Safety relief valve structure of high-pressure storage tank of hydrogen energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a safety pressure relief valve structure of a high-pressure storage tank of a hydrogen energy storage system. The safety pressure relief valve structure comprises a pressure relief valve shell, a pressure relief valve element and a pressure relief valve body which are sequentially connected to form a pressure relief channel. A through opening is formed in the end, connected with the pressure relief valve element, of the pressure relief valve shell, and a plugging block pressed at the through opening through a spring is arranged in the pressure relief valve element. A sealing groove is formed in the pressure relief valve body, a plurality of graphite rings are arranged in the sealing groove, honeycomb holes communicated with the sealing groove are further formed in the pressure relief valve body, and pressure relief holes communicated with the honeycomb holes are formed in the tail end of the pressure relief valve body. According to the safety relief valve structure of the high-pressure storage tank of the hydrogen energy storage system, a main sealing interface is formed by the plugging block pre-tightened by the spring and the through opening, a labyrinth type sealing path is formed in cooperation with the staggered notch of the graphite ring, double-sealing protection is achieved, the sealing position of the plugging block can be adjusted in a self-adaptive mode along the guide sliding groove when pressure fluctuates, the contact pressure of the sealing face is effectively balanced, and the safety of the high-pressure storage tank of the hydrogen energy storage system is improved. The sealing reliability under the long-term high-pressure working condition is remarkably improved, and leakage of trace hydrogen is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pressure buffer structure technology, specifically a safety pressure relief valve structure for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of hydrogen energy storage technology, high-pressure storage tanks, as the core hydrogen storage unit, are directly related to the stable operation of the entire system. Safety relief valves, as key components for overpressure protection of storage tanks, need to release internal pressure in a timely and controllable manner under extreme conditions, while also ensuring sealing reliability and explosion-proof safety. However, existing pressure relief valve structures still have the following shortcomings that urgently need improvement: Traditional pressure relief valves often use a single spring to compress the sealing surface, but under frequent pressure fluctuations or long-term high pressure, the sealing element is prone to fatigue failure, leading to trace hydrogen leakage. Especially when the tank pressure approaches the design threshold, it is difficult to maintain a dynamic sealing balance between the valve core and the valve seat, posing a risk of premature pressure release or delayed response, affecting system energy efficiency and safety. Conventional pressure relief channels are simply designed, with a sudden increase in flow rate during gas release and a lack of graded buffering mechanisms. The instantaneous impact of high-pressure hydrogen on the pressure relief pipeline can not only easily cause structural vibration damage but may also lead to a sudden temperature drop due to adiabatic expansion, inducing material embrittlement or sealing failure, exacerbating the risk of secondary leakage. Therefore, a new safety relief valve structure for high-pressure storage tanks in hydrogen energy storage systems is needed to solve these problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a safety relief valve structure for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that uses a single spring to compress the sealing surface, but under frequent pressure fluctuations or long-term high pressure, the sealing element is prone to fatigue failure, resulting in the leakage of trace amounts of hydrogen.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a safety pressure relief valve structure for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system, comprising:

[0005] The pressure relief valve housing, pressure relief valve core, and pressure relief valve body are connected in sequence to form a pressure relief channel;

[0006] The pressure relief valve housing and the pressure relief valve core are connected at an opening, and the pressure relief valve core is provided with a sealing block that is pressed against the opening by a spring.

[0007] The pressure relief valve body has a sealing groove inside, and multiple graphite rings are provided in the sealing groove. The pressure relief valve body also has a honeycomb hole that communicates with the sealing groove, and the end of the pressure relief valve body has a pressure relief hole that communicates with the honeycomb hole.

[0008] Using the above technical solution, the core structure of the pressure relief valve consists of a pressure relief valve shell, a valve core, and a valve body connected in sequence to form a pressure relief channel. An opening is provided at the connection between the pressure relief valve shell and the valve core. A sealing block inside the valve core is pressed against the opening by a spring to achieve a seal. The pressure relief valve body has a sealing groove inside, within which multiple notched graphite rings are stacked and connected to the honeycomb pores and the pressure relief hole at the end. This structure achieves controllable pressure relief through multi-stage sealing (sealing block, graphite rings) and gas buffering (honeycomb pores).

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the pressure relief valve core is provided with symmetrical sliding grooves inside, and the sealing block and the pad block are provided with guide blocks on both sides that slide in cooperation with the sliding grooves.

[0010] Using the above technical solution, symmetrical grooves are arranged inside the valve core, and the guide blocks on both sides of the sealing block and the pad block slide in conjunction with the grooves. This design ensures stable movement of the sealing block in the vertical direction, avoids sealing failure caused by misalignment, and reduces frictional loss.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the top of the pressure relief valve body is provided with a threaded cylinder that penetrates its interior, and the valve stem is connected to the gasket block through the threaded cylinder via a threaded connection.

[0012] Using the above technical solution, the valve stem passes through a thread and is movably connected to the pad. The threaded adjustment structure allows the position of the pad to be changed by rotating the valve stem, thereby adjusting the spring preload and controlling the pressure relief threshold.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the graphite ring surface is provided with radially extending notches, and the notches of adjacent graphite rings are staggered.

[0014] Using the above technical solution, the graphite ring surface has radial notches, and adjacent notches are staggered. The staggered notches form tortuous gas channels, extending the gas passage path, reducing the flow velocity, and enhancing the sealing performance, preventing direct impact from high-pressure gas.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the inner wall of the honeycomb hole is provided with a deceleration structure formed by continuous concave and convex surfaces.

[0016] The above technical solution incorporates a deceleration structure formed by continuous concave and convex surfaces on the inner wall of the honeycomb cells. These concave and convex surfaces reduce gas flow velocity by increasing gas flow resistance and turbulence, thereby mitigating the risk of sudden temperature drops due to adiabatic expansion.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the spring is disposed between the sealing block and the pad block, and the two ends of the spring abut against the top surface of the sealing block and the bottom surface of the pad block, respectively.

[0018] Using the above technical solution, a spring is placed between the sealing block and the pad, with its two ends abutting against both. The compression force of the spring acts directly on the sealing block, ensuring that it fits tightly against the opening in a non-depressurized state, maintaining a static seal.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the bottom end of the valve stem is provided with a contact end that is connected to the top ball joint of the pad block.

[0020] Using the above technical solution, the bottom end of the valve stem is connected to the pad block via a ball joint. The ball joint structure allows the valve stem to adapt to changes in the pad block position during adjustment, avoiding mechanical jamming or wear caused by angular deviations.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the plurality of graphite rings are stacked vertically along the axial direction of the pressure relief valve body, and the center lines of the notches of adjacent graphite rings are distributed at an angle of °-°.

[0022] Using the above technical solution, graphite rings are stacked vertically along the valve body axis, with adjacent notches offset at a specific angle. This arrangement forms a three-dimensional labyrinthine sealing path, further dispersing gas pressure and increasing leakage resistance.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the deceleration structure of the honeycomb hole is formed by alternating arrangement of multiple hexagonal grooves and protrusions.

[0024] Using the above technical solution, the honeycomb aperture deceleration structure consists of alternating hexagonal grooves and protrusions. The hexagonal structure maximizes the gas diffusion area by uniformly distributing the fluid impact force, thus achieving efficient kinetic energy dissipation.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the pressure relief hole is provided on the end side wall of the pressure relief valve body, and the axial direction of the pressure relief hole is perpendicularly connected to the extension direction of the honeycomb holes at °.

[0026] Using the above technical solution, the axis of the pressure relief hole is perpendicular to the extension direction of the honeycomb holes. The vertical connection design forces the gas to turn 90° before the outlet, reducing the gas flow velocity and weakening the impact energy through inertial separation.

[0027] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the safety pressure relief valve structure of the high-pressure storage tank in this utility model hydrogen energy storage system are:

[0028] The spring-loaded sealing block forms the main sealing interface with the opening, and the labyrinthine sealing path formed by the misaligned notches of the graphite rings achieves double sealing protection. When the pressure fluctuates, the sealing block can adaptively adjust the sealing position along the guide groove, effectively balancing the contact pressure of the sealing surface, significantly improving the sealing reliability under long-term high-pressure conditions, and avoiding trace hydrogen leakage. The continuous concave-convex deceleration structure of the inner wall of the honeycomb pores and the three-dimensional buffer channel formed by the vertically stacked graphite rings dissipate the gas kinetic energy in stages through multiple deflections and turbulence effects. The 90° turning design of the pressure relief hole, combined with the fluid division effect of the honeycomb structure, greatly reduces the hydrogen release rate, suppresses the sudden temperature drop caused by adiabatic expansion, and effectively prevents material embrittlement and secondary leakage risks. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall internal cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing block and spring in the compressed state of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the pressure relief valve core of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the vertically stacked graphite ring structure of this utility model.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Pressure relief valve housing; 2. Pressure relief valve core; 3. Pressure relief valve body; 4. Threaded cylinder; 5. Valve stem; 6. Gasket; 7. Sealing block; 8. Guide block; 9. Slide groove; 10. Through port; 11. Sealing groove; 12. Graphite ring; 13. Notch; 14. Honeycomb hole; 15. Pressure relief hole; 16. Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] Please see Figure 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a safety pressure relief valve structure for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system, comprising:

[0037] The pressure relief valve housing 1 is an assembly of the pressure relief valve core 2 and the pressure relief valve body 3, and the pressure relief valve housing 1, pressure relief valve core 2, and pressure relief valve body 3 are integrally formed. During installation, the pressure relief valve body 3 is located at the top of the pressure relief valve housing 1 and the pressure relief valve core 2, while the pressure relief valve core 2 is located between the pressure relief valve housing 1 and the pressure relief valve body 3. The pressure relief valve body 3 is the main pressure relief buffer component, the pressure relief valve housing 1 is the pressure relief channel, and the pressure relief valve core 2 is the pressure relief sealing component. The pressure relief valve core 2 has a hollow structure inside. The connection end between the pressure relief valve housing 1 and the pressure relief valve core 2 is provided with a through-hole 10. The diameter of the through-hole 10 is smaller than the diameter of the sealing block 7 to ensure that the sealing block 7 can completely cover the through-hole 10. The sealing block 7 and the pad block 6 have the same shape and structure, and the sealing block 7 and the pad block 6 are respectively located inside the pressure relief valve core 2, with the pad block 6 located at the top of the sealing block 7. The pad block 6 and the sealing block 7 are respectively provided with guide blocks 8. Block 8 slides in conjunction with the symmetrically arranged grooves 9 inside the pressure relief valve core 2. A spring 16 is installed between the pad block 6 and the sealing block 7. The spring 16 stores energy to ensure a tight fit between the sealing block 7 and the opening 10, achieving a sealing effect. A valve stem 5 is movably connected to the top of the pad block 6. One end of the valve stem 5 passes through the pressure relief valve core 2 and the pressure relief valve body 3. The valve stem 5 is threadedly connected to a threaded cylinder 4, which is integrally formed with multiple sealing blocks 7 and the pressure relief valve body 3. The threaded cylinder 4 and the valve stem 5 are threadedly driven, allowing the valve stem 5 to move vertically up and down, controlling the height of the pad block 6 and thus the fit between the sealing block 7 and the opening 10. A sealing groove 11 is provided inside the pressure relief valve body 3. Several graphite rings 12 are arranged inside the sealing groove 11. Each graphite ring 12 has a through hole matching the outer diameter of the threaded cylinder 4. Several graphite rings 12 are stacked vertically, such as... Figure 5 As shown, each graphite ring 12 is provided with a notch 13, and the notches 13 are distributed in different positions. The included angle of each notch 13 does not exceed 45 degrees, and the vertical gap of each graphite ring 12 is small. They are formed by hydraulic clamping. The pressure relief valve body 3 is also provided with multiple honeycomb holes 14. The honeycomb holes 14 are provided with multiple concave and convex points to form a deceleration structure. When dangerous combustible gas tries to rush out from the outlet, it will be divided into countless small flames by the honeycomb concave and convex deceleration structure. The flames will be continuously extinguished by collision in the tortuous pipe, and finally the gas will be discharged from the pressure relief hole 15.

[0038] The pressure relief valve housing 1 is connected to the high-pressure storage tank. When the internal pressure of the tank is too high, the gas pressure pushes the sealing block 7 through the port 10 and passes through each graphite ring 12 in sequence. The gas will be transmitted through the gap 13 of the graphite ring 12. The gap between each graphite ring 12 is extremely small, which can prolong the transmission speed of the gas. Then the gas passes through the concave and convex deceleration structure of the honeycomb hole 14. When the dangerous combustible gas tries to rush out from the outlet, it will be divided into countless small flames by the honeycomb concave and convex deceleration structure. The flames will be extinguished by continuous collisions in the winding pipe. Finally, the gas will be discharged from the pressure relief hole 15.

[0039] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0040] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is limited by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety pressure relief valve structure for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The pressure relief valve housing (1), pressure relief valve core (2), and pressure relief valve body (3) are connected in sequence to form a pressure relief channel; The pressure relief valve housing (1) and the pressure relief valve core (2) are connected by a port (10), and the pressure relief valve core (2) is provided with a sealing block (7) pressed by a spring (16) at the port (10). The pressure relief valve body (3) has a sealing groove (11) inside, and multiple graphite rings (12) are provided inside the sealing groove (11). The pressure relief valve body (3) also has a honeycomb hole (14) communicating with the sealing groove (11), and the pressure relief valve body (3) has a pressure relief hole (15) communicating with the honeycomb hole (14) at the end.

2. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve core (2) is symmetrically provided with a sliding groove (9), and the sealing block (7) and the pad block (6) are provided with guide blocks (8) on both sides that slide in cooperation with the sliding groove (9).

3. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve body (3) has a threaded cylinder (4) that runs through its interior at the top. The valve stem (5) passes through the threaded cylinder (4) and is movably connected to the pad block (6) via a threaded connection.

4. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The graphite ring (12) has radially extending notches (13) on its surface, and the notches (13) of adjacent graphite rings (12) are staggered.

5. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the honeycomb hole (14) is provided with a deceleration structure formed by continuous concave and convex surfaces.

6. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring (16) is disposed between the sealing block (7) and the pad (6), and the two ends of the spring (16) abut against the top surface of the sealing block (7) and the bottom surface of the pad (6) respectively.

7. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the valve stem (5) is provided with a contact end that is connected to the top ball joint of the pad block (6).

8. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of graphite rings (12) are stacked vertically along the axial direction of the pressure relief valve body (3), and the center lines of the notches (13) of adjacent graphite rings (12) are distributed at an angle of 30°-45°.

9. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deceleration structure of the honeycomb hole (14) is formed by alternating arrangement of multiple hexagonal grooves and protrusions.

10. The structure of a safety pressure relief valve for a high-pressure storage tank in a hydrogen energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief hole (15) is located on the end side wall of the pressure relief valve body (3), and the axial direction of the pressure relief hole (15) is perpendicularly connected to the extension direction of the honeycomb hole (14) at 90°.

Images