Forming device of difficult-to-deform alloy profile

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sectional material industrial processing equipment, and discloses a forming device of a difficult-to-deform alloy sectional material, which comprises a dowel bar, a dowel pad, an extrusion cylinder, an external sectional material mold, a mold support, a mold front seat, a mold middle seat and a mold tail seat, a cylindrical cavity used for containing a cylindrical blank is formed in the extrusion barrel, one end of the dowel bar extends into the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion barrel and slides in the cylindrical cavity, a dowel pad is arranged at the end, extending into the extrusion barrel, of the dowel bar, and the dowel bar applies extrusion force to the cylindrical blank in the cylindrical cavity through the dowel pad. The extrusion die is suitable for forming production of alloy profiles difficult to deform, is simple in structure and flexible to operate, solves the problems of die clamping and difficult demolding after extrusion is finished, greatly improves the production efficiency, and reduces the energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of profile industrial processing equipment, and relates to a forming device for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles. Background Technology

[0002] There are many types of difficult-to-deform alloy profiles, including round tubes, stepped shafts, H-beams, I-beams, angle steel, channel steel, and rail steel. They have reasonable cross-sectional distribution and optimized strength-to-weight ratio, and are characterized by high structural strength, light weight, and cost savings. As structural components, they have been widely used in many fields.

[0003] Conventional profiles are generally formed using hot rolling, welding, and hot extrusion processes. Hot rolling is suitable for mass production of carbon steel profiles. However, for small-batch production of difficult-to-deform alloy profiles such as stainless steel, hot rolling involves large mold investments, high costs, and the high deformation resistance of stainless steel and other difficult-to-deform alloys, resulting in a narrow hot working temperature range, low dimensional accuracy, and poor surface quality. Welding produces profiles with defects such as inconsistent weld seams, inconsistent overall performance, and poor corrosion resistance. Extrusion, with its triaxial compressive stress characteristics, greatly maximizes the plastic deformation capacity of metals, resulting in a denser material structure, higher dimensional accuracy, and flexible production organization, making it highly suitable for the production of small-batch difficult-to-deform alloy profiles such as stainless steel.

[0004] In existing hot extrusion processes, the method of installing profile molds is built-in, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the included angle α' between the die front seat and the extrusion cylinder is 59.5°–60.5°, and the included angle δ' between the profile die mounting position is 78°–78.5°. Because the profile die is mounted internally, demolding is relatively smooth for simple circular profiles after extrusion. However, for complex profiles, the extruded profile is prone to getting stuck in the internal die, making demolding difficult, wasting considerable time, and severely restricting production pace. Furthermore, the contact area between the die front seat and the extrusion cylinder is frequently subjected to bumps and extrusion impacts, making it prone to damage. Once damaged, the entire die front seat needs to be replaced, resulting in high tooling costs. To address these issues, there is an urgent need for innovative design based on the existing profile production equipment structure to facilitate the production of difficult-to-deform alloy profiles. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forming device for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles. By installing an external profile mold in the mold front seat, the problem of the profile easily getting stuck in the profile mold after extrusion and being difficult to demold is solved.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A forming device for a difficult-to-deform alloy profile includes a force transmission rod, a force transmission pad, an extrusion cylinder, an external profile mold, a mold support, a front mold seat, a middle mold seat, and a tail mold seat.

[0008] The extrusion cylinder has a cylindrical cavity for placing cylindrical blanks. One end of the force transmission rod extends into the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder and slides within the cylindrical cavity. A force transmission pad is provided at the end of the force transmission rod that extends into the extrusion cylinder. The force transmission rod applies extrusion force to the cylindrical blank in the cylindrical cavity through the force transmission pad.

[0009] A die front seat is installed at the end of the extrusion cylinder away from the force transmission rod, and a die middle seat and a die tail seat are installed sequentially at the end of the die front seat away from the extrusion cylinder; an external profile mold is installed inside the die front seat, and a mold support is installed at the end of the external profile mold away from the extrusion cylinder; the mold support, die middle seat, and die tail seat are used together to support the external profile mold.

[0010] The extrusion cylinder is configured with a corresponding structural shape at the end that contacts the mold front seat. The included angle α between the mold front seat and the extrusion cylinder is 59.5° to 60.5°, and the included angle δ at the position where the external profile mold is installed is 102° to 104°.

[0011] As a limitation, the mold front seat adopts a split structure, including an outer ring and an inner ring, with the outer ring disposed on the outer surface of the inner ring.

[0012] As a further limitation, the shape of the external profile mold is consistent with the outline of the mold front seat inlet, the axial length of the external profile mold is 30mm to 40mm, the radial thickness is 20mm to 70mm, the surface roughness is not greater than 0.8μm, and the material used for the external profile mold is H13 mold steel.

[0013] The external profile mold has a profile mold cavity in the middle. The shape and size of the profile mold cavity are consistent with the profile to be produced. The profile mold cavity consists of an inlet transition area, an intermediate sizing area and an outlet reverse cone area. The radius of the arc of the inlet transition area is 10mm to 25mm and the length of the intermediate sizing area is 6mm to 10mm.

[0014] As a further limitation, the mold support is provided with a mold cavity in the middle, and the size of the mold cavity of the mold support is 6mm to 16mm larger than the size of the mold cavity of the external profile mold.

[0015] The mold seat has a first cavity in the middle and the mold tail seat has a second cavity in the middle. The size of the first cavity of the mold seat is 6mm to 25mm larger than the size of the mold support cavity, and the size of the second cavity of the mold tail seat is 6mm to 30mm larger than the size of the first cavity of the mold seat.

[0016] The shapes of the mold cavity supporting the mold, the first cavity of the mold seat, and the second cavity of the mold tail seat are all consistent with the profile to be produced.

[0017] As a second limitation, the extrusion cylinder includes an inner liner, an intermediate layer, and an outer shell layer, and the length of the extrusion cylinder is 1500mm to 1550mm, with a taper of 0.6mm to 1.5mm in the inner length direction.

[0018] As a third limitation, the force transmission pad is a solid or hollow cylinder, and the length of the force transmission pad along the axial direction is 100mm to 230mm. The outer diameter of the force transmission pad is 1.0mm to 3.0mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder; the outer diameter of the force transmission rod is 3mm to 10mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder.

[0019] The technological advancements achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies, due to the adoption of the aforementioned technical solution, are as follows:

[0020] (1) In this utility model, the included angle α between the front die seat and the extrusion cylinder is 59.5°~60.5°, and the included angle δ between the position of the external profile mold is 102°~104°. By installing the external profile mold in the front die seat in an external manner, the external profile mold can be installed inside the front die seat from the side where the billet metal is extruded. After the profile is extruded, the external profile mold is left on the side of the billet pressure residue, which is convenient to separate from the profile after hot sawing. This solves the problem that the profile demolding time is long and seriously affects the production efficiency.

[0021] (2) The mold front seat of this utility model adopts a split combination structure, including an outer ring and an inner ring. The outer ring is set on the outer surface of the inner ring. The outer end face of the inner ring is easily bumped and damaged during operation. Making the mold front seat into a combination structure makes it easy to process and assemble. It realizes that only a new inner ring needs to be replaced after the inner ring is damaged. Compared with the mold front seat with an integral structure, the cost is reduced.

[0022] (3) In this utility model, the inside of the extrusion cylinder is provided with a cylindrical cavity for placing cylindrical blanks. After the cylindrical blanks are placed in the cylindrical cavity, the force transmission pad between the force transmission rod and the cylindrical blanks can realize the function of transmitting extrusion force and protecting the force transmission rods.

[0023] In summary, this utility model is applicable to the forming production of difficult-to-deform alloy profiles. It has a simple structure, flexible operation, and solves the problems of mold jamming and difficulty in demolding after extrusion, greatly improving production efficiency and reducing energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mold front seat in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 2The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a forming device for a difficult-to-deform alloy profile according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the extrusion cylinder according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the extrusion cylinder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the combination of the front mold seat, middle mold seat, and tail mold seat in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 6 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combination of the front mold seat, the middle mold seat, and the tail mold seat in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the front seat of the mold according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the front seat of the mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the outer ring structure of the mold front seat in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 10 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer ring of the front seat of the mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the inner ring structure of the front seat of the mold in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 12 The figure shown is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner ring of the front seat of the mold in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 13 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the external profile mold according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 14 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the external profile mold and mold support assembly according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Force transmission rod; 2. Force transmission pad; 3. Cylindrical blank; 4. Extrusion cylinder; 41. Outer shell layer; 42. Intermediate layer; 43. Inner lining layer; 5. External profile mold; 51. Profile mold cavity; 6. Mold support; 7. Mold front seat; 71. Outer ring; 72. Inner ring; 8. Mold middle seat; 9. Mold tail seat; 10. Glass pad; 11. Profile. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example: A forming apparatus for a difficult-to-deform alloy profile

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment is a forming device for a difficult-to-deform alloy H-steel profile, including a force transmission rod 1, a force transmission pad 2, an extrusion cylinder 4, an external profile mold 5, a mold support 6, a mold front seat 7, a mold middle seat 8, and a mold tail seat 9.

[0042] In this embodiment, the center of the extrusion cylinder 4 is provided with a cylindrical cavity for placing the cylindrical blank 3. One end of the force transmission rod 1 extends into the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder 4 and slides within the cylindrical cavity. A force transmission pad 2 is provided at the end of the force transmission rod 1 that extends into the extrusion cylinder 4. The force transmission rod 1 applies extrusion force to the cylindrical blank 3 placed in the cylindrical cavity through the force transmission pad 2.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the extrusion cylinder 4 includes an inner liner 43, an intermediate layer 42, and an outer shell layer 41. The inner liner 43, the intermediate layer 42, and the outer shell layer 41 are assembled with an interference fit. The length of the extrusion cylinder 4 is 1500mm to 1550mm, and it has a taper of 0.6mm to 1.5mm in the inner length direction.

[0044] The force transmission pad 2 is a solid or hollow cylinder, and its length along the axial direction is 100mm to 230mm. The outer diameter of the force transmission pad 2 is 1.0mm to 3.0mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder 4. The outer diameter of the force transmission rod 1 is 3mm to 10mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder 4. During use, the force transmission rod 1 is powered by a hydraulic device to slide within the cylindrical cavity. The force transmission pad 2 between the force transmission rod 1 and the cylindrical blank 3 can transmit the extrusion force and protect the force transmission rod 1.

[0045] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, a mold front seat 7 is installed at the end of the extrusion cylinder 4 away from the force transmission rod 1, and a mold middle seat 8 and a mold tail seat 9 are installed in sequence at the end of the mold front seat 7 away from the extrusion cylinder 4; an external profile mold 5 is installed inside the mold front seat 7, and a mold support 6 is installed at the end of the external profile mold 5 away from the extrusion cylinder 4; the mold support 6, the mold middle seat 8 and the mold tail seat 9 are used together to support the external profile mold 5.

[0046] like Figures 7-12As shown, the structural shapes of the extrusion cylinder 4 and the contact end of the mold front seat 7 are correspondingly set. The included angle α between the mold front seat 7 and the extrusion cylinder 4 is 59.5° to 60.5°, and the included angle δ of the position where the external profile mold 5 is installed on the mold front seat 7 is 102° to 104°.

[0047] The mold front seat 7 adopts a split structure, including an outer ring 71 and an inner ring 72. The outer ring 71 is set on the outer surface of the inner ring 72. The part of the mold front seat 7 that fits with the extrusion cylinder 4 and the part of the mold front seat 7 that mounts the external profile mold 5 are both located on the inner ring 72. The outer end face of the inner ring 72 is easily damaged by bumps during operation. Making the mold front seat 7 into a split assembly structure facilitates processing and assembly, so that if the inner ring 72 is damaged, only a new inner ring 72 needs to be replaced.

[0048] like Figure 13 As shown, the external profile mold 5 has the same outline as the entrance of the mold front seat 7. The axial length of the external profile mold 5 is 30mm to 40mm, the radial thickness is 20mm to 70mm, and the surface roughness is no greater than 0.8μm. The material used for the external profile mold 5 is H13 mold steel. A profile mold cavity 51 is provided in the middle of the external profile mold 5. The shape and size of the profile mold cavity 51 are consistent with the profile 11 to be produced. Figure 13 The profile mold cavity 51 is H-shaped and consists of an inlet transition zone, an intermediate sizing zone, and an outlet reverse cone zone. The radius of the inlet transition zone is 10mm to 25mm, and the length of the intermediate sizing zone is 6mm to 10mm.

[0049] like Figure 14 As shown, the mold support 6 has a mold cavity in the middle. The size of the mold cavity of the mold support 6 is 6mm to 16mm larger than the size of the profile mold cavity 51 of the external profile mold 5.

[0050] The mold base 8 has a first cavity in the middle and the mold tail base 9 has a second cavity in the middle. The size of the first cavity of the mold base 8 is 6mm to 25mm larger than the size of the mold cavity of the mold support 6, and the size of the second cavity of the mold tail base 9 is 6mm to 30mm larger than the size of the first cavity of the mold base 8.

[0051] The shapes of the mold cavity of the mold support 6, the first cavity of the mold seat 8, and the second cavity of the mold tail seat 9 are all consistent with the profile 11 to be produced. Furthermore, the center lines of the cylindrical chamber of the extrusion cylinder 4, the profile mold cavity 51 of the external profile mold 5, the mold cavity of the mold support 6, the first cavity of the mold seat 8, and the second cavity of the mold tail seat 9 are on the same line. The cylindrical chamber of the extrusion cylinder 4, the profile mold cavity 51 of the external profile mold 5, the mold cavity of the mold support 6, the first cavity of the mold seat 8, and the second cavity of the mold tail seat 9 are connected.

[0052] In this embodiment, positioning holes are provided on the side of the extrusion cylinder 4 that contacts the front mold seat 7, positioning holes are provided on the side of the front mold seat 7 that contacts the middle mold seat 8, and positioning holes are provided on the side of the middle mold seat 8 that contacts the tail mold seat 9. Positioning pins can be installed in the positioning holes during installation to fix them in place, so as to align the cavities of the extrusion cylinder 4, the front mold seat 7, the middle mold seat 8 and the tail mold seat 9 and avoid misalignment.

[0053] The usage process in this embodiment is as follows:

[0054] When using the forming device for this difficult-to-deform alloy H-steel profile, combined with Figures 2 to 14 As shown, based on the shape and size of the difficult-to-deform alloy profile to be produced, a corresponding cylindrical blank 3 and forming mold are processed. First, the corresponding size of the force transmission rod 1, force transmission pad 2, extrusion cylinder 4, external profile mold 5, mold support 6, mold front seat 7, mold middle seat 8, and mold tail seat 9 are installed; the cylindrical blank 3 is uniformly heated to a high temperature, then coated with glass powder lubricant, and placed into the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder 4. The force transmission rod 1 is powered by a hydraulic device, and the force transmission rod 1 pushes the force transmission pad 2 and the cylindrical blank 3 to move in the extrusion direction to the front end of the external profile mold 5. After the front end of the cylindrical billet 3 contacts the glass pad 10 tightly attached to the front end of the external profile mold 5, the force transmission rod 1 continues to push in the extrusion direction, applying extrusion pressure to the cylindrical billet 3 through the force transmission pad 2. This first causes the cylindrical billet 3 to undergo upsetting deformation, eliminating the gap between the outer circle of the cylindrical billet 3 and the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder 4. Then, the cylindrical billet 3 is extruded into the profile mold cavity of the external profile mold 5, becoming the profile 11 to be produced. When the force transmission rod 1 advances to the limit stop, 40mm of unextruded billet pressure remains in the extrusion cylinder 4. Then, the switch locking the extrusion cylinder 4 is opened, and the extrusion cylinder 4 is retracted. At the same time, the billet pressure, the external profile mold 5, the force transmission pad 2, and the force transmission rod 1 are all retracted together. The billet pressure and the external profile mold 5 are then cut off from the profile 11 with a hot saw. The profile 11 is conveyed from the extruder outlet to the cooling bed, and the extrusion process ends.

[0055] It should be noted that this embodiment uses H-steel as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the forming device for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles can also produce profiles in the shapes of round tubes, stepped shafts, I-beams, angle steel, channel steel, rail steel, finned tubes, etc.

[0056] It should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A forming apparatus for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles, characterized in that, It includes a force transmission rod (1), a force transmission pad (2), an extrusion cylinder (4), an external profile mold (5), a mold support (6), a mold front seat (7), a mold middle seat (8), and a mold tail seat (9); The extrusion cylinder (4) has a cylindrical cavity for placing a cylindrical blank (3) inside. One end of the force transmission rod (1) extends into the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder (4) and slides within the cylindrical cavity. A force transmission pad (2) is provided at one end of the force transmission rod (1) extending into the extrusion cylinder (4). The force transmission rod (1) applies extrusion force to the cylindrical blank (3) in the cylindrical cavity through the force transmission pad (2). The force transmission pad (2) is a solid or hollow cylinder, and the length of the force transmission pad (2) along the axial direction is 100mm to 230mm. The outer diameter of the force transmission pad (2) is 1.0mm to 3.0mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder (4); the outer diameter of the force transmission rod (1) is 3mm to 10mm smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity of the extrusion cylinder (4). The extrusion cylinder (4) is equipped with a front mold seat (7) at one end away from the force transmission rod (1), and a middle mold seat (8) and a tail mold seat (9) are installed in sequence at the other end of the front mold seat (7) away from the extrusion cylinder (4); an external profile mold (5) is installed inside the front mold seat (7), and a mold support (6) is installed at the other end of the external profile mold (5) away from the extrusion cylinder (4); the mold support (6), the middle mold seat (8), and the tail mold seat (9) are used together to support the external profile mold (5); The extrusion cylinder (4) is configured with a corresponding structural shape at the end that contacts the mold front seat (7). The side of the extrusion cylinder (4) that contacts the mold front seat (7) is provided with positioning holes. The positioning holes are fixed by positioning pins. The included angle α between the mold front seat (7) and the extrusion cylinder (4) is 59.5° to 60.5°. The included angle δ at the position where the external profile mold (5) is installed is 102° to 104°. The mold seat (8) has a first cavity in the middle and the mold tail seat (9) has a second cavity in the middle. The size of the first cavity of the mold seat (8) is 6mm to 25mm larger than the size of the mold cavity of the mold support (6). The size of the second cavity of the mold tail seat (9) is 6mm to 30mm larger than the size of the first cavity of the mold seat (8). The shapes of the mold cavity of the mold support (6), the first cavity of the mold seat (8), and the second cavity of the mold tail seat (9) are all consistent with the profile (11) to be produced.

2. The forming apparatus for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mold front seat (7) adopts a split structure, including an outer ring (71) and an inner ring (72), with the outer ring (71) set on the outer surface of the inner ring (72).

3. The forming apparatus for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles according to claim 2, characterized in that, The external profile mold (5) has the same outline as the entrance of the mold front seat (7). The axial length of the external profile mold (5) is 30mm to 40mm, the radial thickness is 20mm to 70mm, the surface roughness is not greater than 0.8μm, and the material used for the external profile mold (5) is H13 mold steel. The external profile mold (5) has a profile mold cavity (51) in the middle. The shape and size of the profile mold cavity (51) are consistent with the profile (11) to be produced. The profile mold cavity (51) consists of an inlet transition area, an intermediate sizing area and an outlet reverse cone area. The radius of the arc of the inlet transition area is 10mm to 25mm, and the length of the intermediate sizing area is 6mm to 10mm.

4. The forming apparatus for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mold support (6) has a mold cavity in the middle. The size of the mold cavity of the mold support (6) is 6mm to 16mm larger than the size of the profile mold cavity (51) of the external profile mold (5).

5. The forming apparatus for difficult-to-deform alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion cylinder (4) includes an inner liner (43), an intermediate layer (42) and an outer shell layer (41). The length of the extrusion cylinder (4) is 1500mm to 1550mm, and it has a taper of 0.6mm to 1.5mm in the inner length direction.

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