Heavy medium cyclone for metal beneficiation
By improving the structural design of the heavy medium hydrocyclone, including the spiral blades and separation mechanism, the problems of sorting accuracy and clogging in traditional hydrocyclones have been solved, achieving efficient screening and cleaning and extending the service life of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HULUDAO SHANHAI MINING RESOURCES CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Traditional heavy medium hydrocyclones have low separation accuracy and are prone to clogging when separating mineral particles with similar densities, especially when processing ores with a high amount of impurities, resulting in decreased equipment operating efficiency.
A heavy medium hydrocyclone was designed, comprising first and second supports, a hydrocyclone cylinder, an elbow, a flushing mechanism, and a separation mechanism. The hydrocyclone changes the movement trajectory of coal blocks by using spiral blades, uses separation bars and baffles to screen out coal blocks that are out of range, and cleans the hydrocyclone cylinder by rotating the inner tube.
It improves sorting accuracy, removes coal chunks that are outside the coal preparation range, reduces equipment wear, extends service life, and effectively prevents blockages.
Smart Images
Figure CN224194927U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal preparation technology, specifically relating to a heavy medium cyclone separator for metal ore beneficiation. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of mineral processing, heavy medium hydrocyclones are important sorting devices, widely used in the beneficiation processes of metal ores and coal mines. Their basic principle is to use centrifugal force to separate mineral particles of different densities. Traditional heavy medium hydrocyclones typically consist of a cylindrical body. By introducing a heavy medium liquid, a high-speed rotating liquid flow field is formed inside the hydrocyclone, thereby achieving the separation of mineral particles.
[0003] However, traditional heavy media hydrocyclones have some shortcomings in use. For example, the separation accuracy is relatively low, especially when processing mineral particles with similar densities, where the separation effect is unsatisfactory. In addition, equipment clogging is also a major problem in operation, especially when processing ores containing a lot of impurities, which can easily lead to a decrease in equipment operating efficiency or even damage to the equipment.
[0004] To address these issues, heavy medium cyclones have been continuously improved and optimized in recent years. For example, more complex internal structures are designed to improve sorting accuracy; or cleaning devices are added to reduce equipment clogging and maintenance costs. However, these improvements typically only solve one problem and fail to simultaneously meet the demands for both sorting accuracy and equipment maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability to remove large-diameter coal lumps exceeding the coal preparation range and the inability to clean the equipment, this invention provides a heavy medium cyclone separator for metal mineral processing.
[0006] This utility model is implemented as follows: a heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal ore beneficiation includes a first support, a second support, a first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder, and a second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder. The first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the first support, and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the second support. The first-stage and second-stage hydrocyclone cylinders are connected by a pipe. The left end of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder is connected to a medium source through a pipe to provide a medium for coal screening to the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder. The model also includes an elbow, a flushing mechanism, and a separation mechanism. One end of the elbow is installed at the feed end of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder; the flushing mechanism is installed at the other end of the elbow; and two separation mechanisms are installed on the inner walls of the first-stage and second-stage hydrocyclone cylinders, respectively.
[0007] The flushing mechanism includes an outer tube, a spiral blade, a first liquid outlet, an inner tube, a second liquid outlet, a slot, and a locking assembly. The outer tube is hollow. The spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer tube, and the spiral blades on the two flushing mechanisms are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first and second hydrocyclone cylinders, changing the movement trajectory of the coal block by blocking the spiral blade. There are several first liquid outlets, equidistantly spaced along the axial direction from left to right on the outer wall of the outer tube. The inner tube is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the outer tube. There are several second liquid outlets, equidistantly spaced along the axial direction from left to right on the outer wall of the inner tube, and the positions of the second liquid outlets correspond one-to-one with the first liquid outlets. There are two slots, both located on the left end of the outer wall of the inner tube. The locking assembly is embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube.
[0008] Furthermore, one of the slots is aligned with the second liquid outlet.
[0009] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a limiting cylinder, a spring, and a ball bearing. The limiting cylinder is embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube. The spring and the ball bearing are inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder from the inside to the outside. Under the action of the spring force, the ball bearing is pushed into the inner cavity of the locking groove to position the inner tube.
[0010] Furthermore, the length of the ball entering the inner cavity of the slot is less than its own radius.
[0011] Furthermore, the separation mechanism includes a separation box, a discharge port, a hopper, separation bars, a motor, a rotating shaft, and stop bars. The separation box is installed at the top of the elbow; the discharge port is located on the right side wall of the separation box; the hopper is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the separation box; there are several separation bars, which are installed at equal intervals from front to back on the left and right inner walls of the separation box; the motor is installed on the front of the separation box; the rotating shaft is installed at the output end of the motor; there are several stop bars, which are installed at equal intervals along the axial direction from front to back on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the stop bars are staggered from the separation bars; the baffle is installed vertically at the top of the inner cavity of the separation box to block the coal blocks.
[0012] Furthermore, both the separating bar and the stop bar are cylindrical in shape.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: by screening coal blocks of different outer diameters through the spacing between the separating bars, the baffle rotates clockwise under the power of the motor, the baffle moves the coal block to the right, and pushes the coal block out of the discharge port, selecting coal blocks whose outer diameter exceeds the screening range, rotating the inner tube, causing the second liquid outlet to change its angle, and pushing the ball into the inner cavity of the slot under the action of the spring force, positioning the inner tube, so that the second liquid outlet is connected with the first liquid outlet, and the first liquid outlet sprays water outward to rinse the spiral blade, the first hydrocyclone cylinder and the second hydrocyclone cylinder;
[0014] Therefore, in actual use, it can pick out coal blocks that are outside the coal preparation range, ensuring the efficiency and quality of sorting. It can also clean the inner walls of the first-stage and second-stage hydrocyclone cylinders, reducing the wear of the first-stage and second-stage hydrocyclone cylinders and extending their service life. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the rinsing mechanism of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of section A of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 This is a right-side sectional view of the flushing mechanism of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the separation mechanism of this utility model;
[0020] Figure 6 This is a top sectional view of the separation mechanism of this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. First support; 2. Second support; 3. First stage hydrocyclone cylinder; 4. Second stage hydrocyclone cylinder; 5. Elbow; 6. Flushing mechanism; 7. Separation mechanism; 61. Outer tube; 62. Spiral blade; 63. First liquid outlet; 64. Inner tube; 65. Second liquid outlet; 66. Slot; 67. Locking assembly; 671. Limiting cylinder; 672. Spring; 673. Ball bearing; 71. Separation box; 72. Discharge port; 73. Hopper; 74. Separating bar; 75. Motor; 76. Rotating shaft; 77. Stop bar; 78. Baffle. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0023] Reference Figure 1-6This utility model provides the following technical solution: a heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation, comprising a first support 1, a second support 2, a first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3, and a second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4. The first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the first support 1, and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the second support 2. The first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4 are connected by a pipe. The first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 is connected to a medium source through a pipe. The medium is introduced into the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 to promote the movement of coal blocks. One end of the elbow 5 is installed at the right end of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3, and the other end of the elbow 5 is installed with a separation mechanism 7. The inner walls of both the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4 are equipped with a flushing mechanism 6.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the rinsing mechanism 6 further includes a hollow outer tube 61, with spiral blades 62 fixedly connected to its outer wall. The spiral blades 62 on the two rinsing mechanisms 6 are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4. The spiral blades 62 alter the trajectory of the coal blocks, and the different centrifugal forces of substances with different densities are used to screen the coal blocks. The outer wall of the outer tube 61 has several first liquid outlet holes 63 equidistantly spaced axially from left to right. A rotatable inner tube 64 is installed on the inner wall of the outer tube 61. The outer wall of the inner tube 64 is oriented from left to right... Several second liquid outlet holes 65 are equidistantly provided along the axial direction to the right. The positions of the second liquid outlet holes 65 and the first liquid outlet holes 63 are one-to-one. When the inner tube 64 is rotated, the second liquid outlet holes 65 can be connected with the first liquid outlet holes 63. Two slots 66 are provided on the left end of the outer wall of the inner tube 64. A locking component 67 is embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube 61. One of the slots 66 is on the same straight line as the second liquid outlet holes 65. By inserting the locking component 67 into the cavity of the slot 66, the inner tube 64 can be positioned so that the second liquid outlet holes 65 can be connected with the first liquid outlet holes 63.
[0025] As a preferred embodiment, the locking assembly 67 further includes a limiting cylinder 671 embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube 61. A spring 672 and a ball bearing 673 are respectively inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder 671 from the inside to the outside. Under the elastic force of the spring 672, the ball bearing 673 is pushed into the inner cavity of the locking groove 66 to position the inner tube 64. The maximum depth of the ball bearing 673 inserted into the locking groove 66 is less than its own radius to prevent the ball bearing 673 from being unable to move out of the locking groove 66.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment, the separation mechanism 7 further includes a separation box 71 installed at the top of the elbow 5. A discharge port 72 is provided on the right side wall of the separation box 71. A hopper 73 is fixedly connected to the top left end of the separation box 71 for temporary storage of coal blocks. Several separation bars 74 are equidistantly installed from front to back on the left and right inner walls of the separation box 71. The spacing between the separation bars 74 filters the coal blocks according to their outer diameter. A motor 75 is installed on the front of the separation box 71, and a rotating shaft 76 is installed at the output end of the motor 75. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 76... Several baffles 77 are installed equidistantly along the axial direction from front to back. The baffles 77 are offset from the separating bars 74 so as not to interfere with the motor 75 driving the baffles 77 to rotate clockwise. The baffles 77 can push the coal block on the separating bar 74 to the right and push the coal block out of the discharge port 72. A baffle 78 is vertically installed at the top of the inner cavity of the separating box 71 to block the coal block. The separating bars 74 and the baffles 77 are both cylindrical in shape. The curved surface can prevent the coal block from getting stuck between the separating bars 74 and the baffles 77 when the baffles 77 rotate.
[0027] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:
[0028] Step 1: Coal blocks are fed from hopper 73 into separation box 71. The spacing between the separation bars 74 filters the coal blocks. Coal blocks that cannot fall are blocked at the top of the separation bars 74. The motor 75 drives the baffle 77 to rotate clockwise. The baffle 77 moves the coal blocks from left to right on the separation bars 74 and pushes them out from the discharge port 72, removing coal blocks whose outer diameter exceeds the screening range.
[0029] Step 2: The screened coal blocks enter the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3 from the bend 5. The heavy medium flows in the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3, providing power for the movement of the coal blocks. Under the obstruction of the coal blocks by the spiral blades 62, the coal blocks rotate. The denser coal blocks enter the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4 for secondary separation, while the less dense clean coal is discharged from the left side of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 3, the middlings are discharged from the left side of the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4, and impurities such as gangue are discharged from the right side of the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder 4, thus achieving coal block screening.
[0030] Step 3: When it is necessary to rinse the first hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second hydrocyclone cylinder 4, rotate the inner tube 64 so that the slot 66, which is on the same straight line as the second liquid outlet 65, corresponds to the position of the ball 673. Under the action of the spring 672, the ball 673 is pushed into the slot 66, and the second liquid outlet 65 is connected to the first liquid outlet 63. Clean water is introduced into the inner tube 64 through the water pipe, and the first liquid outlet 63 sprays water outward to rinse the spiral blade 62, the inner wall of the first hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second hydrocyclone cylinder 4, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning the first hydrocyclone cylinder 3 and the second hydrocyclone cylinder 4.
[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation, comprising a first support (1), a second support (2), a first hydrocyclone cylinder (3), and a second hydrocyclone cylinder (4), wherein the first hydrocyclone cylinder (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the first support (1), and the second hydrocyclone cylinder (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the second support (2), the first hydrocyclone cylinder (3) and the second hydrocyclone cylinder (4) are connected by pipes, and the left end of the first hydrocyclone cylinder (3) is connected to a medium source through a pipe to provide a medium for coal screening to the first hydrocyclone cylinder (3), characterized in that, Also includes: Elbow (5), one end of which is installed at the feed end of the first section of the hydrocyclone cylinder (3); A flushing mechanism (6) is installed at the other end of the elbow (5); The separation mechanism (7) consists of two parts, which are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first-stage hydrocyclone cylinder (3) and the second-stage hydrocyclone cylinder (4); The rinsing mechanism (6) includes: The outer tube (61) is hollow; Spiral blades (62) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the outer tube (61), and the spiral blades (62) on the two flushing mechanisms (6) are respectively installed on the inner walls of the first hydrocyclone cylinder (3) and the second hydrocyclone cylinder (4). The spiral blades (62) block and change the movement trajectory of the coal block. The first liquid outlet hole (63) is a number of several, which are equally spaced from left to right along the axial direction on the outer wall of the outer tube (61); The inner tube (64) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the outer tube (61); There are several second liquid outlet holes (65), which are equidistantly opened on the outer wall of the inner tube (64) from left to right along the axial direction, and the positions of the second liquid outlet holes (65) correspond one-to-one with the first liquid outlet holes (63); There are two slots (66), both of which are located on the left end of the outer wall of the inner tube (64); The locking component (67) is embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube (61).
2. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the slots (66) is on the same straight line as the second liquid outlet (65).
3. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The card-operated component (67) includes: The limiting cylinder (671) is embedded in the left end of the outer wall of the outer tube (61); Spring (672) and ball (673) are inserted from the inside to the outside into the inner cavity of the limiting cylinder (671). Under the elastic force of spring (672), the ball (673) is pushed into the inner cavity of the slot (66) to position the inner tube (64).
4. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The length of the ball (673) entering the inner cavity of the slot (66) is less than its own radius.
5. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation mechanism (7) includes: Separation box (71) is installed at the top of the elbow (5); The discharge port (72) is located on the right side wall of the separation box (71); The hopper (73) is fixedly connected to the left end of the upper surface of the separator (71); Separating strips (74), in a number of them, are installed at equal intervals from front to back on the left and right inner walls of the separating box (71); The motor (75) is mounted on the front of the separation box (71); A rotating shaft (76) is installed at the output end of the motor (75); A number of stop bars (77) are installed equidistantly along the axial direction from front to back on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (76), and the stop bars (77) are staggered from the separation bar (74); The baffle (78) is vertically installed at the top of the inner cavity of the separation box (71) to block the coal blocks.
6. A heavy medium hydrocyclone for metal beneficiation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The separating bar (74) and the stop bar (77) are both cylindrical in shape.