Teaching appliance

Abstract

The utility model relates to a teaching aid, which is used for simulating a blood splashing track, and comprises a liquid storage bottle provided with a containing cavity used for containing blood or simulating blood and a connector; the blood vessel simulation spray pipe is arranged at the interface and is communicated with the accommodating cavity; the electric air pump is provided with an air conveying pipe, the air conveying pipe communicates with the containing cavity, and the electric air pump is configured to be capable of inputting air into the containing cavity through the air conveying pipe; the air pressure detection element is communicated with the accommodating cavity and is used for detecting and displaying a pressure value in the accommodating cavity; the valve body is arranged at the connector and can control the connector to be opened or closed, when the valve body controls the connector to be closed, the electric air pump inputs air into the containing cavity to increase the pressure in the containing cavity, and when the valve body controls the connector to be opened, blood or simulated blood can be sprayed out of the blood vessel simulation spray pipe under the action of the pressure. The teaching aid provided by the utility model is low in cost and more accurate in simulation effect.

Description

Teaching aids Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching aids, and in particular to a teaching aid. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of forensic medicine and criminal investigation education, blood splatter trajectory analysis is one of the core skills for determining the mechanism of injury and reconstructing crime scenes. In traditional teaching, simulating blood splatter often relies on simple manual devices (such as squeezing rubber balls or injecting with syringes) or direct observation of real case images. Manual operation depends on the experimenter's subjective control of the squeezing force and speed, resulting in large fluctuations in splatter pressure and poor trajectory repeatability. It is difficult to accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of different blood vessel ruptures (such as high-pressure arterial jets and low-pressure venous seepage). Although high-speed cameras can record the real splatter process, their equipment purchase and maintenance costs are high, and they require professional operators, making them difficult for most teaching institutions to adopt.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a teaching tool that is cost-effective, easy to operate, and can accurately reproduce different blood splatter patterns to meet the needs of standardized and scenario-based teaching and bridge the technical gap between theoretical instruction and practical training. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a teaching tool that is low in cost and has a more accurate simulation effect for simulating blood splash trajectory, and aims to solve at least one of the problems of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a teaching tool, including:

[0007] A liquid storage bottle having a receiving cavity for holding blood or simulated blood, the liquid storage bottle being provided with an interface;

[0008] A blood vessel-simulated nozzle is disposed at the interface and communicates with the receiving cavity;

[0009] An electric air pump has an air supply pipe connected to the receiving cavity, and the electric air pump is configured to supply gas to the receiving cavity via the air supply pipe.

[0010] A pressure detection element is connected to the receiving cavity and is used to detect and display the pressure value inside the receiving cavity;

[0011] A valve body is disposed at the interface and can control the opening or closing of the interface. When the valve body controls the interface to be closed, the electric air pump inputs gas into the receiving cavity to increase the pressure in the receiving cavity. When the valve body controls the interface to be opened, blood or simulated blood can be ejected from the blood vessel simulation nozzle under pressure.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the blood vessel simulation nozzle is detachably mounted on the interface;

[0013] The teaching aids include multiple simulated blood vessel nozzles, at least some of which have different inner diameters.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the teaching aids include at least the blood vessel simulation nozzle with an inner diameter of 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm and / or 6mm.

[0015] In any of the above technical solutions, the liquid storage bottle is provided with multiple interfaces, and each interface is detachably provided with the blood vessel simulation nozzle.

[0016] In any of the above technical solutions, the blood vessel simulation nozzle is a flexible tube.

[0017] In any of the above technical solutions, the interface is movably disposed on the liquid storage bottle;

[0018] The liquid storage bottle and the interface are provided with a spherical connecting groove and a spherical connecting part, respectively. The spherical connecting part is located in the spherical connecting groove and can move along the surface of the spherical connecting groove.

[0019] In any of the above technical solutions, the liquid storage bottle is provided with a liquid limit mark in the height direction, and the gas delivery pipe extends into the liquid storage bottle and is located above the liquid limit mark.

[0020] The above-mentioned technical solutions also include:

[0021] A bracket extends along the height direction, and a mounting base is provided on the bracket, on which the liquid storage bottle is detachably mounted.

[0022] In any of the above technical solutions, the mounting base is rotatably mounted on the bracket and its angle can be adjusted relative to the bracket.

[0023] The above-mentioned technical solutions also include:

[0024] Multiple plates, each having a different surface roughness, are used to collect blood or simulated blood ejected from the simulated blood vessel nozzle.

[0025] This invention provides a teaching aid that uses a liquid storage bottle to hold real or simulated blood, combined with an openable / closable valve, an electric air pump, and a pressure detection element to accurately simulate the blood splattering that occurs when a blood vessel ruptures. The blood vessel simulation nozzle at the bottle's interface is adaptable to the size of human blood vessels. When the valve is closed, the bottle forms a sealed space. The electric air pump pressurizes the liquid at a uniform and controllable inflation rate. The experimenter monitors the pressure in real time using the pressure detection element. When the pressure reaches a target value close to the pressure inside a human blood vessel, pressurization can be stopped immediately and the valve opened, allowing the liquid to be ejected at high speed from the nozzle under pressure, simulating the blood splatter trajectory at the moment of arterial rupture. Alternatively, by controlling the valve to remain open and adjusting the output gas speed, a scenario of continuous venous bleeding can be simulated. Compared to traditional manual squeezing or simple pressurization methods, this method offers a more precise simulation of the ruptured blood splattering effect. This device, through the stable pressure input of the electric air pump and the real-time feedback of the air pressure detection element, significantly improves the accuracy and repeatability of pressure control, making the splash trajectory closer to the real physiological state. At the same time, it avoids pressure fluctuations or liquid waste caused by manual operation. The whole device has a simple structure and low cost, meets the needs of teaching scenarios, and is suitable for practical teaching in fields such as medicine and forensic medicine. It helps students intuitively understand the principles of blood splash dynamics and trauma feature analysis, and has both operational safety and experimental reliability. It solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor controllability of simulation equipment in traditional teaching. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a teaching aid proposed in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] The correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names is as follows:

[0028] 100. Teaching aids; 110. Liquid storage bottle; 111. Interface; 120. Blood vessel simulation nozzle; 130. Electric air pump; 131. Gas delivery pipe; 140. Air pressure detection element. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] The teaching aid 100 of some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to Figure 1.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of this utility model proposes a teaching tool 100, including a liquid storage bottle 110, a blood vessel simulation nozzle 120, an electric air pump 130, an air pressure detection element 140, and a valve body (not shown in the figure).

[0033] The reservoir bottle 110 has a cavity for holding blood or simulated blood. More specifically, the reservoir bottle 110 is a transparent reservoir bottle 110 to facilitate observation of the liquid level inside the reservoir bottle 110 during teaching. Furthermore, the transparent reservoir bottle 110 is equipped with a liquid level indicator, which allows teachers and students to observe the liquid level changes in real time when pouring blood or simulated blood into the reservoir bottle 110, thus avoiding overfilling.

[0034] The storage bottle 110 is provided with an interface 111, and the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 is provided at the interface 111 and communicates with the receiving cavity. The blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 simulates human blood vessels, and the blood or simulated blood in the storage bottle 110 can be sprayed out through the interface 111 and the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120, which is closer to the blood splatter situation at a crime scene.

[0035] The electric air pump 130 has an air supply pipe 131 that is connected to the receiving cavity. The electric air pump 130 is configured to input gas into the receiving cavity through the air supply pipe 131, thereby increasing the pressure inside the liquid storage bottle 110 so as to simulate the pressure of blood vessels in the human body.

[0036] The pressure detection element 140 is connected to the receiving cavity and is used to detect and display the pressure value inside the receiving cavity. For example, the pressure detection element 140 includes a pointer pressure gauge. The pressure detection element detects the pressure value inside the liquid storage bottle 110 in real time. On the one hand, when the electric air pump 130 inputs gas into the liquid storage bottle 110, the pressure value inside the bottle can be observed in real time. When the required simulated blood vessel pressure value is reached, the input is stopped, making the simulation effect closer to the real situation. On the other hand, it also avoids the risk of the bottle bursting due to excessive gas input, ensuring the safety of the experiment.

[0037] The valve body is located at interface 111 and can control the opening or closing of interface 111. When the valve body controls interface 111 to be closed, the electric air pump 130 inputs gas into the receiving cavity to increase the pressure in the receiving cavity. When the valve body controls interface 111 to be open, blood or simulated blood can be ejected from the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 under pressure.

[0038] For example, the valve body includes a clamp or a solenoid valve. The clamp has a relatively simple structure and is less expensive, making it more suitable for teaching scenarios. The solenoid valve eliminates the manual control process, making the control more precise and faster.

[0039] The experiment included a pressurization phase, an injection phase, and a control phase.

[0040] During the pressurization phase, the valve body closes port 111, and the electric air pump 130 inputs gas into the liquid storage bottle 110, which increases the pressure inside the liquid storage bottle 110. When the air pressure detection element 140 detects that the pressure value inside the liquid storage bottle 110 has reached the target pressure value, it controls the electric air pump 130 to stop working.

[0041] During the spraying phase, the valve body opens the port 111, and the blood or simulated blood in the reservoir 110 is sprayed out from the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 under pressure, simulating a sudden splash.

[0042] During the control phase, the valve body remains open at port 111, and the electric air pump 130 delivers air to the storage bottle 110 at the target power, so that blood or simulated blood can be sprayed under a stable low pressure state to simulate venous bleeding.

[0043] This invention's teaching aid 100 uses a storage bottle 110 to hold real or simulated blood. Combined with an openable / closable valve, an electric air pump 130, and a pressure detection element 140, it accurately simulates the blood splattering that occurs when a blood vessel ruptures. The blood vessel simulation nozzle 120, located at the interface 111 of the storage bottle 110, is adaptable to the size of human blood vessels. When the valve is closed, the storage bottle 110 forms a sealed space. The electric air pump 130 pressurizes the vessel at a uniform and controllable inflation rate. The experimenter monitors the pressure value in real time using the pressure detection element 140. When the pressure reaches a target value close to the pressure inside a human blood vessel, pressurization can be stopped immediately and the valve opened, allowing the liquid to be ejected at high speed from the nozzle under pressure, simulating the blood splatter trajectory at the moment of arterial rupture. Alternatively, by controlling the valve to remain open and adjusting the output gas speed, it simulates a continuous venous bleeding scenario. Compared to traditional manual squeezing... This embodiment of the pressure or simple pressurization device significantly improves the accuracy and repeatability of pressure control through the stable pressure input of the electric air pump 130 and the real-time feedback of the air pressure detection element 140, making the splash trajectory closer to the real physiological state. At the same time, it avoids pressure fluctuations or liquid waste caused by manual operation. The whole device has a simple structure and low cost, meets the needs of teaching scenarios, and is suitable for practical teaching in fields such as medicine and forensic medicine. It helps students intuitively understand the principles of blood splash dynamics and trauma feature analysis, and has both operational safety and experimental reliability. It solves the problems of insufficient accuracy and poor controllability of simulation equipment in traditional teaching.

[0044] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 is detachably disposed on the interface 111, wherein the teaching tool 100 includes a plurality of blood vessel simulation nozzles 120, and at least some of the blood vessel simulation nozzles 120 have different inner diameters.

[0045] The detachable vascular simulation nozzle 120, with its various inner diameters, enables the teaching aid 100 to accurately simulate the actual bleeding patterns of different human blood vessels, such as arteries, veins, and capillaries. The different inner diameters of the vascular simulation nozzle 120 correspond to the effects of real blood vessel size differences on blood flow velocity, splash distance, and trajectory. For example, the high-pressure jet from a large artery and the slow flow from a small vein visually demonstrate the correlation between blood vessel diameter and bleeding characteristics. Compared to fixed nozzle devices, this design significantly improves the realism of the simulation and the scope of teaching through modular combination, allowing students to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between blood vessels and bleeding dynamics in practice. At the same time, it reduces the cost of repeated equipment purchases, meeting the dual needs of flexibility and economy in teaching scenarios.

[0046] Furthermore, the teaching aids 100 include at least a vascular simulation nozzle 120 with an inner diameter of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and / or 6 mm.

[0047] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the liquid storage bottle 110 is provided with multiple interfaces 111, and each interface 111 is detachably provided with a blood vessel simulation nozzle 120.

[0048] Multiple interfaces 111 are provided on the reservoir bottle 110, allowing it to connect to multiple simulated blood vessel nozzles 120 simultaneously. This realistically recreates the complex scenario of multiple bleeding points coexisting when a person suffers trauma, such as multiple puncture wounds or blast injuries. The multi-interface design 111 allows experimenters to freely combine nozzles of different inner diameters according to teaching needs. For example, it can simultaneously simulate arterial bleeding and venous bleeding. By adjusting the opening and closing states of the valves at each interface 111 and the air pump pressure parameters, the pressure differences, splashing sequence, and trajectory superposition effects of multiple bleeding points can be dynamically presented. This allows students to intuitively observe the influence of different wound locations and blood vessel types on the overall bloodstain distribution. Compared to a single nozzle device, this expands the scope of teaching cases (such as the correlation analysis of bloodstain morphology in criminal scenes) and meets the needs of high-fidelity teaching.

[0049] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120 is a flexible tube.

[0050] By employing a soft vascular simulated nozzle 120, the spatial position and angle of the nozzle can be freely adjusted. This simulates the differences in blood splash trajectory caused by the dynamic displacement of bleeding points during human movement or changes in body position, such as the splash direction shift when an injured person runs. The flexible nature of the hose allows the experimenter to manually adjust the vascular simulated nozzle 120 to change the spray angle, realistically reproducing the deformation of blood vessels after trauma caused by limb movement, such as the change in splash path caused by muscle compression. It can also simulate the natural course of blood vessels in human tissue, such as the spiral splash characteristics of tortuous arteries. This avoids the limitations of a fixed angle with a rigid nozzle, allowing students to intuitively observe the changing patterns of bloodstain distribution in dynamic bleeding scenarios, strengthening their understanding of key teaching points such as sports injuries.

[0051] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the interface 111 is movably disposed in the liquid storage bottle 110, wherein one of the liquid storage bottle 110 and the interface 111 is provided with a spherical connecting groove, and the other is provided with a spherical connecting part, the spherical connecting part is located in the spherical connecting groove and can move along the surface of the spherical connecting groove.

[0052] The spherical connection between the reservoir 110 and the interface 111 enables multi-degree-of-freedom angle adjustment, simulating the spatial orientation of blood vessels and the direction of bleeding from trauma in different parts of the human body, such as lateral spraying from the carotid artery and vertical dripping from leg veins. The cooperation between the spherical connector and the spherical connecting groove allows the interface 111 to achieve a wider range of adjustment angles, enabling rotation and tilting at any angle. This breaks through the limitation of a single spray direction of the fixed interface 111, accurately reproducing the spray trajectory deviation caused by changes in human posture when a blood vessel is injured, such as the change in blood flow direction when falling. This design allows students to observe the correlation between the spray direction and the bloodstain pattern on the contact surface by manually adjusting the angle of the interface 111, strengthening their understanding of forensic key points such as bleeding point location inference and motion trajectory reconstruction. At the same time, it simplifies the angle adjustment operation of the teaching equipment and improves the simulation efficiency and experimental repeatability of complex bleeding scenarios.

[0053] Furthermore, the liquid storage bottle 110 has an angle mark at the position of the interface 111, which makes it convenient for students to adjust the interface 111 to the target angle according to their needs, improves the positional accuracy of the interface 111 angle adjustment, facilitates students to repeat experiments, and improves the accuracy of experimental results.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the liquid storage bottle 110 is provided with a liquid limit mark in the height direction, and the gas delivery pipe 131 extends into the liquid storage bottle 110 and is located above the liquid limit mark.

[0055] The liquid limit indicator on the height of the storage bottle 110 serves as a reminder to the experimenter not to exceed the marked line when adding liquid, preventing excessive liquid from submerging the gas delivery pipe 131, which could obstruct the gas input to the electric air pump 130 or cause liquid backflow and damage to the equipment. The liquid limit indicator visually indicates the safe liquid volume threshold, ensuring that there is always sufficient gas space in the storage bottle 110. This allows the gas to efficiently propel the liquid from the nozzle and stably spray it out when the electric air pump 130 is pressurized, while also ensuring the accuracy of the data from the pressure detection element.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the teaching aid 100 also includes a bracket, which extends along the height direction and is provided with a mounting base, and the liquid storage bottle 110 is detachably mounted on the mounting base.

[0057] The combination of a bracket and a detachable mounting base secures the liquid storage bottle 110 at a preset height, eliminating spray trajectory deviations caused by hand-held shaking and ensuring consistent experimental conditions. The bracket's height-extending structure allows for stable suspension of the liquid storage bottle 110, preventing uneven pressure distribution due to bottle tilt and ensuring the accuracy of data from the pressure detection element 140 and controllability of the spray direction. The detachable mounting base allows for quick replacement of the liquid storage bottle 110 or combination with other teaching modules (such as the multi-nozzle interface 111), improving equipment reusability and teaching efficiency. It also facilitates adjusting the bottle's spatial position to simulate different bleeding scenarios (such as standing spray and supine seepage), allowing students to focus on observing and analyzing blood morphology, strengthening operational standardization and the ability to repeatedly verify experimental results, thus meeting standardized teaching requirements.

[0058] Furthermore, the mounting base is rotatably mounted on the bracket and its angle and / or height can be adjusted relative to the bracket.

[0059] The rotatable mounting base allows for precise adjustment of the height and spray angle of the reservoir bottle 110, simulating the effects of different body positions (such as standing and lying down) or trauma locations (such as high-level head bleeding and low-level foot bleeding) on ​​the blood splash trajectory. The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment function of the mounting base allows the experimenter to quickly set the spatial posture of the reservoir bottle 110 (such as tilting it at 30° to simulate a lateral decubitus injury), precisely control the height and direction of the nozzle outlet, eliminate human placement errors, and ensure the consistency of experimental conditions. At the same time, it supports comparison of the differences in splash patterns at different heights and angles (such as the bloodstain expansion patterns of vertical dripping and oblique spraying), enabling students to intuitively understand the mechanism of gravity, initial kinetic energy, and the contact surface angle on bloodstain distribution, improving the rigor and practical efficiency of on-site reconstruction teaching. Furthermore, the locking structure after adjustment ensures the stability of the reservoir bottle 110 during the experiment, avoiding data deviations caused by equipment displacement.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further specifies that the teaching aid 100 also includes:

[0061] Multiple plates with different surface roughness are used to collect blood or simulated blood ejected from the blood vessel simulation nozzle 120.

[0062] By using plates with varying surface roughness, this experiment realistically recreates the impact of different contact surfaces (such as smooth walls, rough cement floors, and textiles) on blood splatter patterns at crime scenes. By comparing the bloodstain diffusion range, edge roughness, and penetration depth on plates with different roughnesses under the same splatter conditions, researchers can intuitively analyze the decisive role of surface material in bloodstain morphology (e.g., the difference between radial splatter patterns on smooth surfaces and irregular wetting on rough surfaces). This design enables students to master the core forensic skill of inferring contact surface properties, splatter angle, and velocity from bloodstain morphology. It also supports simulating complex multi-material scenarios (such as blood splattering simultaneously on glass and carpet), enhancing the practical training effect of bloodstain morphology analysis. Furthermore, the replaceable plate design facilitates repeated experiments and case expansion, strengthening the systematic nature of teaching and the ability to reconstruct the chain of evidence. The blood splatter traces collected on the plates can also be directly used as specimens for student study.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A teaching aid for simulating blood splatter trajectories, characterized in that, include: A reservoir bottle has a cavity for holding blood or simulated blood, and the reservoir bottle is provided with an interface; a blood vessel simulation nozzle is disposed at the interface and communicates with the cavity; an electric air pump has an air supply pipe connected to the cavity, and the electric air pump is configured to input gas into the cavity via the air supply pipe; a pressure detection element is connected to the cavity and is used to detect and display the pressure value within the cavity; a valve body is disposed at the interface and can control the opening or closing of the interface. When the valve body controls the interface to close, the electric air pump inputs gas into the cavity to increase the pressure within the cavity. When the valve body controls the interface to open, blood or simulated blood can be ejected from the blood vessel simulation nozzle under pressure.

2. The teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulated blood vessel nozzle is detachably mounted on the interface; wherein the teaching aid includes a plurality of the simulated blood vessel nozzles, and at least some of the simulated blood vessel nozzles have different inner diameters.

3. The teaching aid according to claim 2, characterized in that, The teaching aids include at least the simulated blood vessel nozzles with inner diameters of 1 mm, 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm and / or 6 mm.

4. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The liquid storage bottle is provided with multiple interfaces, and each interface is detachably provided with the blood vessel simulation nozzle.

5. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The simulated blood vessel nozzle is a flexible tube.

6. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The interface is movably disposed on the liquid storage bottle; wherein, one of the liquid storage bottle and the interface is provided with a spherical connecting groove, and the other is provided with a spherical connecting part, the spherical connecting part being located within the spherical connecting groove and being movable along the surface of the spherical connecting groove.

7. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The liquid storage bottle is provided with a liquid limit mark in the height direction, and the gas supply pipe extends into the liquid storage bottle and is located above the liquid limit mark.

8. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A bracket extends along the height direction, and a mounting base is provided on the bracket, on which the liquid storage bottle is detachably mounted.

9. The teaching aid according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting base is rotatably mounted on the bracket and can be adjusted in angle and / or height relative to the bracket.

10. The teaching aid according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple plates, each having a different surface roughness, are used to collect blood or simulated blood ejected from the simulated blood vessel nozzle.

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