pumping pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode are installed on the two side hoppers respectively. The anode carbon rod is connected to the anode electrode, and the cathode rod is connected to the cathode electrode. The power supply is connected to the anode carbon rod and the cathode rod by a sliding brush or a flexible cable. The sliding brush and the flexible cable are located in the corresponding side connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the power assembly includes a drive accessory box, a connecting slider, a second servo motor, and a threaded rod. The drive accessory box is mounted on a bracket, the threaded rod is rotatably mounted inside the drive accessory box, the second servo motor is mounted on the drive accessory box and its output shaft is connected to the threaded rod, the connecting slider is connected to the outer end of the push column, and the drive accessory box has a sliding hole for the connecting slider to slide. The connecting slider is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: The present invention can realize continuous feeding of anode carbon rods for continuous production. During the feeding process, the sealing environment inside the vacuum furnace will not be changed, thus eliminating the need for frequent vacuuming and helium injection operations, improving work efficiency and saving energy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 is a partial enlarged structural diagram of point A in Figure 2.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Vacuum furnace; 1001. Cooling chamber; 2. Support; 3. Drive accessory box; 4. Push column; 5. Material box; 51. Sealing cover plate; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Vacuum pump; 8. First servo motor; 9. Helium inlet pipe; 10. Connecting slider; 11. Return pipe; 12. Water inlet pipe; 13. Discharge pipe; 14. Valve; 15. Cathode electrode; 16. Anode electrode; 17. Support plate; 19. First sealing ring; 21. Scraper rack; 22. Anode carbon rod; 23. Cathode rod; 24. Second servo motor; 25. Insertion column. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Example 1

[0021] As shown in Figures 1-3, the efficient reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes proposed in this embodiment includes a vacuum furnace 1, two intermittent feeding devices, multiple anode carbon rods 22, and multiple cathode rods 23.

[0022] A support 2 is provided at the bottom of the vacuum furnace 1. It should be noted that a discharge pipe 13 is connected to the bottom of the vacuum furnace 1, and a valve 14 is installed on the discharge pipe 13. Both ends of the vacuum furnace 1 are connected to connecting pipes 6. A helium inlet pipe 9 is connected to the vacuum furnace 1, and a solenoid valve is installed on the helium inlet pipe 9. A pressure gauge is also installed on the helium inlet pipe 9. A vacuum pump 7 is installed on the vacuum furnace 1, and a vacuum extraction pipe is connected between the vacuum pump 7 and the vacuum furnace 1. A pressure gauge and a solenoid valve are installed on the vacuum extraction pipe.

[0023] Two intermittent feeding devices are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vacuum furnace 1. The intermittent feeding mechanism includes a material box 5, a pusher 4, and a power assembly for driving the pusher 4. The power assembly includes a drive accessory box 3, a connecting slider 10, a second servo motor 24, and a threaded rod. The drive accessory box 3 is mounted on the bracket 2. The threaded rod is rotatably mounted inside the drive accessory box 3. The second servo motor 24 is mounted on the drive accessory box 3, and its output shaft is connected to the threaded rod. The connecting slider 10 is connected to the outer end of the pusher 4. The drive accessory box 3 has a sliding hole for the connecting slider 10 to slide. The connecting slider 10 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod. The material box 5 is installed on the bracket 2. Furthermore, the upper end of the material box 5 is open and a sealing cover 51 is detachably installed. The sealing cover 51 is connected to the material box 5 by screws, and a sealing gasket is installed at the lower end of the sealing cover 51 to enhance the sealing performance. The internal space of the material box 5 can only accommodate a single anode carbon rod 22 or a single cathode rod 23. The bottom end of the material box 5 is connected to the corresponding side connecting pipe 6. The push column 4 moves through the bottom of the material box 5. A first sealing ring 19 is installed on the outside of the material box 5 to seal the push column 4. The intermittent feeding mechanism, the connecting pipe 6 and the vacuum furnace 1 are all made of insulating materials.

[0024] Multiple anode carbon rods 22 and cathode rods 23 are respectively arranged in the material bins 5 on both sides, and the anode carbon rods 22 are stacked in the material bins 5 on the corresponding sides. The ends of the anode carbon rods 22 are connected to the inserts 25. The inserts 25 are made of the same material as the anode carbon rods 22 and are integrally formed. The other end of each anode carbon rod 22 is provided with a slot. By setting the above structure, the stability of the connection between two adjacent anode carbon rods 22 can be improved. If the above structure is not set, the anode carbon rods 22 will fall when they are about to be consumed and cross the unsupported position. When the operator places the bottom anode carbon rod 22, he can cut off the inserts 25 at the end of the anode carbon rod 22.

[0025] Cathode electrode 15 and anode electrode 16 are installed on the two side hoppers 5 respectively. Anode carbon rod 22 is connected to anode electrode 16, and cathode rod 23 is connected to cathode electrode 15. The power supply is connected to anode carbon rod 22 and cathode rod 23 by sliding brush or flexible cable. Sliding brush and flexible cable are located in the corresponding side connecting pipe 6.

[0026] In this embodiment, the specific steps for preparing fullerenes are as follows:

[0027] Vacuum pump 7 is used to evacuate the interior of vacuum furnace 1, removing oxygen and moisture. High-purity helium is then introduced into vacuum furnace 1 through helium inlet pipe 9; the optimal pressure varies depending on the equipment. After the anode carbon rod 22 contacts the cathode rod 23, they slowly separate, maintaining a certain gap to form a stable electric arc. The arc temperature reaches 3000-4000℃, causing the graphite anode to evaporate rapidly and generate carbon plasma. It should be noted that the cathode rod 23 is fixedly connected to the corresponding side push column 4 by binding or bonding. The cathode rod 23 is consumed relatively slowly, and its main function is... The electric arc circuit is maintained, and the anode carbon rod 22 is the main consumable. The high temperature of the electric arc directly evaporates the anode carbon rod 22, and carbon atoms enter the gas phase in the form of plasma. The evaporated carbon atoms are cooled in an inert gas and then form fullerenes. The soot (containing fullerenes, graphite fragments, and amorphous carbon) is finally deposited on the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 1. After the work is completed, the first servo motor 8 is started to drive the scraper 21 to rotate. The scraper 21 can scrape the material off the inner wall of the vacuum furnace 1. Furthermore, the bottom of the inner cavity of the vacuum furnace 1 is a conical funnel structure, which facilitates the subsequent material discharge work.

[0028] In this technical solution, before the anode carbon rod 22 is almost consumed, the corresponding side push column 4 can be moved by the set power component. The inner end of the push column 4 moves to the end of the sealing cover plate 51. At this time, the anode carbon rod 22 stacked at the lowest end falls down, pushing the push column 4 to move towards the side of the vacuum furnace 1 again. At this time, the insertion post 25 on the rear anode carbon rod 22 is directly inserted into the slot of the front anode carbon rod 22, thus completing the connection of the two anode carbon rods 22. In summary, this technical solution can realize continuous feeding of anode carbon rods 22 for continuous production. During the feeding process, the internal sealing environment of the vacuum furnace 1 will not be changed, thus eliminating the need for frequent vacuuming and helium injection operations, improving work efficiency and saving energy.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this embodiment proposes a high-efficiency reaction device for continuous fullerene production. Compared with Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes a scraping mechanism. The scraping mechanism includes a first servo motor 8, a scraper frame 21, and two support plates 17. The scraper frame 21 is rotatably installed inside the vacuum furnace 1. The upper end of the scraper frame 21 is connected to a rotating shaft, which is rotatably installed on the vacuum furnace 1. A second sealing ring (not shown) is installed on the vacuum furnace 1 to seal the rotating shaft. Both support plates 17 are fixedly connected to the scraper frame 21. It should be noted that the upper end of the support plate 17 has a downwardly concave arc surface structure. The function of the support plate 17 is to support the anode carbon rod 22 and the cathode rod 23, reducing the suspension length of the anode carbon rod 22 and the cathode rod 23.

[0031] Example 3

[0032] As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment proposes a high-efficiency reaction device for continuous fullerene production. Compared with Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a cooling chamber 1001 with a sealed structure is provided on the vacuum furnace 1. The upper and lower ends of the cooling chamber are respectively connected to a water inlet pipe 12 and a return pipe 11. Solenoid valves are installed on both the return pipe 11 and the water inlet pipe 12. One end of the water inlet pipe 12 is connected to a water pipe. By injecting cooling water into the water pipe, the cooling water flows into the cooling chamber 1001 through the water inlet pipe 12, thereby achieving effective cooling of the vacuum furnace 1 and preventing the vacuum furnace 1 from overheating. The heated water is finally discharged through the return pipe 11.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency reaction apparatus for continuous production of fullerenes, characterized in that, include: A vacuum furnace (1) is provided with a support (2) at the bottom of the vacuum furnace (1); both ends of the vacuum furnace (1) are connected to a connecting pipe (6); two intermittent feeding devices are symmetrically installed on both sides of the vacuum furnace (1); the intermittent feeding mechanism includes a material box (5), a pusher (4) and a power component for driving the pusher (4) to move. The material box (5) is installed on the support (2), and the bottom end of the material box (5) is connected to the corresponding side connecting pipe (6). The pusher (4) moves through the bottom of the material box (5); multiple anode carbon rods (22) and cathode rods (23) are respectively arranged in the material boxes (5) on both sides; the end of the anode carbon rod (22) is connected to a plug (25), and the other end of the anode carbon rod (22) is provided with a slot.

2. The high-efficiency reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a scraping mechanism, which includes a first servo motor (8), a scraper (21) and two trays (17). The scraper (21) is rotatably installed inside the vacuum furnace (1), and the two trays (17) are fixedly connected to the scraper (21).

3. The high-efficiency reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum furnace (1) is equipped with a cooling chamber (1001) with a sealed structure. The upper and lower ends of the cooling chamber are connected to a water inlet pipe (12) and a return pipe (11), respectively. Solenoid valves are installed on both the return pipe (11) and the water inlet pipe (12).

4. The high-efficiency reaction device for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A helium inlet pipe (9) is connected to the vacuum furnace (1), and a solenoid valve is installed on the helium inlet pipe (9); a pressure gauge is also installed on the helium inlet pipe (9).

5. The high-efficiency reaction apparatus for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vacuum pump (7) is installed on the vacuum furnace (1). A vacuum pump (7) is connected to the vacuum furnace (1) via a vacuum tube. A pressure gauge and a solenoid valve are installed on the vacuum tube.

6. The high-efficiency reaction apparatus for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cathode electrode (15) and an anode electrode (16) are installed on the two side hoppers (5), respectively. The anode carbon rod (22) is connected to the anode electrode (16), and the cathode rod (23) is connected to the cathode electrode (15). The power supply is connected to the anode carbon rod (22) and the cathode rod (23) by a sliding brush or a flexible cable. The sliding brush and the flexible cable are located in the corresponding side connecting pipe (6).

7. The high-efficiency reaction apparatus for continuous production of fullerenes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power assembly includes a drive accessory box (3), a connecting slider (10), a second servo motor (24), and a threaded rod. The drive accessory box (3) is mounted on the bracket (2). The threaded rod is rotatably mounted inside the drive accessory box (3). The second servo motor (24) is mounted on the drive accessory box (3) and its output shaft is connected to the threaded rod. The connecting slider (10) is connected to the outer end of the push column (4). The drive accessory box (3) has a sliding hole for the connecting slider (10) to slide. The connecting slider (10) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod.

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